Technology Transfer Roll No.18,10

ECHNOLOGY RANSFER T

JAITESH SINGH (10)

RUHI GUPTA(18)

INTRODUCTION

It is a process which is mainly concerned with the transfer of technology from the research areas to the “Production and Quality Assurance” environment .

The Process by which existing knowledge , facilities or capabilities developed under R & D funding are utilized to fulfill public and private need.

“Technology Transfer” includes a range of formal & informal cooperation between technology developers and technology seekers.

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Varied Roles

IDEA

Research

Development

Production

Manufacturing

Distribution

Start-upFirms

R & DFirms

LargerCompanies

Universities

ResearchInstitutes

MARKET

Ways “Technology” is Transferred

Consulting

Graduating students (“moving heads”)

Faculty moving on (“moving heads”)

Collaborative research

Patenting and licensing

Service and outreach (“extension”)

Spin-off companies

Technology Transfer Agents

R&D Units• Universities• Public Research Centers• Technology Institutes(institutions, labs etc)

Companies• Supplier of technologyand R&D to third parties• Spin-off, start-ups• Large R&D department• Competitors, suppliers…(technological alliances)

TYPES OF TECHNOLOGY

1) EMERGING TECHNOLOGY- is an innovative technology that currently is undergoing bench scale testing, in which a small version of the technology is tested in a laboratory.

2) INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY- is a technology that has been field tested and applied to a hazardous waste problem at a site, but lack a long history of full-scale use.

3) ESTABLISHED TECHNOLOGY- is a technology for which cost and performance information is readily only after a technology has been used at many different sites and the result fully documented is that technology considered established.

APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY

Technology that suits one country may not be suitable to other countries. As such the countries develop appropriate technologies which suit their topographical conditions, climatic conditions ,soil conditions ,conditions of infrastructure ,etc.

FOR EXAMPLE Japanese automobile industry and Korean automobile industry design different types of cars which suit the Indian roads.

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CONSTITUENTS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROCESS

Technology Transfer Technology Promotion Technology Deployment Technology innovation Technology Development Technology Research Technology AssessmentTechnology Information and Communication Technology Investment Technology Collaboration Technology Commercialization

PROMOTION

INNOVATION

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

ASSESSMENTINFORMATION &

COMMUNICATION

INVESTMENT

COLLABORATION

COMMERCIALIZATION

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROCESS

Proper Research

Paper work

Pricing

Publicity

Partnership

People’s

Acceptance

CONTENT OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

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Proper Research – By proper research we mean firstly that in which the result are reproducible and issues such as scale up, stability etc and other practical now has been addressed, also that in which problem were taken up in first place.

Proper work- This refer to institutional and guidelines regarding IP Protection licensing modalities etc. which must be in place beforehand. In the absence of these, decision get delayed, lack of fairness in decision e.g. case of X institute, which came up with good technology but since no guidance were there, kept running around for two years and then gave up.

Pricing – most difficult and critical area of Transfer of technology. - Too high price can put off buyer, leaving the technology unsold. - Too price a result in revenue loss. - There are basically two model regarding pricing1) Price charged for a technology should depend upon

market force i.e. impact of the technology irrespective of amount spent on developing it.

2) Price charged should include all expenses involved in developing it.

Publicity – It is important to identify and then approach buyer i.e. adopt targeted Publicity and not blanket publicity. Specific journal, website, letters to manufacturer, personal selective visit etc. are some common approach which help in locating buyer.

Partnership – this means working along with industry. Industry takes it up, manufacturer and makes available to society. Partnership are important to ensure your technology is successfully adopted simply conveying the details may not be sufficient.

People’s Acceptance – It is no use trying to develop a technology which people will not accept e.g. due to religious reason/social concern etc. genetically modified food, irradiated vegetables processed beef in India, improved capsule made of non-vegetarian material.

LIST OF INSTITUTE IN INDIA ASSISSTING IN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

Asia pacific centre for Transfer of technology ( APCTT) Technology Bureau for small enterprises ( TBSE)

National Research & Development Corporation

Foundation for Innovation and Technology Transfer

Process technologist

• central focus for transfer activities• collates documentation from donor site• perform initial assessment of transferred project for a) feasibility b) compatibility with site capabilities c) establishes resource requirements

Representative Review documentation to determine compliance with Marketing authorization (MA) Review analytical methods with QC to determine capability, equipment training requirements.Initiate conversion of donor site documentation into local system/formatInitiate or confirm regulatory requirement, e.g. change to manufacturing license , variations to MA if process changes needed, etc.

