tel · 2016-03-11 · X.I.1 Decks and Floors. Heating cables or panels may be installed in floors or decks provided they are encased in mortar, or concrete or installed in suitable

NOTE: Since the revision of NFPA 301 slipped from the 1997 Fall Meeting revision cycle, the ROP is reprinted here on pages 108-168.

Report of the Committee on

Merchant Vessels

Morgan J. Hurley, Chair U.S. Coast Guard, DC [E]

Mark J. Gentile, Secretar~ U.S. Dept. of Transportation, MA [U]

Matthew Andrades, Canadian Coast Guard, ON, Canada [E] Michael L. Arnold, M&M Protection Consultants, OR [I] JGohn G. Atherton, Burgoyne Inc., GA [SE]

race Bauer, Bauer Interiors Inc., LA JIM] William M. Carey, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] Rupert P. Chandler, Hopeman Brothers, Inc., VA [M] Warren A. Chigoy, Jr., SOTEC, LA [M]

Rep. Fire Suppression Systems Assn. Jcoseph J. Cox, American Inst. of Mercbant Shipping, DC [U]

harles J. Dorchak, ABS Americas, TX [E] Rep. American Bureau of Shipping

Russell P. Fleming, Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn., NY [M] John P. Goudreau, Ansul Inc., WI [M]

Rep. Fire Equipment Mfrs. Assn. Inc. Albert W. Horsmon, Jr., ATC Chemical Corp., M I [SE] J. Thomas Hughes, Bethesda, MD [SE] Hslang-ChengKung, Factory Mutual Researcll Corp., MA Ill Peter C. Lauridsen, Passenger Vessel Assn., VA [U] Robert M. Letourneau, Newport News Sltipbuilding, VA [M] Mark F. Malllck, New York State Office Fire Protection & Control, NY [El Archie Nichols, Nichols Bros. Boat Builders, WA [M] Robert L. Ridgeway, City of Cape Girardeau Fire Dept., MO [U] Daniel P. Russell, U.S. Dept. of tile Navy, DC [C] Yogesh Shah, Fire-Lite Alarms/Notifier, CT [M]

Rep. Nat'l Electrical Mfrs. Assn. William F. Sullivan, Stolt Parcel Tankers Inc., TX [U] Yvette A. Taylor, ARCO Marine, Inc., CA [U] Terry Wirginis, Gateway Clipper Fleet, PA [M]

Alternates

Kerry M. Bell, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] (Alt. to W. M. Carey)

Philip J. DiNenno, Hughes Assoc.. Inc., MD [SE] (Voting Alt. to HAl Rep.)

~ okse Hernandez, U.S. Navy - Military Sealift Command/Adantic, tel

(Ait. to D. P. Russell) Elmer Schmidt, President Casinos, Inc.. PA [M]

(Alt. to T. Wirginis) William L. Testa, Grinnell Fire Protection Systems Co. Inc., RI [M]

(Alt. to R. P. Fleming)

Staff Liaison: Guy 1L Colonna

This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifwations is found at the front of the book.

Committee Scope: This committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the protection of human life, property, and tile marine environment from fires aboard merchant vessels.

Tile Report of tile Technical Committee on Merchant Vessels is presented for adoption.

Tllis Report was prepared by tile Technical Committee on Merchant Vessels andproposes for adoption a new document, NFPA 301, Code for Safety to Life From Fire on Merchant Vessels

This Report has been submitted to letter ballot of file Technical Committee on Merchant Vessels, which consists of 27 voting members. Tile results of tile balloting, after circulation of any negative votes, can be found in tile report.

108

NFPA 301 ~ A98 ROC (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

(Log #38) 301- 1 - (Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines, Vessels, Deicing and Snow Mehing (New)): Reject SUBMITTER: Wayne A. Williams, Raychem MS 604/6580 R E C O M M E N D A T I O N : Add new text to read as follows:

"All fixed electric heating equipment installed on merchant vessels for heating pipelines and vessel as well as electric heating equipment installed for prevention of ice formation on floors, decks, doors, or hatches, shall comply with Articles 426, 427, and 500 of the National Electric Code (NEC - 1996. This equipment shall be listed for use by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory or other agency acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction, e.g., American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), or United States Coast Guard (USCG)." SUBSTANTIATION: Currently there are no specific regulations or guidelines for use ot" these types of equipment, specific to maritime vessels operating in the United States' waters. Manufactures of equipment suitable for these applications, certifying authorities, i.e., Underwriter's Laboratories, Factory Mutual have worked with NFPA to incorporate specific requirements for safety of these equipment in the National Electric Code. The specific requirements are covered in Articles 426, 427, and 500 of the NEC. New requirements for 1996 require the use of ground fault equipment protection for these systems. These requirements substantially reduce the risk of fires from high impedance ground faults that may not activate standard circuit protection, such as fuses or thermal circuit breakers.

This ,addition, will provide requirements that will raise the level of safety on merchant vessels to a level consistent with onshore practice in the USA. Further, it will reflect a consistent approach to the use of these equipment with marine application requirements in Europe, e.g., Det Norske Veritas (DNV) - Part 4 Chapter 4 (F800) 1994, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Administration (NVE) - Regulation for ElectJ'ical Installation - Maritime Installations (2121-2129) 1990, The Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) - Regulations for the Electrical and Electronic Equipment of Ships 1990 (16.16-16.23).

Finally, these requirements will address a recommendation made by the National Transportation Safety Board in its Marine Accident Report PB95-916402 NTSB/MAR-95/02. Page 54 states, Conclusions "7. A national marine s,afety standard for vessels of the safe use of heat tape is needed." COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Comnfittee Statement on Proposal 301-2 (Log# 39). NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE T O VOTE: 27 V O T E O N COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 21

NEGATIVE: 5 NOT RETURNED: 1 DORCHAK

EXPLANATION OF NEGATIVE: ANDRADES: I supl,ort Mr. Fleming's comments. DINENNO: I agree with the comments supl)orting Mr. Fleming's

negative vote, so I am also voting negative on the action for dais Proposal.

FLEMING: The committee action should be to accept in part since the proposed reference to Articles 426, 427 and 500 of the NEC is included in the committee action on 301-2. The committee needs to clarify why it rejected the other part of the proposal.

GOUDREAU: I support the comments of Mr. Fleming. RIDGEWAY: I support the comments of Mr. Fleming.

(Log #39) 301- 2 - (Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines, Vessels, Deicing and Snow Melting (New)): Accept in Principle in Part SUBMITTER: Wayne A. Willimns, Raychem MS 604/6580 RECOMMENDATION: Add new text to read as follows:

X.0 Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines, Vessels, Deicing and Snow Melting. All fixed electric heating equipment installed on merchant vessels for heating pipelines and vessels as well as electric heating equipment installed for prevention of ice formation on floors, decks, doors, or hatches, shall comply with Articles 426, 427, and 500 of the National Electric Code (NEt) - 1996. This equipment shall be listed for use by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory or other agency acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction, e.g., American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), or United States Coast Guard (USCG).

X.1 Special Applic~ttions. In addition to the requirements of the NEC the following shall apply.

X.I.1 Decks and Floors. Heating cables or panels may be installed in floors or decks provided they are encased in mortar, or concrete or installed in suitable conduits greater than 3/4 in. in diameter the conduits installation should meet the requirements of Articles 345, 346, and 351 as applicable. Other methods of atmdlment may be permitted when approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

X.1.2 Cold Storage and Freezer Doors. Heating cables installed for freeze protection on doors to cold storage and freezer rooms may not exceed 5 W/ft (16.4 W/m) of frame. The heating cables should be installed in closed ducts or similar made of or lined with, incombustible material.

Excepdon: Self-Regulating Cables - Self-regulating cables may exceed the prescribed load limit provided the surface temperature of the material being heated does not exceed 140°F (60°C).

X.1.3 Rails on Open Decks. Heating cables installed in rails on open decks shall not exceed 12 W/ft (40 W/m) of rail.

Exception: Self-Regulating Cables - Self-regulating cables may exceed the prescribed load limit provided the surface temperature of the material being heated does not exceed 140°F (60°C). SUBSTANTIATION: Currently there are no specific regulations or guidelines for use of these types of equipment, specific to maritime vessels operating in the United States' waters. Manufactures of equipment suitable for these applications, certifying authorities, i.e., Underwriter's Laboratories, Factory Mutual have worked widl NFPA to incorporate specific requirements for safety of these equipment in the National Electric Code. The specific requirements are covered in Articles 426, 427, and 500 of the NEC. New requirements for 1996 require the use of ground fault equipment protection for these systems. These requirements substantially reduce the risk of fires from high impedance ground faults that may not activate standard circuit protection, such as fuses or thermal circuit breakers.

This addidon will provide requirements that will raise the level of safety on merchant vessels to a level consistent with onshore practice in die USA. Further, it will reflect a consistent approach to the use of these equipment with marine application requirements in Europe, e.g., Det Norske Veritas (DNV) - Part 4 Chapter 4 (F800) 1994, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Administration (NVE) - Regulation for Electrical Installation - Maritime Installations (2121-2129) 1990, The Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE). Regulations for the Electrical and Electronic Eqnipment of Ships 1990 (16.16 - 16.23).

Finally, these reqnirements will address a recommendation made by the National Transportation Safety Board in its Marine Accident Report PB95-916402 NTSB/MAR-95/02. Page 54, states, Conclusions "7. A national marine safety standard for vessels of the safe use of heat tape is needed." COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle in Part.

Accept part of the first recommendation. Add new text to read as follows: 7-7 Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines, Vessels,

Deicing and Snow Melting. All fixed electric heating equipment installed on merchant vessels for heating pipelines and vessels as well as electric heating equipment installed for prevention of ice formation on floors, decks, doors, or hatches, shall comply with Articles 426, 427, and 500 of the National Electric Code (NEC) - 1996.

Reject the remainder of the recommendations submitted. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee recognizes the sigafificance of the electric heating tape issue as it has been detailed by the NTSB in a recent marine investigation reporL Reference to the appropriate NEC articles is sufficient.

The intent of the Committee is to reference the minimum acceptable standards, not to detail heating tape requirements. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE T O VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26

NOT RETURNED: 1 DORCHAK

(Log #8) 301- 3 - (Area of Refuge): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Area of Refilge: Weather Deck refilge areas are not "protectively bounded from fire and smoke," SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). See Paragraph 5-2.10.1.1(c) Exception No. 2 in NFPA 301. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee has accomplished what the submitter proposed in the proposed document. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE T O VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


109

NFPA 301 - - A98 R O E (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

(Log #6) 301- 4 - (Electrical and Control Spaces): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Definition of "electrical and control spaces" are spaces containing vital equipment and systems and should not be included with routine electrical eqmpment spaces. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). See 4-1.5 and 4-1.12. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee has accomplished what tl~e submitter proposed in the proposed document. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #7) 301- 5 - (Main Vertical Zone): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Additional description in second paragraph renders file term "mean length" in tile first paragraph meaningless. Also, there is no definition or discussion of Long Main Vertical Zone (LMVZ). Ref. NVIC 8-93. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: Main vertical zones are an antiquated concept that is arbitrarily based on every second main transverse watertight bulkhead. Main vertical zones are not required by NFPA 301. Horizontal exits provide a similar and more flexible design approach dmt is being used in dais document. See 5-1.2. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #1) 301- 6 - (1-2.1): Reject SUBMITrER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: What is intended by dae term "merchant vessel"? Is it anticipated that dais code will apply to all merchant vessels (e.g., ferries, tugboats, d inner cruise vessels, trawlers, f ishingboats)? SUBSTANTIATION: As a general comment, we agree daat 46 CFR does need updating, but we are concerned at the magnitude of the changes daat are being proposed. The rapid growdl in Casino vessel designs in tim past three years has highlighted dm fact tlaat some of file current regulations are not directly applicable to this type of vessel, (i.e. high density passenger vessels), but, on tile odaer band, it is foolish to impose new regulations on existing designs that have a proven excellent safety record.

The Code does not adequately define "merchant vessel", but if we assume dlat it encompasses casino boats, small subchapter "T" excursion boats, fishing vessels, ferries, supply boats, processors, tankers and tugs, we are looking at a fleet of several hundred boats dlat do not comply wida the new code. The majority of tllese vessels undergo major conversions during d~eir lifetime, but requiring them to comply with dais code, may put many of them out of business.

The Coast Guard have done an adequate job of regulating the safety of vessels by using dm existing regulations, and where necessary, supplementing dmse regulations wida Navigation mad Vessel Inspection Circulars, (NVIG's), Policy File Memorandums, (PFM's), and Marine Technical Notes, (MTN's). We are surprised daat very few of these documents have been incorporated into the new code, and in fact some of tile new code requirements are radically different from those established by die above publications. We underst,and dmt tim USCG are revising NVIC 6-80, which is the "Guide to Structural Fire Protection Aboard Merchant Vessels", and trust dmt dae new code requirements are being coordinated wida dais revised NVIC. COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: At present, dais st.andard applies to

~ assenger vessels, cargo vessels, tank vessels, and towing vessels. resently, NFPA 301 does not exclude odaer vessel types, but it also

does not directly include specific requirements for vessels oilier daan passenger, cargo, tanker or towing. Future editions of this standard may include specific provisions daat apply to odaer vessel types. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBEI~S ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #2) 301- 7 - (1-4.1, 1-4.2): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: 1-4.1 - Date for implementation for new vessels. Grandfathering requirements for existing vessels.

1-4.2 - Need definition of "major modification." Also time table for implementation. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: This standard is presently only intended to apply to new vessels. Implementation will be determined by dm authority having jurisdiction. See Chapter $ for definition of major modification. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #3) 301- 8 - (1-6.1): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Date for implementation for new vessels. Grandfatlaering requirements for existing vessels. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: This standard is presently only intended to apply to new vessels. Implementation will be determined by the authority having jurisdiction. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #4) 301- 9 - (2-8): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: After "existence of fire" add "and smoke." SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: Smoke is one of many products of combustion. This requirement, if modified as proposed could also include heat and toxic gases produced from combustion. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITI'EE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #5) 301- 10 - (4-1.2): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Duplication of definition in Chapter 3. Also, table duplicates Chapter 3. This also applies to paragraph 4-1.4, 1.5, and 1.6. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). COMMITI'EE STATEMENT: Tile Committee has accomplished what the submitter proposed in the proposed document by moving tile definitions in question. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITrEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #9) 301- 11 - (5-1.3.1(d)): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Unnecessarily prohibits piping penetrations in exit enclosures. Any fumetight pipingpenetrat ion conforming to A-class requirements should be allowed. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #GPI). See Paragraph 5-1.3.1 (d) Exception. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee has accomplished what the submitter proposed in the proposed document. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITrEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


110

NFPA 301 ~ A98 ROC (Reprinted from F97 ROP)

(Log #10) 301- 12 - (5-2.1.3.1): Accept in Principle SUBMITrER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Exception should be granted for doors from machinery spaces. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 501-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). Add a new exception to 1 2 - 2 . 2 . 2 a s follows:

I 12-2.2.2, Exception No. 2: Doors shall be permitted to be reduced to 700 mm (28 in.) in width. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The submitter did not provide a specific recommendation, but did point out the need to consider different door sizing requirements for engineering and machinery spaces. The Committee has accomplished what die submitter

r ~ e d in the proposed document. ER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27

VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26 NOT RETURNED: 1 DORCHAK

(Log #11) 301- 15 - (5-2.9): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perle & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: "Fire escape ladders" need to be defined with regard to their application onboard vessels. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Acticn on Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). See Paragraph 5-2.8. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee has accomplished what the submitter proposed in the proposed document. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #12) 301- 14 - (5-2.11.3.1): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex I.,oudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Weather decks should be included as acceptable "areas of refuge." SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 501-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Action on Proposal 301-40 (Log #CPI). See 5-2.10.I.I(c) Exception No. 2 in NFPA 501. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee has accomplished what the submitter proposed in the proposed document. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #15) 301- 15 - (5-8, 5-8.1): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: 5-8 Illumination of means of egress.

5-8.1 General illumination levels and fixtures must meet the requirements of 46 CFR, SubchapterJ, Electrical Engineering, and IES RP-12, Recommended Practice for Marine Lighting.

Paragraphs 5-8.1 through 8-2.2 should be deleted. This publication should not attempt to duplicate existing lighting or power requirements, but should simply state when special reqmrements are necessary and not addressed in die existing regulations. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: 46 CFR SubchapterJ contains fundamental requirements, but lacks die specificity contained in Section 5-8. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBEKS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #14) 301- 16 - (5-9): Reject SUBMITFER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Emergency Lighting

Illumination of means of egress. General illumination levels and fixtures must meet the

requirements of 46 CFR, Subchapter J, Electrical Engineering, and IES RP-12, Recommended Practice for Marine Lighting.

Paragraphs 5-8.1 through 8-2.2 should be deleted. This publication should not attempt to duplicate existing lighting or power requirements, but should simply state when special requirements are necessary and not addressed in die existing regulations. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 501-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: 46 CFR SubchapterJ contains fundamental requirements, but lacks the specificity contained in Section 5-8. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMrIq'EE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #15) 301- 17- (5-10.3.5): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Sentence should read:

"Every sign required to be illuminated by 5-10.3 shall be continuously illuminated :z rcqu~rcd u=dcr d~c prv:%~c.a: ~f Secdc.r. 5 ~. and powered from an emergency light source. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITrEE STATEMENT: It is not the intent of 5-10.3.5 to require emergency lighting of exit signs. Reference to 5-8 requires tllat die lighting of exit signs be continuous and will not be rendered ineffective by file failure of a single bulb, etc. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #16) 301- 18 - (5-10.3.6): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Paragraph should read:

"Where emergency lighting facilities are required app~!~-.~!e F.rc'.'!=!c.~-= cf C!:.~.~ter: **?** forindividual occupanciesr

.~c.".!t'cz. . .;c die level of illumination of the exit signs shall be at die levels provided in accordance with 5-10.3.2 or 5-10.3.3 for die required emergency lighting time durationzz zFcc'.qcd ir~ 5 9.2.1, but shall be permitted to decline to 60 percent of the illumination level at die end of the emergency lighting time duration." SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITI'EE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee believes that where emergency lighting is required, the exit signs should also be capable of operation in the event of primary power failure. The changes proposed would remove the requirement that exit signage be capable of emergency operation. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #17) 301- 19 - (7-1.3.3, Exception No. 1): Accept in Principle in Part SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Sentence should read:

"The installation of all wiring, cable, and equipment shall be in accordance with ~t^~.--~ o . . . . . . e . . . . . . e . . . . . . ,v *** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 CFR SubchapterJ - Electrical Engineering, and IEEE Standard 45.

Exception - The first sentence of paragraph should read: WLcr: tl~c firc dctcctlc.z, z)~tcm d3c~ n.~t include a mca.'~= c.f

r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h,l : a . . . . . . . ~n,;c..:~l...e, C-".:!: detecter :ndl;~.du~!) ", . . . . ~ - No zone may cover more than one deck w'flz'r. :=ccm..~c~.~dcn, =e.-~.~.=c :.r:.5 con=re! z:.t::~.'-cnz in each MVZ.

111

NFPA 301 ~ A98 R O C (Reprinted from F97 ROP)

SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle in Part.

The reference to 46 CFR Subchapter 6 and IEEE has been included in 7-1.$.3. See Commit tee Action on Proposal 301-40 (Lo~ #CP1). See paragraph 7-6.

Reject the wording change to die Exception. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: Paragrap_h 7-6 in die proposed documen t contains a reference to 46 CFR SubchapterJ . The Commit tee has accomplished what the submltter p roposed in the proposed document .

The o ther proposed change was rejected because die Exception has been deleted and because die term Main vertical zones was used and it is no longer in dais document . NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #34) 301- 20 - (7-2.1.1): Accept SUBMITTER: Morgan J. Hurley, U.S. Dept. o f Transportat ion

[ RECOMMENDATION: Replace reference to NFPA 11A widl 46 I CFR 76.17. Delete reference to NFPA 16.

SUBSTANTIATION: NFPA l l A and 16, in their present forms, are not suitable for marine application. Concerns such as piping corrosion from raw water exposure and tile unique nature of marine power supplies (NFPA 70 is no t totally applicable to shipboard power distribution systems) are not considered. While it is possible to put NFPA I I A and 16 into suitable formats, documents such as NFPA 13 and 750 took significant effort to put into a format applicable to marine installations. It is not reasonable to expect a user o f NFPA 301 to de termine d~e modifications needed to a referenced doct lment for p roper marine use. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBEI~S ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #35) 301- 21 - (7-2.1.3): Accept SUBMITTER: Morgan J. Hurley, U.S. Dept. of Transportat ion RECOMMENDATION: Replace reference to NFPA 20 with 46 CFR 56.50. SUBSTANTIATION: NFPA 20, in its present form, is not suitable for marine application. Concerns such as piping corrosion f rom raw water exposure and the unique nature of marine power supplies (NFPA 70 is no t totally applicable to shipboard power distribution systems) are no t considered. While it is possible to put NFPA 20 into a suitable format, documents such as NFPA 13 and 750 took significant effort to put into a format applicable to marine installations. It is no t reasonable to expect a user of NFPA 301 to de te rmine tile modifications needed to a referenced d o c u m e n t for proper marine use. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE A ( ~ I O N : AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #18) 301- 22 - (%2.3.2.1, Exception No. 2): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: 75 psi is too much, nozzle pressure should be 50psl.

For a 7 /8 in. d iameter nozzle orifice as required for over 1500 gross tons (Ref. 46 CFR 95.10-10 for Czugo & Misc. Vessels and 46 CFR 76.10-10 for Passenger Vessels) nozzle reaction force is 90 Ibs. Exception 1 of %2.3.2.2 indicates dmt nozzle reaction should not exceed 80 Ibs.

The requirement , in Exception No. 3~ dlat fire pumps service die fire main only will not result in improved safety. Indeed, the more dependable pump is the one which is used frequently.

The requi rement in Exception No. 1 dmt fire pump capacity be at l e ~ t 100 GPM is no t consistent with the use of 3 /4 in. hose described in Exception No. 4 for vessels under 65 feet in length.

We note that where two - I 1/2 in. outlets are used instead of a single 2-1/2 in. oudet, two lmses would be required to be connected. This is in excess of USCG regulations (46 CFR 76.10-

10(b) and 46 CFR 95.10-10(b)] that only one hose is required at each fire station.

In Exception No. 6, we note a requi rement for spare nozzles. Is there any evidence that nozzles break or wear out? SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Commit tee Action on Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). See paragraph 7-2.15.1. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Commit tee has accomplished what the submitter proposed in file p roposed document . NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERSELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #19) 301- 23 - (%2.5.7.2.1): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Pressure tests should be in accordance with USCG Requirements described in 46 CFR 56.97-30 that is at least 1.5 times the maximum allowable working pressure. Also, last word in last sentence should be "drainage" not "damage." SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Commit tee Action on Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1), paragraph %2.5. The documen t no longer contains the requirements the submit ter is addressing. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #20) 301- 24- (%2.6.2.4): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: In general, reference to NFPA Standards is suitable for manufactured components which are unique to fire protection, but are applied to a variety of sites; such as cylinders, discharge valves, nozzles, etc. Requirements for generic materials such ,as pipe and fittings should be referenced to Marine Standards such as 46 CFR or ASTM, Standard 1155-88, or should be incorporated into the Code. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1)o COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Action on Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1), paragraph 7-2.6. The referenced NFPA standards do contain relevant marine specific requirements . NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #21) 301- 25 - (7-2.6.3.10 Exception): Accept SUBMITrER: Alex London, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: All systems should have alarms. Additionally, where the CO 2 alarm for an automatically actuated system is not audible from tile pilot house or a normally occupied engineer ing space, an audible alarm should be included in the

~ ilot house or engineer 's operat ing station. Such an alarm could e battery-powered and included in tile ship's machinery alarm

system or fire alarm system. SUBSTANTIATION: Sanle substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Commit tee Action on Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1), paragraph 7-2.7. NFPA 12 requires an alarm. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #22) 301- 26- (Table %2.10.4.5): Reject SUBMITTER: Alex London, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: In the table, it should be clarified flaat where multiple types are listed for each class of space, that the

112

NFPA 301 - - A98 ROC (Reprinted from F97 ROP)

various types are "or" options and not a requirement to have all of the various types in each space. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). - COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The table has been removed from the standard, so it is not possible to accomplish what has been

r l ~ s ~ d . See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). R OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27

VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVF~ 25 NOT RETURNED: l DORCHAK

(Log #23) 301- 27 - (7-3.1.2.5.5): Accept in Prindple SUBMITTER: Alex London, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Where is "Group 1" defined? SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 301-40 (LOg #CP1). The term has been deleted, so it does not need to be defined. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIV~ 26


(Log #24) 301- 28 - (7-3.1.2.6.1): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Peria & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Recommend that line size should be specified by diameter and not circumference. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITIT~ ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Proposal ~01-40 (Log #CP1). COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The requirement for life lines has been deleted. The Committee has accomplished what the submitter proposed in the proposed document. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #25) 301- 29 - (7-3,1,2.9,5): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: This section is not related to "$CBA Compressed Air Recharging System."

Quantities appear to be excessive. Is there any evidence that quantifies described in existing USCG regulations are not sufficient? Where quantities are related to number of crew, the criteria should be "required crew" so that a vessel operator is not penalized for providing manning in excess of minimum requirements. Also, such a crew count should not include maids, food servers, gaming dealers, gift shop workers, etc., only "marine crew". SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). C O ~ ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). See %3.2.1. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The requirements for recharging of breaddug apparatus cylinders has been revised and accomplishes die intent of the submitter. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITIT~ ACTION: AFFIRMATIVF_~ 26


(Log #26) 301- 30 - (7-.~.1.2.9.6): Accept in Principle SUBMITrER: Alex London, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Very little of this section is related to "SCBA Compressed Air Recharging System." SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation ~ Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). See paragraph 7-3.2.1.

COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Statement for Proropososal 301-21 (Log#25). NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITIT, E ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #27) 301- 31 - (7-4.3): Accept SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Table for duct sheet metal dfickness is nice, but not related to fire safety. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). Table Ires been deleted, as suggested by the submitter. NUMBER OF COMMITIT~ MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITIT, E ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #'28) 301- 32 -~ (7-4.5): Accept in Principle SUBMITrER: Alex Loudon, Guido Peria & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Is rids generally al)plicable to electric heaters only and not steam or hot water umt heaters? SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITrEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

Add exception to 7-4.4 to read: Exception: Interlocks shall not be required on water and steam

duct heaters. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: This paragraph applies to all duct, portable, and bulkhead mounted heaters. No specific wording was proposed, but this should satisfy the intent of the submitter. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #37) 301- 33 - (7-4.7.$): Accept SUBMITTER: Morgan J . Hurley, U.S. Dept. of Transportation

[ RECOMMENDATION: Delete paragraph and table. SUBSTANTIATION: This paragraph does not concern fire protection, and is therefore outside of the document scope. COMMI'I'IT~ ACTION: Accept. COMMITrEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). NUMBER OF COMMITI'EE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIV~ ')6

NOT RETURNED: 1 DORCHAg

(Log #29) 301- 34 - (7-4.7.13): Reject SUBMrITER: Alex Loudon, Guido Peria & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Fourth line: "6 air charges/hr" should be "6 air changes/hr" SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CP1). Section deleted, m proposed change is not applicable. NUMBER OF COMMIIWEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTI~ 27 VOTE ON COMMrVFEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE~ 26


(Log #30) SOL $5 - (74.7.15): Reject SUBMITIT_,R: Alex Loudon, Guido Peda & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: Air vdocity limit is not related to fire safety.

Dimensions of the duct described have no relationship to "any other system duct."

113

NFPA 301 - - A 9 8 ROC (Reprinted from F97 ROP)

SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation ,as Proposal $01-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CPI). Paragraph has been deleted so proposed change is not applicable. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE A c r I O N : AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #31) 301- 36 - (7-4.7.18): Accept in Principle in Part SUBMITTER= Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: A "hospital" on a ship (except a "hospital ship") is not a 'qlealdl care facility" as intended by NFPA 99. It is just a suitably located c.abin with stretdler access and a ~rivate toilet, and for fire safety purposes should be treated simdar to other passenger spaces. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal $01-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle in Part. See Committee Proposal $01-40 (Log #CP1). Accept the concept that medical and health care spaces (bospital space) are treated like accommodation spaces in the cargo and tank vessel chapter. See Calapter 18.

Reject proposed change that would include die above approach for all vessels, i.e., passenger vessels. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: Tile Committee agreed with die submitter for the cargo and tank vessel application, but not for all vessels. On [sassenger vessels hospitals may not be tile only space in which limited mobility or dependent mobility individuals are present (for example, elderly and children).

NFPA 99 only contains supplementary requirements that are applicable for patient anesthetizing locations. If no patient anesthetizing locations exist, there will be no supplementary requirements. NUMBER OF COMMrlTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #32) 301- 37 - (7-4.7.21 through 7-4.7.24): Accept SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Asso~, Inc.

I RECOMMENDATION: Not related to fire safety. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CPI) and Proposal 301-33 (Log #37) which deleted die requirements as suggested by the submitter. NUMBER OF COMMITTEEMEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26

NOT RETURNED: I DORCHAK

(Log #33) 301- 38 - (7-5): Accept SUBMITTER: Alex Loudon, Guido Perla & Assoc., Inc. RECOMMENDATION: This repeats 7-4.7.16. SUBSTANTIATION: Same substantiation as Proposal 301-6 (Log #1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal $01-40 (Log #CP1). Paragraph 7-5 has been deleted. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #36) 301- 39 - (7-6): Reject SUBMITTER: Morgan J. Hurley, U.S. Dept. of Transportation RECOMMENDATION: Replace reference to NFPA 82 with IMO MEPC.59 (33) SUBSTANTIATION: NFPA 82, in its present form, is not suitable for marine application. Concerns such as slfip construction (NFPA 82 calls for brick lined chimneys) and die unique nature of marine power supplies (NFPA 70 is not totally applicable to shipboard power distribution systems) are not considered. While

114

it is possible to p u t NFPA 82 into a suitable format, documents such as NFPA 13and 750 took installations. It is not reasonable to expect a user of NFPA 301 to determine the modifications needed to a referenced document for proper marine use. COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 301-40 (Log #CPI). The section with tile reference to NFPA 82 has already been deleted so it is not possible to do what die submitter

ER OF COMMITrEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 97 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 26


(Log #CPI) 301- 40 - (Entire Document): Accept SURMITTER: Technical Committee on Merchant Vessels RECOMMENDATION: Adopt a new document, NFPA 301, Code for Safety to Life from Fire on Merchant Vessels. SUBSTANTIATION: In 1993, the Coast Guard approached the NFPA Standards Council with a request to form a new committee which would develop a consensus standard on fire protection of merchant vessels, similar in format to the Life Safety Code. The basis for this request was a Coast Guard initiative known as "Maritime Regulatory Reform". One aspect of Maritime Regulatory Reform involves greater use of industry standards in lieu of detailed design requirements contained in file Code of Federal Regulations.

The initial approadl advocated by file Coast Guard was to develop a standard which was applicable to passenger vessels only, and add requirements for different vessel types in future editions. However, the committee agreed that it would not take much more effort to draft a standard which was applicable to passenger vessels, cargo vessels, and tank vessels. Towing vessels were added to fl~is list in anticipation of a federal law mandating fire protection upgrades. Other vessel types might be added in future editions.

By shifting development and maintenance of regulations to standards making organizations, the regulators (in tills case tile Coast Guard) are assured of dynamic standards which are regularly updated. The regulated community benefits by increased input into the rules they would subsequently follow.

Similar efforts have either been completed or are underway to add marine specific criteria into existing fire protection system standards, including antomatic sprinklers (NFPA 13), water mist (NFPA 750), carbon dioxide (NFPA 12), foam (NFPA 11), and portable extinguishers (NFPA 10). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 18

NEGATIVE: 8 NOT RETURNED: 1 DORCHAK

EXPLANATION OF NEGATIVE: ANDRADES: Based upon die comments of Mr. Chandler and

Mr. Fleming I vote negative on this proposal. CHANDLER: General Comment. NFPA 301 does not offer an

acceptable level of fire protection on board merchant vessels. Current regulations, via U.S. Coast Guard requirement and SOl_AS recommendations, result in marine constructions which are much safer vessels in regards to fire protection.

NFPA 301 must not provide a lower level of fire protection safety dlan currently exists in the maritime industry;, tile public deserves the highest level of fire protection our current technology can economically provide.

This document as written needs additional review and revisions before being distributed to other members of NFPA for review.

Specific: Topic - Interior finishes. Comment 1. Requirements for interior finish are stated in

paragraph 6-$.3. An exception was added at tile last committee meeting to paragraph 6-3.3.1. "Exception: Materials that do not exceed 2 mm (0.075 in) in thickness."

If this exception is allowed, interior finishes would have no fire protection requirements because the vast majority of all marine finishes are less than 2 mm thick. Removing the performance criteria as stated in paragraph 6-3.3.1 or 6-3.3.2 by applying this exception is no t acceptable. Therefore, I recommend deleting the exception to paragraph 6-3.3.1.

Comment 2. Paragraph 5-1.4. Interior finish in exits shall meet 6-5.3.1. Paragraph 6-5.3.1 does not exist; paragraph 6-3.3 is the proper reference.

Comment 3. Paragraph 10-3.1 Interior finish shall comply wifll 6-5. Paragraph 6-5.$.1 does not exist; paragraph 6-$.3 is die proper reference.

Cominent 4. Paragraph 11-3.1 Interior finish shall comply wld~


6-5. Paragraph 6-5.3.1 does no t exist; paragraph 6-3.3 is the proper reference.

Com m e n t 5. Paragraph 13-3.1 Interior finish shall comply with 6-5. Paragraph 6,-5.3,1 does no t exist; paragraph 6--3.3 is the proper reference.

Comment 6. Paragraph 18-3 Protection makes no general reference to interior finishes. I r e c o m m e n d adding a paragraph unde r 18-3 which states: Interior finishes in all accommodat ion spaces shall comply with paragraph 6-3.3.

Comment 7. Paragraph 19-4.2.1 sets the criteria for interior finish of Group I, II, and III p:~senger vessels at an unacceptable level o f protection. Passenger vessels constitute one of the highest levels of risk for the public, and the fire protect ion guidelines should so reflect. Therefore, | r e c o m m e n d delet ing paragraph 19-4.2.1 and r%place with: Interior finishes shall comply widl paragraph 6-3.3.

1 o p i c - Furnishings. Comment 8. The fire protect ion community has known for years

the importance of tlae contents of a space in regards to fire protection. Regulations currently exist as to the performance of fumislfings in a fire scenario and to the amount of combustibles which are allowed per unit area on a merchan t vessel. NFPA 301 should clearly state the current policy regarding furnishings. If the regtJlations that are in use today are in error, then tiae commit tee should make corrections.

Comment 9. Paragraph 19-15.12.4 makes reference to section 8- 3.4 wlfich does no t exist in tile document .

Comment 10. Paragraph 19-15 is not referenced as a section to which any group of passenger vessels must comply, see paragraph 19-1.1.1. I r ecommend fl~e commit tee review this subject area and revise the doc um e n t as appropriate.

Topic - Com m e n t 11. Smokeproof enclosures are not used in marine construction. A consensus does not exist with the marine community as to how to control the ventilation requirements in the event of a fire. It may be impossible economically to have a smokeproof enclosure on a merchan t vessel.

I r e commend de ledng any reference to the construction or use of a smokeproof enclosure on a merchan t vessel.

DINENNO: Based upon the comments of Mr. Chandler and Mr. Fleming I vote negative on this Proposal.

FLEMING: Section 2-1 states that a fundamental requi rement of the code is to provide for 100 percent serf-sufficiency in extinguishing or controll ing fires, protect ing lives and property.

However, section 7-2.15, in combinat ion with the limited requirements for fire protect ion systems and equipment , appear, inadequate to fulfill this goal.

There are insufficient requirements for automatic sprinkler or mist systems. The much-referenced SOLAS agreement has, since 1994, mandated such systems in accommodat ions and service spaces for ,all new international vessels carrying more than 36 passengers. All such existing vessels must be retrofit ted on a schedule from 1997 to 2005. For NFPA 301 to provide for a level o f s,afety less than the minimum international s tandard makes the entire document of questionable value and a possible embarrassment to the NFPA.

Ships are much like high-rise buildings, since they cannot be readily evacuated and they pose serious challenges to conventional fire fighting techniques. NFPA 101 requires automatic suppression systems in high-rise buildings, and NFPA 301 should do the same.

GOUDREAU: Based upon the comments of Mr. Chandler and Mr. Fleming I vote negative on this Proposal.

H U G H E S : I believe that our original goal was to provide a higher level of fire protection mad life safety for ships than is currently provided in US Coast Guard regulations, SOI.AS agreements or elsewhere. Task Group I proposed that the basic protect ion requi rement be complete automatic sprinkler protection, perhaps with cost reduction provisions for finishes and furnishing. Sprinkler protection, in general, did not survive and I believe that NFPA 301, as it exists now, will not provide as high a level of protect ion as required in other standards.

KUNG: Based upon Mr. Chandler ' s C ommen t 1 and Commen t 7, l vote negative on dais Proposal.

RIDGEWAY: Based upon the comments of Mr. Chandler and Mr. Fleming I vote negative on this Proposal. COMMENT ON AFFIRMATIVE:

GENTILE: 1 believe dais documen t still needs work, however, I believe it is in the best interest of the marine industry to submit tiffs Proposal for Public Comment .

S H A H : I have reviewed Mr. Chandler 's comments and I agree that the commit tee (task group) should review the topics of interior finishes and fi, rnishings and make appropriate corrections.

115


NFPA 301

Code for Safety to Life from Fire

on Merchant Vessels

1998 Edition

NOTICE: An asterisk (*) following the number or letter designating a paragraph indicates that explanatory material on die paragraph can be found in Appendix A.

Chapter 1" Administration

1-1 Title. NFPA 301, Code for Safe~. to Life from Fire on Merchant Vessels, shall be known as the Merchant Vessel Code and is referred to herein as "dfis code" or "the code."

1-2 Purpose.

1-2.1 Tile purpose of this code is to provide minimum requirements, with due regard to fimctlon, for die design, operation, and maintenance of merchant vessels for safety to life

1-4.3 Any alteration or any installation of new equipment, joinery, or furnishings shall comply with the requirements for new construction.

14.4 Where specific requirements contained in Chapters 8 through 16 differ from general requirements contained in Chapters 1 through 7, the requirements of Chapters 8 through 16 shall govern. Where die requirements in Chapters 17 through 19 differ from the requirements in Ciaapters 1 through 16, the requirements in Chapters 17 through 19 shall govern.

14.5 Provisions in Excess of Code Requirements. Nothing in this code shall be construed to prohibit additional means of egress, or otherwise safer means of egress fllan those specified by the minimum requirements of this code.

1-5 Equivalency Concepts.

1-5.1 Nothing in dais code is intended to prevent the use of systems, methods, or devices of equivalent or superior quality, strength, fire resistance, durability, and safety as alternatives to those prescribed in dais code. (See Appendix B.)

1-5,2 The specific requirements of dais code shall be permitted to be modified by the authority having jurisdiction to allow alternative

from fire and similar emergencies, arrangements dlat will secure as nearly equivalent safety to life from fire as practicable, ~.ut in no case shall the modification afford less

1-2.2 As related to fire safety, the objective of this code is to protect safety to life than~-. . .which, in the judgment of the authority tile passengers and crew from loss of life. It is also intended that h a v i n g j u r i s d i c ~ i , ~//5"iild be provided by compliance with die the code will provide for minimum loss of property and minimum cor respond i~ i~)~ i s ions contained in dais code. impact on the environment . . . . ..:i:'~.:~" "-'-:'~,::':':.~::~

1".~ V e.~..~i.-..with'~.~ative fire protection features accepted by 1-2.3 The level of safety is aclfieved by the combination of design, die atL~."i/~:v."'~i~ving j~s~l lq#on shall be considered as conforming prevention, protection, egress, and oflaer features enumerated in witl~.:.~t~'~ C da~4L ~ s - die individual vessel occupancy classification with due regard to the ~:.~i~ii~ ::.:ii-i .... 4 -:~ capabilities and reliability of die features involved. Recognition is 4~ii~i~es$~ii~gnstruction, Repair, and Alteration. given to human factors and to tile need for crew training and "::~!!-'%--::i:'-'::'" "'::;:" passenger instruction. 1 - 6 . 1 * ' ~ e l s built or converted to meet this code shall comply

-:~.~!::.:... with all 6~..:~p;rovisions of the code. 1-2.4 The code endeavors to avoid requirements that might involve ~ii~!~-.-.::.-::.~. "~ig'" unreasonable hardships or unnecessary inconvenience or "% "':::::.~'~!::..~..ha~'~es in Service. In any vessel, whether necessitating a interference with the normal use of a vessel, but provides minimum "% . ~ i i - ~ l t e r a t i o n or not, a change in service from one use to requirements for fire safety consistent with die public inter~:.~-?..,:, : ~ f i f i ao t l~ shall be permitted only if such vessel, or portion daereof,

..~.":'?:'x'~i~iiii.-:.."i i. '%conforms with die requirements of this code applying to new 1-3 Scope. ..:.#~.:.."ii)':[ "~!ii": ,. ":~i~#struction for die proposed new use.

1-3.1 This code addresses the protection of human " f i f e i~~ i~? ! :~ i i i iY" l -6 .3 Vessels or portions of vessels shall be permitted to be and the marine environment from fires aboard .m...e.Ldmnt ~ l . s . ":*-:~'~" occupied during conversion, repair, alterations, or additions only if

.-::~."-'-~:'~""-:~-::"{~.'.:::,. "~'i'i~i!i~-'., ..-, all means of egress and all fire protection features are in place and 1-3.2 The code addresses those constrnctio....ffi':":'~xrran'~t, "~;~:" continuously maintained for the portion occupied. protection, and space utilization factors ~.*.:~sary to rfi~J~alze..~i# s" danger to life from fire, smoke, fumes, 6~: ~ c : It also :~vid~es 1-7 Maintenance. for reasonable protection against property d ~ i ~ e and a~icLance of environmental damage consistent with die n ' ~ l op.:.~ation of 1-7.1 Whenever or wherever any device, equipment, system, vessels. %.:'.-%:i:.',~::" condition, arrangement, level of protection, or any other feature is

%ii~:" required for compliance wid~ the provisions of fltis code, such 1-3.5 The code identifies die minimum criteria fof~'/he design of device, equipmenL system, condition, arrangement, level of egress facilities so as to permit prompt escape of passengers and protection, or other feature shall thereafter be permanendy crew to safe areas aboard vessels ,and, where necessary, to lifeboat embarkation stations.

1-3.4 The code recognizes that life safety is more than a matter of egress and, accordingly, deals with other considerations that are essential to life safety. It also recognizes the unique operating environment of merchant vessels and the relationslfips.among life safety, property protection, mad environmental protecnon and deals with these accordingly.

I-3.5 Where permanently moored and occupied as buildings, merchant vessels shall be treated as buildings and shall be subject to the provisions of appropriate building codes and standards as specified by the local authority havingjurisdictlon.

I-4 Application.

14.1 This code applies to new constrnction merchant vessels and is recommended for application to existing vessels. The code applies to all vessels except pleasure craft, which are covered by NFPA 302, Fire Protection StaTwlard for Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft, and war ships.

14.2 Existing vessels undergoing major modification or conversion shall comply with all requirements of tiffs code within die areas being modified and ancillary sltpport systems.

maintained unless the code exempts such maintenance.

1-7.2 Additional approved llfe safety features such as, but not limited to, automatic sprinklers, fire alarm systems, standpipes, and horizontal exits, if not required by die code, shall be permanently maintained or removed.

Chapter 2 Fundamental Requirements

2-1 Fundamentals. Tile following are requirements intended to be met in applying dais code:

(a) Limit fire to the space and deck of origin (b) Provide for 100 percent sdf-sufliciency in extinguishing or

controlling fres, protecting lives, and protecting property (c) Prevent pollution of the marine environment from fuels,

lubricants, cargo, and extinguishing agents (d) Provide protected escape routes for egress from the space of

origin (e) Provide areas of refilge (f) Avoid obstruction of maritime commerce (g) Provide for rapid improvement of requirements as marine

and fire protection technology advances (11) Recognize the role of fire-fighting training of crew (i) Use performance requirements wherever possible

116

NFPA 301 ~ A98 R O C (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

(j) Provide for adequate inspection, maintenance, and housekeeping requirements

2-2 Every vessel shall be provided with means of egress and other safeguards sufficient to provide a reasonable degree of safety for passengers and crew. The design of means of egress and other safeguards shall be such that reliance for safety to life will not depend solely on any single safeguard; additional safeguards shall be provided for life safety in case any single safeguard is ineffective due to human or mechanical failure.

2-3 Every vessel shall be constructed, arranged, equipped, maintained, and operated to avoid undue d,'mger to the lives and safety of its passengers and crew from fire, smoke, fi, mes, or resulting panic during the period of time reasonably necessary to defend in place or for that per iod of time needed to abandon ship.

2-4 Every vessel shall be provided with means of egress and other safeguards of kinds, numbers, locations, and capacities appropriate to the individual vessel with due regard to the vessel service, the capabilities of the passengers and crew, die number of persons exposed, the fire protection available, die type of construction of die vessel, and o ther factors necessary to provide all passengers and crew with a reasonable degree of safety.

2-5 In every vessel, means of egress shall be arranged and maintained to provide free and unobstructed egress from all parts of die vessel at all times when it is occupied. No lock or fastening shall be installed to prevent free escape from the vessel.

Exception: Security area.~: on gaming vessels.

2-6 Every exit shall be clearly visible, or file route to reach every

A-Class Division. See 6-2.3.2.1.

A-Class Door. See 6-2.3.3.1.

Accommodat ion Area, A group of accommodat ion spaces and in terconnect ing corridors or spaces.

Accommodat ion Spaces. See 4-1.2 or 8-1.

Area o f refuge. See 5-1.2.

Atrium. A continuous deck opening connect ing dlree or more deck levels within an accommodat ion space that is covered at the top of die series of openings and is used for purposes other than an enclosed stairway, elevator hoistway, escalator opening, or a utility trunk for pipe, cable, or ductwork.

Authority Having Jurisdiction. * The organization, office, or individual responsible for approving equipment , an installation, or a procedure.

Balcony.* Area dlat projects f rom die surface of the bulkhead,

B-Class Division. See 6-2.3.2.2.

B-Class Door. See .6.-2.3.3.2.

Bulkhead. A ~ - - ~ r u c t u r e constructed between die deck and overhead d i n g i e s t - - d i e vessel interior into spaces.

