Tenses and its types

TENSESBY

RABIA AWAN

CONTENTS

Introduction.

Classification on the basis of time frame.

Classification based on aspect.

Block diagram of Tenses.

List of rules.

Present Tense.

Past Tense

Future Tense

List of examples

INTRODUCTION

The word tense is derived from

latin word “tempus” which means

time.A verb indicates the time of an

action event or condition by

changing its form

BASED ON TIME FRAME

The verb tenses may be catageriozed

according to the time frame:

Present Tense

Past Tense

Future Tense

DEFINITIONS OF PRESENT PAST &FUTURE TENSE

Present Tense:-

Present tenses represents an

unchanging,repeated,reocurring

situation that exist only now.

E.g:-

He goes to school.

DEFINITION OF PAST TENSE

Past Tense expresses an action or

situation that was started and

finished in the past

E.g:-

we went to school

DEFINITION OF FUTURE TENSE

Future tense expresses an action or

situation that will occur in the

future.

E.g:-

we will go to school..

BASED ON ASPECT

Verb tenses may also be catagorized according to

aspect.Aspect refer to the nature of of the action

described by the verb.

There are four aspects:

Indefinite or Simple

Continuous or Progressive

Perfect or Complete

Perfect Continuous

DEFINITION OF INDEFINITE TENSE

The three indefinite tenses or simple

tenses ,describes an action but do not state weather

the action is finished or not.

Rule:sub+v1st+s/es+obj

E.g:-

she eats mango.

DEFINITION OF CONTINUOUS TENSE

The three continuous or incomplete tenses,or

progressive tenses describes an unfinished action.

Rule:-sub+h.v+iv4+obj

E.g:-

she is eating mango.

DEFINITION OF PERFECT TENSE

The three complete or perfect

tenses describes a finished action.

Rule:sub+v3rd+obj

E.g:-

They played football.

DEFINITION OF PERFECT CONTINUOUS

To combine the complete tenses and

incomplete tenses,to describes an action

which was in progress and then finished.

Rule:sub+h.v+v4+obj

E.g:-

she has been eating mango.

THERE ARE TWELVE POSSIBLE TENSES

Present Past Future

Present indefinitePresent

continuousPresent perfectPresent perfect

cont

Past indefinitePast cont

Past perfectPast perfect

cont

Future indefinite

Future contFuture perfectFuture

perfect cont

HERE IS A L IST OFRULES OF THESE TENSES

Simple Forms

ProgressivForm

PerfectForm

Perfect ProgresiveForm

PRESENT

1ST+s/es Am/are/is+1st form+ing

Have/has+IIIrd form

Have/has been+Istform+ing

PAST Iind form Was/were+1st form +ing

Had+IIIrdform

Had been+1st form+ing

FUTURE will/shall+1ST

FORM

Will be/shall be+1st form+ing

Will have/shall hve+IIIrd form

Will have been+1st form+ing

PRESENT TENSE

PRESENT

Present Indefinite

Present ContPresent

Perfect Present Perfect

cont

PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

The simple present is used to describe an

action,event or condition that is occuring in

the present at the moment of speaking or

writing.

E.g:-

I play.

He/She plays.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

The present continuous emphasize the

contining nature an act,condition or event.

E.g:-

I am playing.

He/She is playing.

They are playing.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

The present perfect tense is used to describe

action that began in the past and continuous

in the present or has just been completed.

E.g:-

I have played.

He/She has played.

PRESENT PERFECT CONT.TENSE

It is used to describe an action,event or

condition that has begun in the past and

continues into the present.

E.g:-

I/You have been eating.

He/She has been eating.

PAST TENSE

PAST

Past Indefinite

Past Cont

Past PerfectPast perfect

cont

PAST INDEFINITE TENSE

It is used to an action,event or

condition that occurred in the past.

E.G:-

I played.

He/She played.

PAST CONT .TENSE

It is used to describe action

ongoing in the past.

E.g:-

I was eating.

He/She was eating.

They were eating.

PAST PERFECT TENSE

It is refer to action that took place

and were completed in the past.

E.g:-

I had played.

He/She had played.

PAST PERFECT CONT.TENSE

It is used to indicate that a continuing

action in the past began before another past

action began or interrupted the first action.

E.g:-

I had been playing.

He/She had been playing.

FUTURE TENSE

FUTURE

Future Indefinite

FutureCont

Future Perfect

Future Perfect

Cont

FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

It is used to refer to action that will

take place after the act of speaking

and writing.

E.g:-

I shall play.

He/She will play.

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

It is used to describe action ongoing in

the future. The future progressive is used

to refer to the continuing action that will

occur in future.

E.g:-

I shall be playing.

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

It is used to refer to an action that will

be completed sometimes in future

before another action take place.

E.g:-

He/She will have played

FUTURE PERFECT CONT.TENSE

It is used to indicate a continuing

action that will be completed at

specified time in the future.

E.g:-

I shall have been playing.

THANKS FOR ATTENTION