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FAA.2012-06 Agenda.doc
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON FINISHING PROCESSES
MEMORANDUM
TO: Technical Committee on Finishing Processes
FROM: R. P. Benedetti / N. Pearce
DATE: May 30, 2012
SUBJECT: Agenda for June 5 6, 2012 Meeting in Ft. Lauderdale FL
_________________________________________________________________________________
Enclosed is the Agenda for the June 5 6, 2012 meeting of the
Technical Committee on Finishing Processes, to be held at the
Embassy Suites 17th Street, Ft. Lauderdale FL. The Agenda and
attachments are being transmitted to you electronically and will
also be posted to the Technical Committees web page. If you wish to
add other topics to the Agenda, they can be discussed under New
Business. If you have additional materials to be added to the
Agenda, please bring them with you to the meeting. We look forward
to seeing you in ft. Lauderdale. rpb/ cc FAA Meeting Folder FAA/NM
(2)
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FAA.2012-06 Agenda.doc
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON FINISHING PROCESSES
AGENDA
Technical Committee on Finishing Processes Embassy Suites 17th
Street
Ft. Lauderdale, FL Tuesday, June 5, 2012, 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM
Wednesday, June 6, 2012, 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM
1. Call to Order. 2. Introduction of Attendees and Update of
Committee Roster. [Attachment A1] 3. Approval of Minutes of Last
Meetings. [Savannah GA, Sep. 29-30, 2009] [Attachment A2] 4. Report
of Committee Chair. [S. Gunsel] 5. Report of Staff Liaison. [R.
Benedetti]
Report on Technical Committee Membership. [Attachment A3] -
Balance of Interests. - New Members: Andrew Anschell, Liberty
Mutual Group (Alt. to Rob Fribergr) James Gustin, Travelers
Insurance Guy Jones, Amerex Corp. David Schutt, 3M Company (Alt. to
Steve Jensen) Nancy Pearce, NFPA, Staff Liaison - New Applicants. -
Reappointment of Current Members. - Rob Friberg - Committee Service
Award
New Technical Committee Scope. [Attachment A3] Fall 2014
Document Revision Cycle. [Attachment A4]
6. Marine Spray Finishing in Membrane Enclosures
** This Agenda Item includes tours of two local marinas to
observe operations involving spray finishing of marine vessels
enclosed in membranes.
The tours will be held after lunch on Tuesday, June 5, 2012.
Photo of Typical Application. [Attachment A5a] Brief
Introduction of Operation. [R. Galvez] [Attachment A5b] Dania Cut
Hazard & Risk Analysis. [Attachment A5c] Dania Cut Alternative
Operating Procedure. [Attachment A5d]
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FAA.2012-06 Agenda.doc
Cahanin Hazard & Risk Report. [Attachment A5e] NOTE:
Attachment A of the report is not included, due its size.
Cahanin Alternative Operating Procedure. [Attachment A5f] Public
Input Proposal to Add a New Chapter to NFPA 33. [Attachment A5g]
[NOTE: Brief presentations will be made by: G. Cahanin, R. Galvez,
J. Parks]
7. Correlation Issues Between NFPA 33 and Article 516 of NFPA
70. [Don Ankele]
Proposal 14-144 NFPA 70-2011. [Attachment A6a] Memo from
National Electrical Code Technical Correlating Committee
[Attachment A6b] Issues Paper from Don Ankele. [Attachment A6c]
Initial Draft of proposed Amendments to Article 516 of NFPA 70.
[Attachment A6d]
8. Use of HEPA Filters on Spray Booth Exhaust Port As
Alternative for Exhaust to Outside.
[John Gokey] [Attachments s A7a, A7b, A7c] 9. Task Group to
Address Correlation between NFPA 33 and NFPA 409 Area
Classification.
[Attachment s A8a and A8b] 10. Task Group to Address Correlation
with European Standards. [Bob Feldkamp]
EN1953 Non-electrostatic Spray Equipment EN50050 Hand Held
Electrostatic Spray Equipment EN50176 Automatic Liquid
Electrostatic Spray Systems EN50177 Automatic Powder Electrostatic
Spray Systems EN12215 Liquid Spray Booths [Attachment A9a] EN12981
Powder Spray Booths [Attachment A9b] EN13355 Combined Spray and
Cure Booths [Attachment A9c]
11. Fire Protection Considerations for New Booth Designs [Tom
Euson] There have been two new booth designs introduced in the
automotive industry that need to be
addressed. They pose different protection challenges from
conventional designs. The Technical Committee was initially
introduced to these at our Savannah meeting last cycle.
Dry scrubber booth utilizing finely crushed limestone as the
filter media with cartridge filters as
the secondary filters. This design should be reviewed for
protection considerations, specifically as it relates to booth
configuration.
Electrostatic precipitation as a means to remove overspray from
the exhaust air. It is understood that grids at 40,000 volts are
employed for this at the eliminator / scrubber level. The high
voltage poses a concern in an environment with paint overspray and
solvent vapors.
12. Exhaust Duct Sprinklers [Tom Euson] Section 9.4.6 of NFPA 33
addresses exhaust duct and stack sprinkler protection. In summary,
it
specifies that sprinkler heads be spaced no more than 12 apart
and flow a minimum of 30 gpm/head at 15 psi. Concerns:
No differentiation is made between a 12 diameter duct and a 60
diameter duct or a 48 x 48
rectangular duct. The coverages are widely different. No
differentiation is made between a vertical duct and a horizontal
duct. Should allowing the
flow down the duct from a head(s) near the top be considered? Is
30 gpm from 15 psi realistic for most installations? Should more
pressure be allowed?
Should less flow be allowed? 13. Class I, Division 2 - [Tom
Euson] During every document revision cycle, the issue of
eliminating the 3 Class I, Division 2 bubble
around booth doors is discussed. Each cycle, no action is taken,
due to insufficient information as to the actual conditions and LFL
levels. General Motors has indicated a willingness to provide
testing for the Technical Committees evaluation. Prior to the
testing, discussion is necessary to provide
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FAA.2012-06 Agenda.doc
guidance as to the data needed and any other considerations that
might apply, e.g., not being able to go directly from a Class I,
Division 1 area to unclassified.
14. Recent Correspondence. (NONE) 15. Other Old Business. (NONE)
16. New Business
NFPA 33, D.1.2(4): Merits of Requiring Water-wash Booths for
Operations Involving Nitrocellulose Lacquers.
Appoint Chapter Review Task Groups. 17. New Business Items from
Advisory Service Inquiries:
RE: 1.1.6 of NFPA 33, still looking for what we mean by
repeatedly in the same location and occasional.
Need for definitions: air recirculation filter house and
secondary recirculation particulate filter. Also, are the latter
HEPA filters?
RE: 3.3.2.3 of NFPA 33, where three (or more) levels of
filtration are provided in a recirculating spray booth, are these
additional levels of ventilation also considered secondary?
RE: 3.3.16 of NFPA 33, should the definition of Ventilation be
revised to read: For the purposes of this standard, movement of air
that is provided for the prevention of fire and explosion and is
sufficient to prevent accumulation of vaporair mixtures in
concentrations over 25 percent of the lower flammable limit or the
accumulation of dust-air mixtures in concentrations over 50 percent
of the minimum explosible concentration.
In Chapter 6 of both NFPA 33 and NFPA 34, do the area
classification line drawings need to be redrawn to better
distinguish between the actual outline of the piece of equipment
(booth, dip tank, etc.) and the boundaries of the classified
area?