Bulkhea.d ~ e l . " :~i~.mponent of a division or bulkhead. B u l k h . . ~ " ~ l s a r e " i ~ ..t~gether with jo ine r components to forn~..-i:R'bu l l~l~i:ad. ":~'..::* exit shall be conspicuously indicated in such a manner that every

occupant of every vessel will readily "know the direction of escape ::.~iiii!ii~ %:. 4ii "~:~ from any point. Each means of egress, in its entirety, shall be "~.~" ~.'[.~.S ~ i o n . See 6-2.3.2.3. arranged or marked sG that die way to a place of safety is indicated " '::~.:.::~.~:#:' %: in a clear manner . Any doorway or passageway that is not an exit C ' - C l ~ . j . v i s i o n . See 6-2.3.2.3 (b). or a way to reach an exit, but is capal:)le of being confused with an .~!~!~:: .... ============================== exit, shall be arranged or marked to prevent confi,sion with ::~iiiii::~::i~:.$i!!~!:~.Cla.ss D ~ : A door installation in a C-Class division. The door acceptable exits. Everat effort shall be taken to avoid occupants ".~:. ':"::~|~:~;:ih~ ~0.i]structed of an approved noncombust ible material. mistakenly traveling into dead-end spaces in a fire emergency. "% ..:#-"::':':':6"ii~::?:iii¢":"

..:.:::::'~:~::::.:, ::ii::i:#::Carg~': A product that is t ransported for trade and not used for 2-7 Where ,artificial illumination is required, egress facili:.~"'~:.{~{~t %:.the vessel's operation. be included in the lighting design in an adequate and ~.'~|]able "~ ':~?::-.~.:~.'? manner . - ....:.:i%?:!':, ~.:-'-:.::-:-:~::.-:,...'.'~: :~ii:i~argo Hold. Cargo spaces containing o ther than bulk liquid

"~" ":::'~..:.%.:.-.:;-"-:::"'"':'~ "cargo. 2-8 In every vessel of such size, arrangement , or .s..e...~..'ce st;~."i~.t.at a '::-%'~" fire itself might no t provide adequate o c c u p a . r , . ~ firt:-~..~.r:.m::::. Cargo Space. See 4-1.8. facilities shall be provided where necessary t,~::~varn ~ . i ~ , e x i s t ~ f ~ : of fire. ....:?i::!~i:, %!i~!~!~ ,:{ii:::" Ceiling. A horizontal division within a space for die purpose of

":-:"':"'%1!~i!!!::, "~iiiii~ii "" decoration, acoustics, or fire protection. - - 2-9 Two means of egress, as a minimum, sh~l::ii~..provid ~'.e~. in every area where size, occupancy, mid ar rangement d ~ g e r . . : ~ t s s e n g e r s Central Control Station. A control station in which fire and safety and crew at tempting to use a single means of egr~i~.~-l-~{ is blocked control and indicator functions are centralized. by fire or smoke. The two means of egress shall b ~ a n g e d to minimize die possibility that both might be r ende r~ i impassable by Combustible Material.* A material that is not noncombust ible . the same emergency condition.

2-10 Every designated verdcal egress opening between decks of a vessel shall be suitably enclosed or protected to afford reasonable safety to passengers and crew wbile using a means of egress and to prevent spread of fire, smoke, or t i m e s through vertical openings from deck to deck betore occupants have entered exits.

2-11 Compliance with this code shall no t be construed as eliminating or reducing die necessity for oilier provisions for safety of persons in a vessel under normal service conditions.

Chapter 3 Definitions

3-1 General.

3-1.1 The following terms, for the purposes of this code, sh,'dl have the meanings given in diis chapter, if not otherwise modified for a specific occupancy.

3-1.2 Words used in die present tense include the future; words used in die masculine gender include the feminine and neuter; tile singnlar number includes die plural and the plural die singular.

3-1.3 Where terms ,are not defined in this chapter, dley shall have their ordinarily accepted meanings or such ,as the context implies. 3-2 Definitions.

Common Path of Travel. See 5-1.2.

Continuous B-Class Ceiling. A B-Class ceiling that terminates only in an A- or B-Class bulkhead.

Dead-End Corridor. A passageway, or port ion thereof, f rom whicll there is only one means of egress.

Deck. A horizontal division in a vessel's structure.

Deck Covering, Materials applied to die top of a deck as a finishing or leveling surface. See 6-5.4.

Draft Stop, A division or "curtain" installed vertically between die ceiling or lining and the vessel's structure. The purpose of a draft stop is to prevent the spread of fire or smoke within concealed spaces.

Electrical and Control Spaces. Electrical and control spaces are those used for the control and managemen t of routine and emergency vessel operations. See 4-1.5 or II-1.

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N F P A 301 I A98 R O C (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

Electrical and control spaces include the following:

Radio /commu nications Machinery control (not in die

machiner 7" space) Electrical power/switchboard

spaces

Embarkation Area. See 5-1.2.

Navigation/bridge , Central danlage control or fire

protection s~tems control Emergency generator room

Engineering and Machinery Space. Engineering and machinery spaces, including trunks and ducts, are those containing machinery used to support propulsion, power generation, heating and ventilation, and other auxiliary systems. Examples of engineering and machinery spaces include file following:

Main and auxiliary propulsion Heating, ventilation, and air plants conditioning plants

(including fan rooms) Power generation plants Refrigeration machinery plants Steering gear rooms Anchor windlass rooms Machine shop Misc. industrial facilities Pump rooms Incinerator rooms

See 4-1.6 or 12-1.

F2dt. See 5-1.2.

Exit Access. See 5-1.2.

Exit Discharge. See 5-1.2.

Exit Enclosure. See 5-1.2.

Fire Damper. A duct closure device that is operated automatically or manually, to include remotely. The dmnper is designed to prevent tile spread of fire through the ductwork.

Fire Protection System. A fixed system designed to extinguish a fire or substantially reduce tile heat release rate of the fire.

Fire-Rated Glazing.* Glazing systems installed in fire-rate .t~.~i$:: bulkhead or overhead assemblies timt have been tested t~. ' ;~'cli~ specified fire-resistance ratings. . ~ : . fi?

Fire Resistant. A term applied to materials such as finii~t~g#"" %"~:::; furnisltings, fabrics, padding, draperies, and othe~.-.:-~;.ombn~.:.g.

d o fi:"-"~ materials. It denotes a higher degree of r e s i ~ ~ . ! l ..':, ordinary combustible materials. ~ i i , "s.~iii ~!i#""::"

Flame Spread. The propagation of f l ~ % ~ ! . . a surface:~ii{~:ee 6-5.3.

F o o d Preparation Area. An area t i l t F, as no c ~ . g ~ i p m e n t , witii surface temperatures greater tilan 120°C ( 2 4 ~ . ~ # "

Furnishings. The contents of spaces such as desl~:, cbairs, tables, sofas, draperies, rngs, etc.

Gallery.* An intermediate level between deck and overhead of any area or space that exceeds 25 percent of the space below.

High-RLsk Fuel. Class-I/k, -IB, -IC, or -II liquids as defined by NFPA 30, Flammable and Comb,tstible Liquids Code, or Class-lIIA or - IIIB liquids heated to witltin 10°C of dleir flash point, or pressurized to 174.4 kPa (25.3 psi) or more.

Horizontal Exit. See 5-1.2.

Horizontal Sliding Door. A door installed in the vertical plane that slides in a direction dmt is perpendicular to the direction of travel.

Hospital. See 9-1.2.

Low-Risk Fuel. All t r i e r fuels that are not high risk.

Interior Finish. Any coating or veneer applied as a finish to a bulkhead, strnctural insulation, or overhead. This includes dae visible finish, all intermediate materials, and all application materials and adhesives.

Joiner Construction. Nonstructural partitions used to subdivide compartments. Bulkhead panels, doors, windows, insulation,

ceilings, connectors, and interior finishes are all components of joiner construction.

Lining. A bulkhead tilat is adjacent to and parallel to die outer shell of a vessel.

Listed.* Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to die audlority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products or services, tilat maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services, and whose listing states timt eidler die equipment, material, or service meets identified standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.

Major Modification. Repairs or modifications that change flae purpose of fl~e vessel, vessel type, or a specific occupancy widfin a vessel as defined by riffs code. Replacement in kindis not considered to be a major modification.

Manned Space. See 12-1.2.

Means of Egress. See 5-1.2.

Medical, Health Care, and Child Care Spaces. See 4-1.3 or Section 9-1.

Mezzanine.* any ,area or s I below. ,~

Mixed ~ ~ . . - . .

N o t ~ m b u ~

late level between deck and overhead of not exceed 25 percent of the space

~e 4-1.12.

or Section 15-1.

materials applied to decks for finishing

See 19-1.2.

A corridor.

See 19-1.2.

on. See 7-4.2.

Public Space. Any space timt is dedicated for use by and always accessible to file pnblic.

Restr icted Access. See 14-1.2.

Security Space. A space dedicated to an activity that requires d~e limitation or control of access by persons to certain times; such as cmmting rooms, vaults, monitor stations, or areas of physical restraint. Access barriers that are intended to protect file space or activities therein shall have closure operable from inside the space. Barriers intended to restrain persons widfin die space shall be continuously monitored by persons capable of opening dxe barrier.

Service Space. See 4-1.4 or Section 10-1.

Smoke Damper. A duct closure device dlat is operated automatically or manually, to include remotely, and fllat is designed to prevent d~e spread of smoke dwough the ductwork.

Stairtower. A stair enclosure that penetrates two or more decks.

Stairway. A vertical means of egress between decks.

Steel o r O t h e r Equivalent Material. Any noncombustible construction fllat has structural and dlermal integrity properties equivalent to steel at tile end of tile applicable exposure to tile standard fire test.

Storage Space. See 4-1.7 or Section 13-1.

Structural Fire Protection. Fire protection dmt is intended to limit die spread of fire ,and smoke to as small an area as reasonable, by specifying fire endurance capabilities of structural elements. Additional items considered arejoinerwork details and penetrations of structnral elements. Structural, or fire, insulation

118


refers to insulation employed as a par t of dte structural fire protect ion system.

Trunk. A vertical sh,'fft or duct used for the passage of pipes, wires, stairways, an d o ther devices. Trunks are also designed for access to and egress f rom ship spaces, and ,as escape routes. Trunks pene t ra t ing fire-rated bulkheads and decks shall no t destroy dae structural and fire resistance integrity of flae affected division.

U n m a n n e d Space. See 12-1.2.

Voids. Cofferdams and spaces not normally accessible or used for storage.

Wire-Inserted Glass. A special tyl~.e of glass at least 6 mm dfick d m t has re inforcing wire wida max imum wire spacing of 50 m m constructed into tile glass. Wire-inserted glass provides more fire endurance than ordinary or t empered window glass.

Chapter 4 Classification of Occupancy and t lazard of Contents

4-1 Cl~ssiflcation of Occupancy.

4-1.1 General . All vegsel occupancies shaU be classified according to dais chapter . Occupancies shall conform to dae requi rements of flae specific occupancy chapters 8 darough 16.

4-1.~ Accommodat ion Spaces. Accommoda t ion spaces include, bu t are no t l imited to, a l l p o r d o n s of a vessel used for such purposes as overnight residence, del iberat ion, worship, en te r ta inment , dining, or amusement .

Accommodat ion spaces include due following:

Passen~der or crew cabins Loun~ge areas Athletic facilities

Otfice spaces Spaces for reli~ious worship Theaters

R a d i o / c o m m u n i c a t i o n s Machinery control (not in flae machinery space)

Electrical power / swi tchboard spaces

Navi~Tation/bridl~e Central damage control

a n d / o r fire protect ion s~stems control

Emergency genera tor room

( For requirerm~ts, see Chapter I 1,)

4-1.6" Engineer ing and Machinery Spaces. Engineer ing and machinery spaces are daose conta ining machinery used to suppor t prop.ulsion, power generat ion, heat ing and ventilation, and odaer auxiliary systems.

Engineer ing mad maclfinery spaces include dae following:

Main and auxiliary propuls ion plants

.~ ower genera t ion plants . teerm~ ~ear rooms Machine shop M,'wine sanitat ion devices Pump r o o m s / b u n k e r i n g

stat ions

Heating, ventilation, a n d air cond i t ion ing plants ( inc luding fan rooms)

Refrilgeradon machinery plants Anchor windlass rooms Misc. industrial facilities Sewa:~e t rea tment space Inc inera tor rooms

Stabilizer rooms ~:t:'::,

(For requir~..:..,..see O~apter 12.)

4-1.7 S t o ~ S p ~ Storage spaces include all spaces of the vessel u.~'i~." ~i~.:prim~i~i{or the storage of goods, merchandise , f o o d , ~ : f ~ a n d o ~ i ~ . i . ~ s necessary in suppor t ing d~e da~:~:,Ci'ou:..¢'..ne o p e r a t i o n . ~ d a e vessel. Minor storage incidental to ~ e r d ~ p a n c y sh,'ffl'be t reated as par t of due p r edominan t

Gaming areas Restaurants :~:~:~:?-.'::.,. x:/:-:i -.-::'-'::.:::" ~-':.::.:~.':.:':?" L. ~ "?i'?;: !i':i!i~'.'.~.~eral sf~rage spaces Pnblic toilets/w:Lqhrooms :-¥":'::::/[i:i:i~'.'.~.£1eral stOrage soaces

~ l.::::.P.~6:g~hlCS lockers i.::::.P. ~ 6 : ~ n i cs lockers :"':~Geq.~ storage lockers (no (For requirements, see Chapter 8.) ....... ~,~../:~.:. %. i j | " ' :~eq .~ storage lockers (no

/z~::*":':::~i~::.:;'ii~::i. ~:..:-:.1 fl,'i.mmable materials) fl,-:tmmable materials t 4-1.3 Medical, t lea l th Care, and Child Care Spaces...M...~ical ~ :~i[:::#~eanin~L::. geargear lockerslockers " healtla care spaces are those used for purposes such ~.;~ii~dica.[.ii~_.::,.. 4.'::. ~i::/''~eaning o ther t r ea tmen t or care of persons suffering f rom p['i~'~!~l[~'~,:i:'g':':'~:: -~....'~..~" , (For requirements, see Chapter 13.) " ~ l t h "::'6~:::'ig$ (For requtrements, see Chapter 13.) disease, or infirmity; and for flae care of itffartts. Medical, -~.,,..,,,. -.-..-~.. care, and clfild care occupancies are o c c n p i e ~ . t . . ~ , ns ~'-"..-" .~r. e., mostly incapable of se.lf-preservation becaus~Y~'f ag~:":~ii~byslc~4ii::~-.:g .... disability. ..:.':'.:::~i~. ':!~:'~'~. ....Y:"

~e..'~:.-. ~'~ "" Medical, healda care. and child care s p a c e ~ : ~ u d e flae'!~.~llowing:.

"%~!~!.... :.,~:~: Hospi ta l / in tensive care facilities "%ji~:,,.# y' Limited care facilities '%i~::" Child care facilities ~ii:"

(For requirements, see Chapter 9.)

4-1.4 Service Spaces. Service spaces include galleys, laundries, or odaer spaces used for due purposes of providing suppor t services to passengers and crew.

Service spaces include die following:

Galleys Film deve lopmen t /p roces s ing

facilities

Food prepara t ion areas (no cooking facilities; i.e.,

e q u i p m e n t capable of genera t ing temperatures in excess of 120°C)

Sculleries Garbage / t r a sh holding and

pro.cessin.g o ther tlaan inc inera t ion

Laundries

Laboratory facilities Public sa les / shops


4-1.5 Electrical and Control Spaces. Electrical and control spaces are those used for due control and m a n a g e m e n t of rout ine and emergency operations.

Electrical and control spaces include dae following:

S torag~. i~ce~. inc lude the following: -:~::.:~.....--..:..-::.

Flammable materials stora~:e Flammable materials lockers Walk-in refr igerat ion spaces

4-1.8 C, ar~o Spaces and Fuel Tanks. Cargo spaces include r inse spaces ut i l ized for die carriage or storage of i t ems /produc ts daat are being t ranspor ted by due vessel.

Cargo spaces include die following:

Enclosed dry cargo storage Liquid fitel tanks

Open vehicle decks Cbemlcal tanks

Open cargo storage L iquef ied /compressed gas

stol~e Enclosed vehicle decks


4 - 1 . 9 O p e n D e c k .

4-1.9.1 Spaces permanent ly open to weather on one or more sides shall be considered open decks. For covered open deck spaces, ,all port ions of tile overhead shall be less allan 5 m (16.4 ft) f rom file nearest opening to the weadaer.

4-1.9.2 Open-ended or open-sided covered spaces, regardless of size, are considered to be equivalent to open deck spaces, provided flint such structures are not pe rmanen t ly enclosed on more dlan one side.

4-1.10 Hel icopter Deck. The hel icopter deck is an area on a weather deck of die vessel dedicated to accommodat ing die landing of hel icopters for rout ine or emergency uses. This occupancy might also include a hangar space if d~e hel icopter is to be routinely embarked on the vessel dur ing voyages. (For requirements, see Chapter 16.)

4-1.11 Mixed Occupancies. Where two or more classes of occupancy are conta ined in file same space on a vessel, and are in te rmingled so fllat separate safeguards are impracticable, means

119


of egress facilities, construction, protect ion, and od~er safeguards shall comply wida die life safety requirements of die highest hazard occupancy involved. Minor equipment dial is incidental to die space, such as HVAC or bar equipment , shall be considered as part of dlat space.

Chapter 5 Means of Egress

5-1 General.

5-1.1 Application. Means of egress for vessels shall comply with dtis chapter. (Also see Chapter 1.)

5-1.2 Definitions.

Area o f Refuge. Those areas designated ,as personnel emergency spaces. These areas shall be properly sized, protectively bounded from fire and smoke, and shall provide protected access to die embarkation area.

Common Path of Travel.* That port ion of exit access that shall be traversed before two separate and distinct paths of travel to two exits are available. Padas dlat merge are common padas of travel. Com m on path of travel is measured in tl~e same manner as travel

There shall be no penetrat ions or communicat ing openings between adjacent exit enclosures.

Exception to (d): Ducting, piping, and electrical cabling that shall be permitted to penetrate exit enclosures as long as the, 3 pass completely through the enclosure and the penetration is constructed in accordance with 6-2. 3. 6.

5-1.3.2 An exit enclosure dlat only connects two decks shall be required to be enclosed only at one deck.

5-1.3.3 Exit enclosures shall be designed to provide a continuous protected padl of travel, including landings and passageways, to an exit discharge.

5-1.3.4 No exit enclosure shall be used for any purpose that could interfere widl its use as an exit and, if so designated, as an area of refuge. (See also 5-2.2.6.4.)

5-1.3.5 Exit Access Passageways. Passageways used as exit access shall be a min imum B-Class radng in accordance widl 6-2.3.

Exception: As otherwise provided in Chapters 8 through 19.

distance but terminates at fliat point where two separate and 5-1.4 Interior Finish in Exits. The flame spread of interior finish distinct routes become available, in exits shall meet ~.le requirements of 6-3.3.

~...-'.:~...~. Embarkation Area. The area from which a person exits file vessel Exception: As ~ ' ~ m i t t e d by Chapters 8 through 19.

in an emergency. The embarkation area sh~ l be located widtin 2 .~ii!::r m (6.6 It) of t i e waterline or shall be provided widl ml approved 5-1.5 H e a ~ . ' o o ~ % ~ A e a n s of egress shall be designed and means of lowering personnel in or to life saving equipment , rescue ma in t a i~g . c~ pro~i i .~ .dequa te head room as provided in oilier vessels, or the shore, sectiopa..:.:'~ .$1.j$i~ code ~i~.~.2 .2 .1) , but in no case shall the ceiling

heig~:%e I~'~ allan 2.1~::~i'~(7 ft), nor shall any projection from die Exit. That port ion of a means of egress dlat is separated from all o ~ i e a d : ~ ~ less dlan ~.~::m (6 ft 8 in.) nominal height from die

odler spaces of the vessel by construction or equ ipment as required ~ ' i~- : :~e~i i~:9om on stairs is die vertical distance above a plane in 5-1.3.1 to provide a protected way of travel to die exit discharge° p,~l$~i!~:"~:i~l: tangent widl die most forward projection of die stair Exits include exterior exit doors, exit passageways, separated exit tread. "%:.-"~.~ii~i~::. stairs, and separated exit r,'unps. "-:~i'i.'.:::-:,.. ":::~%ii:'!::,-.'~ ~;,

~ : : ' ~ . - J . 6 C h a d " in Level in Means o f Egress. Exit Access. That poruon of a means of egress that leads to an "~:;.~: "':a~ii~;~::::......<::'

exit. ':iii:: ,~.'.:~~"ff~:I::::ii!i~ianges in level in means of egress shall be by a ramp or a ~:.:.-.:.. . . . . $~.~ii~'Lair ~ ' e r e d~e elevation difference is more tllan 50 cm (19.7 in.).

Exit Discharge. That port ion of a means of egress betw.e.~i:~t:i~iiiiii: '% termination of an exit and an embarkation area or are~.'::~t" reflt~'~ "~i~..*..$;;6.2 Changes in level in means of egress not more dlan 50 cm

...-:f.~i~.::'::, ~i~!~::':.::..'::':.::.~. % ~:]~9.7 in.) shall be either by a ramp or by a stair complying widl die Exit Enclosure. The bulkheads and decks a round ,~ e~iii~!::!#""~:'::-":'.'.':'~iiiii.?:i~!:i~ "requirements of 5-2.2 and 19-2.6. The min imum tread depd~ of

............. ":'%i~i'i::.. '':':*" such stair shMl be 30 cm (11.8 in.), and die location of each step Horizontal Exit.* An exit between adjacent .z..w.~!~.t:be s,q"~i..:.::::, .,.:.-:. shall be readily apparent by changing color pattern, texture, or

deck that pass is th rough an A-60-Class bou..k~'~try t l { ~ i ~ g n t i ~ ! ~ lighting. f rom side shell to side shell or to odier .A,~Class b o u ~ i e s . j : "

":"?""%ii!~i'::.. "';i~i~ " 5-1.7 Impediments to Egress. Any device or alarm installed to Means o f Egress.* A cont inuous and u n o b s @ ~ d way ~ exit restrict the improper use of a means of egress shall be designed

travel f rom may point in the vessel to an area o f ~ . t , g e o.~i :v" and installed so that it cannot, even in case of failure, impede or embarkation area consisting of three separate a n ~ / i ~ c t parts: prevent emergency use of such means of egress. (a) die exit access, (b) die exit, and (c) die exit di~i{'~trge. A means of egress comprises die vertical and horizod~tl travel and Exception: As provided by Chapters 8 through 19o shall include intervening room spaces or open decks, doorways,

asSageways, mezzanines, galleries, ramps, stairs, enclosures, bbies, and escalators.

5-1.3 Separation of Means o f Egress. (See also Section 6-2.)

5-1.3.1 Where an exit is required by this code to be protected by separation from other parts of the vessel, the separating construction shall meet the following requirements:

(a) The separat ion shall be a min imum of A-0-Class rating where die exit connects two or more decks. This applies whether the decks counted are above or below the deck where exit discharge begins.

(b) Any opening therein shall be protected by an A-Class door equipped with a door closer complying with 5-2.1.7.

(c) Openings in exit enclosures shall be limited to diose necessary for access to d ie enclosure f rom normally occupied spaces and corridors, and for egress from the enclosure.

(d) Penetrations into and openings through an exit enclosure bulkhead mad decks are prohibi ted except for electrical conduit serving the exit enclosure, required exit doors, duct work and equ ipment necessary for i n d e p e n d e n t pressurization, water or steam piping necessary for the beating or cooling of the exit enclosure, sprinkler piping, and standpipes.

5-2 Means of Egress Components .

5-2.1 Doors.

5-2.1.1 General.

5-2.1.1.1 A door assembly, including die door opening, frame, door, and necessary hardware, used as a componen t in a means of egress shall conform to die general requirements of Section 5-1 and to the special requi rements of dais subsection. Such an assembly shall be designated as a door.

5-2.1.1.2 Every door dlat is required to serve as an exit shall be designed and constructed so daat die way of exit travel is obvious and direct. Windows that, because of flleir physical configuration or design ,and die materials used in dleir construction, could be mistaken for doors shall be made inaccessible to t i e occupants by barriers or railings.

5-2.1.2" In de termining die width for a door opening for purposes of calculating egress capacity, only die clear widdl o f the door opening when die door is in die full open posit ion shall be measured. Clear width shall be die net, unobstructed widdl of the door opening widmut projections into such widflL

5-2.1.3 No door opening in the means of egress shall be less fl~an 80 cm (31.5 in.) in clear widdl. Where a pair of doors is provided,

190

NFPA 301 ~ A98 R O C (Reprinted f rom F97 R O P )

at least one of die doors shall provide a m i n i m u m 80 cm (31.5 in.) clear width opening .

Exception: As permitted by Chapters 8 through 19.

5-2.1.4 Swing and Force to Open .

5-2.1.4.1 Any door in a m e a n s of egress shall be of die s ide-hinged or pivoted-swinglng type. T he door shall be des igned and installed so fliat it is capable of swinging to the dill use of die open ing in which it is installed. Doors shall swing in die direct ion of egress travel.

Exception No. 1: Horizontal sliding doors complying with 5-2.1.10.

Exception No. 2: Revolving doors complying with 19-2.Z5.

Exception No. 3: Stateroom doors shall be permitted to open into the stateroom.

5-2.1.4.2 Doors shall swing in the direct ion of egress travel where used in an exit enclosure or where serving a high hazard contents are.x

5-2.1.4.3" Dur ing its swing, any door into a means of egress shall leave unobs t ruc ted at least one-half of the requi red widd~ of an aisle, passageway, or landing. W hen dilly open, the door shall no t project more allan 15 cm (5.9 in.) into die required width of an aisle, passageway, or landing. Doors shall no t open immediate ly onto a stair wi thout a landing. The landing shall have a width at least equal to die widt~a of die door. (See 5-2.2.3.)

5-2.1.4.4 The forces required to f u l l y o p e n any door manual ly in a means of egress shall no t exceed 65 N (14.8 lb0 to release the latch, 130 N (29.2 lbf) to set d ie door in motion, and 65 N (14.8 lbf) to open die door to the m i n i m u m required width. O p e n i n g forces for inter ior s ide-hinged or pivoted-swinging doors without

5-2.1.5.4 Where pairs of doors are requi red in a mean s of egress, each le,'ff of the pair shall be provided with its own releasing device. Devices fliat d e p e n d u p o n die release of one door before the o ther shall no t be used.

Exception: Where double doors are used, it shall be permitted for only one door to have releasing hardware provided operation of the door hardware allows both doors to open.

5-2.1.5.5 No lock, padlock, hasp, bar, chain, or o ther device, or combina t ion dlereof, shall be installed or main ta ined on or in connec t ion with any door on which panic hardware or fire exit hardware is required by this code if such device prevents or is i n t ended to prevent the free use o f the door for purposes of egress.

5-2.1.6 Exit Door Hardware.

5-2.1.6.1 Exit door hardware shall consist of a door- latching assembly incorpora t ing a device dlat releases the latch u p o n the applicat ion of a force in d ie direct ion of egress travel.

5-2.1.6.2 A door in the m e a n s o f egress shall be equ ipped with exit door hardware fllat mee t s the following requirements :

(a) Consists of bars or panels, the ac tua t ing por t ion of which shall ex tend across not less than one half of die width of d ie door leaf, no t less allan 75 cm (29.5 in.) no r more than 110 cm (43.3 in.) above the floor, ~ . . : . : : ,

(b) C a u s e s ~ 0 . o o r latch to release when a force that shall no t be require~.#6 e ~ 65 N (14.8 Ibf) is applied.

~.'., "%.':'..'.,. ":::~i~!::: 5 -2 .1 .6 . .~ .~ i~ . ired e~i i~. . .~ , hardware shall no t he equ ipped with anz) .~king"~evice , set ~ , or o ther a r r a n g e m e n t fllat can be u ..~)'~.i to p~:~yent the r e l e ~ e of the latcll when pressure is appl ied to ~ i i~ . [¢as~ i : .dev ice . Devices tha t hold the latch in the retracted posi~.:~ia]]:::~be prohibi ted on exit door hardware unless listed

closers shall no t exceed 20 N (4.9 lb0. These forces shall be and a l S ~ . e d for such use. applied a t file latch stile when the vessel is on an even keel. .~i~:i::.:,.. '%::::::i::i!::...::.:-:;"

~iiii~::i:%:::~i~..z~: 1.7 Se|~.~-losing Devices. A door des igned normally to be kept Exception: Power-operated doors as provided in 5-2.1.8. "% ':~':::~.l~:..i..n...~-:~eans of egress shall be a self-closing door and shall

"% . ~ C ~ i : : ~ u r e d in the open posit ion at any time. 5-2.1.5 Locks, Latches, and Alarm Devices. .:::-:-~::.:. ~:!'::::::ii!i :::~ .:#:"

.... !J:;::::::-¥jii~i: ::iiiii. Excepi~on: Doors shall be permitted to be held open where the following 5-2.1.5.1 Doors shall be a r ranged to be opened readil~::.~om tl~ '~i" -:(':~i~.~ir,~nents are met: norma l egress side whenever die space is o c c u p i e d . . . ~ . ' ~ if ::.-':~i-::::$::..-, ':~::..~-$::"

• . . :::-". ~'-::::::::~ .~$-.'~,~'-:#~:~:':'::.~ :::: ~ : .

provided, shall no t reqtnre die use of a key, tool, specmI~!:~:~:~!-::£~" "~'-:.~!:::~:'..:i.".-~'-" (a) Upon release of the hold-open mechamsm, the door becomes self- knowledge, or effort for opera t ion f rom the insi.<i.g::..p..f.the ~.~. . . . ":':::":*" closing

. ,-:~:'.~::::~:-~:!:!~?.-:!::, "~i~i~.'.,. ..:~ Exception: Doors shall be permitted to have k ~ " e r a t e d ' ~ i . . f i o m "~;'~" (b) The release device is designed so that the door can be released egress side, provided th,; following requireme~iiare met: "":?";.iii~.~"~. ,:s..:.::"-" instantl~ and upon release, become sell-closing manuall~ (locally), and

" "~(.-~!~-!::, "~. remotely from a contmuous~-manned control statron, or the automatic (a) This exception shall be Specificall~ permiud~i'.~...:Chaptor ~'~through releasing mechanism or medium is activated by (1) the operation of an

19 - "."~iiii%, #::" approved automatic smoke detection system installed to'~rotect the entire "~'~.,.~..:.:!$" vessel and, further, designed and installed to provide for actuatwn of the

(b) On the egress side, on or adjacent to the door, the;~i~all be a system in time to preclude the generation of heat or smoke sufficient to readily visible, durable ~ign that reads ~THIS DOOR ~sO REMAIN interfere with egress, (2) the operation o f approved smoke detectors UNLOCKED WHEN THE SPACE IS OCCUPIED." The sign shall be in installed in such a way as to detect smoke on either side of the door letters not less than 2.5 cm (1 in.) high on a contrasting background

(c) The locking device shall be of a ~.pe that is readily distingnishable as locked

(d) A key shall be im~nediatel 3 available to any occupant inside the space

5-2.1.5.2 Every stair enclosure door shaU allow re-entry f rom the stair enclosure to die inter ior of the vessel.

5-2.1.5.3 A latch or o ther fas tening device on a door shall be provided with a lever, h:mdle, panic bar, or o ther s imple type of releasing device having an obvious mefl lod o f opera t ion (unde r all l ight ing condit ions) . The releasing m e c h a n i s m for any latch shall be located no t more than 120 cm (47.2 in.) above the f inished floor. Doors shall be capable of be ing o p e n e d with no more than one releasing operat ion.

Exception: Egress doors from individual staterooms shall be ~ermitted to be provided with device~ that require not more than one add, tional releasing operation, such as a night latch, dead bolt, or security chain, provided suck device is operable from the inside without the use of a key or tool and is mounted at a height not to exceed 120 cm (47.2 in.) above the finished floor.

opening, or (3) operation of an automatic sprinkler system. The above systems shall be permitted to be zoned as approved by the authority having jurisdiction

(c) Any fire detection system or smoke detector is provided with such supervision and safeguards as are necessa 0 to ensure reliability of operation in case of fire (see also Section 7-1)

(d) Upon loss of power to the hold-open devic~ the hold-open mechanism is released and the door becomes self-closing

(e) The automatic release of one door in a stair enclosure results in the closing of all doors serving that stair

5-2.1.8 Power-Opera ted Doors. Where required doors are operated by power, such as doors ac tuated by sens ing devices u p o n the approach of a person or doors with power-assisted m an u a l operat ion, die design shall be such that, in die event o f power failure, the door can be opened manua l ly to pe rmi t egress travel or closed where necessary to safeguard die m e a n s o f egress. Th e forces requi red to open dlese doors manual ly shall no t exceed dlose specified in 5-2.1.4.4 except dlat the force reqnired to set die door in mot ion shall no t exceed 220 N (50.1 Ibf). T i l e door sllall be des igned and installed so d i a l when a force is appl ied to die door on the side f rom which egress is made, it shall be capable of swinging f rom any posit ion to tile full use of the required width of die open ing in which it is installed. (See 5-2.1.4.)

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Exception No. I: Sliding, power-operated doors in exit access that can be manually opened in the direction o f door travel with forces not exceeding those specified in 5-2.1.4.4 shall not be required to have a susing-out feature.

Exception No. 2: In the emergency break-out mode, a door leaf located within a two-leaf opening shall be exc'mpted from the minimum 80-on (31.5-in.) single-leaf requirement of 5-2.1.3.1 i f a minimum of 75 cm (29.5 in.) clear width is provided by the single leaf

Exception No. 3: Doors complying with 5-2.1.9.

Exception No. 4: Doors fitted with an independent, local power sourcg capable of operation a minimum of 10 times subsequent to loss of pi4mary power.

Exception No. 5: Power-operated water-tight doors.

5-2.1.9 Balanced Doors. Where panic hardware is installed on b,'danced doors, dae panic hardware shall be of tile push-pad type, and tile pad shall not ex tend more tilan approximately one-half t.he widdl of the door measured from the latch side.

Table 5-2.2.2.1 Minimum widtii clear of all

obstructions, except projections no t exceeding 10 cm (3.9 in) at or below handrail height on each side

Maximum height of risers Minimum height of risers Minimum net tread depth Minimum headroom Maximum height between

landings Landing

Stalrs 90 cm (35.4 in.)

20 cm (7.9 in.) 10 cm /~.9 in. I 24 cm 9.4 in.

205 cm I80.7 in.) 3.5 m (11.5 It)

. t i t " A

5-2.2.2.2 Tread Slope. Tread slope shall not exceed 2.0 c m / m (0.24 in. /f t ) (a slope of 1 in 50).

5-2.2.2.3" Riser Height and Net Tread Depth. Riser height shall be measured as tile vertical distance between tread nosings. Tread deptii shaU be measured horizontally between tile vertical planes of tile foremost projection of adjacent treads and at a right angle to the trend's leading edge, but shall not include beveled or rounded

5-2.1.10 Horizontal Sliding Doors. Horizontal sliding doors tread surfaces dlat slope more flian 20 degrees (a slope of 1 in complying wid~ d~e following shaU be permit ted in a means of 2.75). At t read nosings, such beveling or round ingsha l l no t egress: exceed 1.5 cm (0.6..i.n.) in horizontal dimension. T h e total t read

shall not be less d ~ . 5 cm (9.8 in). (a) Tile door shall be operable by a simple me thod from eidler ~.~v:- ~::::...:~.,

side without speci',d knowledge or effort 5-2.2.2.4 T I ! ~ . ~ I I be no variation exceeding 0.5 cm (0.2 in.) in tile dep th ~ i . ~ j ~ . . . g treads or in tile he ight o f adjacent risers, and

(b) Tile force, applied to the operat ing device, required to tile t o l e ~ ' ~ : . b e t w ~ ! i ! ~ l e largest and smallest riser or between die operate the door shall not exceed 65 N (14.8 Ibt) when tile vessel is l a r g e s ~ . ~ l e s t ~ : : s . b . ~ l l not exceed 1.0 cm (0.4 in.) in any on an even keel f l ig l~ .... . "" ~ii!lii~ :~

..:~::':" .~:.~::.. .~.." (c) The force required to operate tile door shall not exceed 130 , ~ : . S~-~D. etails. "

N (29.6 lbO to set the door in mot ion and 65 N (14.8 lbf) to close " ~ ' i "~:':''''~:" tile door or open it to the min immn required widfll when tile 5-2.2.3]:i.:!~iii~1 stairs serving as required means of egress shall be of vessel is on an even keel .,! ........ permane~ii~.~g¢l construction.

(d) The door shall be operable with a force not to exceed 220 N ~ : : ~ , 2 . . . , ~ a i r s , platforms, and landings used to connect more tilan (50.1 IbO when a force of 1110 N (252.9 Ibf) is applied "~...: :~e:g:ii~/~s shall be of noncombust ib le material throughout . perpendicularly to tile door adjacent to the opel,'ating devi.c..~:~..eu ~!~#::*" .?i;;" tile vessel is o n , 'm even keel s..~:ff"":%!!i~: %.Exception: Handrails.

(e) The door assembly shall comply with the a p p l i ~ . . f i r e ~ : ~ : i : ~ , ':~::. ~ 2 . 2 . 3 . ~ Stairs and intermediate landings shall continue witil no protect ion rating and, where rated, shall be self-closi"ng :~ii~:.:.-.g~::":"":::~lil.~¢..:..~iii ' S"decrease in width along tile direction of egress travel. Every automatic-closing by smoke detect ion in accord,3..n..g.e., witi %~:.1:..7, "~:::~*:" landing shall have a d imension measured in direction of travel and shall be installed in accordance with NF.P..+~!~~i~,~, '~rd:'~.~'..'.Fir~.. equal to tile widtii of tile stair. Such dimension need not exceed Doors and Fire Windows ..-::'#" "~'~-.:i~i t'-"ii!~+.'~+" 120 cm (47.2 in.) where tile stair has a straight run.

5-2.1.11 Water-Tight Doors. W a t e r - t i g h ~ . ~ . . . i n a meai ~iof egress 5-2.2.3.4 Stair treads shall be uniformly slip resistant and shall be shall be t i e quick-acting or power-operated i ~ : , i!i~ free of projections or lips fllat could trip stair users.

5-2.2 Stairs. " : : ! ~ ; 5-2.2.~.5 Treads of stairs and landing floors shall be solid.

5-2.2.1 General. Stairs, ei ther interior or exterior/:'~:~sed as a componen t in file means of egress shall conform to tile general requirements of Section 5-1 and to the special requirements of tills subsection.

Exception: Aisle steps in accommodation occupancies as provided in 19- 2.10.7. 2.

5-2.2.2 Types o f Stairs.

5-2.2.2.1" Dimensional Criteria. Stairs shall be in accordance witii tile following table:

Exception: Noncombustible, grated stair treads and landings as provided in Chapters 8 through 19.

5-2.2.3.6 Stairs shall be arranged so as to make clear die direction of egress to an area of refilge or embarkation area. Stairs fllat continue beyond file level of exit discharge shall be interrupted at the level of exit discharge by partitions, doors, or other effective m e a n s .

Exceptlon'. . . . . . Stairs that continue beyond the level of exit discharge, where the exit discharge is obvious, need not be interrupted.

5-2.2.3.7 Spiral Stairs. Where specifically permit ted for individual occupancies by Chapters 8 tiarough 19, spiral stairs shall be permit ted as a componen t in a me,ms of egress provided tile following requirements are met:

(a) The occupant load served shall not exceed 5

(b) The clear widda of tile stairs shall be not less than 65 cm (25.6 in.)

(c) The height of risers shall not exceed 24 cm (9.4 in.)

(d) Head room shall be not less allan 200 cm (78.7 in.)

(e) Treads shall have a min imum depth of 20 cm (7.9 in.) at a point 30 cm (11.8 in.) f rom tile narrower edge

(f) All treads shall be identical

122

NFPA 301 - - A98 ROC (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

5-2.2.~.8 Turnstiles. No turnstiles or other devices to restrict the movement of persons shall be installed in such a manner as to interfere in any way with required means of egress facilities.

5-2.2.4 Guards and Handrails.

5-2.2.4.1 Guards. Means of egress such as stairs, landings, passageways, deck openings, ramps, aisles, galleries, or mezzanines that are more than 75 cm (29.5 in.) above the deck below shall be provided with guards to prevent falls over the open side.

5-2.2.4.2 Handrails. Each stair or ramp with a slope exceeding 1 in 12 shall have handrails on both sides. In addition, handrails shall be provided within 75 cm (29.5 in.) o f all port ions of the required egress width of stairs. The required egress width shall be along the natural path of travel. Stairs shall have a handrail on at least one side. (See also 5-2.2.4.5.)

5-2.2.4.3 Required guards and handrails shah continue for the full length of each flight ~f stairs. At wrns of stairs, inside handrails shall be continuous between flights at landings.

5-2.2.4.4 The design of gamrds and handrails and fl~e hardware for at taching handrails to guards, balusters, or build, ends shall be such that there are no projections that might engage loose clothing.

5-2.2.4.5* Handrail Details.

(a) Handrails on sudrs shall be no t less than 85 cm (33.5 in.) nor more than 95 cm (37.4 in.) above the surface of the tread, measured vertically to the top of the rail from the leading edge of the tread.

Exception No. 1 to (a): Required handrails that form part of a guard shall be permitted to have a maximum height of 105 cm (41.5 in.) measured vertically to the top of the rail from the leading edge of the tread.

Exception No. 2 to (a): Additional handrails that are lower or higher than the main handraiI shall be permitted.

(b) Handrails shall provide a clearance of at least 4 cm { i.'.r...n..) between the handrail and the bulkhead to which it is f a s ~ :-:i~i~:?~

":$" ~ ! : (c) Handrails sl~all be designed so they can be gr,~v,.,.,..4:L.. : ~ / ~ , :::::.:,

with a comfortable grip mad so the hand can be slid ~ .1o/~ ~'~'1":% without encounter ing obstructions. ~:;.....:::~. ....... ~:~ z.:-- ~-_"~_ ::::::':" ~:-'~.,,..-.-~

(d) Handrail ends shall be re turned to th. .~.!!ISulkh~::d '~.t~.-'~: shall terminate at newel posts.

(e) Handrails that are no t continuous b e ~ : f l i g h t s ~ a l l extend laorizontally, at the required height, at 1'~?..3.0 c ~ ( 1 2 in.) beyond the top riser and continue to slope for a ~ '~: :"~ ' f one t read beyond the bottom riser where a guard or bulkhea~?~"!~'ists.

(t] Handrails on open sides of stairs shall have intermediate rails or an ornamental pattern such dmt a sphere 10 cm (3.9 in.) in diameter cannot pass through ,'tray openings in such handrail.

Exception to ([~: The t~angular openings formed by the riser, tread, and bottom element of a guardrail at the open side of a stair shall be of such a size that a sphere 15 cm (5.9 in.) in diameter cannot pass through the triangular opening.

5-2.2.4.6 Guard Details.

(a) The height of guards required by 5-2.2.4.1 shall be measured vertically to the top of the guard from the surface adjacent thereto.

(b) Guards shall be not less than 100 cm (39.4 in.) high.

Exception to (b): In accommodation occupancies as provided in Chapter 8.

(c) Open guards shall have intermediate r:fils or an ornamental pat tern such that a sphere 10 cm (3.9 in.) in d iameter cannot pass through any o p e n i n g

Exception No. 1 to (c): The triangular openings formed by the riser, tread, and bottom element of a guardrail at the open side of a stair shall be of such size that a sphere 15 cm (5.8 in) in diameter cannot pass through the triangular opening. Exception No. 2 to (c): In engineering and machinery space occupancies, and in storage occupancies.

5-2.2.5 Special Provisions for Exterior Stairs.

5-2.2.5.1 Landings. Landings to which egress doors lead shall be approximately level with the adjoining deck.

5-2.2.5.2 Exterior stairs shall be permit ted to be used as a componen t of egress where there is an obvious route or egress direction signage leading to an area of safe refuge or an embarkation area-

5-2.2.5.3 Exterior stairs shall be constructed of noncombust ib le material.

5-2.2.5.4 Exterior stairs shall no t be permit ted to constitute more than 50 percent of the required egress capacity.

Exception: Exterior stairs serving spaces with fewer than 10 persons.

5-2.2.5.5 Exterior stairs shall comply' with the requirements of Table 5-2.2.5.5 and subsequent secuons.

Table 5-2.2.5.5 Exterior Stairs Serving More Serving 10

than or 10 Persons Fewer Persons

Minimum widths:::, 75 cm (29.5 in.) 70 cm (27.5 in.) :;5:-':::::~ ~/:-;"::°=~,x clear between clear between

,~'-.'::: ~ rails rails . . . . l,t.l.I.U3.L. Mm~mum:~ur~ .n ta l 75 cm (29.5 in.) 70 cm (27.5 in.)

~ dea r dimena~ of clear

~1~:~:: '~-,: ' %:: !::.::# ~ i m ~ riser .: ;:22 cm (8.7 in.) 30 cm (11.8 in.)

::.:!:.-<..!~! ~,fi ghi~]:'~:.. .... ~': I tl~ I t L O . , . .';L: I t f~.'~t~.~'~K~ead, 22 cm (8.7 in.) 15 cm (5.9 in.)

~x~":t~ye of nosing{ 2.5 cm (1 in.) Minim'i~i~::.:~9.$ing or No requi rement

... p ro iec i$~ , "-'+ +l l~ | . i , -',~" ;'~i~....~....l .:..j:~ + As permit ted by Same . : : ~ - " 5-2.2.3.7 Primarily for :":" .~ i','~''~ car~o

Headroom, 200 cm (6.7 ft) Same ~i}~: min imu m ::" Handrail height 85 cm to 95 cm Same

Capacity, number of width (cm) x .66 10 persons

width (in) x 1.66

5-2.2.6 Enclosure and Protection o f Stairs.

5-2.2.6.1 Enclosures. All interior stairs serving as an exit or exit componen t shall be enclosed in accordance with 5-1.3.1. All other interior stairs shall be protected in accordance with 6-2.4.

5-2.2.6.2* Separation and Protection of Outside Stairs. Outside stairs shall be separated from file interior of the vessel by bulldleads with the fire resistance rating required for enclosed stairs with fixed or self-closing open ing protectives. Tiffs construction shall extend vertically from the lowest deck to a point 3 m (10 ft) above the topmost landing of the stairs or to the deck, whichever is lower, arid at least 3 m (10 ft) horizontally. All openings below an outside stair shall he protected with an assembly having a minimum A-0: Class fire-resistance rating.

Exception No. 1: Outside stairs serving not more than two adjacent decks, including the level of exit discharge, shall be permitted to be unprotected where there is a remotely located second exit.

Exception No. 2: The fire-resistance rating of the portion of the separation extending 3 m (10 t ) from the stairs need not exceed A-O Class.

Exception No. 3: Separation is not required where otherwise permitted by Chapters 17 through 19.

5-2.2.6.4 There shall be no enclosed, usable space within an exit enclosure, including unde r stairs, no r shall any open space within the enclosure, including stairs and landings, be used for any purpose such as storage or similar use that could interfere with egress. (See also 5-1.3.4.)

Exception: Enclosed usable space under stairs shall be permitted provided the bulkheads and soffits of the enclosed space are protected the

123


same as the stair enclosure. Entrance to such enclosed us'able space under stairs shall not be from within the stair enclosure.

5-2.2.6.5 Signs. Stairs shall be provided with signage within tile enclosure at each deck landing. Tile signage shall indicate the deck level, tile terminus of die top and bottom of the stair enclosure, and the identification of the stair. The signage also shall state the deck level of, and the direction to, the exit discharge. The signage shall be inside die enclosure located approximately (1.5 m) 5 ft above the floor landing in a position that is readily visible when the door is in either die open or closed position.

5-2.3 Smokeproof Enclosures.

5-2.3.1 Where smokeproof enclosures are required by otller sections of this Code, they shall comply with this subsection.

5-2.3.2 A smokeproof enclosure shall be ,an enclosure designed so dlat die movement of products of combustion produced by a fire occurring in any part of die vessel into tile smokeproof enclosure shall be limited.

5-2.3.3 The appropriate design method shall be any system that meets the performance level stipulated in 5-2.3.2. The s i n , k e p t , o f enclosure shall be permit ted to be created by using natural ventilatioti, by using mechanical ventilation incorporat ing a vestibule, or by pressurizing the enclosure.

5-2.3.4 Enclosure. A smokeproof enclosure shall be enclosed by fire barriers. Where a vestibule is used, it shall be wltllin the enclosure and shall be considered part of tlae smokeproof enclosure. Vestibules shall have a min imum dimension of 110 cm (43.5 in.) in widdl and 185 cm (72.8) in the direction of travel.

