TEMPERATURE AND NOISE LOGGING IN RESERVOIR FLOW EVALUATION Take a look behind the casing …

TEMPERATURE AND NOISE TEMPERATURE AND NOISE LOGGINGLOGGING

IN RESERVOIR FLOW IN RESERVOIR FLOW EVALUATIONEVALUATION

Take a look behind the casing …

Spectral Noise LogSpectral Noise Log

Static HPTStatic HPT

Dynamic HPTDynamic HPTSPINNERSPINNER

> 1 m> 1 m

SIGMASIGMA

CBLCBL

C/OC/OBLINDTHRU

TUBINGWFLWFL

> 3 m> 3 m

~ 1 m~ 1 m

~ 3 m~ 3 m

Scanning RadiusScanning Radius

frr

f

rrc c

c

Bih

Qc

rzr

*

02)(

-excess temperature: (r, z, t) = T (r, z, t)  Tg (z)

- heat transfer equation:

zz

zrr

rr

z

rrh

tQzc

ta

zC f )()(

2

)()()(

0

t >0, r >rc , z < z <z +

-boundary conditions:

a) flowing

b) shut-in

cc rrrrc trzr

5.0)(

PhysicsPhysics

ExampleExample

Conventional temperatureConventional temperature High precision temperatureHigh precision temperature

TITI TSTSTDTD TSTSTDTDTITI

Matches with perforation intervalMatches with perforation intervalDoesn’t match with perforation Doesn’t match with perforation intervalinterval

ChannelingChanneling No injection belowNo injection below

ShiftShift >>10м10м

•Sensor at bottom of tool-string•Time response < 1 sec

•Sensor in middle of tool-string• Time response > 1 sec

Conventional vs High PresicionConventional vs High Presicion

Injectors

Active Producer

TG

Shut-in Producer

SHPT areal plotSHPT areal plot

Spinner

Temperature

Producer.Producer. SHPT vs PLTSHPT vs PLT

Spinner

Temperature

Injector. SHPT vs PLTInjector. SHPT vs PLT

High BSW

Active channeling

Current OWC or Coning

SHPT = bypassed oil

SIGMA = 50% sweep

Producer.Producer. SHPT vs SIGMA SHPT vs SIGMA

Fracture Non uniform Injection

OWC Rise or Coning Channeling

Type libraryType library

PLTSHPT

OWC

Bypassed oil

SHPT vs PLT 3D simulationSHPT vs PLT 3D simulation

OIL & GAS SERVICES

Spectral Noise Logging ToolSpectral Noise Logging Tool

Parameter Value

Operating frequency range, Hz 234.375 – 30,000

Frequency resolution, Hz 234.375

Number of frequency channels 512

Noise measurement range, dB 30–130

Maximum ambient operating pressure, MPa60

Operating temperature range, degC -20...+125

•Reading Mode – Memory•Temperature range – 125oC (253oF)•Pressure Range – 60 MPa

Noise Spectrum is defined by console/reservoir structure

1 kHz

SNL PhysicsSNL Physics

2

R Ef

l

R

l

E

[m] Diameter of console

[m] Length of console

[Pa] Young’s modulus of console’s material

[kg/m3] Density of console’s material

Large consoles Low frequencies

Small consoles High frequencies

FracturesChannels

Faults

Perfs

Orifice

Leaks

SSD

X-NIPPEL

Mandrels

Casing

Tubing

Regular

matrix

Tight

matrix

Super-tight

Matrix

SNL FrequencySNL Frequency

Sketch

How to read SNL panel…How to read SNL panel…

Super-tight

porous

Tight

porous

Regular

matrix

Channel

Macrofrac

Casing

Perfs

Bore hole Flow

Reservoir Matrix FlowFracture Flow

OIL & GAS SERVICES

Bore hole flow

Reservoir Matrix flow

Channeling

Fracture flow?

Producer.Producer. SNL + PLT SNL + PLT

OIL & GAS SERVICES

Bore hole flow

Reservoir Matrix flowChanneling

Fracture flow

Producer. Producer. SNL + PLT. ZoomSNL + PLT. Zoom

Bore hole flow

Reservoir Matrix flow

Channeling

Fracture flow

Producer.Producer. SNL + PLT. Communication. Zoom SNL + PLT. Communication. Zoom

Injector. SNL vs PLTInjector. SNL vs PLT

Matrix flow

Thief injection

Injector. SNL + HPT + PLT. CommunicationInjector. SNL + HPT + PLT. Communication

Injection Water Override

Reservoir Matrix flow

ObserverObserver. SNL + HPT. Lateral flow. SNL + HPT. Lateral flow

OIL & GAS SERVICES

Matrix flow

Matrix flowFractures survived

Flow shut-down

Fracture flow

Matrix killed

Open Hole – monitor drilling lossesOpen Hole – monitor drilling losses

InjectorObserver

Producer

T SNL

T SNL

T SNL

OIL & GAS SERVICES

The EndThe End

www.tgtoil.comwww.tgtoil.com

Open Hole – SNL3 vs conventional NLOpen Hole – SNL3 vs conventional NL

narrow wingswide wings