In Chapter 7 of both NFPA 33 and NFPA 34, would the Technical
Committee consider a requirement for an interlock between the
equipment and the make-up air system?
RE: 7.4 of NFPA 33, should the term fire barrier wall be added?
RE: Section 8.2, should process area be defined within context of
spray area? In 9.4.6(3) of NFPA 33, need to correct to add: all
sprinklers likely to open in anyone fire
incident without depleting the available water for use in hose
streams, which appeared in prior editions.
RE: 10.2.1 of NFPA 33, should the amount of residue requiring
cleanup and removal be specified?
In Chapter 13 of NFPA 33, should there be distinction between
direct-fired and indirect-fired drying?
18. Schedule Next Meetings. 19. Adjournment.
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Address List No PhoneFinishing Processes FAA-AAA
Nancy Pearce05/31/2012
FAA-AAASteven J. GunselChairSGTechnologies, LLC944 Southport
DriveMedina, OH 44256-3018
SE 1/1/1992FAA-AAA
Thomas G. EusonSecretary3S Incorporated8686 Southwest
ParkwayHarrison, IN 45030Alternate: Matthew M. Euson
IM 1/1/1988
FAA-AAAWilliam C. AndersonPrincipalApproved Fire Protection
Company, Inc.2513 North Burdick StreetKalamazoo, MI 49007National
Association of Fire Equipment Distributors
IM 7/20/2000FAA-AAA
Donald W. AnkelePrincipalUL LLC333 Pfingsten RoadNorthbrook, IL
60062-2096Alternate: Michael A. Slowinske
RT 1/14/2005
FAA-AAAJohn D. BloomgrenPrincipalInfinity Precision, LLC7850
Park DriveChanhassen, MN 55317
M 4/1/1993FAA-AAA
Amy BrownPrincipalFM Global1151 Boston-Providence TurnpikePO Box
9102Norwood, MA 02062-9102Alternate: John A. LeBlanc
I 8/5/2009
FAA-AAALarry B. CoxPrincipalStructurlite Composites
Consultants122 Wilshire DriveHebron, OH 43025
SE 11/2/2006FAA-AAA
Dean DohertyPrincipalGeneral Motors North America30300 Mount
Road, Mailcode 480-109-161PO Box 9040Warren, MI 48090NFPA
Industrial Fire Protection Section
U 1/16/2003
FAA-AAARobert J. FeldkampPrincipalNordson Corporation300 Nordson
DriveAmherst, OH 44001Alternate: Edward L. Jones
M 7/24/1997FAA-AAA
Rob J. FribergPrincipalLiberty Mutual Property5911 Decker
StreetSchofield, WI 54476Property Casualty Insurers Association of
AmericaAlternate: Andrew Anschell
I 4/5/2001
FAA-AAAPaul B. GentryPrincipalZurich Services CorporationRisk
Engineering1047 Waldron RoadLa Vergne, TN 37086Alternate: James W.
Taylor
I 10/4/2001FAA-AAA
John GokeyPrincipalTyco Fire Suppression & Building
ProductsOne Stanton StreetMarinette, WI 54143Alternate: Jeffrey A.
Breighner
M 7/1/1993
1
bbenedettiText Box ATTACHMENT No. A1
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Address List No PhoneFinishing Processes FAA-AAA
Nancy Pearce05/31/2012
FAA-AAAJames S. GustinPrincipalTravelers Insurance CompanyPO Box
473500Charlotte, NC 28247-3500
I 3/1/2011FAA-AAA
Brian K. HaynackPrincipalSherwin-Williams Company101 Prospect
Ave. NW, Midland Bldg. 400Cleveland, OH 44115American Industrial
Hygiene Association
M 7/26/2007
FAA-AAASteven D. JensenPrincipal3M Company915 Adams Street,
SEHutchinson, MN 55350-9431Alternate: David J. Schutt
U 4/1/1995FAA-AAA
Guy L. Jones, Jr.PrincipalAmerex Corporation7595 Gadsden
HighwayPO Box 81Trussville, AL 35173-0081Fire Equipment
Manufacturers' AssociationAlternate: William Vegso
M 03/05/2012
FAA-AAAMartin J. KoreckyPrincipalAkzo Nobel Powder Coatings150
Columbia StreetReading, PA 19601
M 3/15/2007FAA-AAA
John C. LarsonPrincipalThe DuPont Company, Inc.Experimental
Station E308/205PO Box 80308Wilmington, DE 19880-0308Alternate:
John R. Moore
M 7/17/1998
FAA-AAADennis P. MasonPrincipalAEGIS Insurance ServicesLoss
Control Division4797 Jackson StreetTrenton, MI 48183
I 7/17/1998FAA-AAA
John McKnightPrincipalNational Marine Manufacturers
Association444 North Capitol Street NW, Suite 645Washington, DC
20001Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.
U 4/1/1996
FAA-AAALowell MilesPrincipalMiles Fiberglass &
Composites8855 SE Otty RoadPortland, OR 97266American Composites
Manufacturers Association
U 1/1/1986FAA-AAA
G. Randall NancePrincipalAutomated Fire Systems, Inc.PO Box
23545Charlotte, NC 28227
IM 1/1/1990
FAA-AAAGeoffrey A. RaifsniderPrincipalGlobal Finishing
Solutions12731 Norway RoadOsseo, WI 54758
M 8/5/2009FAA-AAA
Douglas A. RivordPrincipalGraco, Inc.PO Box 1441Minneapolis, MN
55440Alternate: Angela Redlund Spieker
M 1/18/2001
FAA-AAADon ScarbroughPrincipal550 Randall RoadElyria, OH
44035
SE 1/1/1972
2
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Address List No PhoneFinishing Processes FAA-AAA
Nancy Pearce05/31/2012
FAA-AAARonald A. SchulzPrincipalXL Global Asset Protection
Services200 East Big Beaver RoadTroy, MI 48083Alternate: Mark A.
Bowman
I 7/16/2003FAA-AAA
Barry ThomasPrincipalBECCA Inc.2010 Cobb International
Blvd.Kennesaw, GA 30152
M 1/1/1996
FAA-AAAAndrew AnschellAlternateLiberty Mutual Insurance1548 NE
170th StreetShoreline, WA 98155-6019Property Casualty Insurers
Association of AmericaPrincipal: Rob J. Friberg
I 8/9/2011FAA-AAA
Mark A. BowmanAlternateXL Global Asset Protection Services13467
Chevington DrivePickerington, OH 43147Principal: Ronald A.
