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©2008 Waters Corporation
Techniques and Strategies for Transferring Techniques and Strategies for Transferring Methods from HPLC to UPLCMethods from HPLC to UPLC
Dan Root, Ph.D.Dan Root, Ph.D.
Systems Marketing LabSystems Marketing Lab
Waters CorporationWaters Corporation
720002520EN
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©2008 Waters Corporation 2
IntroductionIntroduction
Implementation
When a lab invests in UPLC® technology their focus moves to the implementation of this new technology in order to reap it’s many benefits.
HPLC methods must be transferred or migrated to the ACQUITY UPLC®
This may seem like a tremendous challenge but doesn’t have to be.
Waters has software tools that can make this transition rapid and seamless.
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Method Transfer: a DefinitionMethod Transfer: a Definition
The movement or migration of an HPLC-based method to the ACQUITY UPLC
This is an integrated solution consisting of the instrument AND the sub 2µm particle columns with their wide variety of chemistries.
Only by utilizing the entire package can the user truly reap the maximum benefits of this new technology
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In this TalkIn this Talk
-Go through the method transfer sequence for both an Isocratic and Gradient HPLC method.
-Use Waters software tools
-No theory
-No manual calculations
-Process-oriented talk
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Transfer SequenceTransfer Sequence
1. Know as much as possible about method to be transferredGoals of method – resolution/speed Method must be adequate to the task
2. Select appropriate column and dimensionsWaters Column Selectivity chart – column chemistryL/dp index – column dimensions
3. Scale the HPLC method to UPLCACQUITY Columns Calculator
4. Input scaled parameters, inject and evaluate
5. Optimize if necessary
6. Get back to work!
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 1: Know Your Method
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Step 1: Know Your HPLC MethodStep 1: Know Your HPLC Method
USP Fluconazole related compounds, test 1
Flow rate: 0.50 mL/minSample analytes: Fluconazole (10 μg/mL)
Fluconazole Related Substance A (10 μg/mL) Fluconazole Related Substance B (10 μg/mL)Fluconazole Related Substance C (10 μg/mL)
Molecular weight(s): 306.27Sample diluent: water/acetonitrile (80/20)Injection: 20μLDetection: 260 nmColumn Temperature: 40°CMobile phase: isocratic water/acetonitrile (80/20)Solid Phase: Sunfire™ C18Particle Size: 3.5 µmID: 4.6 mmLength: 150 mm
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Isocratic ExampleIsocratic ExampleOriginal HPLC methodOriginal HPLC method
AU
0.000
0.010
0.020
0.030
0.040
0.050
0.060
0.070
0.080
0.090
Minutes0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00
Resolution (A-B) = 16Resolution (B-C) = 2.5Resolution (C-Flu) = 4.6
Critical resolution for B-C must be > 1.5
A
B
C
Fluconazole
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 2: Select Column Chemistry
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Step 2: The ColumnStep 2: The Column
Waters Column selectivity chart
Link:
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Icon on DesktopIcon on Desktop
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Using the chart: main windowUsing the chart: main window
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Using the chart: Vendor name Using the chart: Vendor name SelectionSelection
Vendor
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Using the chart: Vendor name Using the chart: Vendor name Selection_WatersSelection_Waters –– columns displayed columns displayed when when mousedmoused overover
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Using the chart: Vendor name Using the chart: Vendor name Selection_WatersSelection_Waters –– columns displayed as columns displayed as list list –– sunfiresunfire C18 highlightedC18 highlighted
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Using the chart: remember Using the chart: remember SunfireSunfireposition and return to main pageposition and return to main page
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Select the Select the SunfireSunfire C18 columnC18 column
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Select the Method Development KitsSelect the Method Development Kits
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Select Kit 5: ACQUITY UPLCSelect Kit 5: ACQUITY UPLC
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ACQUITY HSS T3ACQUITY HSS T3
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ACQUITY BEH C18ACQUITY BEH C18
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Which one?Which one?
Closest ACQUITY columns to the Sunfire are:
1) ACQUITY HSS T32) ACQUITY BEH C18
Since the HSS and the Sunfire are both Silica columns we’ll select the HSS chemistry. (BEH is a hybrid particle)
HSS T3
BEH C18
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Step 2: Selecting the ColumnStep 2: Selecting the Column
So, from the chart:
ACQUITY HSS T3 chemistry
We have the column chemistry selected, now we need the dimensions.
Is there a straightforward way to do this?
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 2: Column Dimensions
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Step 3: Selecting the Column DimensionsStep 3: Selecting the Column Dimensions
L/dp RATIO
Column Length/Particle Diameter = Dimensionless #
30,000150mm =5 μm =150,000μm5 μm
We use this ratio as a means of comparing the ‘resolving power’ of columns.