5-2.3.5 Discharge. Every smokeproof enclosure shall open to an

shall discharge from die vestibule through separate tightly constructed ducts used only for dlose purposes. Supply air shall enter die vestibule widtin 15.0 cm (5.9 in.) of the deck level. The top of die exhaust register shall be located not more than 15.0 cm (5.9 in.) down from file top of tile trap and shall be entirely within the smoke trap area. Doors, when in d~e open position; shall not obstruct duct openings. Controll ing dampers shall be permit ted in duct openings if needed to meet die design requirements, but are not otherwise required.

(c) To serve as a smoke and heat trap and to provide an upward moving air column, the vestibule ceiling shall be at least 50.0 cm (19.7 in.) higher d~an file door opening into die vestibule. Tile height shall be permitted to be decreased wherejus t i t ied by engineer ing design and field testing.

(d) The smokeproof enclosure shall be provided wida a dampered relief opening at die top and supplied mechanically with sufficient air to discharge a min imum of 1200 L/s (2543 cfin) f l i t ,ugh tile relief opening wliile maJntalning a minimum positive pressure of 25 Pa (0.10 in. water column) in the enclosure relative to d~e vestibule witli all doors closed.

5-2.3.9 Pressurization.

5-2.3.9.1 S i n , k e p t , o f enclosures by stair pressurization shall utilize an engineered syste.m wifl~ a minimum design pressure difference across the barrier:.:~ii-']:.2..5 Pa (0.05 in. water column) in sprinklered vessels or 25 P~:i.{"0".l (J':i~: water column) in nonspr inklered vessels. The e n c l o s u r : . # ~ ! l be capable of maintaining these pressure differences..::~ade'~i~...kze.ly conditions of stack effect or wind. The pressure:~i~.~.:.rencd::~gss doors shall not exceed that which will p e r m i t . : : . ~ . ~ r to b~j~i::to.:.be opened by a force of 130 N (29.2 Ibf)...~:"re.qli~i%d by 5-2.I%i]:" ( see NP'PA 92A).

'~"" ::':-:::.-::::.. :ii::::" adjacent smokeproof enclosure, to an open deck having direct ,~i~.-'.9..,2 : ~ i p m e n t and ductwork for pressurization shall be access to a embarkation area, or into an exit access or exit. Such Iocai?:~i;J:~:"ol]:i~ ! of die following places: exit passageways shall be without openings other than the entr:mce '::~".-!::.. from die s i n , k e p t , o f enclosure and die door to the open deck, or iii:: ..... (a) Exii:~!~.:~ die vessel and shall be directly connected to die embarkation area. The exit passageway shall be separated from file :':.~ii~iiiiiii~..O..closure ~ii~[uctwork enclosed in noncombust ib le construction remainder of the vessel by fire barriers having A-class fire- ":~;~. "':~-.:~.:?::::. . . . . . . . .:Y resistance ratings. !~i~i . . . . ...:!~i~::ii-~]:~in the enclosure with intake and exhaust air directly to

,:::.'~:~ii!~!~i~::::~ :iiiii.iiJi!~'lle o ~ ' i d e or through ductwork enclosed in C-Class construction 5-2.3.6 Access. Access shall be by way of a vestibule, an .~,"~ii!i!: ":~. exit access, a stair enclosure, or by way of an open deck~: .... "~#" ":~i-:'::~:.¢~) Widiin the vessel if separated from the remainder of die

.~ii!~.'.. ..~-'-!-:~::.:, ~"!: ~ s s e l , including other mechanical equipment , with C~Class Exception: Smokeproof enclosures consisting of a pressuHzed::i$~#..~.~::" "':~;~i:.-':~i" "construction enclbsure complying u;ith 5-2.3. 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . ":':-:iiiiiiii~::, "::::~:~::"

::-.:::f:~:'~:~':i~::.-i'i~'~::, "":~i{~: . . . . . In each case, openings into the required C-GI,ass construction 5-2.3.7 Natural Ventilation. S i n , k e p t , of e.~.~'][osure~::~.'..~, n a t { ~ i:: shall be limited to tllose needed for main tenance and operation ventilation shall comply with all o f tile f o ~ i n g : '::!~::iiii~ii-: ...:.if:: and shall be protected by self-closing C-Class fire protection-rated

":~::~ ~:::.~!ii.:'.:~::.. ":~- ";:~ d evi c es. (a) Where a vestibale is provided, tile d o o ~ : : j . n t o the.'~estibule

shall be protected widi an approved fire door ,~.~. .bly L.i~ing an 5-2.3.10 Activation o f Mechanical Ventilation Systems. For both A-Class fire protection rating, and tile fire door ~..".~.~|~ from die mechanical ventilation and pressurized enclosure systems, the vestibule to die enclosure shall have not less allan ai::::~'Cl,'~ fire activation of die systems shall be initiated by a smoke detector protect ion rating. ":':::"

(b) Doors shall be designed to minimize air leakage mad shall be self-closing or shall be antomatic-dosing by acutation of a smoke detector witllin 3 m (9.8 It) of the vestibule door.

(c) Where access to the enclosure is by means of,an open deck, file door assembly to die enclosure shall llave an A-Class fire protect ion rating and shall be self-closing or shall be automatic- closing by actuation of a smoke detector mad also remotely from the bridge, a central control station, or another location fl]at is continuously manned.

5-2.3.8 Mechanical Ventilation. S i n , k e p t , o f enclosures by mechanical ventilation shall comply widl all of die following:

(a) The door ,'~ssembly from die vessel into the vestibule shall have an A-Class fire protect ion rating, and the door assembly f rom die vestibule to die enclosure shall have not less dlan a B-Class fire protect ion rating. The door to the enclosure shall be designed and installed to minimize air leakage. The doors shall be self-closing or shall be antomatic-closing by actuation of a smoke detector located widfin 3 m (9.8 It)of the vestibule door mad also remotely from die bridge, a central control station, or an . f l i e r location that is continuously manned.

(b) In the smoke control mode, tile vestibule shall be provided widl not less thmi one ,'fir change per minute, and d~e exhaust shall be 150 percent of the supply. Supply air shall enter and exhmlst air

installed in an approved locadon within 3"m (9.8 ft) of tile entrance to die smokeproof enclosure; or by ,an antomatic sprinkler system; or by remote manual operat ion from die bridge, a central control station, or , t i e r location that is continuously manned .

5-2.3.11 Door Closers. The activation of an antomatic-closing device on any door in die smokeproof enclosure shall activate all o ther automatic-closing devices on doors in die smokeproof enclosure.

5-2.3.12 Standby Power. Standby power for mechanical ventilation equ ipment shall be provided by an emergency source of power.

5-2.3.13 Testing. Before the mechanical equ ipment is accepted by the autllority having jurisdiction, it shall be tested to confirm fllat tile mechanical equ ipment is operat ing in compliance with these requirements .

5-2.3.14 Emergency Lighting. All smokeproof enclosures and vestibules shaU be provided wit1 emergency lighting powered by tile standby power system (see 5-2.3.12).

5-2.4 Horizontal Exits.

5-2.4.1 Application. Horizontal exits shall be permit ted to be substituted for o ther exits to file extent dlat file total egress capacity of tile odler exits (stairs, ramps, doors leading outside the vessel)

124

NFPA 301 - - A98 R O C (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

will n o t be r e d u c e d be low h a l f t h a t r e q u i r e d for the e n t i r e d e c k a r e a of t i le o c c u p a n c y i f no h o r i z o n t a l ex i t ex is ted .

5-2.4.2 H o r i z o n t a l Ex i t Div is ion .

5-2.4.2.1 Every a r e a for w h i c h c r ed i t is a l l owed in c o n n e c t i o n wi th a h o r i z o n t a l ex i t shal l have, in a d d i t i o n to the ho r i zon t a l ex i t o r exits, a t l eas t one s ta i rway or d o o r w a y l e a d i n g ou t s ide or o t l l e r ex i t d i a l is n o t a ho r i zon t a l exit.

5-2.4.2.2 Every h o r i z o a t a l ex i t fo r which c r ed i t is g iven shal l he a r r a n g e d so t h a t t h e r e a re c o n t i n u o u s l y ava i l ab le pa ths of t ravel l e a d i n g f r o m each s ide of the ex i t to stairways or ot laer m e a n s of egress l e a d i n g to an a r e a of re f i lge or e m h a r k a t i o n area.

5-2.4.3 Eg re s s f r o m H o r i z o n t a l Exlt.s. W h e r e t i le ho r i zon t a l ex i t is i n t e n d e d to be u s e d for egress f r o m b o t h s ides of a h o r i z o n t a l exit , t he d e c k a r e a on e i t h e r s ide of a ho r i zon t :d ex i t shal l be suf f ic ien t to h o l d t i le o c c u p a n t s of b o t h f l oo r areas , a l l owing n o t less t l l an 0.30 m ~ (3.2 ft ~) c l ea r f l oo r a r e a p e r person .

Exception: Special deck area requirements in health care occupancies as provided in Chapter 9.

5-2.4.4 D o o r s in H o r i z o n t a l Ex i t s .

Table 5-2.5.2 Ram ,s M i n i m u m widd~ c lea r o f al l

obs t ruc t ions , e x c e p t p r o j e c t i o n s

n o t e x c e e d i n g 9 cm (3.5 in.) a t or b e l o w h a n d r a i l h e i g b t on each s ide

M a x i m u m s lope

M a x i m u m cross s lope M a x i m u m rise for s ing le

r an lp ruff

115 cm (45 in.)

1 in 12 for 15 cm (6 in.) a n d g r e a t e r rise, 1 in 10 for > 7.5 cm (3 in.) r ise a n d <15 cm (6 in,) rise, 1 in 8 for 7.5 cm (3 in.) or less rise, 1 in 48 75 cm (30 in.)

Exception: Aisle ramps as permitted for accommodation occupancies in Chapters 8 through 19.

5-2.5.3 Ramp Details.

5-2.5.3.1 Land ings . R a m p s shal l have l a n d i n g s a t d i e top, a t the bo t t om, a n d a t d o o r s o p e n i n g o n t o d i e r a m p . T h e s lope of file l a n d i n g sha l l n o t be s t e e p e r d~an 1 in 50. Every l a n d i n g shal l have a d i m e n s i o n m e a s u r e d in dae d i r e c t i o n of t ravel n o t less t i t an d i e

5-2 4 4 1 Doors in h o r i z o n t a l exi ts sha l l c o m n l v widl 5-9 1 4 widfl l o f d i e r amp . Such d i m e n s i o n n e e d n o t e x c e e d 120 cm (47.2 . . . . ~ " -" " " in.) w h e r e d i e ~ . J ~ a s a s t r a i g h t run .

Exception: Sliding door, in engineering and machinery space . . . . . . . . ,J"~".'~'":% . . . . . . . . a z a ~ z anl? ,-o, m s t a n c e ~ r a m p snml nave a snp res i s tan t occul~ancies as t~rovided in Chapter 12, and in storage occulJancies as " • • • :!:.i~.~.:.:.!'.. "

"" " ha~ - ~ - su r face . ::'-::- "~:::: :::.'~.- provided tn C pVo-r 13. c~:..."i~:- ":~i~!.":~":,,

. . . . . 5-2 5 3 ~ i i i " ~ g e s i~!i~ix~ction o f Trave l . C h a n g e s in d i r e c t i o n of 5-2.4.4.2 W h e r e s w m ~ m g f i re d o o r s a re u s e d m h o r i z o n t a l exi ts " " .'~.~::::::::...:. ~. ,, , -::::::::::.:..:.., , . ,. ~ , tla~v ~la~ll cn,'aw~lv w l t l ' ~ t | ~ Odlnwlncr- ' trave~i:.~'a ,',fl~C~-.,gllan ne rr~a~.~:~onq a t l a n a t n s. ~,amps a n a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e : - : -" . - - . - - : - : - - - . . g . .

: v J ~, nlt.e....gmed~.~te l a n d i n g s s ~ l c o n u n u e wafll n o d e c r e a s e m wldfl l a sl ~ ~.|~ the ectaon of egress t ravel ( , ) T h e y la l swim, in t i le d i r e c t i o n of e g r e ~ travel , a n d J " ~ i : . . ~ : . " ~" "

. . . . . . . : : : : : : : : : : : :~ . : : : : - : . - . '~: : . :~; ,

• • • 5-2 5":~i~:..~i".~. r o p - O f f s R a m p s a n d l a n d i n g s wid l drop-offs shal l have ¢b) W h e r e a homzon ta l ex i t serves a reas on b o t h s /des o f a f i re . . . . . . . ~:-~. . " ~ . . " ba r r i e r , d l e r e sha l l be a d j a c e n t o p e n i n g s wi th s w i n g i n g doors , <:i::: ...... curbs , w~..l~!~.:r..,?.:~ngs, o r , p r o j e c u n g s u r t a ~ s m a t p r e v e n t peop le ,

. . . . . . . . '-'.::::::::::::.:-... I r o m travetl.~$~:.'ott t i le e o g e o t t he r amp . t~urus or ba r r i e r s snai l De a oDen ln~ in ODDOS te d i r e c t i o n s wltll s ~ns on e a c b s ide of t i le f i re "-.::::::::::::::::... . -... , . ~., . - : , . v . ":::~'~:'::::::~.~'" ~ooum ~ ' 1 0 cm (3 9 m ) m h e i g h t b a r r i e r m d l c a U n g d~e d o o r t h a t s w n g s wltl l t he t ravel f r o m t h a t ::i~:. " v~i~i~:i:~..'..::::......:.::. " "

s ide , or ........... :: . . . . ":~iii:::i.ii~-~-5:'~::"Ramps Se rv ing as R e q u i r e d M e a n s o f Egress .

(c) T h e y shal l be of a n y o i l i e r a p p r o v e d a r r ~ l g e m e n t ~ v ~ . ::~iii, "~ . . 5~'~5 3 5 1 All r a m p s se rv ing as r e q u i r e d mear~s of egress shal l be d~at d o o r s always swin~ with any ooss ib le egress travel...::~ii::: "%: %:.:~-: • • • _ . .

- - v . - - . . . . . . C O A~:'.~?~i-:i::, ::~L:.:.:.:.~. ,~..:, .~:::+~permanent f ixed ons t rucU n.

t5-2Ai41i3izDeOOrrSlle~h:ge~ZOntal exi ts sha l l be d e s i g n e d a n ~ t r ~ l e ~ -,.:.:.:-. 5of2~;3~2mAi;aol~PoUSed~sbasl~.~nsofegr~.ssT~]aeallbmep~inoStrrUCtc~ d

.--~;~:~i~i~..::.-::iiii!i~i~r .... "::~iii!~:: ........ 5-2.4.4.4 All f i re d o o r s in h o r i z o n t a l exi ts s [~ t i be s~$~sing'~!i~.;:i.::: ' l a n d i n g s shal l be so l id a n d w i t h o u t pe r fo ra t ions . a u t o m a t i c - c l o s i n g in a c c o r d a n c e widl 5-2.:~ H o r i z o n / ~ . i ~ i t ~ t r s l o c a t e d across a c o r r i d o r sha l l be a u t o r d f . / ] ~ t ~ s i n g in ~ i :~brdance Exception: Deck coverings complying with 6-3.4. with 5-2.1.7.

":-~i~iii~::.. f::" 5-2.4.5 B o u n d a r i e s f o r H o r i z o n t a l Exits . B o u n ~ i ¢ ~ : p a r a t i n g a reas b e t w e e n wh ich d l e r e a re h o r i z o n t a l exi ts shalJi~.~ A-60 Class. T h e y sha l l p r o v i d e a s e p a r a t i o n c o n t i m m u s f r o m s~iteshell to s ideshe l l a n d d e c k to deck . (See also 6-2.3.)

Exception No. 1: Where an A-60-Class bounda~ is used to provide a horizontal exit in any deck of a vessel, it shall not be required on other decks i f the decks on which the bounda~ is omitted are separated from the deck with the horizontc~l exit by an A-60-Class deck.

Exception No. 2: As othe~wise provided in Chapters 17 through 19.

5-2.5 Ramps .

5-2.5.1 Gene ra l . Ew-wy r a m p u s e d as a c o m p o n e n t in a m e a n s of egress sha l l c o n f o r m to t he g e n e r a l r e q u i r e m e n t s o f Sec t ion 5-1 a n d to d i e spec ia l r e q u i r e m e n t s of dfis subsec t ion .

5-2.5.2 D i m e n s i o n a l Cr i t e r ia . R a m p s shal l be in a c c o r d a n c e witl l d i e fo l l owing table :

5-2.5.4 G u a r d s a n d H a n d r a i l s . Gua rd~ c o m p l y i n g wifll 5-2.2.4 shal l be p r o v i d e d for r amps . H a n d r a i l s c o m p l y i n g wi th 5-2.2.4 sha l l be p r o v i d e d a l o n g b o d l s ides of a r a m p s e g m e n t s t e e p e r allan 1 in 20. T h e h e i g h t o f h a n d r a i l s a n d g u a r d s shal l he m e a s u r e d ver t ical ly to t i le t op of t he g u a r d or rail f r o m d i e w a l k i n g sur face a d j a c e n t t he re to .

ExctTOtion: Guards and handrails provided for ramped aisles in accommodation occupancies in accordance with Chapter 8.

5-2.5.5 Spec ia l P r o v i s i o n s fo r O u t s i d e R a m p s . Ba lcon ies or l a n d i n g s to which d o o r s l ead shal l be a p p r o x i m a t e l y level with t i le d e c k of dae vessel.

5-2.5.6 W a t e r A c c u m u l a t i o n . O u t s i d e r a m p s a n d l a n d i n g s sha l l be d e s i g n e d to p r e v e n t water f r o m a c c u m u l a t i n g on fl~eir surfaces .

5-2.5.7 E n c l o s u r e a n d P r o t e c t i o n o f R a m p s . R a m p s in a r e q u i r e d m e a n s of egress shal l be e n c l o s e d or p r o t e c t e d as a s ta i r in a c c o r d a n c e widl 5-2.2.6. T h e use of E x c e p t i o n 1 to 5-2.2.6.2 shal l n o t be p e r m i t t e d .

5-2.6 Exi t Passageways .

5-2.6.1 G e n e r a l . Ex i t passageways sha l l c o n f o r m to f i le g e n e r a l r e q u i r e m e n t s of Sec t ion 5-1 a n d to t he spec ia l r e q u i r e m e n t s of th is s u b s e c t i o n .

5-2.6.2 Enc losure . An ex i t passageway shal l be s e p a r a t e d f r o m o d l e r par t s o f t i le vessel ,as spec i f i ed in 5-1.3.1.

1 2 5


5-2.6.3 Stair Discharge. An exit passageway that serves as a discharge f rom a stair enclosure shall have the same fire-resistance rating mad opening protective fire protection rating as that required for the stair enclosure.

5-2.6.4 Width. The width of an exit passageway shall be adequate to accommodate the aggregate required capacity of ,all exits discharging through it.

Exception No. 1: Where an exit passageway serves ocentpants of the level of exit discharge as well as other decks, capacity shall not be required to be aggregated. (See 5-3.1.4.)

5-2.6.5 Deck. The deck shall be solid and without perforations.

5-2.7 Serv ice Stairs and Ladders .

5-2.7.1 General. Service stairs mad ladders are designed to be used for egress f rom areas by able-bodied crew.

5-2.7.2 Dimensional Criteria. Service stairs and ladders shall comply with the requirements of Table 5-2.7.2

Table 5-2.7.2 Stair Requirements Dimens ions

Minimum width 70 cm (27.5 in.)

(a) To provide access to unoccupied upper deck areas

(b) To provide a second means of egress from spaces subject to occupancy only by able-bodied crew

5-2.9.2 Alternating t read devices shall comply with the following:

(a) Handrails shall be provided on both sides of alternating tread devices in accordance with 5-2.2.4.5

(h) The clear width between handrails shall be a minimum of 45 cm (17.7 in.) and shall no t exceed 60 cm (23.6 in.)

(c) Headroom shall not be less than 2 m (6.6 ft)

(d) The angle of the device shall be between 50 and 68 degrees to horizontal

(e) The height of the riser shall no t exceed 25 cm (9.8 in.)

(f) Treads shall have a minimum projected tread depth of 15 cm (5.9 in.) measured in accordance with 5-2.2 with each tread providing 25 cm (9.8 in.) o f dep th including tread overlap

(g) A min imum distance of 15 cm (5.9 in.) shall be provided Minimum horizontal 70 cm (27.5 in.) between the stair h~4a. drail and any other object

. ~ . ~ : : . dimension of landing or (h) The initi.a.t.::~ii'ea~:":bf the stair shall begin at the same elevation plafforna ,as the p l a f f o ~ d i n g , or deck surface

Maximum riser height 30 cm (11.8 in.) ..:~-~ "~:~i~!~.-% Minimum net tread depth 17 cm (6.7 in.) (i) T h ~ : . ~ ) ' ~ r n a ~ : . e a d s shall not be laterally separated by more Minimum total tread depth 25 cm (9.8 in.) than 5~:~:~i~a.) ~~."]:~.!~......,- Hand rail height 85 cm to 95 cm (33.5 in. to .s::::-" ...:.:. ' %'.':::::~:.::.~

37.5 in.) ~i~ Th~i~ccupant Ioa~'~'erved shall not be more than three Minimum head room 2.0 m (6.6 ft) ~ i : . ,ii~i~.. - Spiral stairs A~ permitted by 5-2.2.2.7 5-2. | : ~ i i ~ ' ~ " ' ~ Refuge.

5-2.7.3 Construction Materials. Service stairs and ladders shall be "::'-.::.:~.:.:?:.:: .... 5-2.10.1 " : ~ . : . g f Refuge Details. constructed of steel or equivalent materials. : ~ : . - . ~ . . . . . . "~#~"~ ~ . . . . . . . . . . . .

".'-.K : ' ~ $ ~ : l , a ,.:Areas ot refuge snmt compty wma uae touowmg: :~:, .~:.:.:. ~::::::::::~ ,~--.- . . . . . .x. .<:::+ ~e-::::.'-.:-~.2::~ ~ Exceptton: Where otherwise permitted In Chapters 8 through 19. ~: .,::.~" "..:~,

~:-'.*?~-":?~i::.'... "~'..~.:~::-" (a) .~e bounded by A-60 bulkheads and decks 5-2.7.4 Construction and Installation. Service ladders s[#]'l c ~ i ~ l y '~i~: . . . . . . with the requirements o fANSIAI4 .3 , S a f e ~ C o d e f o r ~ L a ~ . ! ~ e p t t o n : As ottwrwtse promded m Chapters17 through19.

• #" -:':?.i:?-",:~....-.:~:~:~?:!:.. "~:::~:" Exc~Otion No. 1: Ladders installed with a pitch less than" 75 " ~ " sha~:'):iil!i!ii-~ ~ (b) Be located above dae waterline not be permitted . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ii-?.:';.-':, ""<"

~ii.'-'s:~.:':-..:.~!:.... "%~i~i~i::....-.:-::. (c) Be a smokeproof enclosure in accordance with 5-2.3 • . ..::::." , "~:' . ':::::::~. x$::: : : : : :~: ,"

Exce~twn No. 2: Combustible ladders shall not ~ ~erm, ttehY~.'..::::::::::, ".::::.-:-" - - :::'.".-:i~:i-:..'::,- '%% #~:::" Exception No. 1 to (c): The smokeproof endosure shall not be required in

5-2.8 Vertical Ladders. 6 +. "~:;:.::-..::::::::::::.. '~':.~-'~.::::_: a vessel that. is. protected throughout b,) an approved, supervised "::i'iii-!::!!i i . . . . . ,:'!y automatw sprmkler system.

5-2.8.1 General• Vertical ladders shall be p e r n : i $ ~ to . .~ used for access or means of escape as provided by Chapter~::-~]i~i~rough 19. Exc.eptton No. 2 to (c): Weather deck areas of refuga

~<~::" . . 5-2.8.2 Construction and Installation. Vertical lad'flees shall be 5-2.10.1.2 Ducts shall be permit ted to penetrate such barriers, constructed of steel unless prohibi ted by o ther provisions of this code, and shall be

Exception: Where specifically permitted b 3 Chapters 17 through l 9.

5-2.8.2.1 Each ladder used ,as a means of escape shall be mounted at least 18 cm (7 in.) f rom the nearest pe rmanen t object in back of the ladder.

5-2.8.2.2 Rungs shall be constructed as follows:

(a) At least 40.5 cm (16 in.) in width

(b) Not more than 30.5 cm (12 in.) apart, and uniformly spaced for length of the ladder with at least 11 cm (4.5 in.) clearance above each rung

5-2.8.2.3 When a deck scnttle serves as a means of escape, it shall not be less than 45.5 cm (18 in.) in d iameter and shall be fitted with a quick acting release and a holdback device to hold the scuttle in an open posit ion.

5-2.8.3 The lowest rung of any ladder shall be not more than 30 cm (11.8 in.) above the level of the surface beneath it.

5-2.9* Alternat ing T r e a d Devices .

provided with smoke-actuated dampers meet ing dae requirements of UL 555S, Standard for Safety Leakage Rated Dampers [or Use in Smoke Control Systems, or other approved means to resJst the transfer of smoke into the area of refuge.

5-2.10.2 Areas of refilge shall have access to an embarkation area, by means of a protected exit.

5-2.10.3 Where the exit used to provide egress from an area of refiJge to an embarkation area (as required by 5-2.11.2.2) includes stairs, they shall comply with 5-2.2.

5-2.10.4 The area of refiJge shall be provided with a two-way communicat ion system for communicat ion between the area of refi~ge and a central control point. The door to the area of refuge shall be identified by signage.

5-2.10.5 Instructions for summoning assistance, via the two-way communicat ion system, and written identification of the area of refuge location shall be posted adjacent to the two-way communica t ion system.

5-3 Capacity o f Means o f Egress.

5-3.1 O c c u p a n t Load . 5-2.9.1 Alternating tread devices complying with 5-2.10.2 shall be permit ted to be used only as follows:

126


5-3.1.1 The total capacity of the means of egress for any deck, balcony, or o ther occupied space shall be sufficient for die occupan t load thereof.

5-3.1.2 The occupan t load in any vessel or port ion the reo f shall no t be ,assumed to be less than file n u m b e r de t e rmined by dividing the deck area ass igned to that use by the occupan t load factor as

ecified in Chapters 8 t h r o u g h 16 for individual occupancies. lere boda gross and ne t a rea f igures are given for the same

occupancy, calculations shall be made applying die gross area f igure to die gross area o f die por t ion o f the vessel devoted to die use for which file groin area f igure is specified and applying fine ne t a rea f igure to the ne t area of die specific use for which die ne t a rea f igure is specified.

5-3.1.3 The occupant load permi t ted in any vessel or port ion d le reof shall be permi t ted to be increased f rom dlat n u m b e r establ ished for the given use as specified in 5-3.1.2, where all o ther r equ i r emen t s of this code are also met , based on such increased number . T h e author i ty having jur isdic t ion shall be permi t ted to require an approved :dsle, seating, or f ixed e q u i p m e n t d iagram to substant ia te any increase in occupan t load and shall be permi t ted to require that such d iagram be posted in an approved location.

5-3.1.4 Where exits serve more d lan one deck, only die occupan t load of each deck considered individually need be used in

5-3.4.2 Where a single exit access leads to an exit, its capacity in te rms of width shall be at least equal to die requi red capacity of the exit to wlfich it leads. Where more than one exit access leads to an exit, each shall have a widdl adequate for d ie n u m b e r of persons it shall a ccommoda t e .

5-4 Number of Means of Egress.

5-4.1 General.

5-4.1.1 "/'lie m i n i m u m n u m b e r o f separate means o f egress f rom any deck, occupancy, or por t ion daereof, shall be two.

Exception; As otherwise permitted by Chapters 17 through 19.

5-4.1.2 The m i n i m u m n u m b e r of means of egress f rom any mezzanine, deck, or por t ion the reof shall be two.

Excz~ption No. I: Where a single means of egress is permitted by Chapters 8 through 19.

Exception No. 2: A mezzanine shall be permitted to have a single means of egress provided the common path of travel limitations of Chapters 8 through 19 are not exceeded.

5-4.1.3 Only die egress r equ i rements of each level considered compu t ing the capacity of the exits at that deck, provided required individually shall be. requi red to be used in compu t ing the n u m b e r egress capacity of die exit shall no t be decreased in die direction of of means of e g r e s ~ i $ . h a t level, provided tha t the requi red n u m b e r egress travel, o f means o f e g ~ " s l l~ . ' no t be decreased in die direct ion o f egress

travel. ,:~%$~'.-'i::- 5-3.1.5 Where means of egress f rom decks above and below ~!~ "%!!i~'i::.. converge at an in termedia te deck the capacity of die means of 5-5 A r r a j a g ~ e n t d:~i"..~..~ans o f Egress. egress f rom tile point of convergence shall be not less than die sum .,::-,~i~iii-:ii~'~::.. :'% ":~!?..:...,~:. of the two. 5-5.1s.:~i~en~l. " ~ # " ~-. % ,¢" 5-3.1.6 Where any requi red egress capacity f rom a mezzanine ~ ~ : ~ . E~.~...zball be Io'i:ated and exit access shall be a r ranged so passes througl l die space below, dlat required capacity shall be dlat"6~Mj!~i:~":~eadily accessible at all rimes. added to the requi red egress capacity of die space in which it is "*.-:i~i~!.."-.~:.. located. ..-!--.:::::... 5-5.1.2 ~ .e : : :~ -x i t s are no t immediate ly accessible f rom an open

~liii~i~i~..e...ck area, ~ " and con t inuous passageways, aisles, or corr idors 5-3.2 Measu remen t o f Means o f Egre~s. Width of means o f egress %. " % l ~ . . d i . . ~ ' i : t l y to every exit shall be main ta ined and shall be shall be measu red in die clear at the narrowest point of the exit "~ii:: . , ~ : ~ o provide access for each occupan t to at least two exits c o m p o n e n t u n d e r considera t ion . . . . .:::::.'.-::::,, ":i.::::::ii!;'[Sy s e ~ : a t e ways of travel.

Excz'ption: Projections not to exceed 8 em (3.1 in.) on each.:.g~,~e are'%?: "~':::.i~...~(~.eption No. 1: Where a single exit is permitted b~ Chapters 8 through permitted at and below handrail height. ~::~::;!i%':!::, ::.:::ii~'..',,::::::::..., ':~:..i.]-i~:9. - - • :9" "-::::::::::::~ .::~::'~:~.:::.::::-'..~. ::~ "~" .'.::...':..~:!:?.:.:..:.::. ".~'..':::...::?: 5-3.3 Egress Capacity. .,.:.::~.,.::. "::%~':ii~::. ~:"-':-:::" Exception No. 2: Where common paths of travel are perm, tted for an

..6::':'-':~":::~i .... "::%.:".-!~::, . ~ : . oecupane 3 by Chapters 8 through 19, such common paths of travel shall be 5-3.3.1 Egress capacity for c o m p o n e n t s of ~:~:tns o ~ : ' ~ : ~ sha]$i::~ + permitted but shall not exceed the limit specified. based on die following: ~JJiii~ '::~ii::i~i~ j : : '

"~"%ii'-".:;.'i~ ~iiii.';..'ii " 5-5.1.3 Where more allan one exit is required f rom an occupancy, Use Stairway width

(cm per person) [in. p e r person]

All odler 0.8 [0.3]

LevYing..¢n p o n e r,.i.~ and ramp~!i~.th # per

person) l:~i:.~:~ person] 0.5~J.0.2 ]

Exception: Stairvmy u~dths shall be permitted to be sized in accordance with IMO Assembly Resolution A 757.

5-3.3.2 The requi red capacity of a corridor is die occupan t load utilizing die corridor for exit access divided by tile requi red n u m b e r of exits to which die corr idor connects , bu t shall no t be less than the required capacity of die exit to which die corr idor leads.

5-3.4 Min imum Width.

5-3.4.1 T h e m i n i m u m width of any means of egress shaU be as specified for a given egress c o m p o n e n t by Chapter 5 or for individual occupancies by Chapters 8 d l rough 19.

Excgption No. 1: The minimum width of exit access formed by furniture and movable partition,t, serving not more than six people and less than 15 m (49.2fl) in length, shall be not less than 50 cm (19.7 in.) at and below 100 cm (39.4 in.) height or 70 em (27.6 in.) above 100 cm (39.4 in.) height, provided the minimum 90 em (35. 4 in.) can be provided without moving pe*manent bulkheads.

Exception No. 2: Doors as provided for in 5-2.1.3.

Exception No. 3 Aisles and aisle accessways in accommodation occupancies as provided in Chapter 19.

such exits shall be remote ly located f rom each o ther and shall be a r ranged and cons t ruc ted to minimize file possibility that m o re than one can be blocked by any one fire or o ther emergency condi t ion .

5-5.1.4" If two exits or exit access doors are required, they shall be placed at a dis tance f rom one a n o d l e r equal to, but no t less fllan, one-half the lengdl of the m a x i m u m overall diagonal d imens ion of die occupancy or area to be served, measu red in a s t raight line between die neares t edge of die exit doors or exit access doors. Where exit enclosures are provided as the requi red exits and are in te rconnec ted by a passageway con fo rming to the requ i rements of 5-1.3.5, exit separa t ion shall be permi t ted to be measu red a long die line of travel within die corridor.

Where more d ian two exits or exit access doors are required, at least two of the requi red exits or exit access doors shall be a r ranged to comply with d ie above. The o ther exits or exit access doors shall be located so that if one becomes blocked, die odlers will be available.

Exception: In vessels protected throughout t~ an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Seawn 7-2.2, the minimum separation distance between two exits or exit access doors measured in ~ordance with 5-5. I. 4 shall be not less than one third the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the area to be served.

5-5.1.5" Inter locking or scissor stairs shall be permi t ted to be considered separate exits if enclosed in accordance widl 5-1.3.1 and separated f rom each o ther by A-Class ra ted construct ion. The re shall be no pene t ra t ions or c o m m u n i c a t i n g openings , whe the r protec ted or not, between the stair enclosures.

127


5-5.1.6 Exit access shall be a r ranged so that tiaere are no dead ends in corridors.

Exception: Where dead ends are permitted by. Chapters 8 through 19, such dead ends shall not exceed the limit specified.

5-5.1.7 Exit access f rom spaces shall be permi t ted to be t h rough adjo in ing or in te rvening spaces or ,areas, provided such ad jo in ing spaces are accessory to tire a rea served. Foyers, lobbies, and recept ion rooms cons t ruc ted as requi red for corridors shall no t be cons t rued as in te rvening spaces.

5-5.2 Imped imen t s to Egress. (See also 5-1.7 and 5-Z1.5.)

5-5.2.1 In no case shall access to an exit be t h rough galleys, s torerooms, restrooms, eng inee r ing and mach ine ry spaces, closets, s ta te rooms or similar spaces, or any spaces with doors flint can he locked.

Exception: Exit access in specific occu[~ancies shall be permitted to pass through rooms or spaces subject to lockzng as provided in Chapter 9.

5-5,2.2* Exit access a n d exit doors shall be des igned a n d a r ranged to be clearly recognizable. Hangings or draper ies shall no t be placed over exit doors or otherwise located to conceal or obscure

and tile deck below, tile dis tance shall include tile travel on fine stairway or r amp and ti~e travel f rom tile end of tide stairway or r amp to an outside door or o ther exit in addit ion to tile distance traveled to reach tide stairway or ramp.

5-6.4 Travel Distance Limitations. Travel dis tance limitations shall be as provided in Chapters 8 d l rough 19.

5-6.5 Where any par t of an exterior exit is widfin 3 m (9.8 ft) horizontal dis tance o f any unpro tec t ed vessel opening , as permi t ted by ti~e Except ions to 5-2.2.6.2 for outside stairs, tide travel distance to the exit shall include ti~e length of wavel to the embarkat ion area or a rea of refuge.

5-7 Discharge f rom Exits.

5-7.1 All exits shall t e rmina te directly at an exit discharge, an area of refuge, or an embarka t ion area. O p e n decks, or o ther port ions of the exit discharge, shall be of reqtfired widd~ and size to provide all occupants wida a safe access to an embarka t ion area.

Exception No. 1: Interior exit discharge as permitted by 5-7.2.

Exception No. 2: Open deck exit discharge as permitted b3 5-7.5.

5-7.2 At least 50 pe rcen t of tile requi red n u m b e r of exits, any exit. Mirrors shall no t be placed on exit doors. Mirrors shall compris ing at least ~.O pe rcen t of d ie requi red egress capacity, shall no t be placed in or adjacent to any exit in such a m a n n e r as to discharge d i r e c d ~ , a rea of refuge or an embarka t ion area. confuse the direct ion of exit. Exits no t d i sch~ ing" f f~ :an area o f refuge or an embarkat ion area

shall mee t d}.¢~f~.]]~wing r equ i r emen t s : 5-5.3 Exterior Ways o f Exit Access. .'-.':~i~" ":":~i'~'-"ii-:'.::.

(a) L¢ .~ l '~ :a f r e ~ . d unobs t ruc ted way to an area of refnge or 5-5.3.1 Exit access shall be permi t ted to be by means of ,any embag.~.~i'~Si~ea t i l~ i£e .a .d i ly visible and identifiable f rom fl~e exterior l and ing or open deck that conforms to the r equ i rements of poiil~.-::::8~ dis'i~iarge f ronJ:~ ' : :exi t .... this chapter . ,f'i'~. %: ~:#::"

,:i!ii(Iff~i::::i!~.ro~.~g.protection t h r o n g h o u t by an approved, automat ic 5-5.3.2 The long side of dae landing or open deck shall be at least spr i i i~}~# '~"f ia or have dae por t ion of tide level of discharge used 50 pe rcen t open and shall be a r ranged to prevent tile accumula t ion for t i f i ' ~ ~ : p o s e pro tec ted by an approved, au tomat ic sprinkler of smoke. .:,:.:.-.:: ...... system m'i~.::i~.~.~ated f rom die nonspr in lde red por t ion of the deck

~iiii!i!~::iiii~i!~g.fire r e s i ~ ' c e - r a t e d const ruct ion that meets tide requ i rements 5-5.5.5 Exterior exit-access landings shall be separated f rom tide % ""~':~g~..~.-.g;.e~6sure of exits (see 5-1.3.1) inter ior o f the vessels by bu lkheads and open ing protectives as % ..::'{.}~":"~"~.~;'~ requi red for corr idors . . . . . . .':::.'.--':.;~ ":'~xcep~:'~- As pwvided otherwise by Chapters 17 through 19.

Exception: Where the exterior exit access landing is served..~"at/e~::i:' "%::i~) Provide separa t ion f rom areas below by construct ion having a two remote stairs that can be accessed without any occup.a..~i:-?:~..ding..i~:...-::.:." %, :~i~'re-resisuuace rat ing no t less t han dmt required for the exit travel trust an unbrotected o~ening to reach one of the stdirs x..~.:.~::.~:.~::~ "x':i~."-:'~:::.:.::'~?" enc losure

r ~ - • " " : : : 5 : + : + : "'::::~:::::::.>"

5-5.3.4 The re shall be no obst ruct ion by raili..ff~!~!!~e...Cs~ o"/<i~e.s~:. Exception to (c): Levels below the level of discharge shall be permitted to that divide the open space into sections ap[..~'~"tenanf'~-$1adivid:i:~["::" be open to the level of discharge in an atrium in accordance with 6-2.4.6. rooms or o the r subdivisions. ~:-:::~- "::'{{!i!i*: .-~{Y"

-J:~3iii~::. ":~.:.'?:.~ 5-7.-g The exit d ischarge shall be a r ranged and marked to make 5-5,3.5 An exterior exit access shall be a r r a l ~ ' ~ i ~o that t ~ r e are no dead ends in excess of 6 m (19.7 ft). "::iiiiiii!!!~ . . . . . . .:..'ji ....

5-5.3.6 Any landing or o ther exterior exit access t i ~ J r o j e c t s 5-7.4 Doors, stairs, ramps, passageways, landings, and o ther beyond file outside bulkhead of the vessel shall co~'ply wid~ the c o m p o n e n t s of an exit discharge shall comply witi-, tide detai led r equ i r emen t s of dais chapter as to width and a r r angemen t .

5-5.3.7 An exter ior exit access shall have solid, substantially level decks and shall have guards that are at least equivalent to those specified in 5-2.2.4 on unenc losed sides more than 75 cm (29.5 in.) above die deck or level below.

5-5.3.8 The materials of const ruct ion shall be as permi t ted for file vessel occupancy served.

5-6 M e a s u r e m e n t o f Travel Distance to Exits.

5-6.1 The m a x i m u m travel dis tance in any occupied space to at least one exit, m e a s u r e d in accordance with the following requi rements , shall no t exceed the limits specified by this code (see 5-6.4).

5-6.2 The travel dis tance to an exit shall be measu red on the deck or o ther walking surface a long the centerl ine of the natural path of travel s tart ing f rom the mos t remote po in t subject to occupancy, curving a ronnd ,any corners or obstrnct ions with a 0.3 m (1,0 ft) clearance theref rom, and end ing at the cen te r of d~e doorway or o ther poin t at which the exit begins. Where m e a s u r e m e n t includes stairs, the m e a s u r e m e n t shall be taken in the plane of the tread nosing.

5-6.3 Where open stairways or ramps are permi t ted as a pa th o f travel to requi red exits, such as between mezzanines or balconies

d e a r the direct ion of egress to an area of refuge or an embarkat ion area. (See 5-2.2.3.6.)

r equ i rements of fills chap te r for such componen t s .

5-7.5 WeaOterdeck exit discharge shall be permi t ted where die following r equ i r emen t s are met:

(a) Discharge is to open decks

(b) Tile open deck has a fire-resistance rat ing at least the equivalent of tha t requi red for tile exit enclosure

(c) The re is a con t inuous and safe m e a n s o f egress f rom tile open deck to an area of refuge or an embarka t ion area

5-8 I l lumination of Means of Egress.

5-8.1 General.

5-8.1.1 I l luminat ion of means of egress shall be provided in accordance with dais section for every vessel where required in Chapters 8 t h r o u g h 19. For the purposes of this requ i rement , exit access shMI include only des igna ted stairs, aisles, ramps, and passageways leading to an exit. For the purposes of dais requ i rement , exit disclmrge shall include only des ignated stairs, aisles, ramps, walkways, and passageways leading to an embarka t ion area.

5-8.1.2 I lhlminat ion o f me .ms of egress shall be con t inuous dur ing the t ime flint the condi t ions of occupancy require tha t the means of

128

N F P A 301 - - A98 ROC (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

egress be available for use. Artificial l ighting shall be employed at such places and for such periods of time as required to maintain the illumination to d~e minimum criteria values here in specified.

5-8.1.3 The decks and other walking surfaces widfin an exit and widfin the portions of the exit access and exit discharge designated by 5-8.1.1 shall be il luminated to values of not less allan 10 Ix (1 foot-candle) measured at the deck.

5-8.1.4 Any required illumination shall be arranged so that the failure of any siiigle lighting unit, such as the burning out of an electric bulb, will not leave may area in darkness.

5-8.1.5 The equipment or units installed to meet the requirements of Section 5-10 shall be permit ted also to serve the function of illumination of means of egress, provided diat all applicable requirements of dais section for such illumination are met.

5-8.2 Sources of Illumination.

5-8.2.1 Illumination of means of egress shall be from the main power source.

5-8.2,2 No battery-operated electric light nor any type of portable lamp or lantern shall be used for primary illumination of means of

5-9.3 Testing and Maintenance. Emergency lighting shall be tested at least quarterly.

5-10 Marking of Means of Egress.

5-10.1 General.

5-10.1.1 Means of egress shall be marked in accordance with dais section where required by Chapters 8 darough 19.

Exczption: Marking of means of egress complying zolth 1340 Resolution A760 shall be permitted.

5-10.1.2 Exits shall be marked by an approved sign readily visible from any direction of exit access.

5-10.1.3 Access to exits shall be marked by approved, readily visible signs in all cases where the exit or way to reach it is not readily apparent to die occupants. Sign placement shall be such that no point in the exit access is more than 30 m (98 ft) from die nearest visible sign.

5-10.1.4 Where deck proximity exit signs are specifically required by Chapters 17 through 19, exit signs shall be placed near the deck level in addition to dlose signs required for doors or passageways.

egress. Battery-operated electric lights shall be permit ted to be used These signs shall be sized and il luminated in accordance with the as an emergency source to the extent pernfitted under Section 5-9. requirements of 5-1...0..2 and 5-10•3. The bottom of die sign shall be

not less dlan 15 c...~-~::,9 in.) nor more dl,-m 20 cm (7.9 in.) above 5-9 Emergency Lighting. the deck. For e~Ci~do~; d ie sign shall be moun ted on die door or

adjacent to t ! : ~ . r wida the closest edge of the sign widfin 10 cm 5-9.1 General. • (3.9 in.) .°~:i'~"e"::ii~iii. d:~.::,frame...::i#~ii::,

5-9.1.1 Emergency lighting facilities for means of egress shall be 5 - 1 0 . 1 , ~ . s i g n ~i~e..d/-:,by Section 5-10 shall be located and of provided in accordance with this section for all occupancies where suc!~#{]~e, d~ifinctive co'~'."?~nd design as to be readily visible arid required in Chapters 8 through 19. For die purposes of dais sl.l~.tj .pro~e contrast ~,itI1 decorations, interior finish, or odaer requirement , exit access shall include only designated stairs, aisles, ~ i ~ . N . o ,~gora t ions , furnishings, or equ ipment that impairs ramps, and passageways leading to ,an exit. For die purposes of dais visib'~l$~::~['~*'i~xit sign shaU be permitted, nor shall daere be may requirement , exit discharge shall include only designated stairs, brightf~!i~|.~minated sign (for odler allan exit purposes), display, or ramps, aisles, and walkways leading to an area of refitge or an ~.:.:!:.::.:.,. object in'::~iM.~fi" die line of vision of d ie required exit sign of such embarkation area. :~ilili~..c...haracte(':~:to detract at tention from die exit sign.

5-9.1.2 Where maintenance of illumination depends upon :'!iii: .5.~:~J~!~!~ili'~here deck proximity egress-path marking is specifically changing from one energy source to another, there shall b.e..::~,.o.~::::, "~'!.:iii-:;~'equig~'~ by Chapters 8 through 19, a listed and approved deck appreciable interrupt ion of illumination during die claa#:6~"e~+.'~: ":~i!i. proximity egress-path marking system flaat is internally illuminated Where emergency lighting is provided by a prime move~-'::~perat'~ ":!i~ll be installed wiflfin 20 cm (7.9 in.) of t i e deck. The system electric generator a delay of not more t / a n 45 s e c o ~ i i ~ l l b¢-'%~:~:~::::.... ~: £~/l~.~'[~'all provide a visible delineation of the pada of travel along the

• . , . - . . : : : : : : : : : : : . - ~ - - - . ~ . : . ~ . , . . . . . . . . .

permitted. ":~:~!~::.::~::" ""'::':.-::'~:i:::!~ designated exit access and sball be essentially conunuous, except as .............. ":"~ili~::.. ""::::':-:::::" ~nterrupted by doorways, hallways, passageways, or odler such

ff die emergency generator cannot meet die . ~ , ~ 1 ; . ~ , "~!!~::- 4 : : . architectural features. The system shall operate continuously or at requirement , then a transitional power sou.r...#~ shall ~uir~/~t.~-..:~"" any t ime die vessel fire alarm system is activated. The activation,

~:-*-:, ':-::.':'~ ,::iY" duration, and continuity of operation of die system shall be in 5-9.2 Per formance o f System. "S:':::":'s~.;..:::.. ::~iii " accordance with 5-9.2.

