© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1 Technology In Action Chapter 5 Technology In Action Technology In Action Chapter 5 Chapter 5 Using System Software: The Operating Using System Software: The Operating System, Utility Programs, and File System, Utility Programs, and File Management Management NEXT SLIDE
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© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
1
Technology In Action Chapter 5
Technology In ActionTechnology In ActionTechnology In ActionTechnology In Action
Chapter 5Chapter 5
Using System Software: The Operating Using System Software: The Operating System, Utility Programs, and File System, Utility Programs, and File
ManagementManagement
Chapter 5Chapter 5
Using System Software: The Operating Using System Software: The Operating System, Utility Programs, and File System, Utility Programs, and File
ManagementManagement
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© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
SoftwareSoftwareSoftwareSoftware
• Application softwareApplication software• System softwareSystem software
– Operating systemOperating system– Utility programsUtility programs
• Application softwareApplication software• System softwareSystem software
– Operating systemOperating system– Utility programsUtility programs
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
System SoftwareSystem SoftwareSystem SoftwareSystem Software
Operating systemsOperating systems• Control computer Control computer
functions:functions:– Hardware Hardware – Memory Memory – Application programsApplication programs– System maintenanceSystem maintenance
• Provide user interfaceProvide user interface
System utilitiesSystem utilities• Programs that perform Programs that perform
computer computer housekeeping tasks:housekeeping tasks:– Manage system resourcesManage system resources– Improve efficiencyImprove efficiency– Virus preventionVirus prevention
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Operating System CategoriesOperating System CategoriesOperating System CategoriesOperating System Categories• Four categories:Four categories:
– Real-Time (RTOS): Real-Time (RTOS): specific purpose & certain resultspecific purpose & certain resultExample: QNX 4 and LynxExample: QNX 4 and Lynx
– Single-User, Single-TaskSingle-User, Single-TaskOne task at one timeOne task at one timePDAs, palm OS, Pocket PC, MS-DOSPDAs, palm OS, Pocket PC, MS-DOS
– Single-User, MultitaskSingle-User, MultitaskSimultaneous tasksSimultaneous tasksWindows, MAC OS, LinuxWindows, MAC OS, Linux
– Multi-userMulti-userNetwork osNetwork osUnix, Novell netware, windows server 2003Unix, Novell netware, windows server 2003
• Four categories:Four categories:– Real-Time (RTOS): Real-Time (RTOS):
specific purpose & certain resultspecific purpose & certain resultExample: QNX 4 and LynxExample: QNX 4 and Lynx
– Single-User, Single-TaskSingle-User, Single-TaskOne task at one timeOne task at one timePDAs, palm OS, Pocket PC, MS-DOSPDAs, palm OS, Pocket PC, MS-DOS
– Single-User, MultitaskSingle-User, MultitaskSimultaneous tasksSimultaneous tasksWindows, MAC OS, LinuxWindows, MAC OS, Linux
– Multi-userMulti-userNetwork osNetwork osUnix, Novell netware, windows server 2003Unix, Novell netware, windows server 2003
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
What OS do they have?What OS do they have?What OS do they have?What OS do they have?