Schulz
I 10/28/2008
FAA-AAAJeffrey A. BreighnerAlternateTyco/SimplexGrinnell9585
Snowden River ParkwayColumbia, MD 21046Principal: John Gokey
M 8/5/2009FAA-AAA
Matthew M. EusonAlternate3S Incorporated8686 Southwest
ParkwayHarrison, IN 45030Principal: Thomas G. Euson
IM 10/28/2008
FAA-AAAEdward L. JonesAlternateNordson Corporation300 Nordson
Drive, M/S 44Amherst, OH 44001Principal: Robert J. Feldkamp
M 7/26/2007FAA-AAA
John A. LeBlancAlternateFM Global1151 Boston-Providence
TurnpikePO Box 9102Norwood, MA 02062-9102Principal: Amy Brown
I 8/5/2009
FAA-AAAJohn R. MooreAlternateE. I. DuPont CompanyExperimental
Station E308/205PO Box 80308Wilmington, DE 19880-0308Principal:
John C. Larson
M 10/4/2007FAA-AAA
David J. SchuttAlternate3M Company3M Center, Building
224-6W-28St. Paul, MN 55144-1000Principal: Steven D. Jensen
U 8/9/2011
FAA-AAAMichael A. SlowinskeAlternateUL LLC333 Pfingsten
RoadNorthbrook, IL 60062-2096Principal: Donald W. Ankele
RT 7/22/1999FAA-AAA
Angela Redlund SpiekerAlternateGraco, Inc.88 11th Avenue
NEMinneapolis, MN 55413Principal: Douglas A. Rivord
M 8/5/2009
3
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Address List No PhoneFinishing Processes FAA-AAA
Nancy Pearce05/31/2012
FAA-AAAJames W. TaylorAlternateZurich Services Corporation545
Saddle LaneCookeville, TN 38501Principal: Paul B. Gentry
I 3/4/2009FAA-AAA
William VegsoAlternateBuckeye Fire Equipment Company110 Kings
RoadKings Mountain, NC 28086Fire Equipment Manufacturers'
AssociationPrincipal: Guy L. Jones, Jr.
M 3/15/2007
FAA-AAAMatthew I. ChibbaroNonvoting MemberUS Department of
LaborOccupational Safety & Health Administration200
Constitution Ave. NW, Room N3609Washington, DC 20210Alternate:
William R. Hamilton
E 4/15/2004FAA-AAA
William R. HamiltonAlt. to Nonvoting MemberUS Department of
LaborOccupational Safety & Health Administration200
Constitution Ave. NW, Room N3609Washington, DC 20210Principal:
Matthew I. Chibbaro
E 3/4/2009
FAA-AAANancy PearceStaff LiaisonNational Fire Protection
Association1 Batterymarch ParkQuincy, MA 02169-7471
1/11/2012
4
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FAA.2009-09 Minutes.doc
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON FINISHING PROCESSES
MINUTES of MEETING
Technical Committee on Finishing Processes Hilton Savannah
DeSoto Hotel
Savannah GA September 29 & 30, 2009
I. ATTENDANCE W. C. Anderson, Approved Fire Protection Company,
Inc. (Rep. National Association of Fire Equipment Distributors) J.
D. Bloomgren, Infinity Precision, LLC L. B. Cox, American
Composites Manufacturers Association (via web conference) D.
Doherty, General Motors North America (via web conference)
(Rep. NFPA Industrial Fire Protection Section) M. M. Euson, 3S
Incorporated
T. G. Euson, 3S Incorporated, SECRETARY R. J. Feldkamp, Nordson
Corporation S. J. Gunsel, SGTechnologies, LLC, CHAIR
D. P. Jenkins, Paragon Risk Engineering J. S. Jurasic, Jurasic
Equipment Inc. J. C. Larson, DuPont Performance Coatings D. P.
Mason, AEGIS Insurance Services G. Murin, Travelers Insurance Co.
G. R. Nance, Automated Fire Systems, Inc.
A. L. Pirro, Intertek Testing Services G. A. Raifsnider, Global
Finishing Solutions D. A. Rivord, Graco Incorporated
D. R. Scarbrough, Elyria, OH R. A. Schulz, XL Global Asset
Protection Services J. W. Taylor, Zurich Services Corporation
B. Thomas, BECCA Incorporated W. Vegso, Buckeye Fire Equipment
Company
(Rep. Fire Equipment Manufacturers' Association) R. Benedetti,
NFPA, STAFF LIAISON GUESTS: F. Barstow, Victaulic A. Halbmeyer,
Eisenmann R. Hennessy, Eisenmann
bbenedettiText Box ATTACHMENT No. A2
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FAA.2009-09 Minutes.doc
II. MINUTES 1. The meeting was called to order at 8:05 AM on
September 29, 2009 by Technical Committee Chair
Steve Gunsel. 2. Attendees introduced themselves. The Technical
Committee roster was corrected as needed.
Action Item: The Staff Liaison was directed to circulate an
up-to-date roster. 3. The Minutes of the prior meeting (February 3
& 4, 2009, in St. Pete Beach FL) were unanimously
approved as submitted. 4. Technical Committee Chair Steve gunsel
presented a brief review of the status of the current
document revision cycle. He also suggested as future items to
pursue: better correlation between NFPA 33 and NFPA 410 for
aircraft spray finishing hangars; addition of stack lining
operations to coverage under NFPA 33.
5. The Staff Liaison reported on the following topics:
Technical Committee Membership. - The Technical Committee is in
balance with respect to interest groups. - New Technical Committee
members have been appointed: Amy Brown & John LeBlanc, FM
Global Jeff Breighner, Tyco/Simplex Grinnell (alternate to John
Gokey) William Hamilton, OSHA (alternate to Matt Chibbaro) Geoff
Raifsnider, Global Finishing Systems Angela Spieker, Graco
(alternate to Doug Rivord) James Taylor, Zurich Services,
(alternate to Paul Gentry) - New applicants to the Technical
Committee: Messrs. Buck and Pierin, Durr Systems
Proposed New Technical Committee Scope. The Staff Liaison
reported that the ballot on the proposed amendment to the Technical
Committee scope statement (addition of printing processes) has been
completed and the recommendation to effect the scope change has
been submitted to the NFPA Standards Council for their
approval.
The Staff Liaison reviewed the key dates for the Annual 2010
Document Revision Cycle, through which the proposed amendments to
both NFPA 33 and NFPA 34 will be processed.
6. Report of NFPA 34 Printing Operations Task Group. Tom Euson
reported that the printing industry
has apparently no concerns with the Report on Proposals (ROP) on
NFPA 34, as they did not propose any comments.
7. Reports of Other Task Groups.
Task Group on Minimum Explosive Concentration (MEC) Data [D.
Scarbrough] Don Scarbrough reported at the last meeting that he had
found some MEC data, but it was not representative of the types of
powders used for powder coating. In particular, the mean particle
sizes and particle size distributions of the test powders were both
larger than what is now common in the industry (mean particle size
of 50, as compared with the 10 common to industry). All other
existing data is at least 40 years old and in need of updating.
Task Group on OSHA 1910.107 [J. McKnight & L. Miles] The
letter circulated earlier to the Technical Committee serves as the
Task Group report.
Task Group on European Standards [R. Feldkamp] Bob Feldkamp
provided a summary of recent activities.
8. The Technical Committee reviewed and acted on all comments
received on the Report on Proposals
(ROP) to amend NFPA 34 and developed necessary additional
comments. Action Item: The Staff Liaison was directed to prepare
the letter ballot for the NFPA 34 Report on Comments (ROC).
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FAA.2009-09 Minutes.doc
9. The Technical Committee reviewed and acted on all comments
received on the Report on Proposals
(ROP) to amend NFPA 33 and developed necessary additional
comments. Action Item: The Staff Liaison was directed to prepare
the letter ballot for the NFPA 33 Report on Comments (ROP).
10. The Technical Committee discussed expanding the scope of
NFPA 33 to address on-site FGRP
fabrication operations, but took no action. 11. The Technical
Committee heard a presentation by R. Hennessy, Eisenmann
Corporation on a novel
filtration system that uses static electricity to remove
overspray and particulates from the exhaust air stream from a spray
booth.
12. The Technical Committee reviewed recent correspondence. Most
required no action by the Technical
Committee. All others were deferred to the next document
revision cycle. Action Item: The Staff Liaison was directed to add
the appropriate items to the next meeting agenda.