5-9.2.1 In the event o f failure of normal lighti~i~.t.nerg:.~cy 5-10.2 Size o f Signs. Every sign required by Section 5-10 shall have illumination shall be provided for a p e d o d of 8 1 ~ " ~ . ~ for twice the word "EXIT" or other appropriate wording in plainly legible die time necessary to travel to a harbor of safe r e f i ~ i ~ t any point letters no t less than 15 cm (5.9 in.) high with die principal strokes in die vessel's route, whichever is shorter, of letters not less thmi 2 cm (0.8 in.) wide. The word "EXIT" shall

have letters o f a widtla not less than 5 cm (2 in.), except the letter Emergency lighting facilities shall be arranged to provide initial

illumination dlat is not less than an average of 10 Ix (1 foot-candle) and a minimum at mJy point of I Ix (0.1 foot-candle) measured along die path of egress at deck level. Illumination levels shall be permit ted to decline to 6 Ix ( 0.6 foot-candle) average and a min imum at any point of 0.6 Ix (0.06 foot-candle) ,at the end of the emergency lighting time duration. A maximum-to-minimum illumination uniformity ratio of 40 to 1 shall not be exceeded•

5-9.2.2 The emergency lighting system shall be arranged to provide the required illumination automatically in the event of any interrnpt ion of normal lighting.

5-9.2.3 Emergency generators used to provide power to emergency lighting systems shall he installed, tested, and maintained in accordance with 46 C~'R Part 112 (Subchapter J).

5-9.2.4 Battery-operated emergency lights shall use only reliable types of rechargeable batteries provided witla suitable fadlities for maintaining them in properly charged condition. Batteries used in such lights or units shall be approved for their in tended use and shall comply with 46 CFR Parts 110-113 (SubchapterJ ) .

5-9.2.5 The emergeracy lighting system shall be either continuously in operat ion or shalt be capable of repeated automatic operat ion without manual intervention.

"i," and the min imum spacing between letters shall be not less than 1 cm (0.4 in.). Signs larger allan tile min imum established in this p,'wagraph shall have letter widdis, strokes, and spacing in proport ion to their height.

Exception No. I: Marking required by 5-10.1.4 and 5-10.1.6.

Exception No. 2: Listed exit signs, illuminated in accordance with 5- 10.3, shall be permitted to have letters not less than 15 on (5.9 in.) in height with the principal strokes of letters not less than 0.5 on (0.2 in.) in width with a letter width not less than 4 on (1.6 in.), except the letter "I."

5-10.3 Illumination of Signs.

5-10.3.1 Every sign required by 5-10.1.2 or 5-10.1.3 shall be suitably iUuntinated by a reliable light source. Externally and internally illuminated signs shall be visible in both die normal and emergency lighting mode.

5-10.3.2 Externally illuminated signs shall be illuminated by not less dlan 50 Ix (5 foot-candles) and shall employ a contrast rado of not less dlan 0.5.

5-10.3.3 The visibility of an internally illuminated sign shall be the equivalent of an externally il luminated sign dlat complies with 5- 10.3.2.

129


Exception No. 1: Self-luminous or electroluminescent signs that provide evenly iUuminated letters shall have a minimum luminance of 0.06 foot- lamberts (0.21 cd/m 2 ) as measured 1~. a color-corrected photometer.

5d0.3.4 Every sign required by 5-10.1.5 sball provide evenly i l luminated letters having a min imum hmtinance of 0.2 c d / m ~ (0.06 foot-lamberts).

Exception: Signs complying with the requirements of 5-10.3.3 shaU be acceptable.

5-10.3.5 Every sign required to be illuminated by 5-10.3 shall be continuously il luminated as required t inder rite provisions of Section 5-8.

Exception: Illumination for signs shall be permitted to flash on and off upon activation o f the fire alarm system.

5-10.3.6 Where emergency lighting facilities are required by rite applicable provisions of Chapters 8 through 19 for individual occupancies, d~e exit signs shall be i lhnninated by tile emergency lighting facilities. The level of illumination of the exit sign sball be at die levels provided in accordance with 5-10.3.2 or 5-10.3.3 for dte required emergency lighting t ime durat ion as specified in 5-9.2.1

Chapter 6 Features o f Fire Protection

6-1 General.

6-1.1 Application.

6-1.1.1 The features associated wiflt a vessel's fire protection construction shall comply with dais chapter.

6-2 Construction and Compartmentat ion.

6-2.1 Construction. Vessels shall be constructed entirely of noncombust ib le materials. Vessels classified in accordance widt Chapters 17 through 19 and having individual occupancies as classified in Chapters 8 flwough 16, shall mee t dae minimum constrtiction requirements of those chapters.

Exception: Where permitted by Chapters 8 through 19.

6-2.2 A material shall be noncombust ib le if one of the following criteria are satisfied.

Exception: The following materials are considered as inherently noncombustible and shall not be required to be tested for noncombustibility:

but shall be permit ted to decline to 60 percent of file illuminatiotl level at rite end of the emergency lighting time duration. (a) Sheet or block..g.:..lass, cla3, ceramics or uncoated glass fiber

. . . . ~.-.--~.::.~-:~. . . . . Excep tton: SelCf--lumtnous s~gns. (b) All metals.~ccept magnesium or rnagnesmm alloys

5-10.4 Specific Requirements. (c) P o r t l ~ c ~ : . g ~ p s u m , concrete with aggregates of only sand, grave~ v ~ l i t e , ~ perlite or pumice

• c . . . . ~--/::'~: ~:~:~:~: 5-10.4.1 Dire tmnai Signs. .::i.'.::::.*:~:'~.:....i~ "~:~:~i::-..-..::~" (d)..:j:f!Wovdi"::br knitted ~ : ~ a b r i c containing not more than 2.5 percent

5-10.4.1.1 A sign complying with 5-10,2 reading "EXIT" or a similar t ~ a n t ~ m a s s 4";" designation with a directional indicator showing the direction of ~::~'::'::.::":~13!~!::, ..:'~?..::.. travel shall be placed in every location where die direction of travel 6-2.~:~!i!~i~.:~rial shall be noncombust ible when tested in to reach tile nearest exit is not apparent , accord~ . ' g .wid t ISO 1182, Fire Test-Building Materials - - Non-

4":.:::.-,.. Combustili'~..~2.:Ti$~ 5-10.4.1.2 Tile directional indicator sllall be located outside of die '~;~#i~':%::-':-:- ~::~'..'i~.~:" EXIT legend, not less dmn 1 cm (0.4 in.) from any letter, and shall ":.ii~"*:'~'~.~-~i~.-.::~.l.Lq.:~erage furnace t i termocouple temperature rise as be permit ted to be integral to or s epa~ te from the sign body. The "% . . . ~ f i ~ f f i n 8.1.2 of ISO 1182 does no t exceed 30°C (86°F) directional indicator shall be of a chewon type as shown iB~t.g~*..re ~.:.i~:" .<ili-:' 5-10.4.1.2 and shall be identifiable as a directional indic~f~'~::~ii!i % (b) T h e average surface d~ermocouple temperature rise as minimnm distance of 30 m (98.4 ft) under all space il.[..m.":fiinati~" ":-".ii~ulated in 8.1.2 of ISO 1182 does not exceed 30°C (86°17) conditions. The directional indicators shall not be I ~ . a t t.l:*.".'~i.-::<..:..::,.. % ##:" end of dte sign opposite the direction indicated. ~ "::-~i::i~::::ii!::.~¢~:>""'~:::~i~i~i.:.-'~:i:ii: ":" "" (c) The mean durat ion of sustained f a m i n g as calculated in

......... "~i!~':: ":::-'-:i:* 8.2.2 of ISO 1182 does not exceed 10 seconds

":"ii~ii!~iji:: (d) Tile average mass loss as calculated in 8.3 of ISO 1182 does ..::.~::" not exceed 50 percent

6-2.2.2 A material shall be noncombust ible if it meets d3e criteria of IMO Assembly Resolution A472, Improved Recommendation on Test Method for Qualifying Marine Construction Materials as Non- Combustible.

6-2.3 Fire Barriers.

Figare 5-10.4.1.2 Chevron-type indicator.

5-10.4.2 Special Signs. Any door, p:tssageway, or stairway that is nei ther an exit nor a way of exit access and that is located or arranged so that it is likely to be mistaken for an exit shall be identified by a sign reading "NO EXIT". Such sign shall have tile word "NO" in letters 5 cm (2 in.) high widt stroke width of 1 cm (0.4 in.) and the word "EXIT" in letters 2.5 cm (1 in.) high, widt Ore word "EXIT" below the word "NO."

6-2.3.1. Fire-rated deck and bulkhead assemblies used as fire barriers to form fire compartments , as well as any exposed stanchions, beams, girders, or trusses suppor t ing such assemblies, shall be of a design fllat has been tested to meet tile conditions of acceptance as stipulated herein.

Exception: Where perraitted b 3 Chapters 8 through 16, a combustible, decorative finish, or veneer, may be used on ceilings and bulkheads designated as fire barriers, provided the f inish meets the requirements of Section 6-5.

6-2.3.2 Fire barriers, as well as any assemblies used to provide enclosure of openings in tile fire barriers, shall be rated as follows:

6-2.3.2.1 A-Class fire barriers shall be constructed of steel or equivalent material and shall be stiffened and made intact wit1 tile main structure of tile vessel. A Class includes die following:

(a) A-60 rating shall meet one of the following:

1. Constructed such fllat when file barrier assembly is subjected to dte standard fire t e s t - ASTM E-119, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials, ISO 8?,4, Fire Resistance Tests - -E lements of Building Construction, or equivalent, rite ,assembly shall prevent the passage of smoke and flame for 1 hour° Additionally, rite assembly shall provide thermal protection

130


such that tile average tempera ture on tile unexposed side does not rise more titan 140°C (284°F) above the original (ambient) temperature , nor shall file temperature at any single point, including any joint , rise more than 180°C (356°F) above tile original tempera ture within tile 1-hour time period.

2. The assembly shall satisfy the pe r fo rmance requirements wben tested without surface finishes per 1MO A.754 (18) Recommendation of Fire Resistance Test for "A, " "B, " and "F" Class Divisions as stated n Section 9, Performance Criteria.

(b) A-0 rating shall mee t dae requirements of 6-2.3.2.1(a), except that there are no thermal protect ion requirements.

6-2.3.2.2 B Class includes file following:

(a) !?,-15 rating shall meet one of the following:

1. Constructed such tilat wben the barrier ,assembly is subjected to tile s tandard fire test - - ASTM E-119, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials, ISO 834, Fire Resistance Tests - -E lements of Building Construction, or equivalent, dae assembly shall prevent tile passage of flame for 30 minutes. Additionally, the assembly shall provide fl~erm,M protect ion such that tile average temperature on tile nnexposed side does not rise more than 140°C (284°F) above the original (ambient) temperature, nor shall tile temperature at any single point, including any joint , rise more allan 225°C (4370F) above tile

6-2.3.3.2 A B-Class door shall mee t one of the following:

(a) Tested in accordance with ASTM F 1384, Standard Test Method for Fire Test of Marine Joiner Doors.

1. Tile door and frame assembly shall remain closed in fl~e opening for 30 minutes.

2. Tile door and frame assembly shall stop the penetrat ion of flame for 30 minutes.

3. Tile door shall not separate from the frame more tilan one arid one-half t imes dae dtickness of the door.

4. The average unexposed face temperature rise of die door, as de te rmined by tile five thermocouples located as stated in 7.2.1 and 7.2.2 of tile test method, shall not be more tilan 140°C (284°F), and the temperature rise, recorded by any of file individual nnexposed face dlermoconples, shall no t be more allan 225°C (437017) during tile per iod given below for each dassification:

* Class B-15 (15 minutes) • Class B-0 (0 minutes)

(b) NVIC 6-80, Guide to Structural Fire Protection Aboard Merchant Vessels

original temperature within tile initial 15 minutes of the test.

2. Tested without surface finishes and approved by meet ing the performance criteria suited when tested in accordance with IMO A.754 (18) Recommendation of Fire Resistance Test for "A," "B," and "F" Class Divisions.

(b) B--O rating shall meet tile requirements of 6-2.3.2.2(a),

.&... 6-2.3.4* Fire ~ ! ~ ' o ~ ' : ~ e m b l i e s shall be permit ted in fire-rated bulkheads h~.!!.g.. . .required fire resistance rating of A-0 or less and shall be of:~...a:~'prt~e rating for tile location in which installed. Fire windo~.~:shall Cf~i{iastalled in accordance with NFPA 80, Standf3..~i~-:'.~t~e Doo~':::~ ..E;~re Windows, and shall comply with tile folln.~:~ag: ":~" -~{ii} ".'r"

~i i~ . ! i~o. :~ . .dow assemblies shall be permit ted in fire-rated bulkP/~d~:"~/clj~icent to exterior areas of refuge or embarkation excluding dae dmrmal protect ion requirements. areas. "%iii-~.:,

(c) B-15 Class divisions that, when tested according to 6- .....':~:::~... '%~!ii!~::-...C##" 2.3.2.2(a) prevented tile passage of flame and ho t gases for 60 v~!i~.i.~:.:.~feption 1~'~i~i~i" Where protected by an approved device or system.

• ' . " : : - : " ~ x . : . : . : - - . . - . ' - : . . ; : : :p"

minutes shall be per ta ined to be used ,as components of A-Class g:':: "+::.':ili~ii::....':~..-:.-:......,....,,,y construct ion. {i'.'.. . ~ ? " N o . 2: Where otherwise permitted by Chapters 17 through 19.

6-2.3.2.3 C Class includes ti~e following: ..:.'.'J~:::::%iiii~: :~ili: (b) ":'Fire windows used in fire-rated bulkheads shall be of a ~.-:!:.:'i!" "'~j~: ~:.':'!~ign that has been tested to meet the conditions of acceptance of

(a) C-Class rating shall not be required to meet a..n...~::.~.t!ire~.~.,, "~ ::i~tFPA 257, Standard on Fire Test for Window and Glass Block relative to die.passage of smoke and flame nor tile l ~ i ~ ~y ........ "~ii.?.....'.....~ "Assemblies. temperature rise. ., :.::::..:::..-...::.:,.. ":~!!~!!!~!::,

..::.~::::'-":'::i.':.:~- ~'~:~::,. "~?i:i:i:]i:.. & (b) C'-Class rating must be constructed . o~ i i i !~onco~ jb l e "%i~,ii.::'::

material(s) and constructed to prevent tl~gli~ssage of ~ e .::if between adjacent areas. ":"" "%?:i!::!~::~ '%i

6-2.3.3 Door assemhlies in fire-rated bulkhea~J~'!{~aJl b~.::~ an appropriate rating for tile location in which inst ,~l~!i~:a sball comply witil die following: ,~,.:~-:'s-

6-2.3.3.1 Fire doors shall be self-closing or automatic-closing in accordance witii 5-2•1.7 and, where used within ti~e means of egress, shall comply with tile provisions of 5-2.1. A-Class doors sball meet one of the following:

(a) ASTM F 1384, Standard Test Method for Fire Test of Marine Joiner Doors•

1. The door and frame assembly shall remain closed in tile opening for 60 minutes.

2. The door and frame assembly shall stop the penetrat ion of flame for 60 minutes.

3. The door shall not separate f rom the frame more tb:m one and one-half times the thickness of tim door.

4. The average unexposed face temperature rise of the door, as de te rmined by tile five thermocouples located as stated in 7.2.1 and 7.2.2 of tile test method, shall no t be more than 140°C (284°F), and tile temperature rise, recorded by any of the individual unexposed face thermocouples, shall not be more than 180°C (356°F) dur ing tim period given below for each classification:

• Class A-60 (60 minutes) • Class A-0 (0 mimJtes)

(b) NVIC 6-80, Guide to Structural Fire Protection Aboard Merchant Vessels.

Exception: Where protected by a water curtain in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, or is provided with a protective system~device (see Appendix A-6.2.3.4).

6-2.5.5 Windows shall be permit ted in an A-60 boundary provided they have been tested to meet the A-60 criteria.

6-2.3.6 Every open ing in a fire barrier shall be protected to limit the spread of fire and restrict fine movement of smoke from one side of tim fire barrier to the other. Tile fire protection rating for opening protectives shall be identical to dlat of tim barrier in which it is installed.

6-2.3.7 Penetrations and Miscellaneous Openings in Fire Barriers•

6-2.3.7.1 Openings in fire barriers for air-handling ductwork or air movement shall be protected in accordance with Section 7-4.

6-2.3.7.2 Pipes, conduits, bus ducts, cables, wires, air ducts, pneumatic tubes and ducts, drive shafts, and similar service equipment dlat pass d~rougb fire barriers shall be protected as follows:

(a) Tile space between file penetrat ing item and the fire b~ r i e r shall be filled widl a material capable of maintaining die fire resistance of file barrier, or be protected by a device designed for fllat specific purpose and that maintains file fire resistance of the barrier.

(b) Where tile penetrat ing item uses a sleeve to penetrate tile fire barrier, the sleeve shall be solidly set in the fire barrier, and file space between the item and tile sleeve shall be filled widl a material capable of maintaining the fire resistance of the barrier, or be protected by a device designed for that specific purpose and dlat maintains tile fire resistance of file barrier.

131


(c) Insulat ion and coverings for pipes mid ducts shall no t pass darough d~e fire barrier unless die material is capable of main ta in ing the fire resistance of the barrier, or is protected by a device des igned for that specific purpose and main ta ins tire fire resistance of the barrier.

6-2.5.1.1 T h e aggregate area of mezzanines widfin a space shall no t exceed one-four th fl~e open area o f die space in which d~e mezzanines are located. Enclosed space shall no t be included in a de te rmina t ion of dae size of dae space in which dae mezzanine is located.

(d) Where designs take t ransmission of vibration into considerat ion, any vibration isolation shall be made on e idmr side of tile fire barrier or be made by a device des igned for tha t specific purpose and does not degrade die fire resistance of die barrier.

6-2.4 Vertical Openings .

6-2.4.1 All decks shall be cons t ruc ted ,as a fire barrier of m i n i m u m A-Class integrity to provide compar tmen ta t ion .

Exception No. 1: As permitted by 6-2.4.5.

Exception No. 2: As permitted by 6-2.4.6.

Exception No. 3: Where C' Class is permitted by Chapters 8 through 19, decks nuty be reduced to C' Class.

6-2.4.2 Open ings d t rough decks, such as staitavays, holstways for elevators, dumbwaiters , incl ined and vertical conveyors; shaftways used for light, ventilation, or services; or jo in t s used to allow

Exception: Engineering and machinery space occupancies.

6-2.5.1.2 The re shall be no limit on tile n u m b e r of mezzanines in a space.

6-2.5.1.3 For purposes of de t e rmin ing die allowable mezzanine area, the area of mezzanines shall no t be inc luded in the area of the space.

6-2.5.2 Openness . All por t ions o f a mezzanine shall be open to and unobs t ruc ted f rom d m space in which the mezzanine is located.

Exception No. 1: Bulkheads or railings not more than 110 em (43 in.) high.

Exception No. 2: A mezzanine having two or more means of egress need not open into the space in which it is located i f at least one of the means of egress provides direct aceess to an exit at the mezzanine level

structural movemen t s or vibration isolation, shall be enclosed widl 6-2.6 Concealed SR.a. ces, All concealed spaces shall be fitted witl/ fire barriers (vertical) such as bu lkhead or part i t ion assemblies, draft s tops as foll.q~::.:. Such enclosures shall be con t inuous f rom deck to deck. Open ings ::i:~!!:: .......... :% shall be protected :L~ appropr ia te for tile fire-resistance rat ing of the (a) Ver t ica . .D~gealed spaces shall have draft s tops installed barrier, constructe~ii~itl/ ' :~.~.dmum B-0 fire resistance at each deck level.

.... ::~g:., ".::.:.%.~:, Exception No. 1: As pm'mitted by 6-2.4.5. (b) . . .A. ' |~ /~! i~t i t ia l '~s . . :~between ceiling and deck above) shall

hav.e,:~,~t ~/t~;ps i n s t a l i e '~ i~ die full dep th of die interstitial space Exception No. 2: As permitted by 6-2.4.6. by.~:~rtiti~.~,~ mee t ing B..4Yfire resistance no t less tll,'m 14 m (45 ft)

Exception No. 3: As permitted b 3 6-2.4.7. "::i.:.:'~i~'::'~i ::= "':~;':: Exceptz:~:~i~.o.. 1: I f the concealed space is protected throughout by an

Exception No. 4: Escalators and moving walks protected in accordance "iiiiiii::::~... approved,":':'~.~tic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 7-2.2. with 6-2.4.9. ~ " i?:':'."..:: .:, ":~:"

":i!i!i.":':::':~"~¢/o.n ~'~: 2: Concealed spaces serving as plenums. (See NFPA 9on, Exception No. 5: Enclosure is not required for pneumatic tube conveyors ":'~i':: ~ i ~ ' r the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating protected in accordance with 6-2.3.6.2 . . . . . . . . ::::: ...... ":?~i:::~ii::;'~ystert.g~::)

Exception No. 6: As permitted by Chapters 8 through 19. S ~::" ":~i~ ~: ''i~:~eption No. 3: Concealed interstitial space lying wholl 3 within a .-'.:~;"%%, ::'.':%:::::: .... ':~::.-':.'.!~hgle space.

6-2.4.3 Vertical open ings (sit,fits) that penet ra te on~:"or::~.:'...~!!i~'e~'~ii?:!--'.::~il} ''" shall be enclosed at the lowest a n d / o r h ighes t ley.~.l...pf the"~i~ . , ":':-':::~ 6-3 in ter ior Finish. respectively, with const ruct ion in accordance....~t~/~i~}~.4. "':i~i~i!......../:.

.4#" "::~:..{~::.. "::i~-;i::" 6-3.1 General. Exception: Shafts shall be permitted to terminC~:..in a roorn:~::::~ace,::'.:i": .... having a use related to the purpose of the s h ~ : ~ v . i d e d that ~ i r o o m or 6-3.1.1 Interior finish includes interior wall and ceiling finish an d space is separated from the remainder of the vess~i':...~:.,:onstruct.~n having in ter ior deck finish. a fire-resistanee rating and opening protectives in "Y~danc~i i~ th 6- 2.4.4 and 6-2.3.5. "::iii::iiiii-.-:.:j i~::" 6-3.1.2 Interior finish means tile exposed interior surfaces of

"-::::::: vessels including, bu t no t l imited to, f ixed or movable partit ions, . : . : . .

6-2.4.4* All deck open ings shall be protected to da':~"san~e fire resistance rat ing ,as the deck in which they are installed.

6-2.4.5 A vertical opening , connec t ing only two adjacent decks, shall be permi t ted to be open to one of the two decks.

6-2.4.6 Service open ings for conveyors, elevators, and dumbwaiters , where required to be open on more than one deck at the same t ime for purposes of operat ion, shall be provided with closing devices in accordance with 5-2.1.7.

6-2,4.7 Escalators or moving walks no t const i tu t ing ~ exit sh~di have their floor open ings enclosed or protected ~ required for o ther vertical openings . Escalators or moving walks or g roups of escalators or moving walks shall no t span more t han two decks.

Exception No. 1: In occupancies protected throughout I~ an approved, automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 7-2.2, escalators or moving watk openings shall be permitted to be protected in ac*ordance with the metlwd detailed in NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprink£~r Systems, or in accordance with a method approved by the authorit~ having jurisdiction.

Exception No. 2: Escalators in large open arras, such as atriums.

6-2.5 Mezzanines.

6-2.5.1 Area Limitations.

s tanchions, and overheads.

6-3,1.3 Interior deck finish means die exposed deck surfaces of vessels inc luding coverings dlat m igh t be applied over a normal f inished deck or stair, inc luding risers.

6-3.2 Use of Interior Finishes.

6-3.2.1 Requ i rements for interior finish shall apply as specified elsewhere in this Code for specific occupancies. (See Chapter 5 and Chapters 8 through 19.)

6-3.2.2 Requ i rements for interior deck f inish shall apply except where indicated otlaerwise by Chapters 8 d l rough 19.

6-3.8 Inter ior Finish Classification. Where required by Chapters 8 t h rough 19, inter ior finish shall mee t die r equ i rements of 6-3.3.1 or 6-3.3.2.

6-8.3.1 Interior f inish materials shall have a f lame-spread rat ing no t exceeding 20 and a smoke developed rat ing no t exceeding 10 when tested in accordance with NFPA 255, Standard Method o f Test of Surface Burning Characteristic,~ of Building Materials.

Exception: Materials that do not exceed 2mm (0.075 in.) in thickness.

6-3.3.2 Interior finishes shalll mee t the requ i rements of (a) t h r o u g h (c) of fl~is paragraph:

132

N F P A 301 I A98 R O C (Reprinted f r o m F97 R O P )

(a) IMO A-653(16) Recommendation on Improved Fire Test Procedures.. fior Surface Flammability. -. of Bulkhead., Ceiling. , and Deck. Fimsh Materials, as stated m Sec tmn 10 classlficauon or ASTM E- l 317, Standard Test Method for Flammability of Marine Surface Finishes•

(b) ISO 5659, Part 2: Determination of Optical Dcnsit~ b 3 a Single Chamber Test, as a m e n d e d by IMO FP 39 / W P 4, Annex 1: Interim Standard or Measuring Smoke and Toxic Products of Combustion. The

f t . . .

average speof ic opucal density, D M, shall be less than 200.

(c) ISO 1716: Building Materials I Determination of Calorific Potential, the ne t bea t of combus t ion shall be less t han 45 M J / m 2.

6-3.4 Inter ior Deck Finish Clas.sification.

6-3.4.1 Interior deck t inishes shall mee t one of dae following:

Exception No. i: Deck overlays 10 mm (0.38 in.) or less which are installed for leveling purposes.

Exception No. 2: Where otherwise permitted by Chapters 8 through 19.

(a) Consist of 100 percen t wool.

(b) Meet ASTM E-8.t, Standard Test Alethod for Surflzce Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, with a f lame spread rating no t exceeding 75 a n d a smoke developed rat ing not exceeding 100.

(c) Meet NFPA 253, Standard Method of Test for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor Covering 5!~stems Using a Radiant Heat Energ~ Source (ASTM E-648, Standard Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor- Covering S~stems Using a Radiant Heat Ener~ Source) with a critical radiant fltix not less than 0.45 W / c m ~ and mee t ASTM E-662, Standard Test Method f~r Specific Optical Densit~ of Smoke Generated by Solid Materials, with a specific optical density ho t exceeding 450 in both f laming and norffLnning modes .

7.1.1 General Requi rements . Fire detect ion, a larm a n d c o m m u n i c a t i o n s systems shall comply wida SOLAS II-2, Regulat ion 13 and tile r equ i rements of dais section. Nodt ing in dais system shall be cons t rued as a restriction on new technologies or alternatives to those requi rements , provided tha t the level of protect ion is main ta ined .

7-1.2 Addregsable Fire Alarm Systems. Addressable fire a larm systems, whereby specific space and or zone identif ication is provided by individually identifiable fire detectors, shall be a r ranged to mee t d~e following criteria:

(a) Me:ms are provided to ensure that any fault (e.g., power break, shor t circuit, g round) occurr ing in tim loop will no t r ender the whole loop inoperative.

(b) All a r r angemen t s are made to enable the initial configurat ion of the system to be restored in the event of failure (electrical, electronic, in format ion) .

(c) The first init iated fire a la rm wilt no t prevent any od~er detector f rom initiating furd~er fire alarms.

(d) A loop shall be a r ranged so tha t it will no t pass t h rough the same space more t han once.

7-1.3 Installation Requi rements . Fire detection, alarm, and communica t ion .s .~. .~s shall be installed in accordance with SOLAS Chapte~}~:!-2, R'~gulation 13.2.

..:-:<o:-:.:-:-:-.

7-1.4 D e s i ~ i i ~ m e n ts.

7 - 1 . 4 . t ~ t e e t d : N i ~ and ¢ommuni~tion syste~ sh~ mee~!~si.gfi":~"equireme'~i~i'f SOl_AS Chapte r 1I-2, Regulat ion 13.3.

~'£":~i~i~. F~i-~etee tor , alarm, and communica t ion e q u i p m e n t and d e v i ' ~ i i ~ l [ " ~ e listed for mar ine use.

(d) Meet IMO Resolut ion A.653(16), Recomrmmdation on Improved... "/ 1 a "~":'-i!~::-h,~lht~,, ,¢ , n ~ A . . . . hl~ , , d . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fire Test Procedures for Surface Flaramabdtl~ of Bulkhead, Ceihng, and "~i~i~i~;.:':}~:?:::..~hall h~ b ~ " : ~ : ~ l - - c e uAd~ e,e~fi,~ 7-6 Deck Fina'h Materials, a n d meet /LSTM E-6 19, Standard Test Method ".':':'U':'::::!~i~:~!~!~i~:::: . . . . . ::i:;" for SOecifie Optical Densit~ of Snwke Generated by Solid Materials, wida a ":~, 7~{~"::~i~,~..=::.~::.:", . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t; . . . . . . "~::. . / : . L a ' - ' ~ p m r~xtracuon amoKe v e t e c n o n aystems, w n e r e specific optical density not exceeding 45u m both f laming and ":-::':: "!.'¥enuir~'~] sample extract ion smoke detect ion s ' - t e m s shMI be

• ===================== ;:::::1::" " 1 !-: , • 1 ~ y ~ • n o n f l a m m modes • g • AU+:'::i!ii::!::i!i::!; "{!i:. desigfled and installed in accordance wldl SOLAS II-2, Re~a~ at ion

(e) Meet IMO A.687(17), Recommendatwn on Fire T~-!?.roced..~..--" ~ .::.-. "~'~i~ t ' : ' : '~ *:"~ for Ignitabili~_ of Prima?Deck Coverings, and ISO 565~J, P~i?~.~.::#':':~'::':-'i~i~i::::::i!i!'*'7.1.6 Inspect ion, Tes t ing and Maintenance o f Fire Alarm and Determination of Optica,, Densit~ b~ a Single Chamber Test, as'~l~ncleO"":~('.:~?'.:.::" l~etect:^- e . . . . . . . . . q'- e . . . . . . . . . *:o -'-I : . . . . :~" *~-~ ~'r ~ In IMO FP 3 ~ / w r 4, Annex 1: Interim 5 t a n d a r . d . ~ ' i ~ u r ~ f ~ . . . ~ o k e detec t lnn an'd alarm system ~hall be ma in t a ined and tested in and Toxic Products o Cgmlmstwn ~f " " .-if" ""':~:.~:...:."-i~.~.. ": : i i i! iJ" accordance with the requ i rements of Chapter 7 of NFPA 72,

. . . . . • ~i::i::i~i . . . . ~:~$i~..', .::..:!i::" National Fire Alarm Cod~ 6-3.4.2 If an unde r l aymen t ~s used, tt st~.'lt::..~...~t tl~e r e q / ~ m e / a t s of 6-5.4.1. "::~!~]]~i-".'~?:-. ~ i!

Exception: Deck f inish materials that meet the requi:r~.t~.:~.~ 6-5.4.1 when tested with the underlayment.

6-3.5 Tr im and Incidental Finish. T he total volume of combust ib le face trim, moldings, and decorat ions, inc luding veneers, in any c o m p a r u n e n t shall no t exceed a volume equivalent of 2.5 m m (0.t in.) veneer on the combined area of the bulkheads. Such trim, molding , or decorat ions shall no t per form any strucuiral f lmct ion and shall no t be used in a means of egress.

6-3.6 Insulat ion providing the same protect ion as the pene t ra ted division shall be applied to the duc t for a distance of 305 m m (12 in.) f rom dae division. Any insulat ion installed for heat, comfort , refr igerat ion ( including :dr condi t ioning) , or for any other purpose , and all material incidental to the installation, shall be made o f approved, noncombus t ib l e materials.

Chapter 7* Vessel Fire Detection and Protection Equipment

7-1 Fire Detection, Alarm and Communications Systems.

7-2 Fire Protection Systems and Equipment.

7-2.1 General . C o m p o n e n t and mach ine ry installed in fire protect ion systems are to be des igned such as to ensure proper operat ions in a mar ine e n v i r o n m e n t aboard a vessel u n d e r incl inat ion condi t ions cited in Amer ican Bureau of Shipping, Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, Part 4, Section 1 Table 4 / t . 1 .

7-2.2 Foam and Water Systems. The foam de luge systems shall be des igned and installed in accordance wida NFPA 16, Standard for the Installation of Deluge Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray ~stems; NFPA 11, Standard for Low Expansion Foam Systems; and NFPA l l A , Standard for Medium- and High-Expansion Foam S~stems.

7-2.3 P r e ~ u r e Tanks. Pressure tank(s) that suppor t sprinkler systems shall be des igned and installed in accordance wida NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection, an d NFPA 15, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems.

7-2.4 Space Drainage and Dewatering. Spaces protected by water- based ex t inguish ing systems shall be des igned to remove water f rom those spaces at a rate no less than tile m a x i m u m possible rate of water admi t tance f rom the ex t inguish ing system servicing such spaces.

7-2.5 Inspect ion, Test ing, and Maintenance . All water-based systems requi red by dais code shall be inspected, tested, and ma in ta ined in accordance wida NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection S~stems.

7-2.6 Automatic Sprinklers. Where requi red , au tomat ic sprinkler systems shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems.

133

~ A 301 i A98 R O C ( R e p u t e d f r o m F97 R O P )

7-2.7 Water Mist Systems. Water mist systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 750, Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems.

7-2.8 Low Expansion Foam Systems. Low expansion foam systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 11, Standard for Low Expansion Foam.

7-2.9 Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems. Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 12, Standard for Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems.

7-2.10 Clean Agent Systems. Clean agent systems shall be in accordance witil NFPA 2001, Stamtard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems.

7-2.11 Halon Systems. No new Halon extinguishing systems shall be installed.

7-2.12 Inert Gas.Systems. On vessels having cargo ranks where an inert gas system ~s required, tile inert gas system shall be installed in accordance with SOL/US II-2, Regulation 62.

7-2.13 Dry and Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems. Dry and wet chemical systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 17, Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems, and NFPA 17A, Standard for Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems, respectively.

7-2.14 Portable Fire Extinguishers. Portable fire extinguishers shall be designed for marine use and maintained in accordance with NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers.

7-2.15 Fire Main, Fire Pumps, Hydrants, and Hose.

7-2.15.1 General. Each vessel shall have an installed fire main, pumps, hydrants, hose, hose accessories and nozzles ,and shall be capable of delivering an adequate supply of water to all portions of the vessel for tile purpose of fighting fires in accordance with SOLAS II-2 Regulation 4.

Exception No. 1: As provided by Chapters 8 through 19.

Exception No. 2: Fog applicators shall not be required at fire ~ : . : i : when fire hose located at such fire stations are outfitted witk!!i~ariabl~.:~"

and Tip). ~ . " ~:"

Exception No. 3: Reference to American Bureau ~ * . . ~ , R u N ~ : . . . . . . : . : : Building and Classing Steel Vessels, Part 4, Se~-~n 9.5 ~ 1 ~ 9. ~.:.:::" lieu of SOLAS II-2, Regulation 4 shall be ac~able when i~'~nin~'~ a vessel's fire main, fire pump, hydrant, and:!~tib~ .':~i!i~i ~;~:~ tirement

• ::::::::::::.. i~-:,.:~ 7-2.15.2 ~re-Maiu Pre~ur~. The fire-main p ~ . . e sh..ar3 be sufficient to support the operations of such nozzl~'~i!.~a#::" recommended by tile manufacturer of the f i r e -hos~zz l e s . ~;:~-

7-2.15.3 Fuel Requirements for Emergency Fire Pumps. Any diesel-driven power source for the pump shall be capable of being readily started in its cold condition down to a temperature of 0°C (32°F) by manual cranking. If lower temperatures are likely to be encountered, heating arrangements shall be provided so dlat ready starting will be assured. These means shall enable the diesel-driven power source to be started at least six times witltin a period of 30 minutes and at least twice within the first 10 minutes. The pump controller shall be listed.

7-2.15.6 Ventilation Requirements. Ventilation arrangements to the space containing the independent source of power for the emergency fire pump shall be such as to preclude, as far as practicable, tile possibility of smoke from a machinery-space fire entering or being drawn into that space.

7-2.15.7" Fire Water Supply. In machinery spaces that are periodically unattended or when only one person is required on duty, there shall be immediate water delivery from file fire-main system at tile required pressure.

7-2.15.8 International Shore Connection. International shore connections shall be designed and installed in accordance with SOLAS II-2, Regulation 19.

7-2.15.9 Fire Hose. Fire hose shall be in accordance with Underwriters Laboratories Standard for Safety number 19.

7-3 Firefighter Protective Clothing, SCBA Equipment, and Fire Control Plans.

7-3.1 Firefighter Protective Clothing. Personal firefigbting protection equipment shall include protective clothing and light and serf-contained breatifing apparatus. All firefighter protective clothing shall consist of turnout gear, helmet, gloves, boots, and hood. Such equipment shall be located in vessel areas that allow for ready firefighte.r:i::access and easy donning.

..~:.::::.'.%:. 7-3.1.1 T u r n o ~ e ~ ' : : ~ l comply with NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensa~!~or Structural Fire Fighting.

7-3.1.2 . . ~ . ~ t S s'~jli~Qmply with NFPA 1971, Standard on Protec¢i.~!~'~ble foF::~ct...~al Fire Fighting.

7~¢-~i~s ~ t s shall c o ~ with NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective

7.3.12iii Ensembl~

comply with NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective

~ / ~ . . . I J ~ d s sltaU comply witi1 NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective ~ r Structural Fire Fighting.

'7-3.1.~"'Self-Contained" Breathing Apparatus (SCBA). SCBA units spare cylinder shall comply with NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-

i~,'ircuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire Fighters, be NIOSH certified for an open circuit pressure demand type, have a full facepiece, and be rated for a minimum of 30 minutes.

7-3.1.6.1 A spare SCBA cylinder is required for each SCBA unit ,and all SCBA cylinders shall be interchangeable. All SCBA units outfitted aboard a vessel are to be of like kind (make, model, and manufacturer).

7-3.1.6.2 All SCBA units and cylinders shall be maintained operational in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and maintenance records shall be maintained aboard the vessel.

7-3.1.6.3 Tile required number of SCBA units to be carried for firefighting purposes shall be in accordance with Chapters 8 through 19.

7-3.1.6.4 Storage of tile SCBA units shall allow for ready donning by the firefighter. All SCBA units shall be protected from the weather when not in use.

7-2.15.4 Required Fuel Reserves for Fire Pumps. Any service filel tank shall contain sufficient filel to enable the pump to run on full load for at least three hours and sufficient reserves of fuel shall be available outside the main machinery space to enable the pump to be run on full load for an additional 15 hours.

7-2.15.5 Location of Fire Pump. Tile space containing tile fire pump shall be insulated to a standard of structural fire protection equivalent to that required for a control station in Chapter 6. No direct access shall be permitted between the machinery space and the space containing file emergency fire pump and its source of power.

Exception: A r~note-aperated, water-tight door shall be permitted. Remote operation shall be from the bridge, engineering control station, and fire control station, if any.

7-3.1.7 Electric safety lamp shall comply with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, Article 501, Class I, Division 1, Group C and D.

7-3.2 SCBA Recharging Systems. Where required by Chapters 8 through 19, an installed SCBA recharging system shall comply wifll tile requirements in tiffs section.

7-3.2.1" Type of SCBA Recharge or Refill Systems. SCBA air refill systems shall be permitted to consist of any combination of the following to achieve tile required air refill capacity:

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N F P A 301 I A98 R O C (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

• Air Compressor wida air purification and refill station system • Fixed air reservoirs (single or manifold storage bottles in

cascade ar rangement) • Additional filled spare SCBA cylinders fitted wid~ integral

pressure gages/fill indicator

SCBA recharge systems shall be permit ted to be used for oflaer vessel requirements such as scuba cylinder recharging provided sufficient safeguards ,'u-e in place, quMity of air to fill d~e SCBA is not degraded, and the system continues to meet fine minimum SCBA recharge requirements of dtis secdon at all times.

7-3.2.1.1 SCBA Recharge Compressors. Oil or oil-less compressor systems shall be acceptable. Recharge compressors shall have air purification systems installed to meet d~e air quality standard cited in this section. SCBAs being charged shall be contained in air refill stations to protect tile operator from SCBA explosion. Connect ing air tubing shall comply wida 46 CFR Part 56. Compressors shall ha~e over-pressurization safety valve(s) installed, and daey sball not be capable of being isolated. Audible and visnal alarms shall be installed to indicate unacceptable air output. Operat ing and safety instructions and systems schematic shall be permanent ly mounted on or near dae compressor uni t in plain view of the opera tor to address compressor, purification, and refill operations.

7-3.2.1.2 Fixed Air Reservoirs (Storage Bottles) Requirement. Storage cylinders shall comply wid~ 49 CFR 173.34. Connect ing tubing shall comply with 46 CFR Part 56. Cylinders shall be mounted vertically and shall be secured to dae structure of the vessel. Cylinder bot toms shall not sit directly on steel decking. Cylinders shall be arranged to allow facilitate inspection, testing, and maintenance of die cylinders and tubing.

7-3.2.2 SCBA Recharge System Capacity. The minimum capacity of dae recharge system shall be sized to support tide following:

be pernfit ted to be supplied and exhausted by natural drafL mechanical memas, or a combination of boda. Because d~e ductwork for a ventilation system is common to many spaces, it can cause the spread of flame or smoke if not properly designed, and shall dlerefore be evaluated as a componen t of tile vessel's structural fire protection system.

7-4.2 Ducting Design.

7-4.2.1 Ventilation duct ing shall be constructed of noncombust ible materials and shall not degrade dae integrity of d ie A- or B-Class bulkheads and decks d~at dae ducting may penetrate.

Excz~tion. Duct sections shall be permitted to be constructed of combustible material only i f the followlng criteria are inca-

(a) The duct is less than 2.0 m (6.56fl) long.

(b) The duct is less than or equal to 0.02 m z (0.215fl 2) in cross sectional area.

(c) The duct is constructed of material with a flame-spread rating not to exceed 20 and a smoke development not to exceed 10 when tested in accordance with ASTM E84, Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials.

(d) The duct is used.only at the end of a ventilation device, .~:.::.::~:.:$:.:..

(e) The duct i s ~ . least 600 mm (1.97 fl) from an opening in an A-or B-Class ~ .

7-4.2.2 ...~.. ]!~..e s t e e ~ i ~ t i n g penetrates A- or B-Class divisions, tide duct s~t~.t.. .I '~r be f f~:d . , ,Or f langed to d~e division or run tar.oswald a taci t f i t t i n ~ welded or f langed to a~e division.

?:~!]~i~.. V~':.d. ucting and fans serving stairway enclosures shall s e r v &"-'~.::'~'i]~ ~] ~ spaces.

(a) The largest anticipated fire team considered necessary for dae -.::.:::.::-...-.:. worst case machinery space fire re-entry scenario. ..-;':-~!~:: .... 7-4.2.4 I:~i~,..~iatilation systems, manually operated dampers shall

"~i~%:~.e provide~-~/~i " accessible locations for sbutt ing off file passage of (b) A recharge or a spare cylinder availability rate for a ":".~"~:~ii~:f.b.e...~'~nt of fire. The means for manual damper control

min imum of three consecutive fire team entries. "~i:~. ,~'l l : :~iifi~cated outside dae spaces served by die ventilation system. . ~...:.-...::~::.;, :~.-.,-.'.~i:: ~-."

7-3.2.3 Air Quality of SCBA Recharge System Air. All ~ : ~ e d ::':.::ii,7-4.2.5 Where ducdng penetrates an A-Class division, an automatic air used to refill SCBA cylinders and contained in SC~! : ' cy l inc l~ "%..~.:.~ass fire damper complying wid~ 7-4.3 shall be installed. shall comply widl die requirements of tile C o m p r e s s # ~ ~(-.--.--.-,~, ¢. J~!~Y" . . . . . . -::: " ~ . . : ~ :¢ ' - ' -~ .~ : : : : : :~ . - : . , . . % ~ : - " • . . .

Association, Commodtb] Specifieatwnsfor Air, G-7.1 for Gr',i:~.".'~-~.-jf~5 "::?~;~:::~i? 7-4.2.6 Where ductlng penetrates a B-Class dms lon a B-Class fire ppm water vapor mr. ......... "%."~i~::.. "" " damper complying wldi 7-4.~ shall be r eqmred to be installed m

..::!~:']"~:~::.. "::~i~i~."-;, ,:, accordance on fide following provisions: 7-3.2.4 Location o f Recharge Facilities. Re...e.:l{:~ge ~i~][ . l )ent ' :~ ' i~" be located where fl~ey will not be cut off f g ~ access iti~:~l$~ eve.#.'~"of Duct Diameter Required Penetrat ion a fire or beavy smoke. Recharge facilitic~:"~i:..be p r o t e ~ l from (or equivalent area) ~ Equ ipment

w u ! u tile effects of earlier and mechanical damag:~i::.'.:ii., i i i ~ ' : . . . . . . . . . . . . . • ::i:i:i!!:i::.. .i~:: <t~z mm t~n In.) ~none 152 mm 305 mm Spool p~ece 7-3.2.5 Emergency Power. Electrically driven ai;:~.i~..f#essors shall (6 in - 1 2 in )

bave an automatic means for receiving power from ~ emergency bus. ~"

7-3.2.6 Compress ion Air Supply Source. Air compressors shall be fitted widl air inlets that take suction from weafller and have minimal chance of ingesting smoke, exhaust air from exhaust vents, diesel exhaust, foul air or oilier source of noxious snbstances.

7-3.2.7 Testing, Inspection, and Maintenance. Air recharge systems and equ ipment shall be inspected, tested, and maintained in accordance with mamffacturer 's recommendat ions .

7-3.2.8 Availability of SCBA Refill Systems. The SCBA refill systems shall be ready for immediate use at all times while at sea and in port.

Exception. When the v,x~sd is in a major overhaul or d~doch status.

7-3.3 Fire Control Plans. All vessels shall be provided with fire control plans that comply with ASTM F1626, ,Standard Practice for Preparing Shipboard File Control Plans and mounted in accordance with SOLAS II-2, Part A, Regulation 20.

7-4* Ventilation.

7-4.1" General. Vessel ventilation systems are used to supply fresh or condi t ioned air to vessel spaces, and exhaust hea ted and contaminated ,air f rom fllose or odler spaces• Ventilation systems are also installed to prevent file buildup of explosive or noxious vapors. Depending on the space requirements, ventilation ,air shall

>305 mm (>12 in.) Automatic fire damper

Exception." I f the duct is constructed of 8. O-mm (22-USSG) steel (minimum) and passes through the space without opening into that space, dampers are not required.

7-4.3 Damper Design. Where required, fire dampers shall comply wit1 die requirements of fills section•

Exception: Fire dampers listed for a one and one-half hour fire endurance that are capable of manual operation and fitted adjacent to the bulkhead shall be permitted.

7-4.3.1" The damper and the port ion of tide duct containing die d,'mlper shall be constructed of at least 3.0-mm (l l-USSG) steel (in A-Class bulkhead penetrat ion) or 1.6-ram (16-USSG) steel (in B- Class bulkhead penetrat ion) . A maximum 3.0-mm (0.125-in.) gap between file blade and casing shall be permitted. All springs, hinges, and taller damper components shall be constructed of stainless or suitably protected steel to prevent corrosion. No insulation shall be necessary on tile damper blade. The damper shall be made readily accessible for periodic inspection by means of a hinged or bolted plate in file duct. All dampers shall be capable of manual operation•

7-4.3.2* Where automatic fire dampers ,are required, they shall be provided wifll a fusible link assembly rated at approximately 74°C (165°F). In higb ambient heat areas, such as file exhaust duct leading from fl~e galley, automatic dampers shall be provided wifll

135

NFPA 301 i A98 ROC (Reprinted from F97 ROP)

a fusible link assembly rated at approximately 100°C (212°F). The dampers shall be des igned to close against die anticipated draft in die duct. Other types of automatic dampers shall be permit ted to be used, if approved.