• MP3 playerMP3 player• Apple PowerBookApple PowerBook• Home networkHome network• Digital video cameraDigital video camera• Cell phoneCell phone
• MP3 playerMP3 player• Apple PowerBookApple PowerBook• Home networkHome network• Digital video cameraDigital video camera• Cell phoneCell phone
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Desktop Operating SystemsDesktop Operating SystemsDesktop Operating SystemsDesktop Operating Systems
• Operating system combined with the Operating system combined with the processor is known as a platformprocessor is known as a platform– Microsoft Windows / IntelMicrosoft Windows / Intel– Apple Macintosh / MotorolaApple Macintosh / Motorola
• Desktop operating systems include:Desktop operating systems include:– Microsoft WindowsMicrosoft Windows– MAC OSMAC OS– UNIXUNIX– LinuxLinux
• Operating system combined with the Operating system combined with the processor is known as a platformprocessor is known as a platform– Microsoft Windows / IntelMicrosoft Windows / Intel– Apple Macintosh / MotorolaApple Macintosh / Motorola
• Desktop operating systems include:Desktop operating systems include:– Microsoft WindowsMicrosoft Windows– MAC OSMAC OS– UNIXUNIX– LinuxLinux
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Microsoft Windows & Mac OSMicrosoft Windows & Mac OSMicrosoft Windows & Mac OSMicrosoft Windows & Mac OS
• WIndowsWIndows– Generally work with Intel processorsGenerally work with Intel processors– Windows 95 introduce “Plug and Play”Windows 95 introduce “Plug and Play”
• Mac OSMac OS– First OS with “point-and-click” user interfaceFirst OS with “point-and-click” user interface– Excels in:Excels in:
Graphics displayGraphics displayProcessing capabilitiesProcessing capabilitiesSystem reliabilitySystem reliabilityDocument recoveryDocument recovery
– Price/fewer applicationsPrice/fewer applications
• WIndowsWIndows– Generally work with Intel processorsGenerally work with Intel processors– Windows 95 introduce “Plug and Play”Windows 95 introduce “Plug and Play”
• Mac OSMac OS– First OS with “point-and-click” user interfaceFirst OS with “point-and-click” user interface– Excels in:Excels in:
Graphics displayGraphics displayProcessing capabilitiesProcessing capabilitiesSystem reliabilitySystem reliabilityDocument recoveryDocument recovery
– Price/fewer applicationsPrice/fewer applications
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
UNIX & LINUXUNIX & LINUXUNIX & LINUXUNIX & LINUX
• UNIXUNIX– Multi-user, multitask operating systemMulti-user, multitask operating system– Used primarily with mainframesUsed primarily with mainframes
• LinuxLinux– Open-source OSOpen-source OS– Based on UNIXBased on UNIX– FreeFree– stablestable
• UNIXUNIX– Multi-user, multitask operating systemMulti-user, multitask operating system– Used primarily with mainframesUsed primarily with mainframes
• LinuxLinux– Open-source OSOpen-source OS– Based on UNIXBased on UNIX– FreeFree– stablestable
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
What the Operating System DoesWhat the Operating System DoesWhat the Operating System DoesWhat the Operating System Does
• Provides user interfaceProvides user interface– Command-driven interfaceCommand-driven interface– Menu-driven interfaceMenu-driven interface– Graphical user interfaceGraphical user interface
• Manages the CPUManages the CPU– Controls the timing of events the processor works onControls the timing of events the processor works on– EventEvent– Interrupt / interrupt handler / interrupt tableInterrupt / interrupt handler / interrupt table
• Provides user interfaceProvides user interface– Command-driven interfaceCommand-driven interface– Menu-driven interfaceMenu-driven interface– Graphical user interfaceGraphical user interface
• Manages the CPUManages the CPU– Controls the timing of events the processor works onControls the timing of events the processor works on– EventEvent– Interrupt / interrupt handler / interrupt tableInterrupt / interrupt handler / interrupt table
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
What the Operating System DoesWhat the Operating System DoesWhat the Operating System DoesWhat the Operating System Does
• Manages memoryManages memory– RAMRAM– Virtual memory (hard drive)Virtual memory (hard drive)– Swap file, paging, thrashingSwap file, paging, thrashing
• Manages hardwareManages hardware– Device driverDevice driver– Plug and play (PnP)Plug and play (PnP)
• Coordinates application software with the Coordinates application software with the CPUCPU– Application programming interfaces (API)Application programming interfaces (API)
• Manages memoryManages memory– RAMRAM– Virtual memory (hard drive)Virtual memory (hard drive)– Swap file, paging, thrashingSwap file, paging, thrashing
• Manages hardwareManages hardware– Device driverDevice driver– Plug and play (PnP)Plug and play (PnP)
• Coordinates application software with the Coordinates application software with the CPUCPU– Application programming interfaces (API)Application programming interfaces (API)