13. There was no Other Old Business requiring the Technical
Committees attention. 14. Under New Business:
The Technical Committee heard a presentation by F. Barstow on
the capabilities of the Vortex N2/water Mist fire suppression
system.
15. The Technical Committee tentatively scheduled its next
meeting for September 21 and 22, 2010,
preferably at the FM Global test center in Glocester RI. 15. The
meeting adjourned at 12:00 PM on September 30, 2009.
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FAA Scope Statement & Member Balance.doc - 5/29/2012
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON FINISHING PROCESSES
SCOPE STATEMENT
This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents
on safeguarding against the fire and explosion hazards associated
with spray application processes, dipping processes, coating
processes, and other similar processes, including glass fiber/resin
fabrication processes and printing processes, except for certain
dipping processes that are within the scope of the Committee on
Ovens and Furnaces. Responsible for NFPA 33, Standard for Spray
Application Using Flammable and Combustible Materials, and NFPA 34,
Standard for Dipping and Coating Processes Using Flammable or
Combustible Liquids.
COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP BALANCE
Members: 27 M: 10 (37%)* U: 4 (15%)** Voting Alternates: 0 I/M:
3 (11%)*** L/C: 0 Alternates: 12 R/T: 1 (4%) E: 0 Non-Voting: 2 I:
6 (22%) SE: 3 (11%) Emeritus 1 Task Group: 0 Hold List: 5 Balance:
Overbalanced) *(air & airless spray equipment: 1 ancillary
equipment: 1 booths & enclosures: 1
dip/flow coating systems: 1 electrostatic spray equipment: 1
fire suppression equipment: 2 liquid coatings: 2 powder coatings:
1)
**(dip & flow coating systems: 1 FGRP systems: 2 spray
coating systems: 1) ***(fire suppression systems: 3 spray
application systems: 0)
bbenedettiText Box ATTACHMENT No. A3
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ProcessStage ProcessStep
DatesforTCDatesforTCwithCC
PublicInputClosingDate* 1/4/2013
1/4/2013FinaldateforTCFirstDraftMeeting 6/14/2013
3/15/2013PostingofFirstDraftandTCBallot 8/2/2013
4/26/2013FinaldateforReceiptofTCFirstDraftballot 8/23/2013
5/17/2013FinaldateforReceiptofTCFirstDraftballotrecirc 8/30/2013
5/24/2013PostingofFirstDraftforCCMeeting
5/31/2013FinaldateforCCFirstDraftMeeting
7/12/2013PostingofFirstDraftandCCBallot
8/2/2013FinaldateforReceiptofCCFirstDraftballot
8/23/2013FinaldateforReceiptofCCFirstDraftballotrecirc
8/30/2013PostFinalFirstDraftforPublicComment 9/6/2013 9/6/2013
PublicCommentclosingdate 11/15/2013
11/15/2013FinalDatetoPublishNoticeofConsentDocuments(DocumentsThatReceivedNoComments)
11/22/2013 11/22/2013
AppealClosingDateforConsentDocuments(15Days)(DocumentsThatReceivedNoComments)
12/7/2013 12/7/2013
FinaldateforTCSecondDraftMeeting 5/2/2014
1/24/2014PostingofSecondDraftandTCBallot 6/13/2014
3/7/2014FinaldateforReceiptofTCSecondDraftBallot 7/7/2014
3/28/2014FinaldateforreceiptofTCSecondDraftballotrecirc 7/14/2014
4/4/2014PostingofSecondDraftforCCMtg
4/11/2014FinaldateforCCSecondDraftMeeting
5/23/2014PostingofSecondDraftforCCBallot
6/13/2014FinaldateforReceiptofCCSecondDraftballot
7/7/2014FinaldateforReceiptofCCSecondDraftballotrecirc
7/14/2014PostFinalSecondDraftforNITMAMReview 7/18/2014
7/18/2014
NoticeofIntenttoMakeaMotion(NITMAM)ClosingDate 8/22/2014
8/22/2014PostingofCertifiedAmendingMotionsandConsentDocuments
10/17/2014 10/17/2014AppealClosingDateforConsentDocuments(15Days)
11/1/2014 11/1/2014SCIssuanceDateforConsentDocuments(25Days)
11/11/2014 11/11/2014
TechSession AssociationMeetingforDocumentswithCAMs 6/2225/2015
6/2225/2015
AppealClosingDateforDocumentswithCAMs(20Days) 7/15/2015
7/15/2015SCIssuanceDatesforDocumentswithCAMs 8/27/2015
8/27/2015
CommentStage(SecondDraft)
TechSessionPreparation(&Issuance)
AppealsandIssuance
2014FALLREVISIONCYCLE
PublicInputStage
(FirstDraft)
*PublicInputDatesmayvaryaccordingtodocumentsandschedulesforRevisionCyclesmaychange.PleasechecktheNFPAWebsiteforthemostuptodateinformationonPublicInputClosingDatesandschedulesatwww.nfpa.org/document#(i.e.www.nfpa.org/101)andclickontheNextEditiontab
bbenedettiText Box ATTACHMENT No. A4
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ATTACHMENT A5
bbenedettiText Box ATTACHMENT No. A5a
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5/30/2012
1
Painting of Marine vessels in Temporary Enclosures
THE FIRE PROTECTION INTERNATIONAL CONSORTIUM, INC.
5/14/2012 1
Rick Galvez, PE
Scope of Project
This analysis is focused on the protection of marine
vesselsundergoing painting in outside membrane enclosures made out
of
flame retardant materials and scaffolding frames, in and out
of
twater.
There is no NFPA standard or provision in the Florida
FirePrevention Code that specifically addresses the spray
application of
flammable or combustible materials in an outdoor temporary
membrane enclosure.
5/14/2012 2
Goal
Provide a level of life safety and fire protection equivalent to
that
enjoyed in a paint booth regulated by the requirements of NFPA
33 -
Standard for Spray Application Using Flammable or
Combustible
M t i l 2003 Editi b t ith t th b fit f fi d fi i klMaterials,
2003 Edition, but without the benefits of a fixed fire
sprinkler
protection system.
5/14/2012 3
Issue
The issue comes down to providing a level of life safety and
fireprotection equivalent, while spraying flammable or combustible
paints in
an outside membrane enclosure, to that enjoyed in a paint
booth
regulated by the requirements of NFPA 33 Standard for
Sprayregulated by the requirements of NFPA 33 - Standard for
Spray
Application Using Flammable or Combustible Materials, 2003
Edition,
but without the benefits of a fixed fire sprinkler protection
system,
because such a system would be impractical on a temporary basis
and
also because of the different sizes of boats involved.
Need agreement with fire department.
5/14/2012 4
Enclosures
5/14/2012 5
Ventilation and A/C Equipment
5/14/2012 6
bbenedettiText Box ATTACHMENT No. A5b
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5/30/2012
2
NFPA STANDARDS NFPA-312, Standard for Fire Protection of Vessels
During Construction, Conversion, Repair, and Lay-Up,
2011 Edition provided the framework for the report. Additional
guidance was obtained from the following NFPA standards:
NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2002 edition.
NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of
Water-Based Fire Protection Systems,
2002 edition. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustibles Liquid Code,
2003 edition NFPA 33, Standard for Spray Application Using
Flammable or Combustible Materials, 2003 Edition NFPA 51B, Standard
for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work,
2003 edition. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, 2005 edition. NFPA
86, Standard for Ovens and Furnaces, 2003 edition NFPA 101, Life
Safety Code, 2006 edition NFPA 306, Standard for the Control of Gas
Hazards on Vessels, 2009 edition. NFPA 307, Standard for the
Construction and Fire Protection of Marine Terminals, Piers, and
Wharves,
2006 edition. NFPA 701: Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame
Propagation of Textiles and Films, 2010 edition
5/14/2012 7
Operation
Between 140 to 230 long. Exterior painting only. NFPA 101
classifies as Industrial occupancy . Painting on water using
floating boom. Membrane enclosure. Scaffolding per OSHA 1926
Subpart L, Scaffolds. Air conditioning and exhaust system with
explosion-proof motors
and with exhaust capacity required to maintain safe LEL
levels.
Once the painting operations are complete the membrane
enclosureis dismantled and the flame-retardant film is recycled.
The film is
not reused5/14/2012 8
Considerations Enclosure Materials Grounding Water Supply
Personnel Not Allowed on
Board During Painting
Storage of Explosives,Flammable Material, andDangerous Cargo
Use of Open-Flame or Spark-Emitting Devices and FireWatch
Separation from OtherOccupancies
Rubbish, Waste Materials, OilSpills, and General Care.
Smoking Power Tools
Watch Welding, Cutting, and Heating
Apparatus Electric Welding Cables Heating Electrical
Installations Application of Paints and
Other Flammable Compounds
5/14/2012 9
Scaffolding and Frame
5/14/2012 10
Filtration Bank / Enclosure on water
5/14/2012 11
Exit / Enclosure
5/14/2012 12
-
THE FIRE PROTECTION INTERNATIONAL CONSORTIUM, INC. West Region
Warde Comeaux 3600 Clayton Rd. Ste. E Concord, CA 94521 Ph: (925)
825.4643 Fax: (925) 691.4367 [email protected]
Central Region Gerald Schultz, P.E. 1202N 75th St. #279 Downers
Grove, IL 60516 Ph: (630) 985.3106 Fax: (630) 985.3114
[email protected]
East Region Rick Galvez, P.E. 9702 SW 57th St. Cooper City, FL
33328 Ph: (305) 915-0488 Fax: (866) 520-7838 [email protected]
FIRE PROTECTION - LIFE SAFETY - CODE CONSULTING - PERFORMANCE
BASED DESIGN
FIRE HAZARD ANALYSIS DANIA CUT SUPER YACHT
REPAIR FACILITY DANIA, FLORIDA
Prepared for:
Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair Facility
Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair
[email protected] 760 NE 7th Avenue
Dania Beach, Florida 33004 (954) 923-9545 tel
July 26, 2011
Prepared by:
___________________________ Rick Galvez, P.E.
Senior Engineer
Reviewed by:
___________________________ Jerry Schultz, P.E. Managing
Director
bbenedettiText Box ATTACHMENT No. A5c
-
Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
FIRE PROTECTION - LIFE SAFETY - CODE CONSULTING - PERFORMANCE
BASED DESIGN
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Introduction
________________________________________________________________1
II. Code Requirements
________________________________________________________1
III. Facility and Operation Description
____________________________________________1
IV. Means of Egress
________________________________________________________4
V. Hazard Analysis
_________________________________________________________4
1- Inspection
______________________________________________________________4
2- Rubbish, Waste Materials, Oil Spills, and General Care.
______________________4
3- Smoking
_______________________________________________________________4
4- Storage of Explosives, Flammable Material, and Dangerous
Cargo ____________5
5- Use of Open-Flame or Spark-Emitting Devices and Fire Watch
________________5
6- Welding, Cutting, and Heating Apparatus
___________________________________6
7- Electric Welding Cables
__________________________________________________6
8- Heating
________________________________________________________________6
9- Electrical Installations
____________________________________________________6
10- Application of Paints and Other Flammable Compounds
____________________7
VI. Performance Calculations. Is Atmosphere Below 10 % of LEL
________________8
1- Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)
______________________________________________8
2- Characteristic of Paint Utilized
____________________________________________8
3- Calculation of Vapors Produced by a Gallon of Paint
_________________________8
4- Capacity and Arrangement of Ventilation System
____________________________9
5- Volume of Worst Case Enclosure
__________________________________________9
6- Calculation of Ventilation Rate
____________________________________________9
7- Calculation of LEL under Worst Possible Conditions
_________________________9
VII. Conclusion and Recommendations
_________________________________________10
-
Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
FIRE PROTECTION - LIFE SAFETY - CODE CONSULTING - PERFORMANCE
BASED DESIGN
1
I. Introduction The Fire Protection International Consortium
(FPI) has been retained by the Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair
Facility to perform a fire hazard risk analysis of their shipyard
located in the City of Dania. This analysis is focused on the
protection of yachts undergoing repair and painting. II. Code
Requirements This analysis has been prepared in accordance with the
2007 edition of the Florida Fire preven-tion Code. NFPA-312,
Standard for Fire Protection of Vessels During Construction,
Conversion, Repair, and Lay-Up, 2011 Edition provided the framework
for the report. Additional guidance was ob-tained from the
following NFPA standards:
1- NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2010
edition. 2- NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and
Maintenance of Water-Based Fire
Protection Systems, 2011 edition. 3- NFPA 30, Flammable and
Combustibles Liquid Code, 2008 edition 4- NFPA 51B, Standard for
Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work,
2009 edition. 5- NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, 2011
edition. 6- NFPA 86, Standard for Ovens and Furnaces, 2003 edition
7- NFPA 306, Standard for the Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels,
2009 edition. 8- NFPA 307, Standard for the Construction and Fire
Protection of Marine Terminals, Piers,
and Wharves, 2011 edition. 9- NFPA 312, Standard for Fire
Protection of Vessels During Construction, Conversion,
Repair, and Lay-Up, 2006 edition. III. Facility and Operation
Description The Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair Fa-cility services
yachts that vary in size from 140 to 230 feet in length. Most of
the work in this shipyard consists of painting the exterior with
coatings that will withstand harsh environments. The interior of
the vessels are not painted. The interior is sealed off during the
paint operations. The paints are Ure-thane types that are sprayed
on to the vessel. Because of the varying sizes of the boats it is
necessary to paint the boats in the space where they dock, on
water. Painting takes place up to the water
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
2
line. In order to accomplish this, a spray booth enclosure is
assembled around the boat. The enclosure is constructed of metal
scaffolding, treated wood planks, and wrapped in flame-retardant
polyethylene Dr. Shrink film. The booth enclosure is
air-conditioned and equipped with an exhaust system, by the stern
of the ship, provided with explosion-proof motors and a total
exhaust capaci-ty of 26,400 cfm. Make up air is by means of banks
of 2-ft x 2-ft media filters mounted on metal frames at the bow on
both sides of the en-closure to insure a laminar flow of air from
front to back of the vessel. Once the painting operations are
complete the booth is dismantled. Yachts are prepared for a period
of up to 4 months, and then painted over a period of between 3 days
and a week, depending on the size of the yacht. During the
preparation phase, blisters are sanded down to bare metal and
primed with a high build base, and old paint is removed. The
amounts of high build base to be utilized are small, in the range
of up to one pound at the time. The spray operations are done by an
outside contractor with profes-sional painters. There are two to
four painters working on a boat at any one time. Each painter uses
a High Volume, Low Pressure (HVLP) spray gun that is con-nected to
a two gallon pot. The pots are air pumped and are ar-ranged with
manual shut off valves to stop operations in an emergen-cy. The
boat is grounded during the spray operations to prevent static
sparks. The flash point of the paint is 102F with a lower
ex-plosive limit of 0.81 and an upper explosive limit of 15. The
paint is purchased and delivered to the site the day the painting
will occur. The maximum amount of paint applied in a 4 hour period
is 30 gallons. The paint, thinners and catalyst are stored in a U.