7-4.3.3 Automatic fire dampers shall be fitted adjacent to the bulkhead. The damper shall be fitted on at least one side of die bnlkhead with a visible indicator showing whether the damper is in the open or closed position. Tile local-damper indicator shall be capable of always showing d~e actual position of the d,'unper and shall be marked so as to readily indicate d~e damper position. The danlper shall be capable of being manually closed from both sides of the bulkhead.

7-4.4 Duct Heating Units. Where installed, duct heaters shall be provided ~qdl a thermal overheat-protection s:ffety device and interlocked with the fret to prevent the heater from operating when the fan is not operating. The heater shall be designed to limit the surface temperature of the heating e lement to a maximum of 232°C (450°F). Electric radiators shall be constructed and installed in accordance with SOLAS II-2, Regulation 18.3 and Section 7-6 herein. Portable a n d / o r bulkhead mounted convection space heaters shall be listed. Space heaters shall not be used in spaces having the potential for containing f lammable vapors or located near coml)ustible materials.

Exception: Interlocks shall not be required on water and steam duct heaters.

7-4.5 Ventilation Control.

7-4.5.1 Spaces serviced by a power ventilation system shall be provided with remote means for s topping the ventilation system servicing d~at space in case of a fire. The remote means shall be permit ted to be located immediately outside fl~e space, at the fire control station, a n d / o r on die bridge.

Exception: Cargo spaces and fuel tanks.

7-4.8* Smoke-Control Ventilation. A smoke-control system shall confine smoke to dae general area of fire origin, maintain use of the means of egress systems, and provide for file removal of smoke and heat by means of a fixed system or systems.

7-4.9 Plans, Marking, and Documentation. Ventilation equipment deemed necessary to operate in an emergency are to be shown on the fire-control plan per 7-3.2(f). Equipment data and major details regarding ventilation equ ipment requiring periodic inspection are to be maintained in file a sltip's log ,along with a deficiency record. All dampers shall be marked to indicate dleir open and closed positions.

7-5 Elevators, Escalators, Dumbwaiters, and Other Transfer Devices. Vessel elevators and other vertical lift devices shall be designed in accordance widl ASME A17.1, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators. Testing and inspection procedures for shipboard elevators shall be in accordance widi ASME A17.2, Inspectors' Manual for Elevators and Escalators.

7-6* General Requirements for Electrical Equ!pment. Design, installation, and maintenance of electrical e q m p m e n t and wiring shall be in accordance with 46 CFR Subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) and IEEE Standard 45, Recommended Practice for Electric Installations..,o.n Shipboard.

. ~:.:::'.%-.:::.:. 7-7 Fixed Elec t~ : '~He~ng Equipment for Pipelines, Vessels, Deicing, and~:.~...:,Mehing. All f ixed electric heat ing equipment installed o ~ j ~ e r ' i ~ . t vessels for heating pipelines and vessels, as well as el~c<~X.c hea '~5: .¢quipment installed for prevention of ice forma~.~~.~:"-:-'floors,":~s,..:..doors, or hatches, shall comply with Artic|~/~ 42~:~:"-:~,27, and ~l~..j~t" NFPA 70, National Electric Code.

. . . . . %i?:i.".::::~: ".':~::':'::%: Chapter 8 Accommodat ion Spaces 7-4.5.2 Powered ventilation systems serving spaces protected by ............ fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems shaU be capable of bein~ ~!~: ...... 8-1 G e n ~ . g q i u i r e m e n t s . secured prior to the discharge of the extinguishing agent. The "!iiii.:-%iiiiiii~:i ....... "::.?:ii ::U shutdown of the ventilation system and means to close all vents ~i~!. "':':::8~][-~i:i::..~...p.p...~l~ation. The requirements of tiffs cbapter apply to all shall be interlocked with and accomplished automatically by fl~e "".'!i!:. ~ l a t i o n spaces. operation of the fixed gas fire-extingafisbing system release ....:.::::::::: .... ::.~:::::.-'il; -~:" 2i?" mechanism. Sufficient time for ventilation system rnndq~::"~'~i!i: :%8-1.2 'Classification o f Occupancy. be ,allowed before actual release of the agent or make-l ,~ ":.i~i~: :::i::i~:::::i:..!?. extingnlsiiing agent shall be desigt~ed into tile systen~...."!i:~iii!~;~::, 5iiii:':-::!:::.. "% ::i~'1.2.1 Subclassificatinn o f Accommodat ion Occupancies.

"~i~i?~:::il.':" "~.i~!i!iii!i!:!~.~ Accommoda tmn spaces shall be hmt ted to combusuble fuel loads 2 2 7-4.5.3 Provisions to secure ventilation to d ie pr.o...t..e...c.ted s [ J ' ~ { r o m ,x:..::::, no greater than 50 k g / m (10 Ib/f t ) and shall be subclassified as

outside that space shall be provided for space~-~ii~.,.atur~i::i!i~::i~:. ,.:.,..:. follows: ventilation and protected by a fixed g ~ fire.=~tingnis|:i~::~yste/~i.i::~::iiii::

.::i.::-::ii::ii::.. ":¥i!!~- ..::'..'.:!::: (a) High risk contains a fl, el load greater allan 15 k g / m ~ (3 2 2 7-4.5.4 Requirements for activation of v t { ~ | ~ 9 . n system~ii~ "" Ib/ft ) and less dlan or equal to 50 kg /m (10 Ib/f t ).

smokeproof enclosures shall be in accordan~%:~ih 5-2.3..~0. ":';.:.:.~!~:... ..:.:.:~.~ (b) Medium risk contains a fuel load greater than 5 k g / m z (l

2 2 2 7-4.5.5 Electrical equ ipment subject to arciug sh~[-"?:~i:~ntilated or Ib/ft ) and less dlan or equal to 15 k g / m (3 Ib / f t ). placed in ventilated compar tments where flarmnabi~:::~ases , acidic fi~mes, or oil vapors cannot accumulate. For guid~ace on (c) Low risk contains a fuel load less than or equal to 5 k g / m ~ (1 electrical requirements refer to Section 7-6. [b / f t ' ) .

7-4.6 Ventilation Through Doors and Bulkheads. Vent grilles or louvers shall not be used in doors penet ra t ing A-Class bulkheads, a ldiough such doors shall be permit ted to be undercu t not to exceed 13 mm (0.5 in.) above d ie door sill or top of approved deck covering. Doors in B- or lesser-Class bulkheads shall be permit ted to cont~fin vent grills or louvers widl a ne t area not to exceed 0.2 m ~ (2 ft ~) in file lower half of the door and shall be permit ted to be undercu t not to exceed 25 mm (1 in.) above the door sill or top of deck covering.

8-1.2.2 Sprinklered accommodat ion spaces shall be considered low risk.

8-1.3 Minimum Constructlon/Separation Requirements. (See 6-2.1) Accommodat ion spaces shall be separated from adjoining spaces by bulkheads and decks that are constructed in accordance widl Table 8-1.?,.

7-4.7 Ventilation for Spaces Containing High-Risk Fuels. An independen t exhaust system, employing a nonsparking, centrifugal fan, shall be provided to exhaust these spaces. The exhanst shall discharge directly to die weadler. The nonsparking fan shall be located outside of tile space serviced and at least 3 m (10 ft) from tile discharge end of die exhaust duct. Where this dishance requi rement cannot be met, the nonsparking fan shall be equipped with an explosion-proof motor.

136

NFPA 301 i A98 ROC (Reprinted from F97 ROP)

Adioinlnl~ Occupancies High-risk accommoda t ion Medium-risk accommoda t ion Low-risk and sprinkh:red

accommoda t ion Medical, health care, and cltild care Service hi~gh-risk Service low-risk Electrical and control Low-risk engineerin~ and machinery Medium-risk engineer ing and machinery High-risk engineer ing and machinery Storage high-risk

Table 8-1.3 Separation Requirements

for High-Risk Accommodation Areas

Separation Requirements for Medium-Risk

Accommodation Areas

Separation Requirements for Low-Risk and Sprlnldered

Accommodation Areas

B-15* B-15 B-15

B-15 B-0 B-0

B-15 B-0 C' B-15 B-15

A-60 A-0 A-60 A-0 A-60 A-60 A-60

Storage low-risk B-15 (Largo A-60 Open deck B-0 Helicopter platform A-60

A-0 B-15 A-0 A-0 A-60 A-60 A-60 B-0 A-0

B-0 A-0 B-0 B-0

8-1.3.1 Where an accommodat ion occupancy adjoins multiple occupancies along a single barrier (bulkhead or deck), d~at b ~ r i e r shall be constructed, in total, to meet the most str ingent separation requirements as del ineated in Table 8-1.3.

8-1.4 Occupant Load.

8-1.4.1" Occupant Load Factors. Tbe occupant load permit ted in any accommodat ion space shall be de te rmined on dae basis of dae following occupant load factors:

B-0 A-0 A-60 A-0 C A-0

B-0 C A-60 A-60

8-2.3 Means of Egress Arrangement.

8-2.3.1 At least # ~ a r a t e exit accesses shall be provided. Each exit access shal~:.-.'~e r e ~ t e l y located from d~e od~er as required by Section 5-5. ,.:.:-:~J~.b:..,

Exc ep tio~.:~::..,.::~::.:."~i'!~/n.:::.:, gle'::::"::"%...~ceess~!~ .... shall be p ermitted riot the fiollowin g:" • ::.-':~:::.:::::::::~?~:. ~ "::iii~ii--::...::~

(~#"~t~oo~, o, '%~::" • ~ '~!~i i~c5!~.~ with an occupant load less than 20 provided the exit is directl~ii~ aii ~ exit access corridor, or

(a) Fixed seating criterion: Design capacity. "':i-:i.'-.-:!i!i!!::.. ~.:iiiii::: ..... (c) pub'l~::~.l.e~;'areas (shops) where the exit opens directly to an exit

(b) Public spaces wlr.hout fixed seating: One person for each 1 :~:?'Y'?'.%!i!~:La(..,~ess corrlar~i::~'or a mall area (i f it is considered a tJedestrian way), 2 2 C 2 2 :::'::- "~::~:":::': ':~:'~ - ~: : - - - m ( 1 0 f t ) of gross de_k a r e a a n d 0.65 m ( 7 f t ) of ne t deck area. %. ~.~....t..tl#/'common path of travel does not exceed 30 m (98.4 fl) or i f

The occupant load of any open mezzanine or balcony shall be :-'~. .~"""i~t~i:~ihroughout by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with added to dae deck below for the purpose of de termining egi.t~i.:'.'~i~::::.. :~i::.:rY-2.2.g'.: ~'+:' capacity. ~#'P:"":%i !ii "%

.... #~ ]::ii~" ~".i~.8.~:~.3.2 All accommodat ion spaces wida an occupant load greater (c) Staterooms and office areas: Design capacity......:~.:':::%?:iiii ~ . . . . . . ~i?:"-~:.-::.. % ~iflian 500 shall be provided wid~ at least d t ree separate means of

"%i~i::~::#:" "::~i~i~::i~iii~i.'.:.~.:': egress. Public spaces wida an occupancy greater daan 1000 shall (d) Public sales (shops) areas: One person p...e..r.:...e.~.ch 3 ~iii.~:.3.2 ":"*: have at least four separate means of egress.

ft ~) of gross deck area. ....:!#:~:::::::i'~iiiiiiiii~i!.::, x%ii!!~!::...:.:.,.-~:- ":':" "~":':':"':':" ":':':':':':':" 8-2.3.3 Mezzanines having an occupant load not greater than 30

(e) Bleachers, pews, and od~er bench-t~iiaieating: O~i~iper~" per 45 linear cm (18 in.).

(f) For a space witla mixed occupant load fac:~::t.hat.:(~:~ntain flexible arrangements, the a r rangement that w o u l ~ : : ~ t h e highest occupancy load, shall apply. <:y" ~"

8-1.4.2 Occupant load shall be permit ted to be increased above that permit ted by 8-1.4.1 if the necessary aisles and exits are provided. To increase d~e occupancy load, a diagram indicating p lacement of equipment , aisles, exits, and seating shall be provided to, and approved by, the audmrity having jurisdiction prior to any increase in occupancy load. In areas not greater t han750 m (.8073

£ z ) tlae occupant load shall not exceed 1 person in each 0.5 m (5.5 2 ~ 2 "2 ~. ). In areas greater than 7a0 m (8073 ft ) die occupant load shall

not exceed 1 person in 0.65 m 2 ( 7 ft2).

8-2 Means o f Egress Requirements.

8-2.1 General. All means of egress shall be in accordance with Chapter 5 and tiffs section.

8-2.2 Means of Egre~ Components .

8-2.2.1 General. Components of means of egress shall be limited to the types described in 8-2.2.2 d/ rough 8-2.2.9.

8-2.2.2 Doors. Doors shall comply wida 5-2.1.

8-2.2.3 Ramps. Ramps shall cmnply witll 5-2.5.

Exception: Ramps serving onl 3 stages or nonpublic areas and ramped aisles shall be permitted to have a stope not steeper than 1 in 8.

shall be permit ted to be served by a single means of egress and such means of egress shall be permit ted to lead to tile deck below.

8-2.3.4 Mezzanines having an occupant load greater tllan 30, but not more than 60, shall have at least two remote means of egress, but both such means of egress shall be permit ted to lead to the deck below.

8-2.3.5 Mezzanines having an occupant load greater than 60 shall have means of egress provided as for a separate deck.

8-2.4 Travel DLstance to Exits. Exits sball be arranged so flint file total lengtll of travel from any point to reach an exit shall not exceed 30 m (98.4 ft).

Exception: In sprinklered occupancies, travel distance to an exit shall not exceed 45 m (14 Z 6 f l ).

8-2.5 Emergency Lighting. Emergency lighting shall be provided in accordance widl Section 5-9.

8-2.6 Marking of Means of Egress. Means of egress shall have signs in accordance with Section 5-10.

8-3 Protection.

8-3.1 Protection of Miscellaneous Openings in Fire Barriers. All penetrat ions shall be protected in accordance wida 6-2.3.7. Penetrat ions dl rough fire barriers of corridors for die purposes of balancing air flow for d ie HVAC systems shall be permitted, provided dley meet the requirements for tlae Exception to 6-2.3.6.

Exception No. 1: Ducting installed in connection with air handling systems that service accommodation occupancies and that utilize passageways as part of their "return air" system shall not be required to

137

N F P A 301 ~ A98 ROC (Reprinted f r o m F97 ROP)

meet the fire resistance rating of the connecting barrier i f it meets the following requirements:

(a) The duct peenetration of the barrier shall be installed low, such that no portion of the ductaJort¢ is higher than 50 cm (I 9. 7 in.) above the deck

(b) The cross-sectional area of the penetration does not exceed 0.05 m e (o.54 f l ~ )

(c) The duct does not provide a direct connection between the originating compartment and the passageway; i.e., the duct terminates in a utili~ space adjoining both the passageway and originating compartment

(d) The duct is permitted by Chapters 8 through 19

Exception No. 2: Vertical ventilation ducts which service cargo or main machinery spaces which pass through acc~ommodations or safeO areas shall be insulated to the applicable division requirements for 1.8 m (6 d ) beyond the division.

8-3.2 Interior Finish. Interior finish shall comply with Section 6-3.

8-3.3 Detection, Alarm, and Communication Systems.

8-3.3.1 All accommod~ttion spaces slmll be provided with a manual alarm system in accordance with Section 7-1.

8-3.3.2 All overnight accommodat ion spaces shall be provided with a smoke detect ion system in accordance with Section 7-1 that additionally provides an audible alarm at the actuated device.

8-3.3.3 Smoke detectors shall be installed in all stairways, corridors, and means of egress within accommodat ion spaces. Consideration shall be given to the installation of special purpose smoke detectors within ventilation ducting.

8-3.3.4 Occupant notification shall be by means of voice announcements , initiated by a person in a central control station.

Chapter 9 Medical, Health Care, and Child Care Spaces

9-1 General Requirements. This chapter covers the rc for medical, healdl care, and child care spaces. Medi! care, and child care spaces are dlose used for treatr~..g;/ persons suffering f rom physical incapacitation or of'/zh

9-1.1 Application. Medical, health care, and shall comply with this chapter. .,::-.J

9-1.2 Definitions.

Hospital . A vessel or part of a vessel used on ~": the medical, obstetrical, or surgical care of four inpatients.

9-1.3 Minimum Const ruct ion/Separa t ion Requirements. (See 6-2.1) Medical, health care, and dfi ld care spaces shall be separated f rom adjoining spaces by bulkheads and decks dmt are constructed in accordance with Table 9-1.3.

9-1.4 Occupant Load. The occupant load for which means of egress shall be provided for arty deck shall be the maximum number of persons in tended to occupy that deck but no t less than

2 one person for each 11 m (118.4 ft ) of gross deck area in health- care sleeping areas for health care and medical care, and 3 m ~ (32.3 ft 2) for child care. Gross deck areas shall be measured within the exterior vessel bulkheads with no deductions. ( See Chapter 3.)

Table 9-1.3

Space High-risk accommodat ion Medium-risk accommodat ion Low-risk and sprink[ered accommodat ion Medical, heahh care, and child care

Medical, Health Care, and Child Care Separation

Requi rement B-15 B-15

Service ElectricM and control spaces Low-risk en~{ineerin~{ ,and machinery Medium-risk enbfineerin ~ and machiner~ High-risk engineer in~ and machinery Stora~ge Car~o spaces and bunker fltel hanks Onen deck Helicopter platform Voids, cofferdams, ballast tanks, and double

bot toms

B-0 B-0 A-60 A-0 A-0 A-60 A-60 A-60 A-60 A-0 A-60

A-0

9-2 Means of Egress Requirements.

9-2.1 General. Every aisle, passageway, corridor, exit discharge, exit location, and access shall be m accordance with Chapter 5.

9-2.2 Means of

9-2.2.1 Compo.j types d esc ri b.::~.~:!

9-22.2. .~?.?::.::~::::

Components .

~means of egress shall be limited to the 1.2 through 9-2.2.8.

~g with 5-2.1 shall be permit ted.

~ " p e r m i t t e d on patient-sleeping area

Exc~t~i:.:No~"l: Key locking devices that restrict access to the berth from the paJ~"".~...ay~...., and that are operable only by staff from the corridor side shall be/~'~. .~.2 Such devices shall not restrict egress from the berth. !F

~ors :.'...:~..

: " ~ : . 2 . ~ o r s not in a required means of egress shall be . ~ i + ~ { ~ ; ' t o be subject to locking. .-'-- . # 9-2.2.2.$ Doors widfin a required means of egress shall not be ~ . ~ i p p e d with a latch or lock that requires the use of a tool or key i.~'~?om file egress side.

9-2.2.2.4 Horizontal sliding doors, as pe imi t ted by 5-2.1.10, that are no t automatic-closing shall be limited to a single leaf and shall have a latch or other mech,'mism that will ensure that doors ~ l l not r ebound into a partially open position if forcefully dosed in an emergency.

9-2.2.2.5 The min imum clear width for doors leading from sleeping areas; diagnostic and t rea tment areas, such as X-ray, surg/~h/, or physical therapy; and nursery areas shall be 1 m (3.3 ft).

Exception No. 1: Doors that are located so as not to be subject to use by any health-care occupant shall be not less than 0.8 m (26 in.) in clear width.

Exception No. 2: Doors in exit stair enclosures shall be not less than .8 m (26 in.) in clear width.

Exception No. 3: Where a pair of doors is provided, at least one of the doors shall provide a minimum. 8-m (26-in.) clear width opening, and a rabbet, bevel, or astragal shall be provided at the meeting edge. The inactive leaf shall have an automatic flush bolt to provide positive latching.

9-2.2.3 Level means of egress components shall have a min imum 0.5 cm (0.2 in.) width per person served.

9-2.3 Egress Capacity. Egress capacity for components of means of egress shall be b a s e d o n the following:

Level Components Stairway Width and Ramps Width (cm per person) (cm per person)

Use [in. per person] [in. per person] Medical and

health care 1.0 [0.4] 0.5 [0.2]


138


9-2.4.1 At least two exit accesses of the types descr ibed in 9-2.2.2, remotely located f rom each other, shall be provided.

Exception: A single exit access shall be permitted for medical, health care, and child care spaces with occupant load not exceeding five persons.

9-2.4.2 At least one exit access f rom each separate occupancy shall be one of die following:

(a) A door to an embarka t ion area, or an area of refuge, or

(b) A door to a stair, or

(c) A door to a smokep roo f enclosure, or

(d) A door leading to a ramp, or

(e) A door to an exit passageway.

Any hospital area no! mee t ing dlese requ i rements shall be cons idered part o f an .adjoining occupancy. Egress shall no t require re turn d l rough the c o m p a r t m e n t of fire origin•

9-2.4.3 At least two exit accesses of die types descr ibed in 9-2.2.2 shall be accessible f rom each compar tmen t . Egress shall be

9-2.6 Emergency L i g h t i n g .

9-2.6.1 Emergency l ighting shall be provided in accordance with Section 5-9.

9-2.6.2 Vessels equ ipped with or in which patients require die use of l i fe-support systems shall have i l luminat ion of die required exit and directional signs suppl ied by die life safety b ranch of die electrical system as descr ibed in NFPA 09, Standard for Health Care Facilities.

Exception: Self-luminous exit signs us permitted by Exception No. 2 to 5-10.3.3.

9 - 3 P r o t e c t i o n .

9-3.1 Inter ior Finish. Inter ior f inish shall comply with Section 63 .

9 - 3 . 2 D e t e c t i o n , A l a r m , a n d C o m m u n i c a t i o n S y s t e m s .

9-$.2.1 Medical, heald~ care, a n d child care spaces shall be provided with a fire a la rm system in accordance with Section 7-1.

9-3.2.2 Initiation. Init iation o f die requi red fire a larm systems shall be by manua l means in accordance with %1.2 an d by m ean s of any requi red sprinkler system, water flow alarms, detect ion

permi t ted d l rough adjacent comparmaent (s ) bu t shall no t require devices, or detectio~ systems. re turn d l rough die c o m p a r t m e n t of fire origin. .~,:~::.-.':~,...

Excoptwn: Fire...~rm ~ . l l stations mpattent sleeping areas shall not be 9-2.4.4 Every habitable area shall have an exit access door leading required at ex~::..~eated at all nurses' control stations or other

. . . . . ~<: . - . - ~ : : " ~ : : : , • • •

directly to an exit access corndor , contmuous~.;~Uen~..~ta. . ~.~:.~ . . . . ~...~. fff location,, provided such pu. ll stattons are. mstble a ~ "~.~.ttnuo~i'::.accesstble and that travel distances required by

Exception No. 1: I f throe is an exit door opening directly outside the 7-1.2..l..:i~'~¢,exceeddi~ii~:.. ,,~ vessel or to an area of r,~tge. .:.,.:.:.!Y" . "~" t :"~?':

9 ; . ~ 3 N ~ . . . t ! f i c a i o n . ~,-':',":" Exception No. 2: Patient sleeping areas shall be permitted to have an ~i-".:':".:~i.".:~., ..~i~i.(~:'..::.. intervening area i f the intervening area is not used as an exit access for 9-3.~:] : .~ '~ 'c: '~pant N o t i f i c a t i o n . O c c u p a n t notif icat ion shall be more than right patient sleeping areas, a c c o m ' ~ d automatical ly in accordance with Section 7-1.

~!~!:-:: ....... " : : ~ , & Exczption No. 3: Special nursing suites shall be permitted to have one ::~.i!~!~feption: "~?:t/eu of audible alarm signals, visible alarm-indicating

• • . . ' ~ . • * ~ q : . : - : . ~ . . : . ~ . , • • . . . . . .

tntervenlntr area where the arran~'ement allows for dzrect and constant ~::, "~:~r*c.es ¢.~all be bermttted to be used In critical care areas. • . o . . - - . o • ~ ~:k ~.':'~:~:::::::.:..:~" visual supervision t o nursing personnet. ':~ .+:~:;:" ""-"::':~:~$.:.'-':"

..::<.:.~:.. "~i!!~.:.:'.:~.~-3.2.~'~'~ Emergency Forces Notif icat ion. Crew notification shall Exception No. 4: For areas other than patients' slee~ing a ~ i i ~i~be accompl i shed in accordance with Section 7-1• more ad'ac,'nt~j areas sha,ll be permitted to intervene =n ac~or.z:;~ ~'nce wi'.~.~:..::v "i~i-'5 :':f''...::. ~ . , : . - . . . . 9-2.4.Z x..~':~'.'..'~i~, ~:-...:::::.,. "~..-.: :...';~.~=3.2.3.$ Alarm Annuncmtmn . Alarm a n n u n c m t l o n shall be

"~ "q:,'.'i'i!i~:,...'-~ ~'" ~-'.:~iii~'.:'.:'i$-::::(~ "provided in accordance with Section 7-1. 9-2.4.5 Any pat ient s leeping area, or any suite of mgre d i ~ : : . m ~ "'::':'~'~" (1000 ft ~) dlat includes pat ient s leeping a r e a s ~ . . ¢ , at I ' ~ ? : , .,:~. 9-3.2.4 Emergency Control. Opera t ion of any activating device in two exit access doors remotely located from:.....:~ch o~:.. .-: . , "~:~::" the requi red fire a larm system shall be a r ranged to accompl ish

• :$%::. %::i".'.-'ii~- . # : : " automatical ly an~ control funct ions to be pe r fo rmed by that device 9-2.4.6 Any suite of ber ths dlat complies~;:~t~::i$.l.ae requi rd '~ents of in accordance w~th 7-1.1.4. 9-2.5 shall be permi t ted to be subdivided wid'tii::~.~.lass p a ~ t i o n s .

"':.?:!-!-&,..:.:.:...:.:, ~.,..:.-:~" 9-3.2.5 Detection. Detect ion systems, where required, shall be 9-2.4.7 Suites of berd~s, o ther d lan pat ient sleepii~.::i~.~is, shall be installed in accordance with Section 7-1. permi t ted to have one in tervening ,area, if fl~e travel!.~tgtance within die a rea to the exit access door is no t greater d lan ~0 m (100 ft), 9-3.3 Ext ingu ishment Requi rements . and shall be permit ted to have two in tervening areas where the travel dis tance within the area to die exit access door is no t greater d lan 15 m (50 ft).

9-2.4.8 Every corr idor serving medical, hea l th care, and child care spaces shall provide access to a t least two exits wi thout pass ing th rough any in tervening areas or spaces.

9-2.5 Travel Distance to Exits.

9-2.5.1 Travel dis tance shall be measu red in accordance with Section 5-6.

(a) The travel distarace between any door requi red za ,an exit access ,and an exit shall no t exceed 45 m (150 ft).

(b) The travel dis tance between any po in t in a ber th and an exit shall no t exceed 60 m (200 ft).

(c) The travel dist,ance between ,any point in a heal th care s leeping area and an exit access door in tha t a rea shall no t exceed 15 m (50 ft).

(d) The travel dis tance between any po in t in a suite of s leeping berth, as permi t ted by 9-2.5, and an exit access door of dlat suite shall no t exceed 30 m (100 ft) ,and shall mee t die r equ i rements of (b) above.

9-3.3.1 Medical, hea l th care, and child care shall be protec ted t h r o u g h o u t by an approved, supervised au tomat ic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 7-2.

9-3.3.2 Portable fire ext inguishers shall be provided in all hea l th care occupancies in accordance with Section 7-2.

9-4 Vessel Services.

9-4.1 Power for alarms, emergency commun ica t i ons systems, an d die iUuminat ion of generator-set locations shall be in accordance witll die life safety b ranch r equ i r emen t s of NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Facilities.

9-4.2 Any heal th care occupancy that normal ly utilizes life-support devices shall have electrical systems des igned and installed in accordance with NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Facilities.

Excz~ption: This requirement shall not app O to a facility that uses life- support equipment for emergency purposes on O.

C h a p t e r 1 0 Service Areas

10-1 General Requi rements . This chapter covers tile r equ i rements for service areas.

1 3 9


10-1.1 Application. Service spaces shall comply with dais chapter.

10-1.2" Subclagsification of Occupancies.

High risk - - any space containing heat producing appliances capable of producing temperatures that exceed 120°C (248°F).

10-1.2 Protection Schemes.

High-risk accommodation

Medium-risk accommodation

Low-risk accommodation Medical, healfll care, and

child care High-risk service Electrical and control Engineering and

machinery High-risk engineering and

machinery Hi~h-risk stora~:e Low-risk storage Cargo spaces and bunker

fi~el tanks

Separation Required Low-Risk Service

Separation Required High-Risk

Service

A-0 A-60

B-15 B-O

A-0 A-0 B-O

A-O

A-0 A-0 C

A-0

A-0 A-0

Open deck C Helicoptel platform A-0 Voids, cot !erdams

A-60 C A-0

A-0

A-60 A-0 A-0

A-0 A-0 A-0

(3 A-0

10-1.3 Occupant Load. Occupant load shall not be required to be applied to service spaces. Sufficient egress capacity shall be .~:::'~..:::.. provided in accordance widl Section 5-3.


10-2.1 General. AH means of egress shall be in a c c o r d a ~ : : ~ i ~ Chapter 5 and this section. ~::iiii'.'." "~iiii[

10-2.2 Means of Egress Components, "::::" "::':'iiii~ii!i!~:~!i#~::"::":':iiiiiiii!iiiiii!i~i

10-2.2.1 General. Components of means of e . ~ be':it~$.e.d.,.~ to dm types described it, 10-2.2.2. ..::~!.e::" ' "::iiliiiiiiiik ""~!i~; ~::"

10-2.2.2 Doors. Doors shall comply w i t ~ i : : ~ . -~i!!iii!i. ":':"

10-2.3 Number of Exit Accesses. Multiple exif:~i~.e, sses.:~$t~all not be required. "%iiiiiii::ii!.-'. "~::"

.:::::."

Exception: High-risk service spaces greater than 1.5 m~;::"shall have at least two exit accesses.

10-2.4 Arrangement of Means of Egress.

10-2.4.1 Where multiple exit accesses are required, exit accesses shall be located remotely from each other and shall be arranged to minimize d~e possibility that d~ey might be blocked by any emergency.

10-2.4.2 Means of egress shall be permitted through accommodations spaces.

10-2.5 Emergency Lighting. Emergency lighting shall be provided in accordance with Section 5-9.

10-3 Protection.

10-3.1 Interior Finish. Interior finish shall comply wld~ 6-3.3.

10-3.2 Detection, Alarm, and Communication Systems.

10-3.2.1 All service spaces shall be provided witl~ a manual alarm system in accordance with Section 7-1. 10-3.2.2 All service spaces shall be provided wid~ heat detection in accordance with Section 7-1.

Exception: Service spaces which are provided with an automatic sprinkler system complying with 7-2.2.

10-3.3 Extinguishing Requirements.

10-3.3.1 Galley Extinguishing Requirements. An automatic fire extinguishing system complying widl UL 300, Standard for Safety Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishing Systems for Protection of Restaurant Cooking Areas, shall be installed to protect all parts of die range, cooking appliances, plenum, and ducts. Commercial cooking equipment shall be installed in accordance witil NFPA 96, Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations.

10-3.3.2 Portable Extinguishers. Portable extinguishers shall be installed in accordance with 7-2.10.

Chapter 11 Electrical and Control Spaces

I1-1 General Requirements. This chapter covers d~e requirements for electrical and control spaces.

11-1.1 Application. Electrical and control spaces shall comply with this chapter.

11-1.2 Special Definitions.

11-1.3 Protection S.chemes. A!iiii':-,:

:::: 5"'"'??~i:~. Separation

,:.-':~'~i ~i!~::. Required High-risk:~!~ ico~ q ' ~ a t i o n A-60 M e d i u . ~ i ~ ~:i.a c c o ~i~i~.d ati o n A-0 L0w.di'gk "~:~ "::::: o "6m modat~!ii:: B-O M..¢~ical~ii~ealth care, ~ child care A-0

: i~ t [~- '~ . . J1 S]~i !~ . . I~ /1C e A - 0

EleS~.'."~.'f aft'8 control C' E n ~ : i n ~ g and machinery A-0 Hi~h-risR::i~ ~ieerin~ and mach ine~ A-60

ii!~[~Kh-risk ~ rage A-0 ~ : ~ t o r a g e A-0 .1: I i I lJ i 1.].11 I f ::'~ar~:~::~paces and bunker fuel tanks A-0 Ope~" deck A-0

---"hh~. icopter p [afform A-60 i:'Votds, cofferdams C

Exception No. I: Where redundant controls are provided, separation from high-risk engineering and machinery spaces shall be permitted to be reduced to A-O.

Exception No. 2: Where permitted by Chapters 17 through 19, wheelhouse separation from open decks shall be permitted to be reduced.

11-1.4 Occupant load. Occupant load shall not be required to be applied to electrical and control spaces. Sufficient egress capacity shall be provided in accordance with Section 5-3.


11-2.1 General. All means of egress shall be in accordance widl Chapter 5 and fills section.

11-2.2 Means of Egress Components.

11-2.2.1 Components of means of egress shall be limited to tile types described in 11-2.2.2

11-2.2.2 Doors shall comply widl 5-2.1.


11-2.3.1 Multiple exit accesses shall not be required.

11-2.3.2 Means of egress shall be permitted dlrough adjacent spaces of any type.

11-2.4 Emergency Lighting. Emergency lighting shall be provided in accordance wldl Section 5-9.

11-3 Protection.

11-3.1 Interior Finish. Interior finish shall comply wida 6-3.3.

11-3.2 Detection, Alarm, and Communication Systems. 140

N F P A 301 ~ A98 R O C (Repr inted f r o m F97 R O P )

11-3.2.1 All manned electrical and control spaces shall be provided with a manual alarm system in accordance with Section 7- 1.

11-3.2.2 All electrical and control spaces shall be provided with smoke detect ion in accordance wida Section 7-1.

11-3.3 Extinguishing requirements . Portable extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with %2.10.

Chapter 12 Engineering and Machinery Spaces

12-1 General Requirements.

12-1.1" Application. "Ihe requirements of this chapter apply to machinery spaces of high, medium, and low risk.

12-1.2" Special Definitions:

Manned Space. A space that is normally occupied.

Unmanned Space. A space that is occasionally occupied.

12-1.3 Minimum Construction Separation Requirements.

High-risk accommodat ion Medimn-risk accommodat ion Low-risk accommodat ion Medical, heahh care, and child

c~are Service Electrical and control Low-risk engineer ing a~ad

machinery High-risk engineer ing and

machinery Stora~ge Cargo spaces and bunker fuel

tanks Open deck

Low-Risk Machinery

Spaces A-60 A-O B-(}

A-0 A-0 A-O

C'

A-0

Exception: In engineering and machinery space occupancies and in storage occupancies, the clear distance between intermediate rails measured at right angles to the rails shall not exceed 50 cm (I 9. 7 in.).

12-2.2.4 Escape Trunks.

12-2.2.4.1 Where required, escape trunks shall be separated fi-om die machinery space by minimum A-60 divisions; they shall be provided with emergency lighting complying with Section 5-9 and with self-closing doors complying with 5-2.17 to allow protected egress from the machinery space.

Exception: Escape trunks that are 5 m (16.4fl) or less in height shall be permitted to be reduced to a minimum A-O division.

12-2.2.4.2 Self-closing doors or hatches shall be provided at each escape trunk egress.

Exception: Escape trunks egressing to weather.

12-2.2.5 Shaft Tunnels. Shaft tunnels shall be permit ted to serve as an egress route.


12-2.3.1 All machinery spaces shall be provided with a minimum of two separated m.~:,a.ns of egress.

H igh-Risk ~':::'::::::::.. Machinery Exception No, 1;::#::L'o'w'::~k machinery spaces.

S paces ~-i:::'i':-ii.:?.:.. A-60 Exception N..~i:'-'2: "::~'~anned machineo_ spaces that open directly to A-lilY weather or... ii~::i.,exit d ~ . .

• ..::i!::!i!::i::!i~::,'%: -::i!i!i!~! ....... A-0 12-2.$i.~" E x ~ shall be"i~,~"~d remotely from each other and at A-60 le~:. 'one:~lall not reqt~i~e passage through a water-tight d o o r

-:-. .::::::::::::.. .:-:i:i:.:.?&.. A-60 12-2 . :~ i i : i~ i i t e trunks shall be provided at the following locations: A-0 '::iiiii::::::::!!! ....

• -'i!!!:i ........ (a) Ev~:~::i~hae control room located wltltin the fire resistive A-0 ":~iiiiiiiiiiiiiii::~::~).ndaries:~:flle machinery space

A-0 "!iii~: ..::-~i~];'i':::!:.~i%e lowest deck of the machinery space A - 0,.:':i~i~-i!i i!i:i:: "!~ii-i"::" ,.. g;:" ..::~# :~iii i: :iiii, (.9) Each high-risk machinery space shall be provided with an

..::~.-..0 j!il ... ":: : i~pe trunk ~:::- ~ ....... ~:~:::l:iiiiii~:::::,)ii:,.:~i~::

A-fi~:::!:i:i I "::':i'i~-]':'::: Exception: Escape trunks shall not be required for machinery spaces .................. ::.:... A_0"-IIIII::II:~::..j ....... where the vertical distance from the lower level of the space to the weather

.... .:: ......... :!5.5.:!5- .... ":;::]:!::.::.!...:.::.'-i:- deck or exit access is less than 5 m (16.4 fly.

'::':~iiiiiiii!. '.':":'::" 12-3 Protection.

A-O

A-0 C

Helicopter platform A-60 Voids C'

12-1.4 Classification o f Occupancy. (see ~:~.} • ::i::" ~::i:i:i:i:~::.. ::::::::,

(a) Low risk - - Con,=~ins low-risk fuelis) ~?:::,~,o r e a d y ~ u r c e of gn tion present. "%%j:"..::::

(b) High risk i Contains high-risk fuel(s) with ,':i:i!~'hrce of ignition present. "~:"

12-2 Means o f Egres,s R~lulrements .

12-2.1 General. All means of egress shall be in accordance with Chapter 5 and dais section.

12-2.2 Means of Egr~,~s Components .

12-2.2.1 Means of egress components shall be limited to the types described in 12-2.2.2 fllrough 12-2.2.6

12-2.2.2" Doors. Doors shall comply with 5-2.1.

Exception No. 1: Water-tight doors and weather-tight doors need not comply with the construdion requirements of Chapter 5.

Exception No. 2: Doors .shall be ptwraitted to have a minimum width of 700 mm (28 in.).

12-2.2.3 Stairs. 12-2.2.3.1 Service stalls and ladders complying wifla 5-2.7 shall be permitted.

12-2.2.3.2 Fire escape ladders complying witla 5-2.8 and alternating tread devices complying wifla 5-2.9 shall be permit ted as a secondary means of egress.

12-3.1 High-risk machinery spaces shall be protected with one of tile following systems in accordance with Chapter 7:

(a) Gaseous total-flooding system

(by Water-utist system protecting the entire space

12-3.2 Energy Sources.

12-3.2.1 Machinery space fire protect ion systems shall be provided with two sources of electrical power.

12-3.2.2" For all vessels, at least one source of power for fire protection systems shall be provided from outside the protected space.

Exception: Machinery spaces not exceeding 120 m s (423Z8J~ ).

12-3.2.3 Wiring and switchgear for fire protect ion system pumps and controls shall be such that fire damage in the protected space will not impair the system.

12-3.5 Hydrants.

12-3.3.1 Hydrants shaU be located witltin or outside the machinery space such that all areas of the space can be reached by at least two hose lines. The closest hose line shall not exceed 25 meters and the second hose line shall be provided from the same deck.

Exception: As otherwise provided by Chapters 17 through 1 9,

12-5.3.2 Hydrants witlfin flae machinery space ,and dlose immediately outside the protected space shall be capable of

141


providing low-expansion AFFF or other suitable foam for 30 minutes at rated flow from any two hydrants.

Exception: As otherwise provided by Chapters 17 through 19.

12-3.4 Fire Alarm Detection. All machiner,/spaces shall be fitted with automatic fire detectors that initiates visual and audible alarms in the machinery space, machinery control room, the bridge, and central control station.

Exception: h~ periodicall"~ unattended machineo, spaces, the fire-detection ~stem may be so designdt and the detectors so positioned as to rapidly detect the onset of fire in any part of those spaces and under an~t normal conditions of operation of the machinery and variations of ventilation as required by the possible range o f ambient temperatures.

12-3.5" Emergency Escape Breathing Device (EEBD), The minimum number of National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) approved EEBDs provided shall be the greater of the following:

(a) Twice the watch manning

(b) The maximum number of personnel expected to be working in file space at ,any given time

Exception: EEBDs shall not be required in engineering and machinery spaces where the travel distance does not exceeds 15 m (49.2fl).


12-4.1 Emergency Lighting. All of file following areas shall be provided with emergency lighting:

(a) Manned spaces

(b) Escape routes

(c) Areas housing fire-extinguishing equipment and damage- . control equipment

12-4.2 Low-Location Lighting. Low-location lighting shall be provided in manned high-risk machinery spaces. ~..:.~.::

12-5 Compartmentation. -'-':'::" ..::i:i:-..x. • ::~'::"::-:'~:~:~::'. ~?.'::3.:'!i:'!i'i~.~

12-5.1 There shall be no access between cargo p u n ~ r~i~:~'~'d"'~'~ other machinery spaces. .-:E':'i~::.:i!':::, " •

12-5.2" There shall be no doors between b.j~"l~:'-'risk ~ . ~ . n e ~ l :::~':: spaces, engine casings, or fidley areas, and~;!fllle followiri'~i~pes ...~

spaces: , : i iiiiiiiii::j (a) Passenger egress stairs "::ii ;::..

(b) Public spaces ,~iiiii~ -:i~"

(c) Embarkation areas

(d) Refilge areas

(e) Passenger muster stations

(f) Bridge

(g) Radio room

(h) Emergency generator space

(i) Cabin areas for passengers

(j) Fan rooms serving spaces other than the machinery space

Exception: As otherwise provided by Chapters 17 through 19.

12-6 Pressurized Oil Systems.

12-6.1 Flexible fuel and lubricating oil lines operating above 10 bar (145 psi) shall be provided wid~ double-wall tubing and fittings in accordance wifla SOLAS Chapter 1I-2, Regulation 15.

12-6.2 Pressurized oil systems shall be provided with remote shutdown controls located ,as follows:

(a) Immediately outside the machinery space and adjacent to the fixed fire extinguishing system actuation controls

(b) On the bridge deck in an area accessible to all officers

12-6.$ Splash guards to avoid oil spray or oil leakages onto hot surfaces or into machinery air intakes shall be prowded for the following:

(a) Strainers for pressurized oil systems

(b) Fuel injection pumps

(c) Pressurized oil lines

12-6.4" Fuel injector pipelines operating in excess of 10 bar (145 psi) shall be double-walled with arrangements provided for an alarm to be given in case of leakage.

Exception: Machine 0 operating below 375 k W (500 HP).

12-7 Ventilation Systems. Machinery space ventilation systems shall be provided with remote shut-down controls located as follows:

(a) Immediately outside the machinery space and adjacent to the fixed fire-extinguisb.J.'ng system actuation controls.

On the h ~ e " : ~ k in an area accessible to all officers. (b) On the b~

12-8 Hot ~fa:~

12-8.1 suff...~s sh~t" be oo~" an i ~ i t i o n

12-9

t manifolds, flues, and other hot ch that the exposed surfaces do not

r sprayed or spilled oils.

not exceed 150°C(302°F).

:-I-~::.:...W~. ~fe a water-mist extinguishing system is installed in high- ~ ' ~ n e r y spaces to satisfy the requirements of 12-3.1, one of q.he foJlCSwing systems shall be installed to protect the bilges:

i~ .-:~) ow-expansion foam :'(b) High-expansion foam (c) Water mist

12-9.2 Bilge plating shall be solid for walkways to escape routes.

12-10" Incinerator Spaces. Incinerator spaces shall be provided with remote shut-down controls located immediately outside the machinery space and adjacent to the fixed fire-extinguishing system actuation controls.

12-11 Portable ExtinguLshers. Approved portable multipurpose dry-chemical fire extinguishers shall be provided in all macltinery spaces, in accordance with Chapter 7.

Chapter 13 Storage Spaces


13-1.1 Application. Storage spaces shall comply with this chapter.

13-1.2 Subclasslflcatlon of Occupancies.

A high-risk storage space contains ltigh-risk fuels or flammable aerosols. It is dedicated for trash storage or contains pyroteclmics or explosives.

Exception No. 1: Alcohol in containers not exceeding 10 l (2.64 gal).

Exception No. 2: Flammable liquids and aerosols stored in containers in accordance with NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code.


Hi~b-risk accommodation

Separation Required Low-Risk Storage

B-15

Separation Required High-Risk

Storage A-60

142

N F P A 3 0 1 - - A 9 8 R O C ( R e p r i n t e d f r o m F 9 7 R O P )

Medium-risk accommodation Low-risk accommodation Medical, health care, and

child care Hi~h-risk service Electrical and control ]~ngineerin~ and machinery High-risk engineering and

machinery Hi~:h-risk storage Low-risk storage Cargo spaces and bunker fi~el

ranks ,,,.Open deck Helicopter platform Voids, cofferdams

B-0 A-60 C A-0

B-0 A-0 C A-0 B-0 A-0 C A-0

C A-0 A-0 A-0 C A-0

A-0 A-0 C A-0 A-0 A-0 A-0 A-0

13-1.4 Occupant Load. Occupant load shall not be applied to storage spaces.


13-2.1 General. All means of egress shall be in accordance witil Chapter 5 and this section.

14-1.1 Application. Cargo spaces and fuel tanks shall comply witii this chapter.

14-1.2 Special Definitions.

Restricted Access Spaces.* Spaces that are not normally occupied by the crew during tile course of normal working or watchstanding but dlat may be periodically checked during the course of their rounds.

14-1.3 Protection Schemes. Car,~o spaces and fl~el hanks shall be separated from all spaces by mimmum A-0 construction.

Exception: Where otherwise provided by Chapters 17 through 19.

14-1.4 Occupant Load. Occupant load shall not be applied to cargo spaces and fuel tanks.


14-2.1 Means of egress shall be in accordance wifll Chapter 5 and this section.

14-2.2 Means of egress from restricted access cargo spaces and fuel tanks shall not be required to comply widl Chapter 5.

Exc~Otion: Where r~$ired by Chapters 17 through 19. 13-2.2 Means of Egress Components. . 6iii~'~.~i~.: . . . . .

14-3 Protectm~~'Prot'~.~on shall be provided m accordance widl 13-2.2.1 General. Components of means of egress shall be limited CAlapters 17.~:.a':'=~ 19. to tile types described in 13-2.2.2 tiwough 13-2.2.3. . ~':.'~ilili !.,:::::::. ":':-"~ii~:-i::...-.:::..:::::::

13-2.2.2 Doors. Doors shall comply with 5-2.1. ~ i ~ " : : ~ t e r 15 Open Decks

13-2.2.$ Ramps. Ranws shall comply with 5-2.5. l ~ ! ~ G e ~ ! R e q u i r e ~ t s . This chapter covers the requirements

13-2.3 Means of Egress Arrangement, ":~i?i.::-~!~i'-'. " . . 15-1.1 "~!!ca~on. Open decks shah comply w~th tins chapter.

13-2.3.1 M,l~ple exit ,~ccesses sha, not be reqnired from sto=ge ::~::.--O5-1.2~ Pr~':o.~i spaces. Schemes.

":~:. " - .~:i~i~.i~:::.,:,,. ~::.

""~!~': [-::!~iY-'::%:~ :':;';"" ~ "-"-" "':':': ":"':':" I SeparatiOn I 13-2.3.2 Means of egress shall be permitted tiirough adjacent spaces of any type. - • -

13-2.4 Travel Distance to Exits. Exits s total length of travel from any point to 1 exceed 40 m (131 ft).

13-2.5 Emergency Lighting. Emergenc 1 in accordance witll Section 5-9 in storag (538.2 ftz).

13-3 Protection.