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Starting the ComputerStarting the ComputerStarting the ComputerStarting the Computer
The boot processThe boot process• Step 1:Step 1: The basic The basic
input/output system input/output system (BIOS) is activated(BIOS) is activated
• Step 2:Step 2: A Power-on- A Power-on-self-test (POST) checks self-test (POST) checks attached hardwareattached hardware
• Step 3:Step 3: The operating The operating system loads into system loads into memorymemory
• Step 4:Step 4: Configuration Configuration and customization and customization settings are checkedsettings are checked
The boot processThe boot process• Step 1:Step 1: The basic The basic
input/output system input/output system (BIOS) is activated(BIOS) is activated
• Step 2:Step 2: A Power-on- A Power-on-self-test (POST) checks self-test (POST) checks attached hardwareattached hardware
• Step 3:Step 3: The operating The operating system loads into system loads into memorymemory
• Step 4:Step 4: Configuration Configuration and customization and customization settings are checkedsettings are checked
1
2
3
4
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Handling Errors in the Boot Handling Errors in the Boot ProcessProcess
Handling Errors in the Boot Handling Errors in the Boot ProcessProcess
• Non-system disk or disk errorNon-system disk or disk error– Remove the floppy from the drive and Remove the floppy from the drive and
press any keypress any key
• POST errorsPOST errors– Single beep: Everything is loading Single beep: Everything is loading
properlyproperly– Series of beeps: Hardware problemSeries of beeps: Hardware problem
• Safe modeSafe mode– Windows does not boot properlyWindows does not boot properly– Uninstall any new devices or softwareUninstall any new devices or software
• Non-system disk or disk errorNon-system disk or disk error– Remove the floppy from the drive and Remove the floppy from the drive and
press any keypress any key
• POST errorsPOST errors– Single beep: Everything is loading Single beep: Everything is loading
properlyproperly– Series of beeps: Hardware problemSeries of beeps: Hardware problem
• Safe modeSafe mode– Windows does not boot properlyWindows does not boot properly– Uninstall any new devices or softwareUninstall any new devices or software
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
DesktopDesktopDesktopDesktop
• WindowsWindows– ToolbarsToolbars– ScrollbarsScrollbars– control buttonscontrol buttons
• IconsIcons• Start menuStart menu• ……
• WindowsWindows– ToolbarsToolbars– ScrollbarsScrollbars– control buttonscontrol buttons
• IconsIcons• Start menuStart menu• ……
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
File ManagementFile ManagementFile ManagementFile Management
• The operating system provides an The operating system provides an organizational structure to the computer’s organizational structure to the computer’s contentscontents
• Hierarchical structure of directories:Hierarchical structure of directories:– DrivesDrives
FoldersFoldersSubfolders
» Files
• The operating system provides an The operating system provides an organizational structure to the computer’s organizational structure to the computer’s contentscontents
• Hierarchical structure of directories:Hierarchical structure of directories:– DrivesDrives
FoldersFoldersSubfolders
» Files
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Viewing and Sorting Files and Viewing and Sorting Files and FoldersFolders
Viewing and Sorting Files and Viewing and Sorting Files and FoldersFolders
• Windows Explorer Windows Explorer views:views:– ThumbnailsThumbnails– TilesTiles– IconIcon– ListList– Details Details – Sorted and groupedSorted and grouped
• Windows Explorer Windows Explorer views:views:– ThumbnailsThumbnails– TilesTiles– IconIcon– ListList– Details Details – Sorted and groupedSorted and grouped
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
C: Tech in Action\TIA Pics\\My Documents\ dotmatrix.gif
Drive Primary folder
Secondary folders
Filename
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Naming FilesNaming FilesNaming FilesNaming Files• Filename:Filename:
– Name assigned Name assigned plus filename plus filename extensionextension
• Filename Filename extensions:extensions:– Used by Used by
programsprograms
• File path:File path:– Location of the Location of the
filefile
• Filename:Filename:– Name assigned Name assigned
plus filename plus filename extensionextension
• Filename Filename extensions:extensions:– Used by Used by
programsprograms
• File path:File path:– Location of the Location of the
filefile
Bioreport.doc
or
Bio report.doc
ExtensioExtension n
Type of Type of DocumentDocument
Application Application
.doc.doc Word processing Word processing documentdocument
Microsoft Word; Microsoft Word; Corel Word Corel Word PerfectPerfect
.xls.xls WorkbookWorkbook Microsoft ExcelMicrosoft Excel
.ppt.ppt PowerPoint PowerPoint presentationpresentation
