Powerpoint Templates Page 1 Characterization & Optimization of Temperature Sensor Using LABVIEW Completed By : Shabnam Niknezhad Samreen Shaikh Guide : MSc Electronic Science Department of Electronic Science Poona College of Arts , Science & Commerce
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Powerpoint Templates Page 1
Characterization & Optimization of Temperature
Sensor Using LABVIEW
Completed By :
Shabnam Niknezhad
Samreen Shaikh
Guide :
Prof. SAJID NAEEM
MSc Electronic ScienceDepartment of Electronic SciencePoona College of Arts , Science & Commerce
AIM & OBJECTIVESAim : • To study of LabVIEW and its application.
Objectives :• Characterization and Optimization of temperature sensors.• To interface DAQ card with LabVIEW.• To design ON/OFF controller to control Heater.• To develop basic programming architectures.• To develop Lab VIEW software for data acquisition, display
and/or control purpose.• To create application that use plug in DAQ device• To develop necessary interface hard ware so as to accumulate
variety of test and measurement procedure.• To study different transducers under the control of virtual lab.
INTRODUCTION• The primary objective of process control is to control physical
parameter such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, level, force, light intensity and so on. As these parameter can change either spontaneously or because of external influences, we must constantly provide corrective action to keep these parameters constant or within the specified range.
• To control process parameter, we must know the value of that parameter and hence it is necessary to measure that parameter.
• An instrumentation system consists of three major elements :
1. input device2. signal conditioning circuit 3. output device. The input quantity for most instrumentation system is non electrical in order to use electrical methods and techniques for measurement the non electrical quantity is converted into proportional electrical signal by a device
Transducer• A transducer is a device that converts one form of energy to another. Energy types include electrical, mechanical, electromagnetic (including light), chemical, acoustic or thermal energy. • While the term transducer commonly implies the use of a sensor/detector,
any device which converts energy can be considered a transducer. • Transducers are widely used in measuring instruments.
Bioelectrical TechnologyAt the heart of this system a wireless microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensor in the contact lens that acts as a transducer, antenna, and mechanical support for read-out electronics.
• In many systems, temperature control is fundamental. There are a number of passive and active temperature sensors that can be used to measure system temperature, including:
1. thermocouple,2. resistive temperature detector,3. thermistor, 4. silicon temperature sensors.
• These sensors provide temperature feedback to the system controller to make decisions such as, over-temperature shutdown, turn-on/off cooling fan, temperature compensation or general purpose temperature monitor.
• Lab VIEW programs are called virtual instruments, or VIs, because their appearance and operation imitate physical instruments, such as oscilloscopes and multimeters.
• After build the user interface, add code using VIs and structures to control the front panel objects. The block diagram contains this code.
1. Transducer: A device that converts a physical phenomenon such as light, temperature, pressure, or sound into a measurable electrical signal such as voltage or current.
2. Signal: The output of the transducer.3. Signal conditioning: Hardware that you can connect to the
DAQ device to make the signal suitable for measurement or to improve accuracy or reduce noise.
4. DAQ hardware: Hardware you use to acquire, measure, and analyze data.
5. Software: NI application software is designed to help you easily design and program your measurement and control application (LABVIEW).
USB DAQ :• USB -6008 & USB -6009 Low – Cost USB DAQ.The National Instruments USB-6009 provides basic data acqusition functionality for applications such as simple data logging, portable measurements , and academic lab experiments.The NI USB _6008 and NI USB 6009 are ideal for students.
Create measurement application by programing the NI USB-6009 using LabVIEW and NI_DAQmx driver software for Windows.
• The output voltage is converted to temperature by a simple conversion factor.
• The sensor has a sensitivity of 10mV / oC.• Use a conversion factor that is the reciprocal, that is 100 oC/V.• The general equation used to convert output voltage to
temperature is:
Temperature ( oC) = Vout * (100 oC/V)
– So if Vout is 1V , then, Temperature = 100 oC
• The output voltage varies linearly with temperature.
• It has an output voltage that is proportional to the Celsius temperature.
• The scale factor is 10mV/oC .• The LM35 does not require any external
calibration or trimming and maintains an accuracy of +/-0.4 oC at room temperature and +/- 0.8 oC over a range of 0 oC to +100oC.• Vc = 4 to 30v• 5v or 12 v are typical values used.
• Thermistors are built with semiconductor materials and can have either a positive (PTC) or negative (NTC) temperature coefficient. However, the NTC is typically used for temperature sensing.
• Advantages of thermistors include a very high sensitivity to changes in temperature (having a thermal response of up to -100Ω/°C at 25°C),fast response time and low cost.
• The main drawback of thermistors is that the change in resistance with temperature is highly non-linear at temperatures below 0°C and greater than 70°C.
Solid State Temperature Sensor(Linear 1 Microamp per Kelvin Output)
• Solid state' temperature sensor has an easy to use linear voltage output, unlike conventional resistive sensors.
• The AD590 is a small temperature transducer that converts a temperature input into a proportional current output.
• The advanced technology in the AD590 is especially suited for special temperature measurement and control applications between -55 and 150°C (-67 to 302°F) when solid state reliability, linearity and accuracy are required.
• The size and responsiveness of the AD590 make it perfect for uses where size is a consideration, such as on PC boards or heat sinks.
• Absolute Maximum Ratings• Forward Voltage (E+ to E-): +44V• Reverse Voltage (E+ to E-): -20V• Breakdown Voltage• (case to E+ or E-): ±200V• Lead Temperature: 300°C• Voltage Range: 4 to 30 Vdc• Nominal Current Output at 25°C• (298.2 K): 298.2 μA• Nominal Temperature Coefficient:
1 μA/K
• Calibration Error: J: ±5.0°C maximum (K: ±2.5°C)• Absolute Error: Without external• Calibration Adjustment: J: ±10.0°C max (K: ±5.5°C); W/25°C error set to zero J: ±3.0°C max (K: ±2.0°C)• Repeatability: ±0.1°C max• Long-Term Drift: ±0.1°C/month max
• The principle of operation is to measure the resistance of a platinum element. The most common type (PT100) has a resistance of 100 Ω at 0 °C and 138.4 ohms at 100 °C. There are also PT1000 sensors that have a resistance of 1000 ohms at 0 °C.
• The relationship between temperature and resistance is approximately linear over a small temperature range: for example, if you assume that it is linear over the 0 to 100 °C range, the error at 50 °C is 0.4 °C.