13-3.1 Interior Finish. Interior finish s

15-3.2 Detection, Alarm, and Commur storage spaces shall be provided with a accordance with Section 7-1.

Exception: Where otherwise provided by Ch~pu~7~ J ~ .. . . . ~g,~ ~ i.

13-3.$ Extinguishing Requirements. High-risk storage spaces sh,all be fitted with a fixedautomatic fire protection system in accordance with Sectien 7-2.

13-4 Special Provisions for High-Risk Fuels Storage.

13-4.1 The provisions of Sections 13-1 through 13-3 shall be met except as modified by 13-5.2 tilrough 13-5.3.

13-4.2 Storage of high-risk fuels shall be in sealed, shatterproof containers. Shelves and storage fixtures shall prevent severe movement of containers widl tile normal motion of tile vessel. 13-4.3 Electrical equipment in high-risk filels storage shall be installed in accordance with Article 500, NFPA 70, National Electrical Code.

Chapter 1,1 Cargo Spaces and Fuel Tanks

14-1 General Requirements. This chapter covers the requirements for cargo spaces and tirol tanks.

15-1.3 Occupant Load. The occupant permitted on any open deck shall be determined on file basis of file following occupant load facto rs:

(a) Fixed seating: design capacity

(b) Bleachers, pews, and other bench-type seating: one person per 45 linear cm (18 in.)

(c) Open aregs: one person for each 1 m e (10 fC) of gross deck area ,and 0.65 m e (7 fC) of net area

Exception: Occupant load shall not be required to be applied to open deck areas which are not intended to normally be occupied.

15-1.4 Storage of Cargo. Open decks intended for tile carriage of cargo shall also meet the requirements of Chapter 14.

15-1.5 Temporary Storage. Open decks intended for the temporary storage of ship's stores shall comply with Section 15-3.

15-2 Means of Egress Requirements. All means of egress shall be in accordance with Chapter 5 and this section.

143


Exception: Means of egress shall be permitted to be entire~ by exterior stairways and open decks.

15-3 Special Considerations for ()pen Decks Intended for Storage of Ship's Stores.

15-3.1 Storage are,'ts shall not impede means of egress.

15-3.2 Storage areas shall be capal)le of being reached by two fire- hose streams.

15-3.3 Deck lmuse construction adjacent to storage area shall be at least A-0.

153.4 Storage area shall he designed wifla provisions for spill or leak containment.

15-3.5 Storage area shall be provided, remote from dae vessel superstructure, with permanent means for fastening or lashing containers to vessel.

Chapter 16 ltellcopter Decks

16-1" General Requirements. This chapter covers the requirements for helicopter decks.

16-1.1 Application. Helicopter decks shall comply with this chapter.


High-risk accommodation Medium-risk accommodation Low-risk accommodation Medieval, health care, and child care Hi~h-risk service Electrical and control Engineerin~ and machinery High-risk en~ineerin~ and machinery High-risk stora~:e Low-risk storage (.;argo spaces and bunker tirol tanks (3)en deck

Separation Required

A-60 A-60 A-60 A-60 A-0 A-0 A-60 A-f0 ....:-~:::~::,.. .f?;"Y?~'???i A-O.I::;V "~:~ili

C '%%. H elicopter platform .-::..':i~-:~iiiiiii~i3!~./.A "":!!i~i!::~ii~:: Voids cofferdams ..:l# . . . . . ~! .~::, "::;~i~ .!:!- , ,.!.,. :!.:.:. :.~

..:~,~:::::>. "~;:'..'~:: ...--.-:. 16-1.3 Occupant Load. Occupant load':Rl[f~-'~;.~ot be recl{'~.'~ed to be applied to helicopter decks. ':%.'!~;::. ~ ~"

%~i~!:..::, .~: 16-2 Means of Egress Requirements. Means of ~ . , 4 ~ a l l be in accordance wida Chapter 5 and this section. .~i::::'"

16-2.1 Means of Egress Components. Means of egress components shall be limited to dm types described in 16-2.1.1 darough 16-2.1.2,

16-2.1.1 Stairs. Steel stairs complying wida 5-2.2 shall be permitted.

16-2.1.2 Service Stairs and Ladders. Service stairs ,and ladders complying wida 5-2.7 shall be permitted.

16-2.2. Each helicopter deck shall have two means of egress.

16-3 Protection.

16-3.1 Extinguishing Requiremenm.

16-3.1.1 Each helicopter deck and hangar shall be fitted with eid~er a foam system complying wida 7-2.1.1 or 7-2.5. Hydrants for manual application of foam shall be accessible from each of dae means of egress required by 16-2.1.

16-3.1.2 In addition to the extinguishers required by 7-2.10, an additional two BC 20 and two A 10 BC 20 extinguishers shall be provided.

16-3.2 Drainage. Each helicopter deck shall have drainage facilities which prevent d~e collection of liquids and prevent liquids from dripping on other parts of the ship. Drainage shall be overboard.

16-3.3 Communications. Communication capability shall be available between dae bridge, fire-fighting foam control stations, hangar, and d~e helicopter deck.

Chapter 17 Towing Vessels


17-1.1 Application. This chapter shall apply to all towing vessels greater allan 375 kW (500 HP).

17-1.2 Occupant Load. Occupant load shall not be required to be applied to towing vessels.

17-2 Means of Egress. Chapter 5 shall not apply to towing vessels.

17-3 Protection. (No requirements.)

17-4 Accommodations Spaces. Chapter 8 shall not apply to towing vessels. Accommodations spaces on towing vessels shall comply with this section.

17-4.1 Separation. Accommodations spaces shall be separated from enganeering and machinery spaces and from fuel tanks with at least A-0 barriers.

17-4.2 Detection,:.::ii~j.la.gle-station smoke detectors complying with UL 217, Single a~d ~;[~iple Station Smoke Detectors, shall be provided in ~ i g ~ : c o m m o d a t i o n s space.

17-5 M e . d i ~ H e ~ i ! ] ~ . re, and Child Care Spaces. Chapter 9

l Spaces. C pter 10 shaU not apply to towing vessels.

i7-7:':i!~:~t and Control Spaces. Chapter 11 shall not apply to towi ng':-~:eis.

":~;i:4-.7-8 E n g i ~ . ~]'ng and Machinery Spaces. Chapter 12 shall not $ . "~ . - ' : .* . .o t.Q.~ng vessels. Engineering and machinery spaces on

$~ . ~ ¢ ~ e l s shall comply widl dais section.

::~!i, 17-8.1" Separation. Engineering and machinery spaces shall be "~i~arated from accommodations spaces widl at least A-0 barriers.

:"~iii!~.-'::~:::i~'~:"17-8.2 Detection. Smoke or heat detectors complying with 7-1.3 "::":":':~:: shaU be provided in all engineering and machinery spaces. Means

shall be provided such flint detector actlvadon is indicated on the ~-':"~: bridge.

17-8,$ Fire Protection Systems and Equipment. All engine rooms shall beprovided wida a fixed suppression system complying with Section 7-2.

17-8.4 Fuel Systems.

17-8,4.1 Portable Fuel Systems. Portable fuel systems shall not be permitted.

Exception: Where used for portable bilge pumps, portable tanks and fuel lines meeting ABYC H-25, Portable Containers for Flammable Liquids, shall be permitted.

17-8.4.2 Fuel Restrictions, Fuel for main propulsion and ship's service generators shall not have a flash point less dmn 43°C (110°F).

17-8.4.3 Pressurized Oil Systems. Pressurized oil systems shall comply wida Section 12-6.

17-9 Storage Spaces. Chapter 13 shall not apply to towing vessels.

17-10 Fuel Tanks. Chapter 14 shall not apply to towing vessels. Integral fuel tanks shall comply widl dais section.

17-10.1 Each fuel tank shall be fitted with a vent pipe connected to the highest point of the tank which terminates in a 3.14 radiant (180 degree) bend on a wead~er deck and which is fitted with a flame screen.

17-10.2 The net cross sectional area of the vent pipe required by 17-10.1 shall be 300 mmt (0.465 in.~).

144


Exception: Where provisions are made to fill a tank under pressure, the net cross sectional area of the vent pipe shall bepermitted to be reduced to not less than the net cross sectional area of the fill pipe.

17-10.3 Fuel Piping.

17-10.3.1 Fuel piping shall be seamless; shall be made of steel, copper-nickel, mmealed copper, or nickel-copper; and shall have a wall thickness of at least 0.9 mm (0.035 in.)

Exception No. 1: Alumin'um piping shall be permitted on aluminum vessels i f it is installed outside the machinery space and is at least 2.4 mm (0.095 in.) thickness (schedule 80).

Exception No. 2: Nonmetallic flexible hose is permitted i f it meets the following conditions:

(a) Not used in lengdts exceeding 0.8 m (2.6 ft)

(b) Installed in a visihle location

(c) Does not penet rme any water-tight bulkheads

(d) Fabricated with an inner tube and a cover of synthetic rulaber reinforced with a wire braid

18-1.1" Application. This section shall apply to all vessels fl~at carry cargo.

18-1.2 Referenced Regulations. In addit ion to this section, fine following shall be complied widh where applicable:

(a) International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as ,amended (SOLAS)

(b) International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Caro ing Chemicals in Bulk (IBC)

(c) Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (BCH)

(d) International Gas Carrier Code (IGC)

(e) Gas Carrier Code

(f) International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT) (4da Ediuon)

18-1.3 Occupant Load. Occupant load shall be in accordance with Chapters 8 through 16.

(e) Fitted with corros,ion-resistant compression fittings

(f) Installed wid~ two clamps which do not rely on spring tension at each end of the bose. if d~e hose is in tended to be secured with clamps

17-10.3.2 A fuel line subject to internal head pressure from fuel in the tank shall be fitted with a positive shutoff valve which is operable from ontside the machinery space.

17-11 Open Decks. Chapter 15 shall not apply to towing vessels.

17-12 Helicopter Decks. Chapter 16 shall not apply to towing vessels.

17-13 Vegsel Services.

18-2 Means o f Egre.s.s. Means of egress shall only be required to comply wifla C h a ~ . : : . a s specified in dais section.

:::':!:" -,-@

18-2.1 Meang.:~i~gress Components . Means of egress components shall be l i ~ d i : ~ e . types described in 19-2.2.1 flarough 1 9-2.2.6.

18-2.1 .~.t.-:iiii~.:d.'~r a s s ~ : . ~ A n c l u d i n g fine door opening, frame, doo~.'."~d'nd ri':~:izess~ h a ~ i ' e I used as a componen t in a means .~¢ . . a J ' y . i~

ot~:~ress "~h,all conform~.t~ dae general reqnirements of Section 5-1 ~:i~i!~'9....d~ecial requirements of dais subsection. Such an asse '~ i~ | i~ :~: :be designated as a door.

• "-?.:.::::.. 18-2.1.2 ":~.~..::.dOor that is required to serve as an exit shall be "~'ii!:.ii~:.2~$i.::.*..i.~igned a~:-~onstructed so d~at the way of exit travel ~s obvious

•'-iii.: ' : " :~ i~ :~ .%! ~:~

%#1:8-2.1..~;' Doors shall swing in the direction of egress travel where

17-13.2.1.3 Fire Hose. A fire hose and nozzle meet ing 7-2.3.3 and shall be provided for each hydrant.

17-13.2.2 Portable Fire Extinguishers. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with Table 17-13.2.2.

Table 17-13.2.2

17-13.3.1 Towing vessels of greater dmn 3000 kW (2238 hp) shall b e e q u i p p e d with two sets of fire-fighter protective clothing meet ing 7-3.1.

17-13.3.2 Towing vessels of greater than 3000 kW (2238 lap) shall be equipped widl two sets of self-contained breathing apparatus meet ing 7-3.2.

Chapter 18 Cargo and Tank Vessels


18-2.1.6 Exit Door Hardware. A latch or odaer fastening device on a door shall be provided with a lever, handle, panic bar, or odler simple type of releasing device dlat has an obvious method of operation (under all lighting conditions). The releasing mechanism for any latch shall be located not more than 120 cm (47.2 in.) above fine finished floor. Doors shall be capable of being opened with no more than one releasing operation.

Exception: Egress doors from individual staterooms shall be permitted to be provided with devices that require not more than one additional releasing operation, such as a night latch, dead bolt, or security chain, provided such device is operable from the inside without the use of a key or tool and is mounted at a height not to exceed 120 cm (47.2 in.) above the finished floor.

18-2.2 Stairs.

18-2.2.1 General. Stairs, eidler interior or exterior, used as a componen t in the me,'ms of egress shall conform to the general requirements of Section 5-1 and to the special requirements of this subsection.

18-2.2.2 Types of Stairs.

18-2.2.2.1 Dimensional Criteria. Stairs shall be in accordance wida the following table:

Table 18-2.2.2.1 Stairs

145

Sy, tems and Equlpmen, . in an enclosnre or wi, ere serving a hlghh d contents 17-13.2 Fire Protection ..:.:..., :.:.:. ":.~:,~...gg, a.

17-13.2.1 Fire Pumps, Fire Mains, Hydrants, and H~i.F.::.ire ~:."..":'i:~':'~"-:~:~::.:. %::~!'::" pumps, fire mains, hydrants, and hose shall comply 'iqitff:~..ti~y '':~::~'...-#~ " 18-2.1.4 During its swing, any door into a means of egress shaU section. .. ..... "%-.~iiii~:. ":"::-':::~ leave unobstructed at least one half o f die required widda of an

..::¢~.!g':!:~:~i::iiii~iiii~i.:, "::'%!?:::ii::,....::::. aisle, passageway, or landing. When fully open, dae door shall not 17-13.2.1.1 Fire Pumps. A fire pump capab...~"of sn~ :~!~g the':t~.~:" project more than 15 cm (5.9 in.) into the required width of an highest outlets at a flow rate not less than. . : :~ Ipm (80 ~ ) at:.~:" aisle, passageway, or landing. Doors shall not open immediately pressure not less than 350 kPa (50 psi) ~~]~::~.provided:~ii:...'~ onto a stair without a landing. The landing shall have a width at

':q~ii!!!::.. iiii ~: least equal to dae width of fine door. (See 5-2.2.3) 17-13.2.1.2 Fire Main and Hydrants. A fire m;i]~!i~~d h ..~i"ants shall be installed such that all port ions of die v e s ~ ! " b e reached 18-2.1.5 Water-Tight Doors. Water-tight doors in a means of egress widl a single length of hose. %:i":" shall be dae quick-acting or power-operated type. .::.::--


Minimum width clear of all 90 cm (35.4 in.) obstructions, except projections no t exceeding 10 cm (3.9 in.) at or below handrail height on each side

Maximum height of risers Minimum hei,ght of risers Minimum net tread depth Minimum headroom Maximum height between landings Landing

18-2.2.2.2 Tread Slope. Tread slope shall not exceed 2.0 e m / m (0.24 in./f t) (a slope of 1 in 50).

18-2.2.2.3 Riser Height and Net Tread Depth. Riser height shall be measured as the vertical distance between tread nosings. Tread deptll shall be measured horizontally between the vertieal planes of die foremost projection of adjacent treads and at a right angle to the tread's leading edge but shall not include beveled or rounded tread surfaces flint slope more than 20 degrees (a slope of 1 in 2.75). At tread nosings, such beveling or roundlngsha l l not exceed 1.5 cm (0.6 in.) in horizontal dimension. The total tread shall not be less than 25 cm (9.8 in.).

20 cm (7.9 in.) 10 cm (3.9 in.) 24 cm (9.4 in.)

205 cm (80.7 in.) 3.5 m (11.5 ft)

(see 5-2.2.3 and 5-2.1.4.3)

18-2.5.3 The appropriate design m e d m d shall be any system that meets file performance level stipulated in 5-2.3.2. The smokeproof enclosure shall be permit ted to be created by using natural ventilation, by using mechanical ventilation incorporat ing a vestibule, or by pressurizing die enclosure.

1 8 - 2 . 5 . 4 E n c l o s u r e . A smokeproof enclosure shall be enclosed by fire barriers. Where a vestibule is used, it shall be wit : in the enclosure and shall be considered part of die smokeproof enclosure. Vestibules shall have a min imum dimension of 110 cm (43.5 in.) in width and 185 cm (72.8 in.) in the direction of travel.

18-2.5.5 Discharge. Every smokeproof enclosure shall open to an adjacent smokeproof enclosure, an open deck having direct access to a embarkation area, or an exit access or exit. Such exit passageways shall be without openings o ther than the entrance from the smokeproof enclosure and the door to tile open deck, or embarkat ion area. The exit passageway shall be separated from the remainder of tim vessel by fire barriers having A-Class fire- resistance ratings.

18-2.5.6 Access. Access sllall be by way of a vestibule, an exit, an exit access, stair enclosure, or by way of an open deck.

Exception: Smokeproof enclosures consisting of a pressurized stair 18-2.2.2.4 There shall be no variation exceeding 0.5 cm (0.2 in.) in enclosure complying te.ith 5-2.3.9. die depth of adjacent treads or in tile height o f adjacent rtsers and ::.:~!}i!~.%.

" :':'"~'~:> " " d die tolerance between file largest and smallest riser or between the 18-2.6 Door C.l.~ers. ~.'he acuvauon of an automatic closing evice largest and smallest tread shall not exceed 1.0 cm (0.4 in.) in any on any door " ~ . s m o k e p r o o f enclosure shall activate all oilier flight, automatic ~sin~.-'~..vi.'ces on doors in the smokeproof enclosure.

.,:, "% -.-.%:-:-~.:: 18-2.3 Guards and Handrails. 18-2.7 J ~ c y L ~ g . , . ~ . , A l l smokeproof enclosures and

vesti...~i]es s[i~ll be pro~*.~:"with emergency lighting powered by 18-2.3.1 Guards. Means of egress such as stairs, landings, tl~e:'.-!~tand ~.:: power syst~d~" (5-2.3.12). passageways, deck openings, ramps, aisles, galleries, or mezzanines ~-'ii~:::~':~..:'i~::, ...iiiiiiii'-:::. " dlat are more allan 75 cm (29.5 in.) above the deck below sball be 18-2~.~'~ii.'~..~iiJ'~'[it Ventilation. Smokeproof enclosures using natural provided widl guards to prevent falls over tile open side. ventil~.::..,:.hall comply wifll file following:

• ~!::,,. %'~ii~..'.:..::-:;~ 18-2.3.2 Handrails. Each stair or ramp with a slope exceeding 1 in :~!i~'~ii:::'~!.'.:::,(a) Tile ~ " r w a y s into dm smoke tower shall be protected witil 12 shall have handrails on bodl sides. In addition, handrails shall % "'r:~:.'i~.~..~9.v...~ fire door assembly having a Class-A fire protect ion be provided witlfin 75 cm (29.5 in.) of all portions of die required % ~ ' 6 : 6 ~ : " " egress widdl of stairs. The required egress widtil shall be a .[~. : : the %5i~'~:: g~"~ natural path of travel. Stairs shall have a handrail on at I .~"~i~! : %. (b) "Doors shall be designed to minimize all leakage and shall be side. (See also 5-2.2.4.5.) .:-~" "!~i~i!: ~..~...ff-closing or shaU be automatic self-closing by actuation of a

,:~:'.-.::.. ~ : . . : , %~i.~noke detector. 18-2.3.3 Required guards and handrails shall contin{te f~i~l-.I.~::~ulP:~ii:-..'!:~l~ " length of each flight of stairs. At turns of stairs, inside h a n ' ~ i l z ":"*:":" 18-2.9 Exit Corridors. shall be continuous between flights at landin.g:.~i~i~;":"~ii~i~..'::~i::,. "::i~iiii!i..-..::...,.::...:.

...4U "::'~':'-:~!'!::. "%~"" 18-2.9.1 General. Exit corridors shall conform to the general 18-2.4 l landrail Details. .::--:.':~i'::, "::i~!~. .:~d.~:" requirements of Section 5-1 and to file special requirements of dais

<:::" :~ii~!~i~::.. '~-~.-".'j. s t : b s e c t i o n. (a) Handrails on stairs sb:dl be no t less th~:t~i::~.-5, cm (3~j::g in.)

nor more tilan 95cm (37.4 in.) above the surf~:.i~..the...~ead, 18-2.9.2 Enclosure. An exit corridor shall be separated from odler measured vertically to die top of the rail f rom the':]~.:.~:~g edge of parts of die vessel by B-Class division. dae tread. <i~ii~::"

18-2.9.3 Stair Discharge. An exit corridor d~at serves as a discharge from a stair enclosure shall have the same fire-resistance rating and Exception No. 1 to (a): Required handrails that form part of a guard

shall be permitted to have a maximum height of 105 cm (41.5 in.) measured vertical 0 to the top of the rail from the leading edge of the tread.

Exception No. 2 to (a): Additional handrails that are lower or higher than the main handrail shall be permitted.

(b) Handrails shall provide a clearance of at least 4 cm (1.6 in.) between tile handrail ,and die bulkhead to which it is fastened.

(c) Handrail ends shall be re turned to die bulkhead or deck or shall terminate at newel posts.

(d) Handrails that are not cont inuous between fligbts shall extend horizontally, at the required height, at least 30 cm (12 in.) beyond the top riser and continue to slope for a depth of one tread beyond dm bot tom riser where a guard or bulkhead exists.

18-2.5 Smokeproof Enclosures.

18-2.5.1 Where smokeproof enclosures are required by o ther sections of dlis Code, they shall comply with 5-2.3.

18-2.5.2 A smokeproof enclosure shall be an enclosure des igned so that the movement of products of combustion produced by a fire occurring in any par t of the vessel into die smokeproof enclosure shall be limited.

opening protective fire protection rating as that required for the stair enclosure.

18-2.10 Service Ladders.

18-2.10.1 General. Service stairs and ladders are designed to be used for egress from areas by able-bodied crew.

18-2.10.2 Dimensional Criteria. Service stairs and ladders shall comply widl dm requirements of Table 18-2.10.2.

Table 18-2.10.2 Stair R e q u i r e m e n t s

Minimum width Minimum horizontal d imension of

landing{ or platform Maximum riser height Minimum net tread depdl Minimum total tread depth Hand rail height

Minimum head room Spiral stairs

Dimensions 70 cm (27.5 in.)

70 em (27.5 in.) 30 cm (11.8 in.) 17 cm (6.7 in.) 25 cm (9.8 in.) 85 cm to 95 cm 33.5 in. to 37.5 in. 1 .0 m (6.6 ft)

As permit ted by 5-2.2.2.7

146

N F P A 301 ~ A98 R O C (Reprinted f rom F97 R O P )

18-2.10.3 Restrictions. The lowest rung of any ladder shall be not more allan 30 cm (11.8 in.) ahove the level of the surface beneadl it.

18-2.11 Vertical Ladders.

18-2.11.1 General. Vertical ladders shall be permit ted to be used for access or means of escape as provided by Chapters 17 d l rough 19.

18-2.11.2 Construction and Installation. Vertical ladders shall be constructed of steel.

18-2.11.3 Mounting Requirements. Each ladder used as a means of escape shall be moun ted at least 18 cm (7 in.) from die nearest pe rmanen t object in back of die ladder.

18-2.11.4 Design o f Rungs. Rungs shall be as follows:

(a) At least 40.5 cm (16 in.) in widdl

(b) Not more dian 30.5 cm (12 in.) apart and uniformly spaced for die lengd~ of die ladder with at least 11 cm (4.5 in.) clearance above each rung

18-2.11.5 Deck Scuttles. When a deck scuttle serves as a means of escape, it shall not be less daan 45.5 cm (18 in.) in d iameter and shall be fitted widl a quick acting release and a holdback device to hold die scutde in an open posit ion.

18-2.12 Alternating Tread Devices.

18-2.12.1 Alternating tread devices complying widl 5-2.10.2 shall be permit ted to be used o,aly as follows:

(a) To provide access to unoccupied upper-deck areas

(b) To provide a second means of egress from spaces subject to occupancy only by able-bodied crew

18-2.12.2 Alternating wend devices shall comply witll the following:

(a) Handrails shall be provided on both sides of alterna~..-.:.:. ~':'~::,!!:".::i':-~ tread devices in accordance with 5-2.2,4.5. .. ,:..¢~i:,,:..

(b) The clear width between haxldrails shall be )a ~ , l l t T l ~::....:,~i cm (17.7 in.) and shall not exceed 60 cm (23.6 in. f~."::,,

eadroom silall dOt he less 2 m " . : : f 4 - . ' : : : : : : - - -

(d) The angle of die device shall be b e ~ $ n 50 and 6~.~egr~:".~ to horizontal. ~!~

.....

(e) The height of die riser shall not exceed c~ (9 .).

t r e a d j ~ of 15 cm (f) Treads shall have a min imum projected ~':::':"':'!"pdl (5.9 in.), measured in accordance with 5-2.2, widl':~ach tread providing 25 cm (9.8 in.) of dep th including tread overlap.

(g) A min imum distance of 15 cm (5.9 in.) shall be provided between die stair handrail and any other object.

(h) Tile initial tread of die stair shall begin at die sa/ne elevation as the platform, landing, or deck surface.

(i) The alternating treads shall no t be laterally separated by more dlan 5 cm (2 in.).

(j) The occupant lo :d served shall no t be more than dlree.

18-3 Protection.

18-3.1 Protection of Vertical Openings. Any vertical open ing sllall be enclosed in accordance with 6-2.4.

18-3.2 Passageways. Passageways shall be constructed in accordance wid~ 5-1.35.

18-3.3 Exterior boundaries of superstructures and deckhouses enclosing accommodat ion and including auy overhanging decks fllat suppor t such accommodat ion shall be insulated to A-60 for die whole of tile portions which face die cargo area and on d~e outward sides for a distance of 3 m (9.8 ft) f rom the end boundary facing die cargo area. In d~e case of die sides of daose

superstructures and deckhouses, such insulation shall be carried as high as is deemed necessary by the audlority having jurisdiction.

18-4 Accommodat ion Spaces. Accommodat ion spaces shall be in accordance widl Chapter 8 and dais section.

18-4.1" Isolation from Cargo Tanks. On all tank vessels, all accommodat ion spaces shall normally be posi t ioned aft of all cargo tanks, slop tanks, and spaces wlfich isolate cargo or slop tanks from machinery spaces.

18-4.1.2 Accommodat ion spaces shall not be situated above cargo spaces.

Exception: RO/RO vessels and open-deck cargo spaces.

18-4.2" Isolation from Deck Spills. On tank vessels, a means shall be provided to keep deck spills away from rite accommodat ion and service areas.

18-4.$ Openings. In tank vessels, access doors, air inlets, and openings to accommodat ion spaces shall no t face the cargo area. They shall be located on die transverse bulkhead no t facing tile cargo area or on die outboard side of die superstructure or deckhouse at a distance of at least 4 percent of die length of die ship but not less daan $ m (9.8 ft) f rom die end of fine superstructure or simll not be requ.: i

18-4.4 W i n d ~ i die cargo ~ d e c k h m ~ d t i l

on fl.,/~.~" maifi~~tl e ck e .%:~let~-i:materi • ~:::.. -:::.:~,.%..:::, .,.':.~:.:~::..

cldlonse facing die cargo area. This distance ~':..~ exceed 5 m (16.4 It).

t Sidescuttles. Windows and sidescuttles facing the sides of die superstructures and

~i~imits specified above shall be of die fixed, ; i~: .~.Bdows and sidescuttles in file first tier a l l ' ~ t t e d with inside covers of steel or odler

Medical spaces shall be in accordance with

Service spaces shall be in accordance widl

~i~':"18-7 ..]~l'- ectrical and Control Spaces. Electrical and control spaces ~i.shaU he in accordance widi Calapter 11. :::,:x .~::.

:ji-'];~-8 Engineering and Machinery Spaces. Engineering and machinery spaces shall be in accordance with Chapter 12.

18-9 Storage Spaces. Storage spaces shall be in accordance with Chapter 13.

E~cception: Automatic actuation slutll not be permitted for carbon dioxide extinguishing systems protecting manned higlvtisk storage spaces,

18-10 Cargo Spaces and Fuel Tanks. Cargo spaces and fuel tanks shall be in accordance witlT Chapter 14 and dfis section.

18-10.1 Requirements for Tank Vessels.

18-10.1.1 Inert Gas System. Tankers carrying crude oil, oil odler allan crnde, or any products wifli a flash point less daan 60°C (140°F) shall be fitted with an inert gas system.

18-10.1.2" Vessels carrying crude oil and o ther pet roleum products wifli a flash point less than 60°C (140°F) shall be fitted with a deck foam system in accordance widl 7-2. Vessels carrying chemical cargoes having a flash point less tlaan 60°C (146°F) shall be provided wifll a deck foam system in accordance with 7-2. The type of foam required for chemical cargoes and the application rates shall be as provided in the IBC Code.

18-10.2 Requirements for Cargo Vessels,

18-10.2.1 General. A fire protection system meeting tile requirements of Section 7-2 shall be installed in all cargo spaces.

Ex tion No 1" Ca o aces ~, . . . rg. ~p . intended sole 0 for the carriage of ore, coa~, gram, unseasoned t~mber, or any cargo in Emergevwy Schedules (EroS) B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, BT, B9, BIO, B12, or B14 as defined in the IMO, International Maritime Dangero~ Goods Code.

Exception No. 2: Spaces intended solel3 for the carriage of liquids or gases.

147


18-10.2.2 Protect ion of Vehicle Spaces. Vehicle spaces shall be

~ rotected wida a fire-protection system meedng Section 7-2. ortable foam equipment or foam hydrzmts meet ing the

requirements of 7-2.8 shall be available on each vehicle deck.

Exception: Vehicle spaces which wouM meet the criteria for open decks.

18-11 Open Decks. Open decks shall be in accordance with Chapter 15.

18-12 Helicopter Decks. Helicopter decks shall be in accordance wifla Chapter 16.


18-13.1 Fire Detection and Alarm. A fire detection and ,alarm system complying wida Section 7-1 shall be installed in all accommodat ion spaces, cargo holds, service spaces, mad means of egress.

18-13.2 Fire Protection Systems and Equipment.

18-13.2.1 Sprinkler Systems. Where required, sprinkler systems shall comply with 7-2.2.

18-13.2.2.4 Fire Main and H),drants. A fire main and hydrants complying wifla 7-3.2.3 and Table 18-13.2.3 shall be installed.

18-13.2.2.5 Fire Hose. Fire hose meet ing %2.3.3 and Table 18-13.2.2 shall be provided.

18-13.2.3 Portable Fire Extinguishers. All fire extinguishers shall be as specified in %2.14 and provided in accordance with classification society rules.

18-13.2.4 Spare Charges. Charges for 100 percent of all extinguishers that are capable of on-board recharging shall be provided.

Exception No. 1: Where the extinguishers cannot be recharged aboard the vessel, I0 percent additional extinguishers shall be maintained.

Exception No. 2: For periodically unattended engine rooms, the number of duplicate extinguishers required shall be equal to the number of extinguishers on the most remote engine room level.

18-13.2.5 Portable Foam Applicators. A portable foam applicator unit shall consist of an air-foam nozzle of an inductor-type capable of being connected to the fire main by a fire hose, togedaer vath a portable tank containing at least 20 L (5.3 gal)of foam-making

18-13.2.2 Fire Pumps, Fire Mains, Hydrants, and Hose. liquid and one spare tank. The nozzle shall be capable of producing effectwe f o a m suitable for extinguishing an oil fire at the

18-13.2.2.1 General. Fire-main hydi'ants complying with Section rate of at least 1 . 5 . ~ m i n (396 gpm). There shall be at least 2 of 7-2 and Table 18-13.2.2 shall be provided, these units in e~:[~ f ~ space in each boiler room and in any

space in w h i ~ z ' t of file oil fuel installation is situated. Table 18-13.2.2 ..!::.:"-ii:' "::/!i~iii~.:.~::. .

Vessel Length [ Hydrant, Hose, I t lydrant , Hose, 18-13.3 , ~ i : . . ~ g h t f ~ i ~ l o t h i n g and Eqmpment . I and Nozzle Size [ and Nozzle Size /:~:~:i:~'.:i~::..'::~. ":.:~i~ii::..-:.i:: i Imml (in ~ I fmm~ fin ~ 18 -1~ :1 T~;b sets of fi'~'~@hter protective clothing meet ing 7-3.1

~m~ I (ft~ I " Exterior "" I " Interior '~ sl:t~|t"be lJ~.~vided. Two::.~i'izl'~'ditional sets o f fire-fighter protective 0- '20" [ 0-65".6" I 1 B-V I 1 B-V ¢ i ~ . . g . . s~]~i~be provided for each 1 0 0 m (328 ft) ofvessel length.

I I Extinguisher I Extin~3fisher , , , ,?:!~i!~2i~ , " , . . . . . . . . . . O f f ¢ l t l I t ' ~ " 9 , - ~ , . I . ~ . • v I ~ ~ ~ ~ 1/9-13.3"~',~:'-'.::::~ corresooncung number ot selt-contmnect nreaualng ~ . ~ - - t , ~ O . , O - - O ~ ) q ~ O i r a m 1 . 9 q w m m 1 . -~ ".:::::::::.:, . - I "3 " , ", I , I , " I [ , , ¢.-':: ...... app,aratus::~7-~g3Jtag ~-3.2 shall be pro~nded for each fire-fighter 80 130 21524 4~fifi 65ram 2~ 4 0 m m l,~ , . 5 ] . . . . ", - " "" I 115 ] " 5 I I 5 "~ii~i~i~::~i~::~gotective "~i~['ting set as required by 18-13.3.1. 1 :~o + I qzo.,~ + i ". mm I z., [ 65 mm I 2- ":i!!:"':::~:~i~.-':'i~ii~.~i~i~::--::.: i f '

~:~ii: l - ~ ] ~ - ~ e n t i l a t i o n Systems. Ventilation systems shall comply wid~ Ex tion. Where 65 mm (2 5 in ) hose is required two 40 mm(&{: ram) "i~:-~ii~ectic~::'~7.4 c e p . . . . . , ~.:+:.:.~-=::::.:-. ,::.:::.. ,~. .

hose connected to a w~e_ fi~tttng shall be permitted. ::..:::.::":"'::::::::::..:....::::::: "~::-:::::. .:::'~.'.::~ "% "ii!!:.1i~t3.5 Elevators, Escalators, and Dumbwaiters. Where installed,

18-13.2.2.2 Placement. Hydrants shall be located so . :~ .ach . .~$: : : , . . . :~..,: :::":..-~levators, escalators, and dumbwaiters shall comply wida Section of dae ship that is accessible by the crew can be react~ied:~.~,.:$~l~-~i::-~:'!::::....-'i-i • "%7. 23-m (75-ft) length of hose . . . . . . ::~.:.:::, "~':::':~:J'~:~::~

18-13.2.2.3 Fire Pumps. ..::!f::: ......... :"~:.~i-i:?.:, "::~#~: Chapter 19 Passenger Vessels

18-13.2.2.3.1 Capacity of Fire Pumps. F . ~ i ~ the r e q t ~ l fi~:~ 19-1 General Requirements . pmnps lodger than any emergency pump) sfi:~i~tave a c a~c i t y not less than 80 percent of the total required capac"r'~i~videcI~y the 19-1.1 Application. This chapter shall apply to all vessels that carry minimrt.~mnumber of required fire pumps but, i r i ' : :~ i~ge , not less more than'six passengers. Portions of vessels that are primarily than 2:~ m / h r (110 gpm); and each such pump s h ~ q n any event, in tended for anofl~er service that also carry passengers (i.e., a cargo be capable of delivering at least two required jets o~'water 50 psi vessel wida passenger accommodat ions for more than six people) ($44.75 kPa) at the hydraulically most remote point. These fire shall comply with dais chapter. pumps shall be capable of supplying the fire-main system under dae required conditions. Where more pumps than the minimum of required pumps are installed, the capacity of the additional pumps shall he to the satisfaction of the authority having jurisdiction.

18-13.2.2.3.2 Number of Fire Pumps. Ships shall be provided wifll at least two independendy driven fire pumps. 18-13.2.2.3.3 Multiple-Use Pumps. Sanitary, ballast, bilge, or general service pumps may be accepted as fire pumps, provided flint they are not used for pumping oil.

19-1.1.1 Group I, I1, and III Passenger Vessels. Group I, II, and Ill passenger vessels shall comply wifll Sections 19-1 through 19-15

19-1.1.2 Group I l ia and IV Passenger Vessels. Group Ilia and IV passenger vessels shall comply widl Sections 19-1, 19-15 and 19-14 of this section. Group IV passenger vessels shall also comply wida Section 19-15 of dais section.

19-1.2 Definit ions.

18-13.2.2.3.4 Arrangement of Fire Pumps. Fire pumps shall be located such d~at in dae event of a fire in any one compar tment all dae fire pumps will not be put out of action.

Exception: This shall be permitted to be accomplished by. a fixed independently driven emergency pump that shall be capable of supplying two jas of wawr at not less than 40 percent of the total cz~paci 0 of the required pumps and supplying the minimum required pressure of the fire pumps required for the vessel.

18-13.2.2.3.5 Isolation Valves. Isolation valves shall be fitted in the fire main at poop front in a protected position and on die tank deck at in te r~ ls of no t more than 40 m (131.2 ft) to preserve the integrity of the fire main system in case of fire or explosion.

High Speed Vessels. A craft capable of a maximum speed, in meters per second (knots) equal to or exceeding die following:

(a) m / s >_ 3.7 x displacement ('1667) (knots > 7.4 x displacement(

(b) displacement in m ~ or long tons.

Passenger. An individual carried on a vessel who is not one of flae following: (a) an owner, a representative of dae owner, a charterer, or a representative of a charterer; (h) die vessel's master; or, (c) a m e m b e r of dae vessel's crew who is paid for on board services.

Overnight Accommodat ions. Accommodat ion space for use by passengers that has one or more berths, including beds or bunks, for passengers.

148

N F P A 301 - - A 9 8 R O C ( R e p r i n t e d f r o m F 9 7 R O P )

19-1.3 Subclassiflcatinn of Passenger Vessels.

Category Number of Day Overnight Passengers

1I > 1000- 3000 150- 300 Ill > 150" l(k}O >50--150 l l la >150 <450 ~50 IV <150 ~50

19-1.3.1 Group I Passenger Veasels. Group I passenger vessels are those vessels that operate with more than 3000 day-passengers or carrying more than 300 overnight-passengers.

19-1.$. 2 Group II Passenger Vessels. Group II passenger vessels are those vessels that operate with more than 1000 day-passengers or carrying more than 150 overnight-passengers.

19-1.8.8 Group I l l Passenger Vessels. Group III passenger vessels are thnse vessels that operate with more than 150 day-passengers or carrying more than 50 overnight-passengers.

19-1.$.4" Group Illa Passenger Vessels. Group Ilia passenger vessels are those high-speed vessels th~it operate with no more than 450 day-passengers or carrying no more than 50 overnight- passengers no further than 4 hours from a harbor of safe refuge.

19-1.3.5 GrouplV Passenger Vessels. Group D/passenger vessels are those vessels that operate with no more than 150 day-pa~engers or carrying no more than 50 0vernight-passengem

19-1.4 Occupant Load. Occupant load shall be in accordance with Chapters 8 through 16.

19-2 Means of Egress. Means of egress shall comply with Chapter 5 and this section.

19-2.1 Construction Limitations. Where the boundary of an egre~ component is adjacent to weather deck or vessel side shell, only C shall be required.

19-2.2 Changes in Level of Means of Egress. T h e e l e v a t i o ~ e deck surfaces on both sides of a door shall not vary by qi~Ore 50 nun (2 in.). The elevation shall be maintained onJjji~th sidelIJ~bf the door opening for a distance at least equal to the.~ widest leaf. Sills at door openings slmII not exceed 15 in height. ~

Exception No. I: Doors required to have si ~. flooding or load-line requirements.

Exception No. 2: For dec& that Imve sheer net#f~.oer, "mum elevation changes shall be 75 r a m (3.0 in.). ~ # ~

Y 19-2.3 Doors. Doors shall comply with 5-2.1

19-2.3.1 Revolving Doors.

19-2.$.1.1 All revolving doors shall comply with the following:

(a) Revolving doors shall be capable of being collapsed into a book-fold position.

(b) When in the book-fold position, the parallel egress paths formed shall provide an aggregate width of 90 cm (35.4 in.).

(c) Revolving doors shall not be used within 3 m (9.8 ft) of the foot of or top of stairs or escalators. Under all conditions, there shall be a dispersal area acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction between the stairs or escalators and the revolving door.

(d) The revolutions per minute (rpm) of revolving doors shall not exceed the following:

Power Driven-Type i Manual-Type Speed Control - Speed Control

Inside Diameter trpm) (rpm) 2.0 m ~6.6 ft) l l 12 2.1 m 16.9 ft/ 10 11 2.3 m (7.5 ft 9 II 2.4 m (7.9 ft~ 9 l0 ~.6 m (8.5 ft) 8 9 2.7 m (8.9 ft) 8 9

(e) Each revolving door shah have a conforming side-hlnged swinging door in the same wall as the revolving door and within 3 m (9.8 ft) of the revolving door.

19-2.3.1.2 Revolving doors shall be permitted as a component in a means of egress under the following conditions:

(a) Revolving doors shall not be given credit for more than 50 percent of the required egress capacity.

(b) Each revolving door shall be credited with no more than 50 persons capacity.

Exception to (b): Ra, olving doors with a mluiraum 2.5 ra (8.2 d ) diameter shall be permitted egress capacit$ baud on the clear opening wldth

(c) Revolvin~ doors shall be capable of being collapsed into a book-fold posiuon when a force that sl~dl not be required to exceed 57!~N (130.9 lbf) is applied to wings within 7.5 cm (3 in.) of the outer edge.

19-2.$.2 Doors in Folding Partitions. Where permanently mounted folding or movabl~ge3sd'tions are used to divide a room into smaller spaces, ~ g door or open doorway shall be

the

space is provided with at least two means criteria of 5-5.1.3, the swinging door in r r ~ ana one such means of ~ n ~ ! with a horizontal sliding door wrapyng

1 9 - 2 . 4 ~ - S t a i r s shaH comply with 5-2.2.

1~19-2.4.1 ~ Stairs. Curved stairs shall be permitted as a ~ l ~ f l . ~ p . o n e n ~ a means of egress provided the minimum depth of

" ~ ~ m (9.8 in.) at a point 30 cm (11.8 in.) from the ~#~trr. o ' t ~ e n d of the tread, and the smallest radius is not less than

]~192.4.2 Spiral Stairs. Spiral stairs shall be permitted as a

~ omponen-t in a means of egress as provided by 5-2.2.3.7.

19-2.5 Ramps. Every ramp used as a component in a means of egress shall comply with 5-2.5.

19-2.6 Number of Exits.

19-2.6.1 A minimum of two exits, remotely located in accordance with 5-5.1.4, slmll be accessible from all spaces.

19-2.6.2" Access to at least one of the required exits from areas normally accessible to passengers and crew accommodation spaces shall be independent of water-tight doors.

19-2.6.3 Dead-end corridors not exceeding 7 m (20 ft) in length shall be permitted.

Exception.. Dead-end corridors shall not be permitted on Group I passenger vessels.

19-2.6.4 Common path of travel s|~dl not exceed 25 meters.

19-2.7 Horizontal Exits.

19-2.7.1 Application. Horizontal exits shah be permitted as provided by5-2.4 and this section.

19-2.7.2 Horizontal exits need only be G' if the separation is between low-risk accommodation spaces.

19-2.8 Travel Distance to Exits. Travel distance to exits shall not exceed 50 m (164 ft).

19-2.9 Areas of Refuge. Areas of refuge shah meet the requirements of 5-2.I0 and this section.

19-2.9.1 At least two areas of refuge tlmt meet the requirements of 5-2.11 shall be provided, each with enough net area to provide .$ m/sq[ (3.2 ft/sq) for each person to be accommodated on the vessel.

149

N F P A 301 - - A98 R O C (Reprinted f r o m F97 ROP)

19-2.9.2 A-60 boundaries and smokeproof enclosures shall not be required when the space is bounded by voids, iow-dsk spaces, weather or when adjacent spaces are protected by an approved, fixed fire-extinguishing system. Only such fire barrier division shall be required as is specified by Table 8-1.5.

19-2.10 General Requirements for Aisles and Aisle Accessways.

19-2.10.1 The width of aisle accessways and aisles shall provide sufficient egress capacity for the number of persons accommodated by the catchment area served by the aisle accessway or aisle in accordance with 8-2.3.1. Where aisle accessways or ,aisles converge to form a single path of egress travel, tim required egress capacity of that path shal lnot be less than the combined required capacity of the converging aisle accessways and aisles.

19-2.10.2 Ti~ose portions of aisle accessways and aisles where egress is possible m either direction shall be uniform in required width.

19-2.10.3 Where non_fixed seating is located between a table and an aisle accessway or aisle, tile measurement of required clear widdl of tl~e aisle accessway or aisle shall be made to a line 50 on (19.7 in.) away from the edge of the table. The 50 cm distance shall be measured perpendicular to the edge of the table.

19-2.10.4 The minimum required clear width of an aisle accessway within areas with fixed table locations shall be ~0 cm (11.8 in.). The path of travel from any seat shall not exceed 10 m (32.8 ft) to file closest aisle or exit.

19-2.10.5" Aisle accessways between rows of theater-t)tpe seating shall have a dear width of not less titan 30 cm (11.8 m.) and a maximum travel distance to an aisle or an exit of no more than 10 m (32.8 ft).

19-2.10.6 The minimum clear widtil of aisles shall be stffficient to provide egress capacity in accordance with 8-2.3.1 but shall be not less than 50 cm (19.7 in.).

19-2.10.7 Aisle Stairs and Ramps.

19-2.10.7.1 Aisles having a gradient steeper than 1 in 20,..~. $ ~f~...{! steeper tllan 1 in 8, shall consist of a ramp. Aisles havi~" ~.~

. . . . . ~o gradient steeper than 1 m 8 shall consist of an msle ~ i~#" " ~

19-2.10.7.2 Aisle stairs shall conform to the follo~.o~. ~'~:.~

(a) Ti, ere shall be no variation excee n , depth of adjacent treads. ~...~.Ai~!. ~ - - "%2~.~..~!. -

(b, reads shai, be amin mum 28 cm

(c) Riser heights shall be a minimnm 10 cm (g::.~.~"an.d a maximum of 22 cm (8.7 in.) and shall be uniform ~'-¢gvidtin 0.5 cm (0.2 in.) between adjacent risers.

19-2.10.8 Aisle Handrails. Ramped aisles having a gradient exceeding 1 in 12 and aisle stairs shall be provided with handrails at one side or along the centerline.

19-2.11 Discharge from Exits. Exit discharge shall comply with Section 5-7.

19-2.12 Illumination of Means of Eb~ress. Means of egress shall be illuminated in accordance with Sectaon 5-8.

19-2.13 Emergency Lighting. Emergency lighting shall be provided in accordance with Section 5-9.

19-2.14 Marking of Means of Egress. Means of egress shall have signs in accordance wld~ Section 5-10.

19-3 Protection.

19-3.1 Protection of Vertical Openings. Any vertical opening shall be enclosed or protected in accordance with 6-2.4.

19-3.1.1 Galleries. Galleries complying widl the following shall be permitted:

(a) The entire deck area of the communicating space is op.en and unobstructed such that a fire in any part of dae space vail be

readily obvious to the occupants of the space prior to the time it becomes a hazard to tllem.

(b) Each level of the space containing the gallery shall have two independent means of egress.

(c) The communicating space shall be protected throughout by an approved, automatic sprinkler system in accordance witil 7-2.2.

(d) Egress capacity is sufficient to provide for all the occupants of all levels within the communicating space to simultaneously egress the communicating space by considering it as single deck area in determining tim required egress capacity.

(e) No horizontal dimension between opposite edges of the deck opening shall be less than 6 m (20 ft), andopen ing shall have a minimum 100 m ~ (1000 fC) unobstructed area.

Exception to (e)*: Smaller openings are acceptable, if proteaed b 3 the metlwds detailed in NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Syston~.