L. Listed flammable liquids locker. The locker is located at the
entrance to the booth for access.
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
3
The paint and catalyst are mixed in 10 gallon batches and the
re-mainder of the material is kept in a listed flammable liquids
con-tainer. The paint is time sensi-tive and has a pot life and can
only be mixed in small batches that will be used quickly. All
ma-terials used are kept in safety cans. All rags and waste are
stored in approved containers and are removed daily by the
contractor. The vessel is checked with hand-held explosion meters
to confirm that the area is safe be-fore work is begun. No
opera-tions will be done on the vessel if the readings are within
10 percent of the lower explosive limit. The paint enclosure booth
is not protected by a fixed fire suppression sprinkler system. The
concern of the fire department is fire suppression for the booth. A
spray booth is erected for each project at the time of painting. It
would be difficult to install a sprinkler or fire suppression
system in the booth. It is extremely likely that a fixed fire
suppression system would not operate. It is our opinion that a
fixed fire suppression system would not be of benefit in the booth.
With the idea that a fixed fire suppression system would be
ineffective, it is necessary to ad-dress the human side of fire
protection. This side is dependent upon procedures being followed
and humans recognizing the hazard involved and being vigilant to
reduce the likelihood of a fire. 20-pound dry chemical fire
ex-tinguishers are located every 20 ft inside the booth. This
allows for the manual extinguishment of a fire. In addition there
will be a fire watch provided with a telephone during set up for
spraying, spray operations, clean up and vent-ing of the booth.
Were a fire to occur, the guard will notify the fire department
right away. The painters in the area will be wearing protective
equipment and breathing apparatus.
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
4
Every day, personnel will inspect the vessel and use hand held
explosion meters to measure readings inside the vessel. It the
readings are within 10 percent of the LEL work will not resume on
the vessel or within 20 feet of the booth. Following painting of
the vessel the contractor removes waste materials from the site.
IV. Means of Egress The enclosure has been provided with four
exits: two through the back, and one on each side. Each exit has
been clearly marked. The allowable distance for a Special Purpose
Industrial Occupancy, unsprinklered, is 300 feet. The biggest
vessel to be serviced in this marina would be 230 feet long, with a
50 feet beam. Allowable travel distances are not exceeded. V.
Hazard Analysis
1- Inspection
General fire safety inspections are made by the fire safety
manager representing the shipyard during the entire repair period
to note and initiate actions to eliminate fire ha-zards or to
implement work procedures to keep these hazards to a minimum. An
inspection of a vessel is made by the fire safety manager
representing the shipyard to evaluate potential fire hazards as
soon as practicable after the vessel enters the re-pair yard and
before any work is started.
2- Rubbish, Waste Materials, Oil Spills, and General Care. Work
areas are kept clean. All accumulations and particularly
combustible rubbish refuse, and waste materials are collected and
disposed of daily. Uncrating of equipment or working materials is
accomplished before taking the contents aboard ship. Protective
coverings (e.g., tarpaulins) used to protect machinery and
equipment are ei-ther noncombustible or fire-retardant-approved
material.
3- Smoking Smoking is not permitted aboard any vessel. No
Smoking signs are prominently post-ed. All shipyard personnel and
contractors have been instructed on this requirement.
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
5
4- Storage of Explosives, Flammable Material, and Dangerous
Cargo
The shipyard does not allow for the storage of explosive,
flammable, or combustible ma-terials, excepting ships fuel and
standard ships stores in specifically designated spaces during
repair.
Vessels carrying explosives or other dangerous cargo such as
flammable gases, ha-zardous chemicals, and flammable liquids,
excepting ships fuel and standard ships stores in specifically
designated spaces, are not permitted to enter the shipyard until
such materials have been removed.
5- Use of Open-Flame or Spark-Emitting Devices and Fire Watch
The yard fire safety manager is responsible for ensuring that any
hot work or other fire- or spark-producing operations are carried
out with safety. A fire watch will be posted by the yard fire
safety manager if during hot work the follow-ing can occur: (1)
Slag, weld splatter, or sparks can cause a fire. (2) Fire-resistant
guards or curtains are not used to prevent ignition of combustible
materials on or near decks, bulkheads, partitions, or overheads.
(3) Combustible material closer than 35 ft (10.7 m) to the hot work
in either the horizontal or vertical direction cannot be removed,
protected with flameproof covers, or otherwise shielded with metal
or fire-resistant guards or curtains, so that the material is not
ignited by the hot work. (4) On or near insulation, combustible
coatings or sandwich type construction on either side cannot be
shielded, cut back or removed, or the space inerted. (5)
Combustible materials adjacent to the opposite sides of bulkheads,
decks, over heads, metal partitions, or of sandwich-type
construction can be ignited by conduction or radiation. (6) The hot
work is close enough to cause ignition through heat radiation or
conduction on the following:
(a) Insulated pipes, bulkheads, decks, partitions, or overheads
(b) Combustible materials and/or coatings
(7) The hot work is close enough to unprotected combustible pipe
or cable runs to cause ignition. (8) A person recognized by the
authority having jurisdiction such as a Marine Chemist, a Coast
Guardauthorized person, or a shipyard competent person requires
that a fire watch be posted. Persons acting as the fire watch shall
meet the following criteria: (1) Not be assigned other duties (2)
Have a clear view of and immediate access to all areas included in
the fire watch (3) Are able to communicate with workers exposed to
hot work, if necessary. (4) Remain in the hot work area for at
least 30 minutes after completion of the hot work, unless the fire
safety manager surveys the exposed area and makes a determination
that there is no further fire hazard (5) Are trained to detect
fires that occur in areas exposed to the hot work (6) Attempt to
extinguish any incipient-stage fires in the hot work area that are
within the capability of available equipment and within the fire
watchs training qualifications (7) Alert employees of any fire
beyond the incipient stage
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
6
(8) If unable to extinguish fire in the areas exposed to the hot
work, activate the alarm to start the evacuation procedure in
accordance with the fire prevention plan
6- Welding, Cutting, and Heating Apparatus
Welding, cutting, and heating apparatus shall be stored so as to
prevent tampering by unauthorized persons. Oxygen, acetylene, and
other flammable gas lines shall be disconnected at the source of
supply at the end of each working shift, and the discharge end of
the hose shall be re-moved from below decks or enclosed spaces.
During meal periods or other extended non-work periods, lines are
disconnected at the source of supply. Only oxygen, acetylene, and
other flammable gas hoses in good repair are used. Where gases are
supplied from portable cylinders, the portable cylinders are not
placed below the main deck, in confined spaces, or under
overhanging decks. Portable outlet headers from piped systems
comply with the provisions of NFPA 51B, Standard for Fire
Prevention during Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work.
7- Electric Welding Cables Electric welding cables shall be
inspected frequently, and cables with damaged insula-tion are
replaced. Cables are triced-up off steel decks, bulkheads, or
wherever possible to reduce the pos-sibility of short-circuiting or
grounding. Where cables run in areas of personnel traffic,
protection is provided to prevent crushing of the cables. When not
in use, electrodes are removed from holders and the holders placed
so that they do not cause arcing or electrical short circuits.
