Top Banner
Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and EinsteinPodolskyRosen Channels Charles H. Bennet, Gilles Brassard, Claude Crépeau, Richard Jozsa, Asher Peres, and William K. Wootters Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and EinsteinPodolskyRosen Channels 1 Team 10 Sheikh, Mohammed Steiner, Charles Tsang, Chi Hang Boyce Tiwari, Apoorv *C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crépeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895 (1993).
20

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Jun 13, 2018

Download

Documents

hoangkhanh
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and 

Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen ChannelsCharles H. Bennet, Gilles Brassard, Claude Crépeau,Richard Jozsa, Asher Peres, and William K. Wootters

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels 1

Team 10

Sheikh, MohammedSteiner, CharlesTsang, Chi Hang BoyceTiwari, Apoorv

*C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crépeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895 (1993).

Page 2: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Outline

• The problem and required background• Teleportation procedure• Critical review• Experimental realization and summary 

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels 2

Page 3: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

A modern problem in gift‐giving• We have two people, Alice and Bob.

• Alice wants to send Bob a particle as a gift. The problem is she doesn’t know what the state of the particle is. And unfortunately she can’t give it to Bob directly.

• We’ll call the state of the particle |

• How does she get the particle | to  Bob?

The problem and required background

Page 4: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Quantum Entanglement• Entangled states are states such that measurement of one particle’s state 

also collapses the other particle’s state.

• Measuring |0 A for particle A will collapse particle B’s state to |1 B.

The problem and required background 4

Page 5: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Can particle A’s state be measured in an arbitrary basis?

• Apply a unitary transformation to the (|0 A, |1 A) basis.

• For example:

(|0 A, |1 A) ( |0 A + |1 A,  |0 A ‐ |1 A) = (|ψ +, |ψ −)

Then my entangled state will be:

|0 B + |1 B) |ψ + +  |0 B ‐ |1 B) |ψ −

The problem and required background

Page 6: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

The Bell basis is the basis of a two‐particle entangled state

• The Bell basis has a total of four possible basis vectors.

• In quantum teleportation, three states are needed, two of which are entangled. The Bell basis serves are the measurement basis for Alice.

The problem and required background

Page 7: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Outline

• The problem and required background• Teleportation procedure• Critical review• Experimental realization and summary 

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels 7

Page 8: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Quantum teleportation from Alice to Bob

Measures her qubits in the Bell Basis

Classical signal of result

Quantum operation on 

qubit 3Teleportation Procedure

Page 9: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Putting the problem in the Bell basis

If Alice measures

Bob’s qubit 

becomes3‐particle state becomes

Teleportation Procedure 9

Page 10: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Alice and Bob again

MeasureΨ+

Ψ-

Φ+

Φ-

Qubitbecomesα|0>+β|1>α|0>‐β|1>α|1>+β|0>α|1>‐β|0>

Result

Recovery operation

Teleportation Procedure 10

Page 11: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Outline

• The problem and required background• Teleportation procedure• Critical review• Experimental realization and summary 

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels 11

Page 12: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

What is expected from this paper?• Reminded that the following 

were impossible at the beginning

• Superluminal information transfer• Quantum state cloning• Broadcast of quantum state

• Showed interesting point of the procedure– Teleportation is still possible 

without knowing• State being teleported• Location of receiver (almostbroadcasting!)

“It is known that instantaneous information transfer is impossible.”

Critical Review 12

Page 13: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Why is this procedure important?

• Paper mentioned relevance to quantum cryptography, quantum parallel computation…

• Quantum Key Distribution– Shared Private Key is crucial to cryptography– Use quantum teleportation to generate shared keys– Eavesdropper will destroy entanglement and hence be detected

Critical Review 13

100110011101…

Page 14: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Outline

• The problem and required background• Teleportation procedure• Critical review• Experimental realization and summary 

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels 14

Page 15: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Experimental Quantum Teleportation

• First experiments with photons:– D. Bouwmeester, J.‐W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, A. Zeilinger, 

Experimental Quantum Teleportation, Nature 390, 6660, 575‐579 (1997).

– D. Boschi, S. Branca, F. De Martini, L. Hardy, & S. Popescu, Experimental 

Realization of Teleporting an Unknown Pure Quantum State via Dual 

classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen channels, Phys. Rev Lett. 80, 6, 1121‐

1125 (1998)

– I. Marcikic, H. de Riedmatten, W. Tittel, H. Zbinden, N. Gisin, Long‐Distance 

Teleportation of Qubits at Telecommunication Wavelengths, Nature, 421, 

509 (2003)

Experimental Realization and Summary  15

Page 16: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Photon Entanglement

• Parametric Down Conversion– Inside a nonlinear crystal, an incoming pump photon can decay 

spontaneously into two photons.

Experimental Realization and Summary  16

Page 17: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Experimental Quantum Teleportation

• Experiments with Atoms:– M. Riebe, H. Häffner, C. F. Roos, W. Hänsel, M. Ruth, J. Benhelm, 

G. P. T. Lancaster, T. W. Körber, C. Becher, F. Schmidt‐Kaler, D. F. V. James, R. Blatt, Deterministic Quantum Teleportation with Atoms, Nature 429, 734‐737 (2004)

– M. D. Barrett, J. Chiaverini, T. Schaetz, J. Britton, W. M. Itano, J. D. Jost, E. Knill, C. Langer, D. Leibfried, R. Ozeri, D. J. Wineland, Deterministic Quantum Teleportation of Atomic Qubits, Nature 429, 737 (2004).

– S. Olmschenk, D. N. Matsukevich, P. Maunz, D. Hayes, L.‐M. Duan, and C. Monroe, Quantum Teleportation between Distant Matter Qubits, Science 323, 486 (2009).

Experimental Realization and Summary  17

Page 18: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Citation Report• Total Citations : 4977

• Top Cited articles:• Quantum Cryptography

Author(s): Gisin N; Ribordy GG; Tittel W; et al. Quantum Cryptography ,REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS 74  ,145‐195  (JAN 2002)

• Bouwmeester D; Pan JW; Mattle K; et al., Experimental quantum teleportation NATURE 390  ,6660  ,575‐579  ,1997 Times Cited: 2,074

• Bennett CH; DiVincenzo DP; Smolin JA; et al. Mixed‐state entanglement and quantum error correction PHYSICAL REVIEW A , 54 , 5 . 3824‐3851 .1996 Times Cited: 2,043

• Knill E; Laflamme R; Milburn GJ A scheme for efficient quantum computation with linear optics NATURE 409 ,6816 , 46‐52 , 2001 Times Cited: 1,668

Experimental Realization and Summary  18

Page 19: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

Thank you for your attention!

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels 19

Page 20: Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical ... · Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels Charles H. Bennet,

BB84 Protocol• Quantum Key Distribution (BB84)*

– Shared Private Key is crucial to cryptography1. Alice prepare two particles with some basis ( or )2. Alice measure the state of particle with same basis3. Bob measure the particle with random basis4. Choices of axes are then made public5. Measurement in same axis: Results become shared key6. Compare subset of string to detect eavesdropper

Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen Channels 20

*Table extracted on 10/12/2011,  from Wikipedia, “Quantum key distribution”