Microsoft Microsoft PowerPointPowerPoint
.mdb.mdb DatabaseDatabase Microsoft AccessMicrosoft Access
.bmp.bmp Bitmap imageBitmap image WindowsWindows
.zip.zip Compressed fileCompressed file WinZipWinZip
.pdf.pdf Portable Portable Document FormatDocument Format
Adobe AcrobatAdobe Acrobat
.htm .htm or .htmlor .html
Web pageWeb page Hypertext Hypertext Markup Markup LanguageLanguage
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
ExampleExampleExampleExample
Your Computer
Drive A: Floppy Drive C: Hard Disk Drive F: Network
My Documents My Pictures
Classes
Personal
Computer Concepts
Chap5.doc
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Working with FilesWorking with FilesWorking with FilesWorking with Files
• File management actions:File management actions:– OpenOpen– CopyCopy– MoveMove– RenameRename– DeleteDelete
• Recycle binRecycle bin
• File management actions:File management actions:– OpenOpen– CopyCopy– MoveMove– RenameRename– DeleteDelete
• Recycle binRecycle bin
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Utility ProgramsUtility ProgramsUtility ProgramsUtility Programs
• Small application programs that perform Small application programs that perform special functions:special functions:– Manage system resourcesManage system resources– Create pleasant environmentCreate pleasant environment– Improve efficiencyImprove efficiency
• Small application programs that perform Small application programs that perform special functions:special functions:– Manage system resourcesManage system resources– Create pleasant environmentCreate pleasant environment– Improve efficiencyImprove efficiency
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Display UtilitiesDisplay UtilitiesDisplay UtilitiesDisplay Utilities
• Change the appearance of:Change the appearance of:– DesktopDesktop– Windows colorsWindows colors– Font sizesFont sizes– Screen saversScreen savers– Screen resolutionScreen resolution
• Change the appearance of:Change the appearance of:– DesktopDesktop– Windows colorsWindows colors– Font sizesFont sizes– Screen saversScreen savers– Screen resolutionScreen resolution
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Add or Remove ProgramsAdd or Remove ProgramsAdd or Remove ProgramsAdd or Remove Programs
• Installation wizardInstallation wizard• Uninstall wizard:Uninstall wizard:
– Do not delete programsDo not delete programs
• Installation wizardInstallation wizard• Uninstall wizard:Uninstall wizard:
– Do not delete programsDo not delete programs
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
File Compression ProgramsFile Compression ProgramsFile Compression ProgramsFile Compression Programs
• Reduce the size of a file:Reduce the size of a file:– Removes redundanciesRemoves redundancies
• Reduce the size of a file:Reduce the size of a file:– Removes redundanciesRemoves redundancies
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
System Maintenance UtilitiesSystem Maintenance UtilitiesSystem Maintenance UtilitiesSystem Maintenance Utilities
• Disk cleanupDisk cleanup• Disk defragmenterDisk defragmenter• ScanDisk:ScanDisk:
– Error checkerError checker
• Task managerTask manager
• Disk cleanupDisk cleanup• Disk defragmenterDisk defragmenter• ScanDisk:ScanDisk:
– Error checkerError checker
• Task managerTask manager
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
System Restore and BackupSystem Restore and BackupSystem Restore and BackupSystem Restore and Backup
• System Restore:System Restore:– Restores the system Restores the system
settings back to a settings back to a specific datespecific date
• Backup:Backup:– Creates a copy of the Creates a copy of the
hard drive to another hard drive to another storage devicestorage device
• System Restore:System Restore:– Restores the system Restores the system
settings back to a settings back to a specific datespecific date
• Backup:Backup:– Creates a copy of the Creates a copy of the
hard drive to another hard drive to another storage devicestorage device
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Accessibility UtilitiesAccessibility UtilitiesAccessibility UtilitiesAccessibility Utilities
• Utility manager:Utility manager:– Magnify screen imageMagnify screen image– Screen contents narrationScreen contents narration– On-screen keyboardOn-screen keyboard
• Utility manager:Utility manager:– Magnify screen imageMagnify screen image– Screen contents narrationScreen contents narration– On-screen keyboardOn-screen keyboard
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Technology In Action Chapter 5
Chapter 5 Summary QuestionsChapter 5 Summary QuestionsChapter 5 Summary QuestionsChapter 5 Summary Questions
• What utility programs are included in What utility programs are included in system software and what do they do?system software and what do they do?
• What utility programs are included in What utility programs are included in system software and what do they do?system software and what do they do?
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