Lecture # 01 Telec ommunication Protocol Network Tele means remote and communicate means conveying a message. “ The telecommu nication means communic ation at distance . Enable communication of all type di gi tal, vo ice, and audio etc. mess age on a ne twor k multimedia applications like Tele medicine, Tele vision etc Telec ommunica tio n is not limite d to only the conversa ti on. Dis tance lear nin g for example onl ine teac hing and conv ers atio ns. Tele communic atio n made the whole world as a global village. Protocols are the Set of rules to enable communication. Network: A group of compute rs or devic es that are connecte d by communications facilities. A network can involve permanent connections, such as ca bl es, or temp or ary connec ti ons made throug h te leph one or ot he r communication links. A network can be as small as a LAN (local area network) consisting of a few computers, printers, and other devices, or it can consist of many small and large computers distributed over a vast geographic area (WAN, or wide area network). Fig; 1. Switching Network: A communications method that uses temporar y rather than permane nt connecti ons to establish a link or to route informatio n between two parties. In the dial-up telephone network, for example, a caller’s line goes to a switching center, where the actual connection is made to the called party. Network of exchange interconnection of switching network/systems. One of the fundamental networks of telecom: 2. Tr ans mis si on Network : Responsible the data transfer from one switch network to another for example satellite, coaxial cable, microwave, optical fiber etc. For example Fig; LHR ISB Access Network Motor Way M-2 D.H.A Gulberg JoharTown Sector I/8 Sector F/10 Sector E/7 Access Network Transmission Network Switching Exchange: Many roads to many cities Transmitte r Receiver Network