Example:
If you keep the L/dp ratio the SAME for 2 columns, you will obtain the SAME Resolution.
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Isocratic Example Isocratic Example Original HPLC columnOriginal HPLC column
Solid Phase: Sunfire™ C18
Particle Size: 3.5 µm
ID: 4.6 mm
Length: 150 mm
Calculate: dp150,000 μm
3.5 μm= = 43,000L
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Isocratic ExampleIsocratic ExampleL/L/dpdp Comparison for LC ColumnsComparison for LC Columns
5.0
3.5
2.5
1.8μmUPLC®
HSS
1.7μmUPLC®
BEH
Ldp
4,000
5,700
8,000
11,110
20mm
6,000
8,600
12,000
16,670
17,650
30mm
10,000
14,300
20,000
27,770
29,410
50mm
20,000
28,600
55,556
58,820
100mm
50,00030,000
71,40042,900
83,333
88,230
250mm150mm
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Isocratic Example Isocratic Example Original HPLC columnOriginal HPLC column
So we now have a column chemistry and the column dimensions:
HSS T3 1.8 µm 2.1 x 100 mm
This was the hardest part!
Now we scale the method parameters…
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 3: Scale Method Parameters to the ACQUITY UPLC
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Isocratic SeparationIsocratic Separation
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Isocratic SeparationsIsocratic Separations
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Fill In Isocratic HPLC ConditionsFill In Isocratic HPLC Conditions
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Change in Maximum PressureChange in Maximum Pressure
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Maximum Pressure ChangedMaximum Pressure Changed
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Calculate UPLCCalculate UPLC®® ConditionsConditions
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UPLCUPLC®® ResultsResults
2.1 x 100 mm column at a flow rate of 0.738 ml/min with an injection volume of 2.8 µl
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 4: Inject and Evaluate
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Step 4: Inject and Evaluate: Step 4: Inject and Evaluate: The Original HPLC Method ProfileThe Original HPLC Method Profile
AU
0.000
0.010
0.020
0.030
0.040
0.050
0.060
0.070
0.080
0.090
Minutes0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00
Resolution (A-B) = 16Resolution (B-C) = 2.5Resolution (C-Flu) = 4.6
Critical resolution for B-C must be > 1.5
A
B
C
Fluconazole
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The Transferred MethodThe Transferred Method
AU
0.000
0.010
0.020
0.030
0.040
Minutes0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
Critical resolution for B-C must be > 1.5
Resolution (A-B) = 12.2Resolution (B-C) = 6Resolution (C-Flu) = 3.6A
B
C
Fluconazole
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Parameter Comparison: Parameter Comparison: Isocratic ExampleIsocratic Example
Original Transferred
Flow rate: 0.50 mL/min 0.738 mL/minInjection: 20μL 2.8 µLDetection: 260 nm 260 nmSolid Phase: Sunfire™ C18 HSS T3Particle Size: 3.5 µm 1.8 µmID: 4.6 mm 2.1 mmLength: 150 mm 100 mmRun Time: 15 minutes 3 minutes (80% faster!)
Resolution (A-B) = 16Resolution (B-C) = 2.5Resolution (C-Flu) = 4.6
Resolution (A-B) = 12.2Resolution (B-C) = 6.0Resolution (C-Flu) = 3.6
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 5: Optimize if Necessary
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Transfer Sequence Recap: IsocraticTransfer Sequence Recap: Isocratic
1. Know as much as possible about method to be transferred
Goals of method – resolution/speed
Method must be adequate
2. Selected appropriate column
Waters Column Selectivity chart
L/dp index – column dimensions
3. Scaled the HPLC method to the ACQUITY UPLC
ACQUITY Columns Calculator
4. Injected and evaluated
5. Optimization was not necessary
Transfer Successful! …now for a gradient method
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 1: Know Your Method
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Gradient Example Gradient Example Step 1 Step 1 -- Original HPLC methodOriginal HPLC method
Flow rate: 1.00 mL/minSample analytes: peak #1 - 2-Acetylfuran (4 μg/mL)
peak #2 - Acetanilide (4 μg/mL) peak #3 - Acetophenone (4 μg/mL) peak #4 - Propiophenone (1 μg/mL)peak #5 - Butylparaben (1 μg/mL)peak #6 - Benzophenone (1 μg/mL)
Molecular weight(s): roughly from ~200 - 300Column temperature: 40°CSample Diluent: 10/90 acetonitrile/waterInjection: 15 μLDetection: 254 nmMobile phase: A: 0.1% TFA in water
B: 0.1% TFA in acetonitrile
Column: Atlantis T3 5µm 4.6 x 150 mm
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Gradient Example Gradient Example Original HPLC gradient profileOriginal HPLC gradient profile
5951.00Initial
69551.0201
11
11
6
Curve
5951.025.13
5951.0304
9551.0252
%B%AFlow Rate
Time since injection
Gradient Step
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Gradient Example: Original HPLC Gradient Example: Original HPLC MethodMethod
AU
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
Minutes0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00
1 2 3
4
5 6
10.06
5.205
15.04
23.33
7.802
1
ResolutionPeak
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 2: Select Column
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Step 2: Select the Column Step 2: Select the Column ChemistryChemistry
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Gradient example: Atlantis T3 Gradient example: Atlantis T3 selectedselected
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Gradient example: ACQUITY HSS T3 Gradient example: ACQUITY HSS T3 closest matchclosest match
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Step 2: Selecting the ColumnStep 2: Selecting the Column
So, from the chart:
ACQUITY HSS T3 chemistry
What about the dimensions?