Proposed Team Member and Their Responsibilities

Production representative

Review process instructions (with process technologist) to confirm capacity/ capability Considers any safety implication e.g. solvents, toxic, sanitizing materialsConsider impact on local standard operating procedures (SOPs)Consider training requirement of supervisors/ operator

Engineering representative

Review (with production representative) equipment requirement Initiate required engineering modification/ change/ part purchase.Review preventative maintenance/ calibration impact, e.g. use of more aggressive ingredients: more temperature sensitive process, and modifies accordingly.

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1) Coordinate- Coordinating between technology users and developer, between researcher and manufacturers is important element of technology transfer.

2) Nurture- A main ingredient for moving technology from a research laboratory to a new business enterprises successfully in an environment that is supportive for entrepreneurship.

3) LINK- Cataloging resources related to business enterprises & connecting would be entrepreneurship / researcher and other

technology developers to outside group & organization which can help in the process of starting new product, companies etc.

such linkage provide referrals for individual business counseling, sources of financing.

FUNCTION OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TEAM

FACTOR AFFECTING TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

TIPS Method ( Technology implementation Potential for Success)

Communication Factor TIPS

Financial Factor TIPS

External Factor TIPS

Human Factor TIPS

Corporate Factor TIPS

Technology Factor TIPS

Production master formula

Manufacturing instruction

Dispensing instruction

Analytical methods

Previous process validation

Stability reports

Exicipient specification and source

Active specification and source

TECNOLOGY TRANSFERCHECKLIST

Primary packaging material specification and source

Packaging instruction

Customer complaints

Process deviation file

Analytical deviation file

Reject /Rework file

Specimen manufacturing batch record

Specimen Cartons, Labels, Leaflets

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EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

CHINA

L – Phenyl alanineBy enzyme method

(Ref : APC – 4041 – TOF)

# Chinese company offer technology for the production of L- Phenyl alanine by the enzyme method.

Area of Application # Food industryAdvantage- Low input Advanced process No environmental contamination Clear production

Stage of development commercialized

Economic data Total project cost 4 million Equipment 1.38million

Transfer form Known how, consultancy, equipment, training

Target country world wide

Language English

A Novel, Non-infringing Process for the manufacture of levobupivacaine

NIPER, mohali offer a non-infringing process for the manufacturer of an improved widely used local anesthetic, levobupivacaine.

The process uses a chiral catalyst for asymmetric synthesis of the product.

Area of Application Local anesthetic product widely used in hospital in surgical procedure.

Advantage of technology Uses easily available raw material Faster compared to existing process as no resolution involved. Cheaper as use of expensive resolving agent is altogether eliminated Non-infringing new processStage of Development Process at laboratory scale Scale up to be done Facilities for scale up exist at institute ( pilot plant available)

Economic Data Product name – Chirocane, ( approved clinically) No manufacturer in India till date Transfer form Technology licensing and Known how

PROBLEM IN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

India pushes for tech. transfer at Durban climate talksIndia has proposed that the climate talks in Durban should be refocused onto technology transfer, equity and trade barriers.According to the Delhi-based non-governmental organization Centre for Science and Environment, proposals were made at the UN Climate Change Conference in Cancun, Mexico, last year, to set up a technology executive committee and a climate technology centre and network.But the final agreement does not mention intellectual property rights, “ which means patented technologies cannot be accessed“.

Manufacturer of Pharmaceutical Raw Materials, 

Pharmacopoeial Fine Chemicals,

Active Nutraceuticals,

Laboratory Reagents (Bulk)   

(LR /AR/ ACS/FCC)

Nutraceuticals

Pharmacopoeial Fine Chemicals

EDTA Fine Chemicals

Phosphates Fine Chemicals

Azithromycin APIs

Sorbic Acid & Potassium Sorbate

Potassium Phthalimide

Citrate Fine Chemicals

Inositol & Inositol Nicotinate

TECHNOLOGIES TRANSFER  :  Bimal pharma PVT. Ltd. A team of technically highly qualified technocrats in the pharmaceutical field, having experience of manufacturing of API, intermediates, pharma fine chemicals and pharma formulations, for more than 25 years,  they offer complete “turn-key” project services including detailed engineering, complete demonstration of manufacturing processes of all apis; intermediates for apis; pharma fine chemicals and pharma formulations.   They are also experts in supplying the best quality intermediates / penultimate stages, along with technologies to make final apis to suit your US FDA / WHO-GMP approved manufacturing units for different countries.

hank you…

T