8- Heating Heating for the personal comfort of employees or for
curing of paint shall be done by means of hot air blowers ducted to
the space. Use of wood kindling fuel shall not be permitted.
Salamanders are not allowed.
9- Electrical Installations
Lighting: The vessels permanent lighting system shall be used
when conditions permit. Electric current to the vessels lighting
system shall be cut off when no work is being done, unless lights
are required for inspection and safety purposes, in which case the
vessels lighting system shall remain active.
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
7
Temporary, portable electric lights are used in accordance with
NFPA 70, National Elec-trical Code. Temporary Electrical
Installations: Temporary electrical wiring and equipment are
pro-tected from physical damage and are frequently inspected.
Defects in wiring, fixtures, or equipment of a type likely to
create hazardous conditions are promptly remedied. Circuits serving
portable equipment are grounded and provided with overcurrent
protec-tion and are disconnected when not in use. When temporary
wiring and equipment is needed in hazardous locations, such wiring
and equipment conforms to the provisions of Articles 500 through
503 of NFPA 70, Na-tional Electrical Code. Installation and
Maintenance: Temporary electrical wiring is installed and
maintained in a safe manner and is provided with overcurrent
protection. Temporary wiring and lamps shall not be placed in
direct contact with combustible mate-rials. Makeshift hangers, such
as nails, which could damage wiring insulations, shall not be used.
Where temporary wiring cables are run in areas of personnel, they
are triced-up to pre-vent physical damage. Protective guards have
been installed on all lights
10- Application of Paints and Other Flammable Compounds
No welding, burning, or other open-flame or spark producing
ma-chines or operations, such as chipping, grinding, and so forth,
are permitted in close proximity to the appli-cation of flammable
paints or other flamm-able compounds. Ventilation shall be provided
to maintain the atmosphere at no more than 10 percent of the lower
explosive limit or below the lower limit of toxicity for that
particular material, as determined by a certi-fied Marine
Chemist.
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
8
VI. Performance Calculations. Is Atmosphere Below 10 % of
LEL
1- Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): The lowest concentration
(percentage) of a gas or a vapor in air capable of producing a
flash of fire in presence of an ignition source (arc, flame, heat).
At a concentration in air below the LEL there is not enough fuel to
continue an ex-plosion. Concentrations lower than the LEL are "too
lean" to explode but may still defla-grate. Methane gas has a LEL
of 4.4% (at 138 degrees C) by volume, meaning 4.4% of the total
volume of the air consists of methane. At 20 degrees C the LEL is
5.1 % by vo-lume. If the atmosphere has less than 5.1% methane, an
explosion cannot occur even if a source of ignition is present.
When methane (CH4) concentration reaches 5.1% an ex-plosion can
occur if there is an ignition source. LEL concentrations vary
greatly between combustible gases.
Below the explosive or flammable range the mixture is too lean
to burn and above the upper explosive or flammable limit the
mixture is too rich to burn. The limits are com-monly called the
"Lower Explosive or Flammable Limit" (LEL/LFL) and the "Upper
Explo-sive or Flammable Limit" (UEL/UFL).
2- Characteristic of Paint Utilized
The paints utilized at the Dania Cut Shipyard (see MSDS in
appendix) have an LEL of 0.81 % in air and a flash point of 102 0F.
The most plentiful solvent component in the paint, by weight, is
propanoate at 25-50 % by weight. The paint also contains other
sol-vents such as benzene (0.1 1 % by weight), ether acetate (10-25
% by weight), diiso-butylketone (1.0 to 10 % by weight
3- Calculation of Vapors Produced by a Gallon of Paint In
accordance with NFPA 86 Standard for Ovens and Furnaces, 2003
edition, the cu-bic feet of vapor produced by liquid containing
solvents can be calculated by the follow-ing method: 9.2.6.2.3*
Method for Calculating Solvent Safety Ventilation Rate. Determine
the cubic feet of vapor per gallon of solvent using the following:
(1) One gallon of water weighs 8.328 lb at 70F. . (2) Dry air at
70F and 29.9 in. Hg weighs 0.075 lb/ft3. (3) SpGr = specific
gravity of solvent (water = 1.0). (4) VD = vapor density of solvent
vapor (air = 1.0). (5) LELT = lower explosive limit expressed in
percent by volume
The most abundant solvent in the paint is propanoate, at 25-50 %
by weight. The worst possible condition would exist when 100 % of
the paint is composed totally of propa-noate with the following
characteristics: SpGr = 0.78 VD = 3.52
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
9
(8.328/0.075) (0.78/3.52) = 24.61 ft3 of vapors for every gallon
of paint
4- Capacity and Arrangement of Ventilation System
The booth enclosure is equipped with an exhaust system, by the
stern of the ship, pro-vided with explosion-proof motors and a
total exhaust capacity of 26,400 cfm. Make up air is by means of
banks of 2-ft x 2-ft media filters mounted on metal frames at the
bow, on both sides of the enclosure, to insure a laminar flow of
air from front to back of the vessel.
5- Volume of Worst Case Enclosure
The Dania Cut Repair Facility handles yachts up to a length of
230 feet, or 250 enclosed (10-ft front, 10-ft back). With an
enclosure beam of 50 feet and a height of 50 feet, the resulting
enclosure volume would be equal to V = 250 x 50 x 50 = 625,000 ft3.
80 % of this volume is occupied by the yacht, so the volume to
ventilate is 625,000 x 0.20 = 125,000 ft3.
6- Calculation of Ventilation Rate
Mechanical ventilation = 26,400 cfm Volume to ventilate =
125,000 ft3
125,000 ft3 / 26,400 ft3 / min = 4.73 min A/C or 12.68 A/C per
hour.
7- Calculation of LEL under Worst Possible Conditions
According to shipyard records, up to 30 gallons of paint will be
dispensed in a 4 hour pe-riod. That works out to 240 minutes / 30
gallons, or 8 minutes per gallon. In accordance with the
calculations in point 3 above, 24.61 ft3 of vapors will be produced
for every gallon of paint dispensed. Then, in one minute, 24.61 ft3
/ 8 minutes = 3.08 ft3 of vapor will be released. The total volume
is 125,000 ft3, or 100 % of the volume, and 3.08 ft3 of vapor would
have a concentration of: 3.08 x 100 / 125,000 = 0.0024 % Since the
ventilation rate is 26,400 cfm then 3.08 x 100 / 26,400 = 0.01 %.
Conclusion: since the LEL required to sustain ignition is 0.81 %,
the mixture is too lean and no combustion can occur.
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - July 26, 2011 Dania, Florida
FPI Project No. 11-4044
10
VII. Conclusion and Recommendations There are two elements
required for combustion in an enclosure: a flammable vapor and a
source of ignition. A hazard analysis has proven that sources of
combustion are properly con-trolled. In addition, an LEL analysis
has shown that the LEL in the enclosure can reach up to 0.0024 % by
volume (when the required LEL for combustion is 0.81 %), and that
constant venti-lation insures that this number does not rise above
dangerous levels. Combustion is unlikely. Having determined that,
to maintain that level of life safety the two factors involved,
control of sources of ignition, and maintenance of the LEL 10 %
below 0.81 % have to be observed all of the time. The shipyard has
a fire safety manager who monitors safety conditions and all
processes and who makes sure that sources of ignition are kept
under control at all times. To maintain the LEL at a level lower
than 10 % of the LEL required to sustain ignition, it is hereby
proposed to utilize an RIK Instrumentation continuous monitoring
assembly which is composed of a central controller, and two LEL
detectors, one at the front of the enclosure, and one at the back,
by the exhaust fans. The detectors would be attached to audiovisual
notification devices (horn, strobe, and beacon). Should the
monitoring apparatus indicate an LEL value greater than 10 % of the
LEL paint value of 0.81 %, then the audiovisual devices would be
activated and the painting would come to a stop.