What is goal of method – In this case, speed
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 2: Column Dimensions
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Step 3: Column DimensionsStep 3: Column Dimensions
Solid Phase: Atlantis T3
Particle Size: 5.0 µm
ID: 4.6 mm
Length: 150 mm
Calculate: dp150,000 μm
5 μm= = 30,000L
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Gradient ExampleGradient ExampleL/L/dpdp Comparison for LC ColumnsComparison for LC Columns
5.0
3.5
2.5
1.8μmUPLC®
HSS
1.7μmUPLC®
Packed
Ldp
4,000
5,700
8,000
11,110
20mm
6,000
8,600
12,000
16,670
17,650
30mm
10,000
14,300
20,000
27,770
29,410
50mm
20,000
28,600
55,556
58,820
100mm
50,00030,000
71,40042,900
83,333
88,230
250mm150mm
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Step 3: The ColumnStep 3: The Column
So the column chemistry and the column dimensions are:
HSS T3 1.8 µm 2.1 x 50 mm
Now we scale the gradient parameters to the ACQUITY UPLC
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 3: Scale Method Parameters to the ACQUITY UPLC
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Gradient ExampleGradient Example
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Gradient ExampleGradient Example
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Gradient ExampleGradient Example
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Gradient ExampleGradient Example
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Gradient ExampleGradient Example
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Gradient ExampleGradient Example
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Gradient ExampleGradient Example
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Gradient ExampleGradient Example
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Gradient Example: PrintGradient Example: Print--out out
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 4: Inject and Evaluate
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Gradient Example: Original HPLCGradient Example: Original HPLC
AU
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
Minutes0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00
1 2 3
4
5 6
10.06
5.205
15.04
23.33
7.802
1
ResolutionPeak
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Gradient Example: Transferred MethodGradient Example: Transferred Method
AU
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
Minutes0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50
10.0
5.20
15.0
23.3
7.80
Resolution
UPLC
6
5
4
3
2
1
Peak
1 2 3
4
56
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Parameter Comparison: Parameter Comparison: Gradient ExampleGradient Example
Original Transferred
Flow rate: 1.0 mL/min 1.287 mL/minInjection: 15μL 1.0 µLDetection: 254 nm 254 nmSolid Phase: Atlantis T3 HSS T3Particle Size: 5.0 µm 1.8 µmID: 4.6 mm 2.1 mmLength: 150 mm 50 mmRun Time: 30 minutes 3.86 minutes (87% faster!)
10.0
5.20
15.0
23.3
7.80
Resolution
UPLC
8.006
9.205
15.24
18.23
8.902
1
Resolution
HPLC
Peak
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Method Sequence Method Sequence
Step 5: Optimize if Necessary
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Transfer Sequence Recap: GradientTransfer Sequence Recap: Gradient
1. Know as much as possible about method to be transferred
Goals of method – resolution/speed
Method must be adequate
2. Selected appropriate column
Waters Column Selectivity chart
L/dp index – column dimensions
3. Scaled the HPLC method to the ACQUITY UPLC
ACQUITY Columns Calculator
4. Injected and evaluated
5. Optimization
Another Successful Transfer!
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SummarySummary
In both examples we followed a series of straight-forward steps to rapidly and effectively transfer HPLC methods to the ACQUITY UPLC.
The resultant transferred methods were significantly faster and maintained or improved the original HPLC method resolutions.
The Column Selectivity Chart and ACQUITY Columns Calculator are simple, useful tools that will enable rapid, seamless implemenation of the ACQUITY UPLC.
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Empower 2 Method Validation Empower 2 Method Validation ManagerManager
Waters Method Validation Manager Software is designed to streamline the set-up, execution, calculation and reporting of a method validation.
It provides easy data tracking and complete organization of validation data and results monitored by the built-in oversight of automated error checking.
MVM reduces the time and costs required to perform chromatographic method validation by as much as 80%.
Because MVM allows the entire chromatographic method validation process to be efficiently performed within Empower 2, fewer software applications need be deployed, validated, and maintained
Many other powerful features.