19-3.1.2 Atriums. An atrium shall be permitted, provided the following conditions are met:

(a) No horizontal dimension between opposite edges of an)' deck opening shall be less than 6 m (20 it), a n d t h e unobstructed opening shall be # ~ i m u m of 100 m ~ (1000 f t ' ) .

Exception to r ~ : ~ r i . . ~ ana ep=es ~ a~ la~es~ dea ho~ a gross

oOening ~"~':~ot ~ l . . h a n 20 percent of the gross area of the largest

tha~,~ p ¢ ~ i "of the be~5.,~f the vessel or 6 ra (20 fl), whichever is

(b)' Exits with

be required at eadl level of the atrium. Iv' enclosed from the atrium in accordance

w ramps shall be permitted to be unenclosed within

The occupancy(ies) of the space shall meet the cations for classification as low or medium risk. ( See

(e) Tile entire atrium and spaces opening directly into the atrium shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 7-2.

Exception to (e): Where the ceiling of the atrium is more than 17 ra (55 t ) above the lowest deck, the authori 0 having jurisdiction shall be permitted to allow the omission of sprinklers at the top of the atrium.

(t') Tim entire atrium and spaces opening directly into the atrium shall be protected throughout by an approved smoke-detection system in accordance with Section %1.

Exception to (J)- On vessels with no overnight accommodations, smoke detectors may be omitter

(g) An engineered smoke-control system complying with 74.15 shall be provided.

(11) ff a mechanical system is installed to meet tlae requirements of (g) above, tlae mechanical system shall be independendy activated by each of the following:

1. Approved smoke detectors located to detect smoke above the highest floor deck level of the atrium and at return air intakes from the atrium

2. The required automatic sprinkler system

3. Manual controls that are readily accessible to the fire-party personnel

19-3.2 Mezzanines.

19-3.2.1 Where utilized, mezzanines shall be in accordance with 6-2.5.

19-3.2.2 Stairs or ramps shall be permitted to be unenclosed between balconies or mezzanines and the main accommodation

150


areas located below the balcony or mezzanine, provided tile balcony or mezzanine is open to the main accommodat ion area.

19-3.3 Vessel Construction.

19-3.3.1 The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses shall be constructed o f noncombust ib le material.

19-3.3.2 Main-load carrying structures of a luminum construction shall be ar ranged to distribnte load such that there shall be no collapse of fine construction of the hull and superstructure when it is exposed to fire for dm appropriate fire protection time. Insolation shall be provided such that file temperature of file core of file maindoad carrying structure does not rise more titan 200°C (392°F) above flae ambient temperature (wilen subjected to dae standard fire test) in accordance widl die times specified in file separation requirements of Chapters 8 d l rough 16. A Class equals 60 minutes, B Class equals 30 minutes, and C Class equals 0 minutes.

19~g.3.3 Tile hull, superstrncture, ,arid deck houses shall be subdivided by fire barriers as prescribed by Chapters 8 through 16 and 6-2.3.

1 9 - 4 A c c o m m o d a t i o n S p a c e s .

Exception No. 2: Vehicle spaces that are accessible to passengers shall not be protected with a carbon dioxide extinguishing system.

19-10.3 On Group III passenger vessels separation of fuel tanks from open decks shall be permit ted to be reduced to C' Class.

19-11 Open Decks. Open decks shall be in accordance wida Chapter 15.

19-12 Hel icopter Decks. Helicopter decks shall be in accordance with Chapter 16.


19-13.1 Fire Detection and Alarm. A fire detect ion and alarm system complying with Section 7-1 shall be installed to protect all accommockations and service spaces and all means of egress.

Exception: On vessels with no overnight accommodations, accommodations spaces that may be assumed to be noemalO occupied need only to be served by a manual alarm system.

19-13.2 Fire Protection Systems and E q u i p m e n t .

19-13.2.1 Sprinkler Systems. Where installed, sprinkler systems 19-4.1 Furniture and Furnishings. shall comply with 7=2.2.

19-4.1.1 Furniture installed in medium- ,and Io~risk 19-13.2.1.1 On:.~.~i'otqS:::t - passenger vessels, an automatic sprinkler accommodat ion spaces shall meet UL 1056 Fire Test of Upholstered system c o m p [ ~ i . . ~ t h 7-2.2 or a water-mist system complying with Furniture. 7-2.4 shall , ~ ms ~" ~ . L ~ . to protect all accommodat ion spaces, and

an a u t o m a ~ : s p r i n ~ i : . ~ s t e m complying with 7-2.2 shall be Exception: Case furniture constructed entirely of neneombustible install~;~i~::~i~tect a ~ ¢ ~ ' . g e spaces. materials, with a maximum 3mm (0.12 in.) thickness combustible veneer, ~:.~::."*" ~.x:- "-~'..-~ may be incorporated with coverings that meet the requirements of 6-3.3. 1~.2.1:'.~-:: On Group .U":~md III passenger vessels, overnight

~ o ~ 9 n spaces shall be spdnkle red in accordance widl 7- 19-4.1.2 Furniture installed in high-risk accommodat ion spaces 2.2 ~ii~i~i~c'i~:&d wifll a water-mist system in accordance with 7-2.4. shall no t be restricted. "~"-i~i~i~i~:~.

• "::'::::: ..... Exception%~c...d.Pam- or low-risk overnight accommodation spaces on • • "~:~ :~ :~ :~x- . . ":;:::::::::::~

19-4.1.3 Mattress and bedding com p onents sball com ply wld~ 16 :..-.:<,,::::.-::...,Grou,:..: ~::::: .......... p 11I [~i,L~;¢enger vessels. CFR 1632, Standard for the Flammabilit~ of Mattresses and Mattress "~.~;.. "<'4;~i:5:~i'i'-5:~'..~: ...... ~:" Pads, and contains no polyurefllane foam. % . . ~ g l ~ i ~ F i r e Pumps, Fire Mains, Hydrants, and Hose.

. . . . . ~::::::~-'.-::.~:'!~ ~:.'. ' . , • , • Exce#aon: Bed&ng meeting UL 1895, Fire Test of Mattresse.s.~:: ~ ":':S~:~:.~ :~:i, 19-13.2.2.1 Fire Pumps. Power driven fire pumps compl~ng w~fla

- - .:~" "!ff ~ . ~ 3 and Table 19-13.2.2.1 shall be installed-. - - • • • ~:~:Y::.:?-x 2:. ¢ . . . . . .~ ~$~" 19-4.2 Interior Finish. ,...,..,.:.:...:.:.:, .,...:.:.:.:.:~::.:,. .~: .:,x-::

• ,':~:':.~::.:::S:" "-.-:~i!~!~:!~#~ Table 19-13.2.2.1 1 9 - 4 . 2 . 1 Intermrfimshw~dlamaxamumflames~..r.....g..,.3.dofT-~f-"..'~a "'<" v o ~ I T v n a M l a a a f l T ; m M ' . f ~ . . . . ; ~

maximum smoke-developed raung of 450 shali:~':ta.~tted~t~!::.::: . .x ~r lh , - - - s ~ , -_ r -~ sprmklered accommocLauon areas. ..::::?" ~'~'.~?... ":!~ii.::.,S:" ~ ~ P ~

- - .::~:~:" ":$~::::~x &¢¢" • o o ~ r a

• ~ ' ~ . . . . ~.~i.::.'~: -¢':" !I 2 6 0 0 19.4.2.2 The total area of combusuble fA'ce=:~, m o l d m ~ and III 9 400 decorations including veneers shall no t exc~i : -~0 perce~t of file , . . = , ~

' - ' • • " ' :" : ' : ' : ' . ~':-" I i I a Y ~ t A ) total bulkhead and overhead area m dilly sprmI/,tgg~.d .:.~-y IV 1 200 accommoda t ion spaces. "::~!!~!!!!!:":" ":':~:" tro G "%ii!!::" Excep " n No. 1: On ,roup IV passenger vessels that are loss titan 20 m

(65 6 t) m l e n h or that are vehwle errws the re tared ca act shall 19-5 Medical, t teal th Care, and Child Care Soace~ VMedical . fi ' gt " fl " , q " . p "ty " " be ermitted to be reduced to 40 l healda care, and child care occupancies shall be in accordance P pra.

with Chapter 0.

19-6 Service Spaces. Service ,areas sh,MI be in accordance wifll Chapter 10.

19-7 Electrical and Control Spaces. Electrical and control spaces shall be in accordance widl Chapter 11.

1 9 - 8 Engineering and Machinery Spaces• Engineering and machinery spaces shall be in accorckmce with Chapter 12.

19-9 Storage Spaces. Storage spaces shall be in accorcLance with Chapter 13.

19-10 Cargo Spaces and Fuel Tanks. C~trgo spaces and filel tanks shall comply widl Chapter 14 and fltis section.

19-10.1 C~argo spaces, o ther than vehicle spaces, shall be protected in accordance with Section 18-10.

19-10.2 Vehicle spaces shall be protected widl a fire protect ion system meet ing Section 7-2. Portable foam equipment or foam hydrants meet ing the reqoirements of 7-2.8 shall be available on each vehicle deck.

Exception No. 1: Vehicle spaces which would meet the criteria for open decks.

Exception No. 2: On Croup III passenger vessels the fire pump shall not be required to be located in separate spacy~ or be provided with a separate sourc~ of power.

Exception No. 3: On Group II passenger vessels the fire pump shall not be required to be located in separate spaces i f the space containing the pump is protected with a fire protection system in accordance with Section 7-2.

1 9 - 1 3 . 2 . 2 . 2 F i r e M a i n a n d H y d r a n t s .

19-13.2.2.2.1 On all passenger vessels, 40 mm (1.5 in.) fire main and hydrants shall be installed.

19-13.2.2.2.2 Hydrants shall be provided such that any part o f file vessel, except void spaces, can be reached using a single 23 m (75 ft) length of fire hose.

19-13.2.2.2.3 All vessels shall be equipped with a shoreside connect ion .

19-13.2.2.3 Fire Hose. Fire hose meet ing 7-2.3.3 and Table 19-13.2.2.2 shall be provided.

19-13.2.3 Portable F'we Extinguishers. Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in accordance with 7-2.12 and dlis section.

151

NFPA 301 I A98 ROC (Reprinted from F97 ROP)

19-13.2.3.1 Group I Passenger Vessels. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance wid~ Section 4 /9 of d~e American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) steel vessel rules.

19-13.2.3.2 Group II Passenger Vessels. Port.able fire extinguishers shaU be provided in accordance with Table 19-13.2.3.

19-13.2.3.3 Group III Passenger Vessels. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with Table 19-13•2•3.

19-13.2.3.4 Group lIla Passenger Vessels. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance wida Table 19-13.2.3.

19-13.2.3.5 Group IV Passenger Vessels. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance wid~ Table 19-13.2.3.

Table 19-13.2.3 Space

Control space Engineering and

machinery spaces Cargo spaces used for

vehicles Accommodat ions

Service Spaces

No. Required I for each space

1 for each space

1 for every 10 vehicles 1 for each 250 square meters 1 for each space

19-13.3 Fire-Fighting Clothing and Equipment.

19-13.3.1 Requirements for Group I and II Passenger Vessels.

19-13.3.1.1 A minimum of two sets of fire-fighter protective clodfing meeting 7-3.1 shall be provided. Three additional sets of fire-fighters' protective clodfing meeting 7-3.1 shall be provided for each 40 m (131.2 ft) of vessel lengd~. The required fire-fighters' protective clodfing shall be stowed in widely separated compartments.

19-13.3.1.2 A minimum of two sets of self-contained breadfing apparatus meeting 7-3.2 shall be provided. Three additional sets of self-contained breathing apparatus meeting 7-3.2 shall b e ~ d for each 40 m (131.2 ft) o f vessel lengd~. Tile required ~ contained breaflfing apparatus shall be stowed in wld~.separa~:d c o m p a r nn e n ts. --:'<: ~:~.'.":~:~::- ..'::::'--':':-:':,-

19-13.3.1.3 On Group I passenger vessels, a self.z..c..o.otaine~ :~" breaflfing apparatus recharging station meeti~.'-"~3"~:~..laJ! I ~;:..~.~ provaded. ,#. ".~..-?. ?.

....~,:.::'~:, ":::'i:'~.':'~:: 19-13.3.2 ~ u ~ m e n t s for Gro.p m, ~ii:~i~ iv Va~g~r Vessels Without Overnight Accommodations.:i~ii~e-figbti~ clot t ing and equipment shall not be required.%~i:':-~., ..:.-ii~ .... 19-13.4 Ventilation Systems. Ventilation systems":~l[f~:"/:omply wid~ Section 7-4. ~::"

19-13.5 Elevators, Escalators, and Dumbwaiters. Where installed, elevators, escalators, and dumbwaiters shall comply wid~ Section 7-5.

19-14 Group IIIa and IV Passenger Vessels.

19-14.1 Occupant Load. Occupant load shall be determined in accordance wida 8-1.6.1.

19-14.2 Materials of Construction. When fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) is used, fl~e requirements of this section apply• The ASTM E-84, Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristica of Building Materials, flame-spread rating shall not exceed 25.

Exception: The ASTM E-84 flame-spread rating may not exc*ed 100 for Group IV vessels.

19-14.3 Machinery Spaces. All machinery spaces shall be separated from accommodations, and electrical and control spaces by bulkheads ,and decks of minimum A-30 integrity in Group HIa vessels and B-0 integrity in Group IV vessels•

19-14.4 Overnight Accommodations. The vessel shall not have overnight accommodations•

Exception: Overnight accommodations ma~ be permitted in Group llIa vessels with combu.~tible barriers as prescribed in 6-2.3 provided -the barriers meet the performance criteria of the protection required.

19-14.5 Protection of Accommodat ion Spaces. Accommodation spaces in Group IIIa vessels shall be fully sprinklered in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems•

19-14o6" Means of Egress.

Exception: Group IIIa vessels are required to have two areas of safe refuge, at least one protected area of safe refuge and one area of safe refuge open to the weather, suitably protected from other spaces.

19-15 Group IV Passenger Vessels.

1 9-15.1 General Requirements.

19-15.1.1 Chapters 5 dlrough 16 shall not apply to Group IV passenger vessels, except as specified in this section.

19-15.1.2 Occupant load shall be determined in accordance wifl~ 8-1.6.1.

19-15.2" Means o f Egress.

19-15.2.1 Doors . Doors shall be a min imum 860 mm (34 in.) in widdl. Doors shall meet file swing and force to open requirements of 5-2.1.4.

Exception.. Doo~.~es~it~e only to crew shall be permitted to be reduced to a rainlrnum,,~]?~ ram (28 in.) in width.

,,~#'" ~ : 19-15.~ .~ . .~ ~ .~ l~al i meet d~e ~nimum ~Umensional

~ . 2 . 1 . "~i SL]

criteri; ~z.-~ ~...,<~

1 ~i~"i'2.$%~adders. W I ~ permitted as a component in a means of e ~ a [email protected] shall cumply wifl~ file dimensional criteria of 5-2.8.

19-151"2~iii'"" ~Oeck ~Scutfles. Deck scuttles shall be permitted as a means ,,,o ~ . - ' p r o v i d e d flley are a minimum 450 mm (18 in.) in

-~,.dth or ~ e r and are fitted with a quick-acting release and a

i~:9-15~g Capacity of Means of Egress. Egress capacity shall be in

~]i~15.2.6 Number of Exits.

19-15.2.6.1 A minimum of two exits, remotely located in accordance with 5-5.1.4, silall be accessible from all spaces•

Exception: A single means of egress shall be acceptable frorn a s#ace less than 30 m 2 (323fl z ) in gross deck area where the fiollowing ppa "lies'.

(a) The means of egress is located as far from roaching 0 spaces and fuel tanks as possible

(b) There is no stove, heater, or other source of fire in the space

(c) I f from an accommodations space, it does not include a deck scuttle or vertical ladder

19-15.2.6.2 Access to at least one of dae required exits shall be independent of water-tight doors.

19-15.2.6.3 A ladder leading to a deck scuttle shall be permitted as not more daan one of die required means of egress where the following applies:

(a) It is accessible only to crew, or

(b) it is fitted on a vessel not more than 20 m (65.6 ft) in length.

19-15.2.6.4 A window shall be permitted as not more daan one of d~e required means of egress where the following applies:

(a) It is fitted on a vessel not more than 20 m (65.6 ft) in length.

(b) It does not lead direcdy overboard.

(c) It can be easily opened or is designed to be kicked or pushed o u t .

(d) It is marked in accordance wida Section 5-10.

152


19-15.2.6.5 Dead-end corridors exceeding 7 m (20 It) in length shall no t be permitted•

19-15.2.6.6 Means of egress shall be marked in accordance with Section 5-10.

19-15.$ Accommodat ions Spaces. Accommodat ions spaces shall be separated from machinery spaces and fuel tanks by a min imnm C' Class boundary.

19-15.4 Medical, Health (:are, and Child Care Spaces. (No requirements . )

19-15.5 Service Spaces.

19-15.5.1 All surfaces within 1 m (3.3 It) of cooking appliances shall meet ASTM E-84, Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, with a flame-spread rating not exceeding 75.

19-15.5.2 Curtains, draperies, or free-hanging fabrics shall not be fitted within 1 m (3.~ fi) of cooking or heating appliances.

19-15.6 Electrical and Control Spaces. (No requirements .)

19-15.7 Engineering and Machinery Spaces.

19-15.12.9 Internal combustion exhausts, boiler and galley uptakes, and similar sources of ignition shall be kept d e a r and suitably insulated f rom combustible material.

Chapter 20 Referenced Pubfieations

20-1 The following documents or port ions the reof are referenced within this code as mandatory requirements and shall be considered part o f the requirements of this code. The edition indicated for each referenced mandatory documen t is the current edition as of d~e date of the NFPA issuance of this code. Some of these mandatory documents might also be referenced in this code for specific informational purposes and, therefore, are also listed in Appendix C.

20-1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batter3nnarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-1901.

NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 1994 edition.

NFPA 11, Standard for Low-Expansion Foam, 1994 edition.

NFPA 11A, Standard for Medium- and High-Expansion Foam Systems, 1994 edition.

NFPA 12, Standard. on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, 1993 19-15.7.1 Dry exhaust systems on vessels o f wooden or composite edition• .~ : . : . .

" " t " "~':"~ "~::::':~ construcuon shall comply vada ABYC P-l, Ins allaaon of Exhaust ,~:2"-:".. "~ Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines. NFPA 13, S:~ . r .~ for the Installation of sprinkler Systems, 1996

• • ....~ :$::.:::.~:.. edttaon. ~'i!! ~:~-'.~::.. 19-15.7.2 Fuel lines ,and hose shall be located as far as possible ,.:~ ":::~:.~:. "::i~ii~i~i'.-~.. f rom heat sources. NFP.A.~i.~bmdarc{':~i~e J.a~staUation of Deluge Foam-Water

Sp4~"~ qd'~Foam-W~'i~'ay Systems, 1995 edition. 19-15.8 Storage S p a c e . Paint, high-risk filels, and flammable ~ii.". %- .si-i;" aerosols shall be stored in containers in accordance with NFPA 30, c . i ! ~ . 17#...~ndard for'Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems, 1994 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, and NFPA 30B, Code for the edit~ii~i~:" "-.i~ Manufacture and Storag~ of Aerosol Products. "¢~i'.'..i.'..:~..

".-'.'~:i:: ..... NFPA l : ~ d a r d for Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems, 1994 Exception: Alcohol in containers not exceeding 10 l (2•6 gal). "~:-.:~::~.~:..~l.ition. %~:.~;'

- ":i:i.. "~:~.?i:::::~:i::.: ~. g@" "?-'k ~'::!:~:i:i:.':::::~:/::~...:._-~ "

19-15.9 Cargo Spaces :rod Fuel Tanks. (No requirements .) % . . ~ ! : : - ~ ; Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection, 1996 .~..:..:!:~:.::~. %~i~ditiqJ~Y

19-15.10 Open Decks. (No requirements.) . , . : ~ :::.~.ii, .-:.'#::" '~-'-:~'." ~'~i-":'::::.~PA 25, Standard [or the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of

19-15.11 Helicopter Decks. (No requirements.) .:..#~i!~i~!~:.., 2~i~.~.:.:~!i::~. %~i "~if'ater-Based Fire Protection Systems, 1995 editibn.

. . . . ~i.".:~:~ . "~!.~. . . . . . 19-15.12 Matermls o f Construction. When f ibeLr . . .e , t .n . force~uc "" NFPA 30, Flammablo and Combustible L~quids Code, 1996 ed~taon. (FRP) is used, the requirements of this sectiq.~;-:~-'-" [i~'...~9.ply. %~i!i'.-:'.:.. ~•~,

e.":Y ":'*~-'.; %i~":: NFPA 30B, Code for the Manufacture and Storage of Aerosol Products, Exception: FRP using resin meeting ASTM.~..'.'.~.4., Standa~ii~t ~ [ i o d 1994 edition. for Surface Burning Characteristic~ of Buib~KCi'~.?..~aterials, W~.~. a flame~ spread rating not exceeding 100. "::'~!~i!~!::, :ii~ NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, 1996 edition. 19-15.12.1 All service spaces shall be enclosed'::~:':.~..bulk~:~ads and decks meet ing minimum B-15 integrity. %iii!i!~:~i# ':'" NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code, 1996 edition.

"..:.~.:~:-'

Exception: service spaces which do not c~ntain an~ co$~'ing equipment NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows, 1995 edition. with a surface temperature exceeding 120"C (248°F).

19-15.12.2 Electrical equ ipment including switch boards shall be separated from fuel and water sources.

19-15.12.3 A fire-detection system meet ing Section 7-1 shall be installed to protect all accommodations, service, and storage spaces and all voids dr l t contain surfaces which may exceed a surface tempera ture of 120°C (248°F).

19-15.12.4 All filrnishings in accommodat ions spaces shall meet 8- 3.2.

19-15.12.5 All machinery spaces shall be separated from accommodat ions, electrical, and control spaces by bulkheads and decks of minimum B-0 integrity.

19-15.12.6 The vessel shall not have overnight accommodations.

19-15.12.7 Gasoline shall not be used for die propulsion machinery.

Exception: Outboard engines shall be permitted to be powered by gasoline provided the fitd is stored in an open area aft.

19-15.12.8 The vessel shall not carry high-risk or low-risk fuels or combnstible materials as cargo.

NFPA 90A, Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating S3steras, 1996 edition•

NFPA 96, Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations, 1994 edition.

NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Fadlities, 1996 edition.

NFPA 101, Life Safety Code, 1997 edition.

NFPA 253, Standard Method of Test for Critical Radiant Flux.of Floor Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energ~ Source, 1995.

NFPA 255, Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, 1996 edition.

NFPA 257, Standard on Fire Test for Window and Glass Block Assemblies, 1996 edition.

NFPA 302, Fire Protection Standard for Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft, 1994 edition.

NFPA 750, Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, 1996 edition.

NFPA 1964, Standard for Spray Nozzles (Shutoff and Tip), 1993 edition•

153


NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural Fire Fighting, 1997 edition.

NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire Fighters, 1992 edition.

NFPA 2001, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, 1996 edition.

O t h e r Publications.

ABS Publications. American Bureau of Shipping, 2 World Trade Center, 106da Floor, New York, NY 10048.

Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, Part 4

ABYC Publications. American Boat & Yacht

H-25, Standards a~ut Recommended Practices for Small Craft - Portable Containers for Flammable Liquids.

P-l, "Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines.

ANSI Publications. Aanerican National Standards Institnte, 11 West 42nd Street, NewYork, NY 10036.

ANSI A14.3, Safety Code for Fixed Ladders.

ASME Publications, American Society of Mechani~l Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New YorK. NY 10017.

ASME A17.1, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators.

ASME A17.2, Inspectors' Manual for Eleveators and Escalators.

ASTM Publications. American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.

ASTM F1384, Standard Test Method for Fire Test of Marine Joiner Doors.

~¢-;f¢;Sr~- ' - .~ . . . .

ASTM F1626, Standard Practice for Preparing Shipboard F~ ~ l Plans" .4:~!"..

,..:~.!.:~..'.:: ASTM E-84, Standard Test Method for Surface Burni~ig ~ ~ t ' ~ ' ~

of BuiMing Materials, 1995. ..::..:i~ii.:.:i:".'~!!~!~!!:::::. ~"'::i!i':::....

ASTM E-II9, Standard Test Methods for Fir~#ests ~ " ~ . ~g " Construction and Materials, 1995. ~!~.:.-"~. "::'~i~ii.:::

ASTM E-648, Standard Test Methods f o r ~ : . . R a d i a n t ~.,.x of"Floor Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energ~ "~..~'~.ce, 1995.~i~?

ASTM E-662, Standard Test Method for Specific O ~ ! : . . . ~ t y of Smoke Generated by. Solid Materials, 1995. ~i!.~i'i::"

ASTM E-1317, Standard Test Method for Flammabili 0 of Marine Surface Finishes, 1996.

BCH Publications.

Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Chemicals in Bulk.

International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals, 4th Edition.

Compressed Gas A.~aoclatlon Publications.

Commodit~ Specifw~ztions for Air, G-7.1, 1989.

IBC Publications.

International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Clwmicals in Bulk.

IGC Publications.

International Gas Carrier Code Gas Carrier Code

IEEE Publications.

Standard 45, Recommended Practic~ for Electric Installations of Shipboard, 1988.

IMO Assembly Resolution Publications.

A653 (16), Recommendation on improved Fire Test Procedures for Surface Flammability of Bulkhead, Ceiling, and Deck Finish Materials.

A472, Improved Recommendation on Test Method for Qualifying Marine Construction Materials as Non-combustible.

A687(17), Recommendation on Fire Test Procedures for Ignitability of Primary Deck Coverings.

A760

A754(18), Recommendation of Fire Resistance Test for "A, " "B, " and "F" Class Divisions.

A757

FP39/WP4, Annex 1: InteKm Standard for Measuring Smoke and Toxic Products of Combustion.

International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code.

ISGOTr Publications.

International Safe~.C~

ISO Publicatio..~."

171 f i ~ i ~ w " M a ~

Tankers and Terminals.

Fir~t-~,....~{..,.~ ~ , ~ g Materials - NoreCombustibility Test, 1990. .

Ma~.:..y.:::petermmatton of Calorific Potential.

, D ~ i n a t i o n ...... of~O]~tical Density b 3 a Single Chamber Test.

837(~ii~#"~stanee Tests -Elements of Building Construction.

m a c u.s . Co t Guard Na ga ou S, Ve el

• "-':.~:i:i.'..~:~.?..~:.. ,:... .~-~i?,.":~2di'de to Structural Fire Protection Aboard Merchant Vessels.

~ ! S O L ~ Publications. Safety of Life at Sea.

~:Chapter 11-2, Regulation 15, International Convention for Safety of Life ,~', at Sea, 1974, and its Protocol of 1978: Articles, Annex, and Certificate

Consolidated Edition, 1992.

UL Publications. Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Nordabrook, IL 60062.

UL 555S, Standard for Safety Leakage Rated Dampers for Use in Smoke Control Systems, 1993.

Standard for Safety number 19.

UL 217, Single and Multiple Station Smoke Detectors, 1993.

UL 300, Standard for Safety Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishing Systems for Protection of Restaurant Cooking Areas, 1996.

UL 1056, Fire Test of Upholstered Furniture, 1989.

UL1895, Fire Test of Mattresses, 1995.

U.S. Government Publications. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Title 16, Code of Federal Regulat/ons, Part 16.

Title 46, Code of Fedaral Regulations, Parts 56 and 110-11~.

Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 173.

Appendix A Explanatory M a t e r i a l

A - I Fundamental requirements applicable to all vessels are found in Chapter 1 dwough 7. These fundamental requirements are modified as applicable for any type of space in Chapters 8 dwough 16. The reqmrements in Chapters 1 flarough 16 are modified as applicable for any given vessel type in Chapters 17 through 19. For example, a passenger vessel would follow dae requirements of Chapters 1 darough 16 and Chapter 19.

154

N F P A 301 ~ A98 R O C (Reprinted f r o m F97 R O P )

A-l-6.1 The intent ion of dais documen t is dmt the requirements be applied in daeir entirety.

,4,-3-2 Definitions.

Authority Having Jurisdiction. The phrase "audaority having jurisdiction" is used in NFPA documents in a broad manner , since jurisdictions and approval agencies vary, ,as do daeir responsibilities. Where public safety is primary, the audlority having jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or od~er regional depa r tmen t or individual such as a fire chief; fire marshal; chief of a fire prevention bureau, labor depar tment , or he,ald~ depar tment ; building official; electrical inspector; or od~ers having statutory aufliority. For insurance purposes, an insurance inspection depar tment , rating bureau, or odaer insurance company representative may be the m~tiaority having jurisdiction. In many circumstances, the property owner or his or her designated agent assumes dae role of dae authority having jurisdiction; at government installations, dae commandin~ officer or deparunent.al official may be dae audaority havingjur isdmdon.

Combustible Material. This is in tended to apply to construction materials, decorations, mad fl~rnishings.

Fire-Rated Glazing• "l-he glass may or may not be wire reinforced.

Common Path o f Travel. A common pada of travel exists where a space is ar ranged so that occupants widfin flint space are able to travel in only one direction to reach any of dte exits or to reach tile point at which dae occupants have dae choice of two padas of travel to remote exits. Figure A-5-1.2(a) is an example of a common pada of travel.

I t I

!

" I /

!

I

r

~g x)

®

Fi~re A-5-1.2(a) Common paths of travel. Theportion of the exit accegs travel for which an occupant is steeredin one direction only without the option of traveling in another independent

I a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . direction toward a,~::exit is common path of travel. Common steel, l l l e means tor laentatymg nstea eqmpmen t may vary xor paths of travel a ~ ' ~ [ ~ ated by the dashed lines

each organization concerned with product evaluation; some .~:..~.:~ ~ " organizations do not recognize eou p m e n t as listed unless it is also . . . . . . :i'~'~.-:: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

• . . q . . . . H o r i z o n t a l .J~Xil~:::::...:.~, n o r l z o n u t l e x i [ s n o u l o n o t D e c o n I u s e o W l U l

labeled. The authority hawngjunsd lc t lon should nuhze tlae system e--ess t b ro t ~h d~ ~:'~" Horizontal exits - rovide - ro tec t ion a-ainst employed by tbe listing: organization to identify a listed product, serious~.".~"~.~ a l o n ~ r i o d of t ime in addit ion to providing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i m m e . . ~ ' [ ' ~ : : - ] ~ . t c ~ e c t i o n " ~ o k e . Horizontal exits are similar in

~-,t-,.o .Lz m e e n g m e e r m g / m a c n m e r y c?n.trot space ts mcatea m cor~ :~ t to ~ a i n ver t icM.~hes but do not have restrictions on - - o --------ea~ndine°tr]°S°lmated from the engine room, ,t ts treated as part of the - - ~:,.:l::R~:~i'::." ,:-,.~-.'-: > ~:..:~'r !.$:.~,..e A-5-1.2(1~ is an example of a horizontal exit.

"~iii~ii~.~:.. .... "::':':iiiii+. ''III Hor o t a l e x t - - - '

:i:..i.i~'~!ii!:::.. :%i.:!!~ " . f ' ~ , I / I , .X" .......... ."%: /

":'::@':::~:, #":*: [ ~ HorizontAl exit "%%:::#:" I ~ ~ _ / e i t h e r direction

L / A-60 is generally required for horizontal exits, but may be modified as allowedby chapters 17-19

Figure A-5-1.2(b) Horizontal exit. A-60 is generally required for horizontal exits, but may be modified as allowed by Chapters 17 through 19.

Means of Egress. Means of egress is in tended to be synonymous with means of escape.

1 5 5

NFPA 301 m A98 ROC (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

A-5-2.1.2 Door clear widda diagram. A-5-2.2.2.3

t Bulkhead [ ~ t

Clear width

"1 Bulkhead t

//////////~,~ With tread slope to frontt

" / / / , ~

Riser Height = A + B

Horizontal ~ / ' / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ~ B . .~

Door Figure A-5-2.2.2.3(a) Riser measurement with t read slope to front.

/ / / / / / / / / ' ~

J With tread ~. slope to .~. A Riser Height = A - B backk ~ .~..

.,.,...:...~ Horizontal

::~.~:~,: ~'~ <, '+#:,'k "+~-::..

.:~::#:!:: ::+::Y.-,":.* ~'."~i~:£-;:..;*-: ;~-j~ . . . . . + "*~I."7 ..:::.;~i.:" ~+ >.~.';.

~ , ~ A-j~.~.~.S(b) ~ r , . ~ u r e m e u t wi th t r ~ s lope to back.

Figure A-5-2.1.2 Clear door width.

A-5-2.1.4.3

I open :::-, ~'k..

]. ,Max 15 cm "%i~'::...:U ''':~;

~ i r < E,, ~ii:'~;:;%iiiii~i~!~:~ ......... 2*'il

Vlax 15 cm ~::"'"::i ::.:ijiiil ~ ":'iii, .

"~.~.~:: ".~;~'::-

..:J Figure A-5-2.1.4.3 Door swing into a ~ h a t swing within a recessed pocket of the cor r idor so as not .~:"protrude into the requi red corr idor width provide the best a r rangement for clear lassage through an exit access corridor. Doors that swing 180

egrees to come to rest against a bu lkhead and do not ex tend into / / " / / / / / / / / / / , ' ~ / , more than 15 cm (5.9 in.) of requi red cor r idor width provide an

/ Tread " depth

/ Figure A-5-2.2.2.3(c) Tread depth.

Tread Measurements:

acceptable ar rangement . A door swinging 90 degrees to come to rest in the path o f travel is cons idered as not encroaching excessively on the exit access corr idor width if not more than 15 cm (5.9 in.) of the requi red width of the cor r idor remains obs t ructed: Any doo r swinging into the cor r idor must leave unobs t ruc ted dur ing its ent i re swing at least one half of the requi red cor r idor width.

A-5-2.2.2.1 Stair design should avoid a rise of l-to-1 ratio.

Tread depth

Curvature or slope here can further reduce t r e a ~ h h

~. Stable support available here !

Figure A-5-2.2.2.3(d) Tread measu remen t with stable suppor t at leading edge.

1 5 6

N F P A 301 - - A98 R O C ( R e p r i n t e d f r o m F97 R O P )

Carpeted Stair:

"! F ~ Tread depth '

Projection interferes ~ ~ with descending foot

I//I ] [ii~l~ Unstable I ~i!~ stepping

Figure A-5-2.2.2.3(e) Tread measurement with unstable s tepping surface at leading edge.

~5-2.2.4.5

Min. 12 in. (30.5 cm) required by 5-2.2.4.5(ee - - ~

~ ( 8 6 cm) ' I to 38 in Ig6

/ / +

f ~ , ~ - ~ - - ~L-- Min. 4 in. (10.2 cm )

- h ' 411 ~ - ~ - - O n e thread depth where ~ "::~$~:~:::':':

a guard or wall existss .............. ":~'.'.'~.

Min. 1 1/2 in. (3.8 cm) required by 5-2.2.4.5(b)

One thread depth where a guard or wall exists

as required by 5-2.2.4.5(e))

I -- This tur i required by 5-2.2.4.3

This or similar , , , required by

t+ 1 ' C" -I

Plan view (return stair)

A-5-2.2.6.2

0

r - . . . . . .

lOft (3 m)', \

I I

I

l

~ i i ~ "-~'~ - - OpenT/lgs within this area must be c \ v -hour protect, • ... %~!::.. ~:.. :~:.

.m~.:" Openings within this area must be protected for ..... ~ i ~ . .

"::~- .:-':~:: 1 Hour if < 3 decks served ..::!~- ~--:.:!~:::.:,.. 1 z\× Hour if > 3 decks served

..~.-#1"gu~.~5-2,2.6.2 Protectioa of outside stairs - - Fire resistance ;~ra t in~for the bulkhead o f the 10-ft (3-m) extension is a minimum • !~.~f.4 hr. Fire resistance rating for the bulkheads within the short ii~i~shed lines is based on the number of decks served by the

g~outslde stair, the same as for interior stairs.

A-5-2.9

l Figure A-5-2.9 Alternating tread devices.

Figure A-5-2.2.4.5 Handrail detaiis.

157

NFPA 301 m A98 ROC (Reprinted from F97 ROP)

A-5-5.1.4

R°°m°rarla / / ~ o o ~ / ~/I

Minimum distance = one-half of diagonal

Figure A-5-5.1.4(a) Remoteness and half diagonal rule.

/

/ g

i /\ I / ii ~I

i (

~~.~.~....:..~ ;~" .::!.!., . . . . . :%,

A-5-5.1.4 (c).

1/2 d minimum ~- - _ - ' ~

Room "A"

\

Figure A-5-5.1.4(b) Communicating openings, whether protected or not, between the stair enclosures°

4

~\ / I ~1 I A I \

\1

'7, ID ~o o7~

"0¢=

E ~ 6 ~

Diagonal ol the area served

Lease area

,,Lo o ,,,

Lease space

Figure A-5-5.1.4(d).

158

NFPA 301 i A98 R O C (Reprinted f rom F97 ROP)

Ocato ~ e ~

( tan i= sc~e)

~5-5 .1 .5

Figure A-5-5.1.4 (e).

~6-2 .4 .4

A

A-7. syst~ for

to

8 i

7 i

6

5 I

B 4

Roof

C

m

I

D i

3 - - I

2

Floor I I E I

~-2,.~4 Slffffts that do not run full height of building ~ t be capoed by floors or ceilings.

~:: 7 s p a s fire-detection, alarm, and communication ¢.~. as f i r ~ t g . ~ t l o n systems and equipment required ~" vessels.s. ~ ' e v e r ~ possible, reference has been made p priate NFP~*codes and standards provided flaey ;~;~.e applicataons. Odlerwise, reference has been made

~i~ate SOLAS or CFR regulation. When die NFPA code or standard is revised to address die M~i.*application, it is planned to delete references to

I Note: Figure not drawn , ' t |

to scale

Figure A-~5.1.5 Scissor stairs. Two entwined stairways sharing the same enclosing bulkheads are called scissor stairs. To be considered separate exits the stairs must be completely separated from each other. In effect, each stair's enclosure must consist of a fire resistance rated tube entwined around the other much llke the form of a helix. This results in space and cost savings by

~ ermitting the stairs to share the common enclosing bulkheads etween them and the remainder of the building. With this

arrangement, two independent escape paths are created, similar to that provided by two independent stair enclosures positioned some distance from each other. Note the continuity of all bulkheads, providing a complete separation at all points, the arrows designate the direction of egress travel.

A-6-2.3.4 An example of an acceptable protective device may be a steel shutter operated by a fusible link.

; ' f=~i:~" This can be accomplished eidler by remote starting of ne o~dle main fire pumps widl remote starting from the

navigating bridge, engineering operating station, or fire control g # o n , if any or permanent pressurizatmn of die fire-main system $~ one of die mmn fire pumps, except where machinery space ts continuously attended.

A-7-3-2.1 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Compressor and Refill Station.

High pressure (4500 psi) SCBA provide additional breadfing time over tile low pressure units a n d / o r afford file user weight savings° On larger vessels, die operator may very likely need high pressure units to meet file entrance/exi t time demands placed upon die fire fighters.

Where SCBA recharge systems are installed onboard a vessel or where SCBAs can be readily recharged at a suitable recharge facility shoreside, shipboard fire-fighting evaluations should emphasize tile actual donning and use of SCBAs, consumption of SCBA air, and recharging of tile cylinders. During training, to prevent exhausting ,all readily accessible and dilly charged breadling apparatuses, dlereby reducing a ship's actual fire-fighting readiness, a ship should maintain at least 75 percent of file ship's total units in a fully charged and r~-ady state. Following completion of die training, priority should be placed on getting file ship back to 100 percent breadling apparatus capability.

NFPA, ANSI, OSHA, and die Compressed Gas Association (CGA) provide additional maintenance, sizing, quality standards, and air-test criteria for breadling ,air quality recharge equipment. Alfllough die CGA requires a minimum air quality of Grade D for such equipment, SCBA recharge systems should meet at least CGA Grade-E mr quality wifll less allan 25-PPM water vapor. Grade-D air is acceptable, but requiring Grade-E air will provide an air quality margin for d~e operator. The water-vapor limit is required to eliminate water-vapor condensing and freezing in die SCBA regulator when die SCBA is u sed in cold weadler. Compressor air samples should be taken on a quarterly basis in accordance widi manufacUlrers' procedures and should be provided to a qualified air test laboratory to check for proper air quality. Additional air analysis is req~.fired following major overhaul modifications or extensive repmrs to dae breaflfing air system.

159


Routine maintenance of the SCBA compressor recharge system is essenti,al to ensure proper operation of the equipment and to ensure proper air quality is maintained. Special attention should be given to die condition, level, and type of lubricating oil; purification cartridge shelf/usable life; condition of air quality monitoring equipment; and drainage of the condensate reservoir. Only use lubrication oils specifically approved for the compressor. Operation of the compressor in high-ambient air conditions (90°17) decreases performance and accelerates wear and should be avoided. Consult the mannfacturer's technical manual for maintenance and overhanl practices and periodicity. An active servicing program shonld be implemented to prevent excessive oil carry-over and carbon dioxide (CO) generation.

A-7-4 Ventilation Guidance for Certain Spaces.

Dedicated Exhaust Required to Weather. Independent exhaust- duct runs are generally required for spaces containing toxic, noxious, or potentially explosive fumes - - such as battery rooms, paint lockers, film rooms, ,and toilets - - or where a high fire hazard exists such as the galley. Where dedicated exhaust runs are required, alley should lead directly to the weather. Weather exhaust terminals for this ducting should be located to prevent the

~l ssibility of recirculating exhausted air back into the vessel. lere common exhaust ducting is considered, the design of the

exhaust system should consider the spaces being served and the possibility of contaminated air migrating back into those spaces due to failure of any required exhanst fans.

Medical Spaces. Ventilating systems servicing medical spaces should be installed in accordance with NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Facilities.

Incinerator Space. The ventilation system for an incinerator space should be a permanent, positive-pressure type and the pressure m the space should be kept greater than the operating pressure of the incinerator. The ventilation system for ,an incinerator blower space should be permanent, positive-pressure type and be independent of all other ventilation systems. It should provide a pressure greater , than the pressure widain the incinerator and provide at least 20 air changes per hour based on the gross volume of the incinerator blower space.

Battery Storage Areas. Battery rooms are to be v e n t i l a t ~ @ accumulation of f l ~ m a b l e gas. Natural ventilation ~ be "~" employed if ducts are run directly from die top of d~.~.f "~...e.ry ~ ! to weadler. If naulral ventilation is impractical, meEharBk.':~i# ~" "::i~ exhaust ventilation is to be provided with fan intagI it the ' t~!-gf

to be ~ ........ !~i~a~r ti]:~i~t i:>- the room. Openings for air intake are p.r#~ '.,!:.-'.':, .,,¢- foor. Fans are to be of tile nonsparKing ~ : : ~ q d , ] ~ of '~:$~'-':~'~ completely changing the air in the batteff.~:~.9.m in ot"~i~e d~~"2 minutes. The fan should be interlocked@~ii~.~, cl rgin~::~ystem and always operate during charging. '%iil:: ~i~"

Where battery lockers are installed, they are to ' ~ ~l~ated,4~' if practical, similar to a battery room by a duct lead f ~ the top of the locker to o~en air or to all exhaust ventilation i ~ct leading to file wead~er. The duct should terminate not less than 0.9 m (3 ft) above tile top of die locker in machinery spaces and similar well- ventilated compartments. Louvers or equalare to be provided near the bottom of the room or locker for entrance of air. Deck boxes are to be provided wid~ a duct from the top of die box terminating at least 1.2 m (4 It) above in a goose neck or other device to prevent entrance of water. Holes for air inlet are to be provided on at least two opposite sides of the box. The entire deck box, including openings, is to be wead~er tighL Small battery boxes require only openings near the top to peru]it escape of gas.

Compartments Containing Gasoline, [or fuel having a flash point of 43.$°C (I10°F) or lower] Machinery, or Fuel Tanks. Such spaces should maintain a negative pressure by means of a natural supply and mechanical exhatist ventilation system. Where mechanical exhaust systems are required, design of the system should assure that adequate air changes are provided per minimum requirements per Table A-7-4.

Table A-7-4 Size of Spaces in Cubic Meters

(cubic feet) Minutes per Air Change 3

< 14.2 m

(<500 ft s) 2

14.2 m 3 - 28.3 m 3

1501 ft 3 - I000 ft31 3

28.3 m 3 - 42.5 m 3

(1001 ft 3 - 1500 ft 3) 4 3

> 42.5 m

(>1500 ft 3) 5

Electrical equipment within such spaces should be explosion proof and nonsparking as appropriate for such equipment in accordance widl 46 CFR I 1 I. Purged and pressurized systems in accordance with NFPA 496, Standard for Purged and Pressurized Enclosures for Electric Equipnwnt, may also be used where explosion proof installations are required. (See Section 7-9for Electrical Power ystans.) Exhaust blower motors should beinstalled exterior to tile ucting. Exhaust blower switches should be located outside of

such spaces and inEfrlocked with engine ignition switches to allow a minimum of o ~ p l e t e space air change in the space prior to engine smrtinN~iert"~plicable. A red warning sign should be

file posted at t h ~ l . stating same. Ventilation ducting should conform t o . ~ e t ' ~ n g minimum criteria=

+. t.'~ - ~ (a) ~ l ~ air vel:~t~..'~t-ducting less than 610 m/rain (2000

f t / ~ : $ :::" ":"@~ "~.~ - ~ i ! "i .... g~ater than that of any oilier system d ~ . . Di~sions.:~.. :~.~:~. not twice

(c ~ . ~ t ~ l a s s boundary construction requirements as a m i n i r ~ "

(d) ICo~i~:!"" ": d of nonferrous or galvanized ferrous metal and

~ * : ~ " "r~ as possible to prevent air pockets ~:..q~C...=gas-tigh end to end

!~! .~i~:l~" ~ ' r e l y supported. i~" (g) ,~irovided with cowls or scoops having a free area not less

~ t h a n twice die required duct size and, accounting for any screens at ~ s entrance, have no dampers and be open at all times

~. ~:" Where engines and fuel tanks are not in closed compartments, at

least one ventilation duct should be installed in the fore part of the vessel and one in tile after part of the vessel whereby both ducts should have cowl or scoops. Supply and exhanst duct opening should not be located where tile natural flow of air is unduly obstructed or adjacent to possible sources of vapor ignition, nor should they be so located that exhaust air may be taken into the supply vents.

Hazmat Ventilation Requirements. Ventilation requirements for the stowage of hazardous materials (HAZMAT) stores is covered under 46 CFR Subchapter N Part 147.

Machinery Spaces. Mechanical ventilating systems for machinery spaces should be in accordance with SOLAS II-2, Regulation 15.

Pump Rooms. Cargo oil or liquefied flammable gas (LFG) pump rooms are to have a mechanical ventilating system capable of providing at least 20 ,air changes/hour based on the gross volume of the pump room. Tile system is to have mechanical exhaust, natural or mechanical supply, and ducting near the deck of the compartment as requiredto effectively purge all areas of the pump room. Where forced supply ventilation is fitted, the system should be installed so as to avoid turbulence in the pump room. Fan motors are to be located outside the pump room and exterior to the ventilation ducts. Fans are to be nonsparking construction. Provision is to be made for immediate shutdown of the fan motors upon release of the fire-extinguishing systems. Refer to 46 CFR Subchapter O, ABS, Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, Section 4/5.149.6, and ABS Section 4/5.151.6 for additional requirements for cargo pump rooms.

Refrigeration Machinery Spaces. Refrigeration machinery spaces are to be effectively ventilated. Ammonia refrigerating machines are to be placed in compartments clear of the propelling machinery and so arranged that any leakage of ammonia fumes can escape to the open air.

Cargo Spaces. 160


(a) Break Bulk. Those portions of die cargo hold suitable for carrying dry cargo, including hatch trunks and dry cargo deep tanks, should be mechanically ventilated with independent systems for each cargo hold. The supply air should be distributed from one end of die hold and exhausted at the opposite, assuring uniform air distribution without dead air pockets.

(b) Refrigerated Cargo Spaces. Refrigerated cargo spaces should be provided with a mechanical fresh air supply system and natural foul air exhaust system. Tile fan should have 50 percent speed reduction with local and remote manual control. Manual volume-control dampers should be provided for each system in accessible locations.

(c) RoRo Cargo Spaces. The vent system for enclosed spaces intended for the carriage of motor vehicles with fuel in their tanks for self propulsion is to be independent from all other vent systems and is to be capable of being controlled from a position outside tile space. Six air charges/hour are required based on the empty volume of the space serviced. Fans are to be nonsparking; inlets for exhanst ducts are to be located within 450 mm (17.75 in.) above the vehicle deck. Tile oudet is to be located in a safe area, having regard to the sources of ignition near fire oudet. Emergency shutdown arrangements are required to permit rapid shutdown and closure of vent system in case of fire. Indication of loss-of-

Standard Practice for HVAC Duct Shapes; Identification and Description

~e Design Configuration, should be used as guidance when termining HVAC duct shapes, identification, description, and

related criteria.

A-7-4.3.1 Tile American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) design guidelines and The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Technical and Research Bulletin No. 4-16 should be used as a guide when designing vessel heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in terms of heating, cooling, dehumidification, and other design requirements. ASTM F 1005, Standard Practice for HVAC Duct Shapes; Identification and Description of Design Configuratior~ should be used as guidance when determining HVAC duct shapes, identification, description, and related criteria.

A-7-4.3.2 Magazine spaces are usually provided with blowout ventilation and cooled to limit temperature levels to 37°C (100°F). Dependent on the type of materials carried and space configurations, various ventilation-system requirements may apply.

A-7-4.8 Tile preferred smoke removal systems ,are dedicated, independent exhaust systems capable of removing smoke from specific spaces. Consideration should be given to the design concepts of NFPA 92A, Recommended Practice for Smoke-Control

space ventilation should be provided on the navigation bridge. Systems, and NFPA .~.2B, Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and ~ . A r e a s . Tile system should be designed to

(d) Spaces Where Fueled Vehlcles Operate or Are Specially allow operatio~.~i~ a r~'~ote location either at the main fire-control Sulted for Vehicles. Areas below the weather deck should be station or at .~i~.~@lge while maintaining local operation. Sizing provided with continuous positive-pressure ventilation at each level of a s m o k % ~ t r a ~ system is based on tile entire free-air volume on which vehicles are transported; tile quantity of vent air should within tl~.g ~tectd~i~.a.ce(s) being exhausted in at a minimum of be at least 0.3 mS/min per m ~ of deck surface area (1 ftS/min per 10 mi~ii~."~Jess. (~/~.'~r...v..g, ntilatlon systems can be used to 1~ ~ of deck area); ,air stratification and pocketing should not be pro~i~ flfis""~,apability ~ i : l e d safeguards are installed to ensure permitted; and an al,'um should be installed in a normally manned tllg::!~nok~iigemoval per~"lhnance as noted above. When the vessel's space indicating loss of space ventilation. Spaces exposed to ~ i ~ g v~I.,3tion fans are used to remove smoke the following carbon monoxide or where other h,'tzardous vapors from operating critd~-~!'~'t~'~ met: vehicles or other equipment may accumulate should have adequate "".'~..-:. ventilation to remove barmfifl vapors ~ld maintain concentration ~..-'.:'~.. .... (a) Sys'~-::.c...C~ntrols are provided to allow for rapid operation levels less than file s,xfe levels estab ished for workers. C~arbon ~ . : ! i ' : ' . ":::~":~ monoxide concentrauons m file holds and intermediate decks ~i: "-'--'-::'(.'~i:-:::~e~'t~ features and local operauons are clearly marked where oersons are workintt sbould be maintained less than 50 parts '.% .,,::7-::"~"::;:.'.::::.#.i~i ":';" per miilion (0.005 percent'") as a time-weighted average, an.6.:::~:~:i:i:':-:.. '::~i"i#.~"(c) ,~haus t smoke is direcdy to the weather persons should be removed from the space if tile concen*~'~'~::i~.i-: ':!i~. exceeds 75 parts per raiUion (0.0075 percent). When ~essary!ili!! ~ ~i!:".:'~:.:~) Smoke removal capacity is equal to dedicated system portable blowers of adequate size and location shol.....~ii~::.l.lse~::::,.. % ~-:'~"

,. x(~#.:....!!:.....~..~:.. -:-~.....:::..!?...# "A-7-6 Certain electrical equipment is required to be listed by Magazines and Ammunition Storage. Magazine...,Sp..,.a.ces a~:i~iii~::." "-:-.x-:'," Underwriters Laboratory, Inc . (UL); Factory Mutual Research

normally provided with blowout ventilation a ~ ; ~ . . t o lii~j~L....,. Corporation (FMRC), Canadian Standards Association (CSA) temperature levels to 37°C (100°F). Depen.d..~lqt on d ~ : : ~ e oie'::~ii~i; ~:" TP127; or another independent laboratory recognized by the AHJ. materials carried ,and space configuratio .n.~i~.-~;.trious ven~'~:t.ion:£~i .'::" system requirements may apply. '-"*" %i~.'..'~::.. ~..]'-:.~i. A-8-1.4.1 For a space with mixed occupancies where several load

"%!!~!i~::.. ~i~: factor criterion apply, the load factor for the entire space can be Requirements for magazine and /o r ammunit~:8~iSt.ora~:'spaces determined by using each criteria separately.

should be in accordarme with 46 CFR 146 and 46~:?~:f34, applicable to weapons and explosives to be transpo. '~l as cargo by .4,-10-1.2 Tile ltigh-risk service subclassification is not intended to auxiliary and amphihlous ships and NAVSEA Tecl'/~]ical Manual apply to cbafing dishes or warming trays used in buffet food-service 0938-LP-018-0010; Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Design Criteria Manual for Surface Ships of the U.S. Nay 3.

Laboratories. Ventilating systems in laboratories using chemicals should be installed in accordance with NFPA 45, Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals. Power ventilation units should have minimum characteristics of 46 CFR 194.15-5.

Duet Keels. A mechanical ventilation system capable of providing at least 8 air changes/hour based on tile gross volume of file spaces is to be provided. The system is to have mechanical exhaust, natural or mechanical supply, and ducting as required to effectively purge the space and all connecting access trunks.

Voids and Cofferdams. Voids and cofferdams on tank vessels should be equipped with a gooseneck ventilator and flame arrestor.

A-7-4.1 For consistency and guidance only, ventilation requirements for the remaining spaces have been obtained from other maritime related HVAC design documents and should be referred to when detailed system design is being accomplished. The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) design guidelines and The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNA_ME) Technical and Research Bulletin No. 4-16 should be used as a guide when designing a vessel's heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in terms of heating, cooling, dehumidification, and other design requirements. ASTM F 1005,

applications.

A-12-1.1 The following are examples of engineering and machinery spaces:

Spaces containing pipes, hose, or processing equipment handling pressurized flammable or combustible liquids or gases including fuel oil, lubrication oil, hydraulic oil, or ammonia; internal combustion engines: boiler rooms; motor rooms; incinerator r o o m s .

A-12-1.2 Manned spaces are normally occupied by crew or others. Unmanned spaces are not normally occupied while a vessel is underway or in port. However, they are at times occupied and the occasional manning of the space may correspond to maintenance, inspection, response to abnormal condition alarms, or other situations.

A-12-2.2 Passenger vessels complying with recent SOL/US provisions will be fitted with semi-water-tight doors in some areas immediately above the margin line.

A-12-3.2.2 Fire-extinguishing systems may utilize compressed gas, electric pumps, diesel pumps, or other means to convey the fire- extingatishing agent to the protected space. When electric pumps are used, fliey may be provided wiflr power from dre ship's service generators. These generators, their wiring, or associated switchgear will likely be disabled by a fire or by associated fuel and

161


lube oil shutdowns assodated with a fire. Therefore, primary sources of electrical or sbaft power from within the protected space are inherently unreliable. Compressed gas stored within d~e protected space is subject to fire impingement. In order to ensure dlat a machinery space fire, directly below large numbers of passengers or on a tank vessel, does not expand and become a major loss of life incident or major marine environmental disaster, redundant sources of power from outside the machinery space are required.

A-12-3.5 Maclfinery spaces should be provided wida emergency escape breadfing devices (EEBDs) for use by die crew in die event of a fire for die purpose of escape. EEBDs should be accessible along egress routes and watcb stations (control stations, lower engine room, generator flat, etc.).

A-12-5.2 Openings between macltinery spaces or machinery space casings have traditionally been an avenue for smoke or fire to spread into d~e vessel. Of particular note are cases where openings allowed smoke to fill passenger stairs and, in one case (in 1995), doors between die engine casing and die deck with officers quarters allowed smoke to end,anger tl~e lives of, and hmnper the response of, ship officers responsible for mitigation of the fire incident.

(f) The deck-foam system is not intended to provide extinguishment, suppression, or to control casualties resulting from explosions or collisions

(g) The deck-foam system should be robust and arranged to widastand die effects of weadaer, vibration, corrosion, strain, and impact

A-19-1.3.4 The Group Ilia passenger vessel grouping is based on identifying a vessel type daat would be used as an IMO Category-A Craft ( IMO International Code of Safety for High Speed Craft, 1.4• 10). Tiffs separate classification allows for flae high si)eed nature and limited route of operation of file craft, and the hght weight construction flint may be combustible (fiberglass, fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), composite) or combinations of combustible and noncombustible construction. Classification as Group IIIa passenger vessel would be at d~e discretion of d~e designer.

A-19-2.6.2 Normally accessible areas may include accommodation spaces; medical, heaitll care, and child care spaces; and service spaces.

A-19-2.10.5 LSC Diagram for aisle accessways and clear widtla (handbook) .

A-12-6.4 Fuel injectors operate at high pressure and are capable of creating atomized fi~el sprays if they rupture.

A-12-10 Incinerator spaces present a variety of hazards including possible combinations of oil-fired burners, gas-fired burners, trash fires, and deep-seated fires.

A-14-1.2 Examples of restricted access spaces are cargo holds, fuel tanks, and cargo tanks.

Aisle 36 in. %:~i~i~)i::...~# Aisle 55 in. (91 crn) ~ em) . . . . ( 1 4 0 . .

A TI ntent a ~ "'~ VI " M AIsle 74 in -16-1 ~e i of the cl~" pter is to apply only to helicopter ~ : ~ ~ , , ~ (188 era)"

decks designed for routine use. It is not ' in tended to apply to open ~ ~ If i ql i,~. deck areas, which would only be used in emergency situations. [[ | I I1 ~ These emergency applications need not comply with tile provisions ~..'.~ .... ~ ~ [ ~ l( ~_ ]1 of dais chapter. ~ [ ]

~, :~"'~i:::.:::'%'-':::-:-... .~:" A-18-1.1 l t , s t l ~ e l n t e n t o f d u s c l l a p t e r t o o n l y l n c l u d e o c e a n - g o m g . . . . . :~k~ ,.'.+" "'+:::-::,s.'~'~:i*'~:!:":~:~:~:i::':"#:" ~ ( • ~:- z::.% v ".)::~.¢' cargo and tank sh,ps . . . . . :.~.': ...... "~'.-:::;.~:" ...¢v ~ ~ J

..::.:.5:: ~:.::~:.'.-'.:::'::. ':.::i:: " / P " - ' ~ I A-18-4.1 Where cofferdams, cargo pumprooms, oil fne..JE~,Junker;-:.:~" .:~5 "~:.::~ ~..::::~+...., I,,.I,.._..~ tanks, or ballast tanks can be isolated from a c c o m m . . . . ~ n s ~ : . % ~-~'~" v and an equivalent standard can demonstrate dmt a s ~ t a g ' [ ' ~ [ l ~ @ . : ~ " Fire,re A-19-9 10 5ta~ Seatiuo at tables abuttino an aisle • _-::~-~:=:5: "~$:-'.:-~-" z~ . . . . ~ • t~ ~ • a deck or bulkhead would not permit the entry o ~ or f ( ~ . "" from die cargo tanks into die accommodado~.:t..:..[..:~.is ":"~!.~ ¢:.... , requirement may be waived by allowing ac¢.6~:tmod~#.pace '~i i~ '~" I Table ] be positioned f o r ~ d of cargo t~mks, s l o ~ k s , and s ~ s d ~ : I-- <12 ft (3.7 m) - - ~ ~ <12 ft (3.7 m) ~1 isolate cargo or slop tanks from machirr~l-~,"" . e s .%; : "~i~'~....~.::2 I ~ H , . . . ~ ~

A-18-4.2 Tiffs may be accomplished by provisi6~.!~a p ~ a n e n t continuous coaming of a suitable height extendid~i~L~,~" side to ~.'̀ .:~!:!~?.!~!~;.~.~..~;.:~.~i?~....~..~.~.~.....~.~.$.~.$.~.~.~...:~..~$~$~9~s~<$~!:~*~s!$!~:~:~ - -~ side. Special consideration shall be given to tile a r ~ ' g e m e n t s I I ~ associated wid~ s tem loading, vS" [ Table ]-> 12 in.

A-18-10.1.2 Deck-foam systems should provide die following minimum performance:

(a) Extinguish deck spill fires and maintain a foam blanket after die fire while hot metal cools

(b) Control or suppress cargo manifold fires

(ca Suppress or control tank fires involving a portion of the cargo area assuming that the top of tlae tank(s) witlfin the design area are open to weather and the trajectory of the foam is not obstructed

(d) Provideprotection for the crew while arrangements are being made to abandon ship

(e) During ligbtering operations, the deck-fomn system should protect tile exposed vessel from fires on an adjacent ship while preparations are made to get die exposed vessel under way

3 0 . 5

cm)

Figure A-19-2 .10 .5 (b) A i s l e a e c e s s w a y width > 12 in. (30 .5 c m ) with i n c r e a s e d s p a c i n g o f 0 .5 in. (1 .$ c m ) for e a c h a d d i t i o n a l 12 in. (30 .5 c m ) o f a i s l e a c c e s s w a y b e y o n d initial 12 ft (3 .7 m) f r o m c e n t e r o f s e a t fur thes t f r o m an ais le .

A-19-3.1.1 [Exception to (e)] This requires a draft stop extending down below the ceiling into the lower space 46 cm (18 in.) deep surrounding the opening and automatic sprinklers fitted at not more than 1.8 m (6 ft) intervals around die perimeter.

A-19-14.6 A fundamental difference between means of egress for Group Ilia passenger vessels and Group I, II, and Ill passenger vessels is daat safe refuge is not required for passengers. Egress is considered to be directly into life-saving appliances.

A-19-15.2 A fundamental difference between means of egress for Group IV passenger vessels and Group l, II, and IIl passenger vessels is dlat safe refiJge is not required for passengers. Egress is considered to be directly into life-saving appliances.

162


Appendix B Equivalency and Marine Safety Assessment

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Definitions $. Methodology 4. Novel Design Features and Code Deviations

4-1.1 General 4-2.1 Novel Vessel Design 4-2.2 Code Deviations ~ Systems 4-2.~ Code Deviations I Components 4-2.4 Code Deviations - - Materials

5. Hazard Analysis Techniques and Sample Work Forms 6. Selection of Hazard Analysis Technique 7. Inputs to Hazard Analysis

%1.1 Databases and Standards %1.2 Testing and Research Results %1.~ Casualty Investigations 7-1.4 Calculations 7-2 Vessel Physical Data 7-3 Vessel/System Design and Operation Assumptions 7-4 Vessel/System Operating Conditions

8. Hazard Analysis 9. Evaluation for Equivalency

9-1.1 Determination of file Initial Hazardous Event 9-1.2 Probability of Ignition 9-1.~ Fire Growth/Explosion Hazard Potential 9-1.4 Consequence of Event

10. Documentation of Equivalence

Section I ~ Introduction.

B-I.1 The main method of assuring fire and life safety of a vessel is by adherence to good design, coupled with the use of recognized construction techniques and materials, followed by regular inspection and maintenance. Design, construction, and materials criteria are set out in the codes. Prescriptive codes have the advantages of applying to a hroad segment of the marine industry, being familiar to the design community, relying on established design methods, and being more easily enforced. In many cases, however, greater design flexibility is required, or specific fire protection requiremenm should be developed for a specific application not considered by the code.

power and chemical process industries and will provide the equivalency_ determination procem with structure, recognition, and credlbifity. Two methods are used by the designer in supporting a proposed equivalency; the inductive method and the deductive method.

WI.5.1 The inductive method of :malysis is based on prediction from observable dat~ This type of analysis tells what can happen, not how problems are caused. Single thread anal~is methods consider the effects of failures of an operation from the standpoint of their components, the failure in a particular operating state, and the effects of the components failure on the q~tem. The following are inductive analysis methods: single thread analysis, preliminary hazard analysis, failure modes and effect anal~is, system hazard analysis, product hazard analysis, hazard and operability analysis, and what-if analysis.

B-I~.2 Deductive analysis involves . . ~ l a t i n g a possible failure state of the overall system and identifying those component states that may contribute to its occurrence. This method examines how the undesired events can occur. The fault tree analysis is an example of this method.

g l . 6 Wlfile an increase in fire protection to that provided by the requirements put forth in NFPA 301 may be required, a reduction in requirements should only be permitted by the authority having jurisdiction . a f t e r e m ~ consideration and a determination that certain reqmr not applicable.

WI.7 The e ~ t ~ n of the fire and explosion safety performance of a vessel ~ . u l ~ e d on an overall understanding of the interrel~pelgups mUl ~en the many aspects of a vessel's design

~ i m s ~ s~o~ ii~tion system. Passive and active fire wlfi~:l~on ~ considered in file evaluation of c ~ e n t ~ o r impact q0~ew technology.

Is. Hazardous materials are those that are ~atible, designated a hazardous substance 0 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, ms material under Section 104 of the Transportation Control Act, or IMDG Code or

B-I.2 This appendix is intended to allow the vessel, ~ r a l~g ~ operator to comply with the Co&for Saf~ to L/~jfi Merchant V~sds, NFPA $01, while accommodati vessel or incorporating new or transfer approach used is to demonstrate the ae alternative through the development of a ~cl case. Tlds appendix provides a standar, ~ k~ framework timt may be used to estimate i f f e ~ e q u y performance of a vessel that incorporate dil ectlon systems or features than those required in NFPA ddressed in 1-5, Equivalency Concepts. It builds on the lay 8 ~reseriptive terms of the basic document to create a risk assess : option that can accommodate yet undefined innovations, new or transferred technology, different materials, or nonstandard arrangements.

B-I.$ This ability to demonstrate code equivalence in performance or attainment of relative levels of safety makes the code a dynamic document with a built-tu mechanism to adopt the latest in technology and readily incorporate it in the prescriptive code for accepted use. It permits the assessment of the proper role of various new fire- and explosion-protection technologies prior to their consideration by the full technical committee and NFPA membership. It has the added benefit of freeing tile authorities having jurisdiction from tile necessity of developing alternatives, creating extensive lists of reservations, or developing their own ec)uivalency process. The ability to focus these forces of innovation vathin the code-setting framework insures the code will remain durable and useful even beyond current forecasts of future technology for the marine industry.

B-1.4 The general goals of NFPA 301 as stated in 2-1, Fundamentals, in regards to the protection of life, property, and the environment should be maintained and should be used as the underlying precept agaimt which any equivalency decisions are based. The goals of this appendix are to protect passengers and crew from loss of life, mimmize the loss of property, and minimize the impact on the environment from any fire on beard slfip.

B-I.,~ The hazard analysis techniques incorporated in this appendix are recognized as effecuve tools used in the nudear

[ff~mcapacitmtom Incapacitation of a crewmember means the crewmember is unable to perform his or her duties. Incapacitation of a passenger means the passenger requires hospitalization.

Major Envlroumenud Damage. For vessels with a combined cargo and bunker oil capacity of greater than 10,000 barrels, major environmental damage . means the loss of more than 25 percent of tile total cargo and f~el oll capacity, o r the loss of the vessel.

For a vessel carrying hazardous materials in bulk, major environmental damage means the release of the fuHowing:

(a) Any quantity of Category-A pollutant;

(b) More than 300 1 (79.2 gad) of any Category-B pollutant;

(c) More than 500 1 (152 gad) of any C.~a~gory-C pollutant; or

(d) More than 750 I (198.1 gal) of any Category-D pollutant.

For a vessel carrying packaged dangerous cargoes, major environmental damage meam the release of any of the above quantities on board the vessel or into the water.

Major Property Damage. Damage in excess orS100,000.

d~b~r System Damage. Damage that results in the permanent tug of the maneuvering capability of the vessel or the

permanent disabling of fire protection q~tems or which places the vessel in immediate danger of sinking.

Minor Environmental Damage. An oil spill of less than 50 barrels.

For vessels carrying hazardous materials in bulk, minor environmental damage mPmal the release of the following:

(a) Not more than 100 1 (26.4 gad) of any Category-B pollutant;

163

N F P A 3 0 1 - - A 9 8 R O C ( R e p r i n t e d f r o m F 9 7 R O P )

(b) Not more than 300 I (79.2 gal) of any Category-C pollutant; o r

(c) Not more than 500 I (132 gal) of any Category-D pollutant.

For a vessel carrying packaged dangerous cargoes, minor environmental damage means the containment of the release of any of the above quantities on board the vessel or into the water.

Minor Property Damage. Damage amounting to less than $25,000.

Minor System Damage. Damage which results in a reduction in the maneuvering capability of the vessel, partial disabling of fire protection systems, minor damage to cargo, or results in the crew a n d / o r passengers being placed in unhealthy conditions.

Minor Injury. An injury whirl1 incapacitates an individual for more than $ days but less than 7 days.

M i n o r Illness. An illness which incapacitates an individual for more than $ days but less than 7 days.

Moderate Environmental Damage. An oil spill of more than 50 barrels hut not more than 2500 barrels.

For a vessel carrying hazardous materials in bulk, moderate environmental damage means the release of the following:

(a) More than 10O I (26.4 gal) but not more than 300 I (79.2 gal) of any Category-B pollutant;

(b) More than 300 i (79.2 gal) but not more than 500 I (132 gal) of any Category-C pollutant; or

(c) More than 500 I (132 gal) but not more than 750 I (198.1 gal) of any C.ategory-D pollutant.

For a vessel carrying packaged, dangerous cargoes, moderate environmental damage means the release of ,any of the above quantities on board the vessel into the water.

Moderate Property Damage. Damage in excess of $25,000 but less than $100,000. ,.- ........,

• ~:~.~: Moderate System Damage. Damage that results m t l g ~

interruption m fine maneuvering capability of the ve , ,~ . '~ "~"~: temporary disabling of fire protection systems for up to ~ ~_~iute~b~

Section 3 - - Assumptions. ..:~'~ ~'~':'~.x, ~%

be d ~ n s t r a t e d i~ig ~ g The following assumptions should 4¢~":~'~. ~ epa the laazard analysis and risk assessment:

completely familiar wil ~ :~ (a) Tiae sitip's crew is a r ' < ~ ~ment of the ship and how to use the fire-fighting equi I ~ ~d systems on board. ~:

(b) Fire protection systems have been serviced and properly maintained and thus will be properly closed and remain closed.

(c) Fire doors and other closures will be properly closed and remain closed.

Section 4 - - F i r e a n d Explosion Scenarios.*

B-4.1 In conducting the hazard analysis, the designer is reqvired to consider the impact of several different types of fires or explosion situations. At a minimum, the designer should consider the effect of the novel design or code deviation on fires in the following locations and d~e events inidating them:

(a) Machinery Space Fires: 1. Generator 2. Main engine (including fi~el/lube oil leaks, scavenge spaces,

turbo blowers, and uptakes) 3. Crankcase explosion 4. Switchboard 5. Boiler (fired ,and waste heat, including uptakes) 6 . Bilge area 7. Any other areas wl~ere oil is likely to leak 8. Fan rooms 9. Auxiliary machinery space (refrigeration machinery room) 10. Oil purifier room 11. Workshop 12. Control room

13. Steering gear flat 14. Inert gas plant

(b) Cargo and Ballast Spaces and Associated Areas: 1. Cargo holds (including refrigerated spaces, Ro-Ro decks,

etc•) ° 2. On deck stowage areas (containers) 3. Cargo tanks 4. Cargo manifolds 5. Cargo control room 6. Ballast tanks 7. Pump room 8. Compressor and refrigeration rooms

(c) Passenger Spaces: 1. Passenger staterooms 2. Passenger lounge areas 3. Public areas 4. Dining areas 5. Recreation areas (exercises, theaters, gaming, library, etc.)

(d) Crew Areas: 1. Crew staterooms 2. Crew mess areas 3. Galleys 4. Storage areas 5. Navigating sta~on 6. Other r e c r e ~ e a s 7• Radio rooJff' "!~-

(e) 1. 2.

Fu~

6• " * ~ ' h 6 ~ es 7 "'~ • ~ , o , o ms

~.¢.'.~.~.1.1 In ~ l u a t i n g these fire and explosion scenarios, the , " ~ . . ( , . , s ~ $ u l d consider tile initiating event, the nature and

. ~ . o n of tile fuel and fire loads, the ignition sources, tl, e ~$~2pace~nti lat ion characteristics, the location of occupants, and the %condi t ion of tile structure.

~ g ~ . l . 2 In addition, several fire scenarios can lead to explosions aboard shio. Tile designer, when considering fire scenarios, should evaJuate whether the fire scenario either causes an explosion or creates &e conditions for an explosion to occur. Likewise, many explosion scenarios can lead to fires and the designer should evaluate these scenarios as well•

Section 5 ~ M e t h o d o l o g y .

B-5.1 In order to determine equivalency, a hazard analysis ,and risk assessment methodology should be used.

B-5.1.1 Hazard analysis examines the possible dangerous events associated with an activity (identification of hazards) and looks at the magnitude of the event.

B-5.1.2 Risk assessment assesses the chance of the event occurring, examines the consequences of the event, and determines whether the outcome can be tolerated. If the outcome cannot be tolerated, risk assessment requires that action should be taken to either mitigate the outcome or reduce the likelihood of its occurrence. The frequency of occurrence is based on historical data, operating experience for similar systems and vessels, and expert judgment.

B-5.2 The methodology begins with the identification of a code deviation. Code deviations are as follows:

(a) Differences in vessel function, design, operation, materials, and maintenance from code requirements

(b) Differences in systems design from code requirements

(c) The use of components that are alternatives to those in the code or proposed by the designer for purposes other than those accepted by the code

B-5.g Once the code deviation has been identified, the most important part of the equivalency process takes place: determining the impact of the code deviation on the vessel design and operauon, which systems it has affected, and how the code

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N F P A 301 i A98 R O C (Reprinted f r o m F97 R O P )

deviation (in the case of a system, material, or componen t deviation) has affected the system itself. This step is essential in establishing an equivalency to the code. An example would be the use of an alternative piping material. The designer should de termine whether the melting point of the proposed material is h igher or lower than die standard steel used for piping systems. The designer should also de te rmine whether the pipe is suitable for the system pressures.

B-5.4 Smnple forms tbr using each of the hazard analysis techniques are attached. The designer should select one or more of the hazard analysis techniques, as appropriate, to study tile code deviation. In conduct ing the hazard analysis, die designer should fully unders tand tile vessel and its systems. This includes die physical characteristics o f the vessel :rod the assumptions made in the vessel's function, design, operation, and maintenance, including the standards for which it was designed. In support ing the equivalency proposal, die designer may take advantage of recent testing and research, relevant data from related technical reports and standards, casualty investigation reports, and engineer ing cal cu lations.

B-5.5 The designer should examine several types of fires and explosion scenarios identified above mad the events which should take place for the specific type of fire mad/or explosions to be initiated.

flame propagat ion rates, heat o f combustion, products of combustion, susceptibility to corrosion and vibration, compatibility with o ther materials, etc_

Section 7 - - Hazard Analysis Techniques and Sample Work Forms.

B-7.1 A hazard analysis is a methodical review of a system to predict what and how a failure will affect both the componen t parts as well as the system.

B-7.1.1 The hazard analysis techniques should be conducted by multi-disciplinary teams that have training in the techniques used or by a competen t person such as a certified safety professional, a registered professional engineer (structural, mechanical, or electrical, as appropriate) , certificated mar ine chemist, naval arclf i tect /marine engineer, and crew officers (master and chief engineer) . Familiarity with shipboard systems and arrangements is essential. The qualifications of the person or people conduct ing the hazard analysis should be acceptable to the authority having jurisdict ion.

B-7.2 Techniques for Conduct ing Hazard Analysis.

B-7.2.1 Systems Hazard Analysis. A systems hazard analysis analyzes systems for laazards and potential failures which could result in an inciden..t. By eliminating the failures, potentially

B-5.6 Tile code deviation equivalency is de te rmined by injurious or c a t a s ~ t i c events are minimized. (Seeforra.) conduct ing the hazard analysis and risk assessment and eliminating $~'~ ....... :':z~,~ those conditions where the probability of the event is too great or B-7.2.2 F a i l ~ i ~ . d e s and Effects Analysis (FMEA). A FMEA the consequences of tile event are unacceptable. A direct analyzes s ~ f ~ d s and prioritizes those cridcal failures which comparison with file design requirements provided by the code is may h a v ~ " ~ . j i o u s ~ : . ~ t on tile safety and reliability of a system. It no t required. Once die designer is satisfied that the code deviation identi~?:~..~.~e failui~d~i~.la~.a:lirectiy or indirectly contr ibute meets the acceptance criteria, tile equivalency determinat ion sign'.ItS. ~ . t i ~ b acc iden~. - .~ae FMEA is a tabulation of the failure should be submit ted to die authority having jurisdiction for m..:.~s afi~...:..their effects~:i~a a vessel or vessel system. The failure acceptance. ~'~,. :~es~i.~.~s how the system fails. The effect of the failure

m o c t ~ i ~ e i ' ~ h i n e d by dae system's response to dae failure. The Section 6 I Novel Design Features and Code Deviations. FMEA"t~.~.~..fifies componen t s and their functions, the failure mode

• $'.:::::,. for t h e s e " ~ . ~ ' n e n t s , the failure effect on o ther components and B-6.1 General. Whenever the code does not directly address a ' :~!!:~l . .e whole ~ m , and die corrective action to be taken. (Seeforr~) particular vessel design or arr~mgement, system or component , a ~. " : ~ . . - : . . . . . . .# ' deviation f rom the code has occurred. The items considered as S~ .~-~-~i:.:~¥~.ult Tree Analysis. A fault tree analysis is a deductive dev ating from the code shon d be fully described so that flxe~..~.~:.:. ~!::~-~etho~'used to idendfy die failure and condit ion combinations following applies: ..:.-.j:::::%~: %:whicfi'could result in file occurrence of a def ined critical

.... #" %," " ~ i ~ e s i r e d event. Beginning with a postulated undesired outcome, (a) Tile extent of the deviation can be deternfined..~.~q~iiiiii~i!'..~... ~'~:-~..-.'q~.~:.~... "-$.-. ~.:Jff~ese branched networks of events are logically linked with "and"

- :~ ,.:::::~.:...-.~. .:.,.':=-~-~-..~.::.:.:.:.-..~. ~.-. - . , . . . .

":~"::" "-'~S.'~ and or gates m combmauons necessary to produce the undesi red (b) An analysis o f die degree of s,afety achieved....12~.the p F ~ e d "~*~ .... outcome. These events are presented so that the relationships can

alternative can be made .-~.:::~i:':'.-'.':. ~:!~i~!::, ,:, be visually evaluated. Probabilities may also be assigned, making :~ff:: .... ~ : : . "::~'-" .... dtis method useful in de termining quantitative probability of

(c) The impact on the code required s~:.~..':'.t.'~..ms can be':~{..'.~, r m ~ d occurrence. The probabilities may be expressed in terms of ""::="::!:~!i~!:- %~ Boolean algebra. Fault tree analysis establishes the measures

The intent o f die risk a.gsessment is to de t e r i~ !~ : t he e f f ~ that an having the greatest effect on reducing the probability of occurrence alternative bas on the safety of life, property, ar~i[l~, m ~ ' h e of tile undesi red event. Only one outcome can be analyzed on environment. When ~ deviation is proposed or i d ~ t ~ ' c l , each tree. (See for'ft.) adequate data should be provided to describe wbat~::';different from dae norm and how it affects the safet of the ~sse l and its B-7 2 4 Event Tree Anal is. An event tree anal is is an inductive • , y . . ys . ys . . occupants , me thod used to analyze the pathways leading from the cnucal event

B-6.2 Novel V e s s d Designs. Novel vessel designs are those which incorporate features not considered in die code or which are not permit ted by current code requirements. Examples of dais include vessel types (vessel use / f imct ion, operations, maintenance, or materials not currently addressed in the code), vessel size, new compar tmen t occupancies, number of passengers, compar tmen t fuel loads, propulsion systems, and operational procedures.

B-6.$ Code Deviations - - Systems. System deviations include changes in system operat ing parameters, substitution of systems, file use of extinguishing systems for o ther fllan accepted applications, the use of new extinguishing media, the designation of areas of refitge and evacuation routes, detection systems, the use of acceptance of other than code stmadards for systems.

B-6.3.1 Code Deviations D Components . Componen t deviations include items used for personnel protection, detect ion system sensors, valves, c o m p o n e n t design tolerances, substitution of o ther components , safety components , and die use of standards for components o ther than those addressed by the code.

B-6.$.2 Code Deviations - - Materials. Code deviations of materials include die materials of construction of tile vessel or of materials used in fire protection systems and their relevant properties. These propert ies include softening point (the point at which the materials begin to lose their s trength), me ldng point,

to tile undesired consequence and identify tile barriers in place to prevent this consequence. The outcomes considered are only related to the specific cause being analyzed. (See form.)

11-7,2.5 Hazard and Operabili ty Analysis (HAZOP). HAZOP is an ex tended and more rigorous version of FMEA that includes operational factors as well as equ ipment failure modes. The technique focuses on possible operational abnormali t ies from design conditions using s tandardized guide words to evaluate system consequences for these abnormalities. It requires detailed knowledge of file system involved and all its operational variables. A multi-dlsclplinary team analyzes operat ing aspects of concern by systematically applying guide words as a means of deriving process abnormalit ies for every system design parameter, such as stress level, temperature , flow rate, etc. This enables them to discover how abnormalit ies from die design intent can occur in equipment , action, or material and whether the consequences of these abnormalit ies can result in a hazard. The results of the analysis are the team's findings which include identification of hazards and recommendat ions for changes in design, procedures, etc. to improve tile system. (Seeforr~)

B-7.2.6 Preliminary Hazard Analysis. A preliminary hazard analysis is a qualitative study conducted dur ing the conceptual or early development phase. This me thod of analysis is used to identify the hazardous condit ions and potential failures which are evident or which could develop during operations, to de termine

165


dteir potential effect, and to establish initial design or procedural requirements to eliminate or control tllese conditions and

~ otential accidents. Tltis medlod examines file subsystem or ruction, die mode, die hazardous elements, the event cansing a

hazardous condition, die hazardous condition, die potential accident, the effect of riffs accident, die hazard classification of the accident, and suitable prevention measures. The primary purpose of die preliminary hazard analysis is to develop a data bank of safety design requirements for a given system. It serves to verify die practicability, from a hazard control aspect, of die design concept and is useful for follow-up to ensure that all hazard conditions recognized at earlier stages are eliminated or controlled to an accept.able level. (See form.)

17,-7.2.7 What-lf Study. Tbe what-if method of analysis uses cbecklists and operational or process flow charts (and diagrams) to consider events that may deviate from file expected response. They can include system fault, component f;dlures, env, ronmental effects, personnel behavior, and any number of conceivable sitnations. The objective in raising these questions is to challenge each system component and each operational ,aspect m~d force analysts to address die sitnation and formulate a reply. What-if ,analysis analyzes die consequences and develops alternatives. It is the most versatile mad least structured of all die methods. (See

working temperature, flow rates, performance standards (e.g., optical density for a detection system), discharge rates, etc.].

B-9.2 Vessel/System Design and Operation Assumptions. This section includes the following:

(a) Relevant safety requirements

(b) Projected hazards and safeguards

(c) Assumed fire-fighting equipment

(d) The minimum number of crewmembers fllat should be available

(e) The maximum nnmber of passengers allowed

(0 Restrictions on die nature of die cargoes to be carried

(g) The expected duration between ports

(b) The level of operating experience on odler similar vessels, etc.

form.) (i) Vessel test, maintenance, and operating procedures required to be used

B-7.2.8 Criticality Analysis. A criticality analysis ewaluates file danlage potential of faulty or defective components and This section a l s~ -~ompasses training required and information subassemblies ,as a fimction of tbeir probability of failure and its to be provided:::,~..'~:tile':~erator on vessel and system performance. impact on the integrity of the system or sitccessful atmimnent of the ¢.:~-'.:?~, desired goals. It is an ordering or prioritizing teclmique that B-9.3 V e s s ~ S ~ . Operating Conditions, A clear distinction provides guidance in determining items tllat require primary should b:$.,:!~e b~:.e. .p various likely operational phases which attention. Often die procedures are incorporated into FMEA the ve~ i~ . i~ '~ t enc~.'~.'~$L..~ong widl flleir "connected activities." studies. Its results are useful, not only in identifying components Coq.ffi~:i~te d -2~tivities a r ~ : ~ s e taking place during tile operational requiring more intensive study, but also in identifying those items p [ . ~ w h ~ affect die ~ e l . An example is when shoreside, that should be closely monitored or specially protected during .~i'~i-'~xl ~ . o . operations occur while a vessel is loading at dae manufacturing or throughout tbeir nseflfl life. (See form.) t e r 1 1 ~ ] i ~ " c ~ " Each of diese pbases may have different or similar

bazard~! .condi t ions tllat sbould be considered during die 11-7.2.9 Other Recognized Methodologies. Other risk assessment .::<~::::,... e v a l u a t i o ' i ~ s e different machinery systems, or subsystems may med~odologles acceptable to the authority bavmg.lurlsdicUon may ~i~i~.t.?.:..e.,.m o p e r a ~ , or die hazards and sources of igmtaon may have be used in determining equivalencies. ( See form.) % ""~"~ .g .d . ; ~ a m p l e s of dlese phases of operation include but are

-ii~:.'-. ~ S / ' l ~ . ~ to die following: S e c t i o n 8 ~ Selection of Hazard Analysis Technique. ,:.::::i:i:i:::-, :~iii:#:" .~.~!::

.-'.:#"'~%.':':~!~ !i!-5: (a) "Passenger/cargo loading and unloading B-8.1 HAZOP Analysis may only be used for a true pr~:~ss, k':'i|~' ~'::':...::~?.-." valid for different levels of examination ranging fro r~....~.~.z...ept\.t.~i.*.~::,... "~!i~:.(.:'~-."~::~b) Underway at full-load draft detail design. '" "::~ii!!!~!::.,:~.::: ..... "~'~i~ii::::#"

.......... "::~:-~::~?::.. "::':;:':~:" (c) Underway at ballast draft !1-8.2 Tile preliminary hazard ar, alysis may o!#;~fi~::i~..~...! in "%i~:-.::.-,.~.s.::. conjunction widl other metllods of risk :tss.%#iner~t. "::iii!iiiii~ii..-i:: "%i!~ii- ~:' (d) Ancbored

B-8.3 The failure mode and effects anal-~i-Ci~;!:~lsefid onl~i-~.4br looking at hardware issues from die demiled":~l.. ::......~onent...:::..'[~vel upo

'::i::':!::::-'.-. .-:::"

B-8.4 The existing hazard identification metbod~]~[.~.'~'~re not suitable for identifying multiple combination even~i~.{~'lcluding common mode effects (dependencies between sys~i~ms, components and operators).

B-8.5 To determine the best analysis type for a given situadon, the designer should consider the following:

(a) How much and what quality of information is available

(b) How much information is already known

(c) How much time is available before decisions should be made

(d) How many people are available to ,assist in die analysis

Section 9 ~ Inputs to Hazard Analysis.

(e) Fueling

(f) Operating on different routes

(g) Carriage of different cargoes

(h) Tank cleaning

The operating phases should identify normal and emergency procedures.

B-9.4 Sources of Information and Input. The inputs to die hazard analysis discussed below may be used by file designer to support file selection of file factors for the ignition potential, die fire growtb/explosion bazard potential, and file consequence of event.

11-9.4.1 Databases and Standards. The designer may use databases acceptable to file authority havlngjurisdiction, tedmlcal publications, regulations, codes, and design standards in developing die proposed equivalency determination.

11-9.4.2 Testing and Research Results. Tile designer may use the results of applicable researcb or testing to sbow the approach selected is appropriate and fllat d'm analysis is reasonable.

B-9.4.$ Casualty Investigations. Tile designer may use die facts, conchtsions, and recommendations of casualty investigations acceptable to die audlority having jurisdiction to support the risk assessmenL

11-9.1 Vessel Physical Data. The designer should present a description of tbe vessel - - including die vessel type, dimensions, general arrangement, and type of propulsion - - ,as part of die equivalency proposal submittal. The designer should have access to the necessary plans including the following: general arrangement, structure, structural fire protection, piping, electrical, and ventilation.

For a system deviation, file designer should include a description of the system and its subsystems, including a history of performance, components, and operational characteristics [such as maximum ,allowable working pressure, maximum allowable

B-9.4.4 Engineering Calculations. Tile designer may use calculations based on established principles of engineering to support the risk assessment.

166

N F P A 301 - - A98 R O C (Repr in ted f r o m F97 R O P )

Section 10 - - Hazard Analysis.

B-10,1 The hazard analysis is to be carried out using one of die techniques described in Section 5 above.

B-10.2 Corrective Mea.~ures. Where the likelihood of fire ignition, fire growdl potential, or die consequences of a fire are too great, the designer should re-examine rite design. The designer can modify the deviation (i.e., lower dae system pressure, increase die system flow rate, etc.). Alternatively, die designer should institute odaer measures to eliminate the hazard or to control the hazard and its consequences. These include hardware-based measures, procedure-based measures, and dae increased reliability of systems. Hardware measures include extra equipment ,and revised material specifications, active systems (such as control systems), passive systems (such as containment systems), and refilge areas. Procedure-based medlods include management arrangements, work methods, and operating procedures. System reliability can be increased through redund:mcy of systems, ff redundant systems are used to increase reliability, tile designer should verify dlat redundant systems will not be made inoperable by die same cattse of failure (e.g., an additional fire pump whose power is supplied by fl~e same source ,as fl~e primary fire pumps). The designer shonld also make clear to the operator flint redundant systems cannot be compromised by poor maintenance practices. Another means of increasing system reliability is darough die diversity of systems, that is, ensuring die same cause of failure will not affect ,'d temative systems.

11-10.3 Verification by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The authority having jurisdiction is responsible for reviewing the submittal by dae designer, The audaority having jurisdiction is responsible for insuring dae procedures outlined in this appendix have been carried out by dae designer. The responsibility for file accuracy of dae submittal and dae assnmptions made rests with die designer.

Section 11 - - Documentat ion of Equivalence.

B-II .I As noted earlier, one of the purposes of dfis appendix is to provide a me,'ms of facilitating incorporation of new technology into NFPA 301. When an audlority having jurisdiction makes file determination of equivalence, die audlority should convey..fl:.~::.:.. determination to die committee so flint it may be consld~ff':~iiii[: future revisions of this standard as an accepted prescri~i.~,e me~':'s of providing adequate fire safety. ..:~:~."-':~i~::, ::i.'%::.'.::.:.

B-I 1.2 The authority having jurisdiction should coxlvey tl{~!iii~::. determination of equivalency using die sampl~!-J~::.~'igu'i~'!!.:.'.,, .~

..::::.. • .q:.:::::::: f:~ ===================== B - ] 1 . ~ . ..::::- ~.:::::::::::..::. ".:::::::~."

"%i"::" ~s'-:

Figure B-II.2 DOCUMENTATION OF EQUIVALENCY (NFPA Form XXX-96)

From: (Authority Having Jurisdiction)

To: NFPA 301 Committee Staff Liaison

1. Submitter Information

Name Address

Phone Number Fax Number

2. Description of Novel Design or Code Deviation

3. References tO.::~..¢. Sections Addressed in Equivalency Proposal

4. len cy Accepted

)tance of Equivalency

Users Guide

Signature of Authorized Official Printed Name and Title of Aufllorized Official

Fundamental requirements applicable to all vessels are found in Chapters 1 dlrough 7. These fundamental requirements are modified as applicable for any type of space in Chapters 8 tlirough 16. Tile requirements in (~aapters 8 d,rough 16 only apply witbiu die respective space. The requirements in Chapters 1 through 16 are modified as appropriate for any given vessel type in Chapters 18 d,rough 19.

Example: For Passenger Vessels Chapters 1 through 16 and Chapter 19 would apply.

167

NFPA 301 - - A98 R O C (Reprinted f r o m F97 ROP)

Appendix C Referenced Publications

C-1 The following documents or pordons thereof are referenced widfin dfis code for information',d purposes only and ,are dins not considered par t of the requirements of this code unless also listed in Chapter 20. The edition indicated here for each reference is the current edition as of the date of the NFPA issnance of this code.

GI.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.

NFPA 45, Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals, 1996 edition.

NFPA 92A, Recommended Practice for Smoke-Control Systems, 1996 edition.

NFPA 92B, Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and Large Areas, 1995 edition.

NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Facilities, 1996 edition.

NFPA 101, Life SafeO Code, 1997 edition.

NFPA 496, Standard for Purged and Pressurized Enclosures for Electrical Equipment, 1995 edition.

C-1.2 Other Publications.

C-1.2.1 ABS Publication. American Burean of Shipping, 2 World Tr,'~le Center, 106th Floor, New York, NY 10048.

Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, Part 4.

C-1.2.2 ASHRAE Publication. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle N.E., Atlanta, GA 50329-2305.

The American Sode~ of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers Design Guidelines.

C-1,2.3 ASTM Publication. American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA,:~g..8- 2959• .:::;'U""'*::~.::i.::

C-1.2.4 Compressed Gas Associat ion Publication.

Grade E Standard & Air Test Criteria

C-1.2.5 CSA Publication. Canadian Standards Association, 178 Rexdale Blvd., Ontario, Canada, M9W IR3.

C.SA TP127

13-1.2.6 IMO Publication.

IMO International Code of Safe~3 for High Speed Craft, 1.4.10

C-1.2.7 NAVSEA Publication.

NA VSEA Technical Manual 0938-LP-018-0010; Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Design Criteria Manual for Surface Ships of the U.S. Navy.

C-1.2.8 SNAME Publication.

The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers Technical and Research Bulletin No. 4-16

C-1.2.9 SOLAS Publication.

SOLAS IX-2, Regu~tion 15.

G-1.2.10 U.S. .~ .~ '~ 'e~nt Publication. U.S. Government Printing Office, W a s h ~ D C 20402.

• ~ "~.:~?.:.. . Title 4fg. ~ e of F~lRezulaUons, Parts 111,146, 147, and 194.

• ~..:..:.-. ~. "~4-::-!~ ... .J-q:" "" +:':~, "~ ~'~:-'.::~. ~4"~ C-I:...~'.'t'I .Fd~eral Water ~ t , on Control Act Sectwn 311(b)

~'-.:::. %: ~.. • ~'"i]~'~2 ~ . . . a rdo~ Material Transportation Control Act Section 104

ASTM F 1005, Standard Practice for HVAC Duct Sh Identification and Description of Design Configuration,

168

tel · 2016-03-11 · X.I.1 Decks and Floors. Heating cables or panels may be installed in floors or decks provided they are encased in mortar, or concrete or installed in suitable

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