-
THE FIRE PROTECTION INTERNATIONAL CONSORTIUM, INC. West Region
Warde Comeaux 3600 Clayton Rd. Ste. E Concord, CA 94521 Ph: (925)
825.4643 Fax: (925) 691.4367 [email protected]
Central Region Gerald Schultz, P.E. 1202N 75th St. #279 Downers
Grove, IL 60516 Ph: (630) 985.3106 Fax: (630) 985.3114
[email protected]
East Region Rick Galvez, P.E. 9702 SW 57th St. Cooper City, FL
33328 Ph: (305) 915-0488 Fax: (866) 520-7838 [email protected]
FIRE PROTECTION - LIFE SAFETY - CODE CONSULTING - PERFORMANCE
BASED DESIGN
PROPOSED ALTERNATE METHOD OF COMPLIANCE
DANIA CUT SUPER YACHT REPAIR FACILITY DANIA, FLORIDA
Prepared for:
Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair Facility
Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair
[email protected] 760 NE 7th Avenue
Dania Beach, Florida 33004 (954) 923-9545 tel
September 16, 2011
Prepared by:
_________________________ Rick Galvez, P.E.
Senior Engineer
Reviewed by:
___________________________
Jerry Schultz, P.E. Principal
bbenedettiText Box ATTACHMENT No. A5d
-
Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - September 16, 2011 Dania,
Florida FPI Project No. 11-4044
FIRE PROTECTION - LIFE SAFETY - CODE CONSULTING - PERFORMANCE
BASED DESIGN
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction
_______________________________________________________________
1
II. Code Requirements
_________________________________________________________ 1
III. Facility and Operation Description
_____________________________________________ 1
IV. Means of Egress
________________________________________________________ 4
V. Hazard Analysis
________________________________________________________ 4
1- Inspection
_____________________________________________________________ 4
2- Enclosure Materials
______________________________________________________ 4
3- Grounding
_____________________________________________________________ 4
4- Water Supply
___________________________________________________________ 4
5- Personnel Not Allowed on Board during Painting
_______________________________ 4
6- Separation from Other Occupancies
_________________________________________ 5
7- Rubbish, Waste Materials, Oil Spills, and General Care.
_________________________ 5
8- Smoking
______________________________________________________________
5
9- Power Tools
___________________________________________________________ 5
10- Storage of Explosives, Flammable Material, and Dangerous
Cargo _______________ 5
11- Use of Open-Flame or Spark-Emitting Devices and Fire Watch
__________________ 5
12- Welding, Cutting, and Heating Apparatus
___________________________________ 6
13- Electric Welding Cables
_________________________________________________ 7
14- Heating
_____________________________________________________________ 7
15- Electrical Installations
__________________________________________________ 7
16- Application of Paints and Other Flammable Compounds
_______________________ 7
VI. Performance Calculations. Atmosphere Below 10 % of LEL
______________________ 8
1- Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)
_______________________________________________ 8
2- Characteristic of Paints Utilized
____________________________________________ 8
3- Calculation of Vapors Produced by a Gallon of Paint
____________________________ 8
4- Capacity and Arrangement of Ventilation System
_______________________________ 9
5- Volume of Worst Case Enclosure
___________________________________________ 9
6- Calculation of Ventilation Rate
_____________________________________________ 9
7- Calculation of LEL under Worst Possible Conditions
____________________________ 9
VII. Consequence Analysis Exposure Fire
_______________________________________ 10
Effect of Fire on adjacent Yachts NRC Point Source Radiation
Model ________________ 10
Fire Size
_________________________________________________________________
13
Maximum Heat Flux The Need for Barriers
_____________________________________ 13
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Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair - - September 16, 2011 Dania,
Florida FPI Project No. 11-4044
ii
VIII. Conclusion The Issue
___________________________________________________ 13
IX. Alternate Proposal Equivalencies NFPA 1, Par. 1.4.6.1
_________________________ 14
Part 1 Procedures Manual
__________________________________________________ 14
Part 2 Continuous Monitoring of LEL
_________________________________________ 14
Part 3 Continuous Monitoring of Ventilation System
______________________________ 15
Part 4 Automatic Interruption of Air Supply to Spray Guns
_________________________ 15
APPENDIX Attachment A Paint MSDS Attachment B Flame-Retardant
Polyethylene film MSDS and test data Attachment C LEL Monitoring
Forms Attachment D Responsible Person Checklist
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FIRE PROTECTION - LIFE SAFETY - CODE CONSULTING - PERFORMANCE
BASED DESIGN
1
I. Introduction The Fire Protection International Consortium
(FPI) has been retained by the Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair
Facility to perform a fire hazard risk analysis of their shipyard
located in the City of Dania. The intent of this analysis is to
analyze the operation, identify areas of concern in the field of
life safety and fire protection, and to propose performance
solutions for consideration by the AHJ. This analysis is focused on
the protection of yachts undergoing painting in outside membrane
enclosures made out of flame retardant materials and scaffolding
frames, in and out of water. II. Code Requirements This analysis
has been prepared in accordance with the 2007 edition of the
Florida Fire preven-tion Code (FFPC), specifically the provisions
of FFPC NFPA 1, par. 1.4.6.1 Equivalencies. NFPA-312, Standard for
Fire Protection of Vessels During Construction, Conversion, Repair,
and Lay-Up, 2011 Edition provided the framework for the report.
Additional guidance was ob-tained from the following NFPA
standards:
1- NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2002
edition. 2- NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and
Maintenance of Water-Based Fire
Protection Systems, 2002 edition. 3- NFPA 30, Flammable and
Combustibles Liquid Code, 2003 edition
NFPA 33, Standard for Spray Application Using Flammable or
Combustible Materials, 2003 Edition
4- NFPA 51B, Standard for Fire Prevention During Welding,
Cutting, and Other Hot Work, 2003 edition.
5- NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, 2005 edition. 6- NFPA 86,
Standard for Ovens and Furnaces, 2003 edition 7- NFPA 101, Life
Safety Code, 2006 edition 8- NFPA 306, Standard for the Control of
Gas Hazards on Vessels, 2009 edition. 9- NFPA 307, Standard for the
Construction and Fire Protection of Marine Terminals, Piers,
and Wharves, 2006 edition. 10- NFPA 312, Standard for Fire
Protection of Vessels During Construction, Conversion,
Repair, and Lay-Up, 2006 edition. III. Facility and Operation
Description The Dania Cut Super Yacht Repair Facility services
yachts that vary in size from 140 up to 230 feet in length. Most of
the work in this shipyard consists of painting the exterior with
coatings that will withstand harsh environments. The interior of
the vessels are not painted. The interior is sealed off during the
paint operations utilizing NFPA 701 approved materials. The paints
are Urethane types that are sprayed on to the vessel. The occupancy
is classified by NFPA 101 as Industrial, and there are no other
occupancies present on the property. The whole property is owned by
one entity.
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Painting takes place with yachts in the water, or on dry land.
Be-cause of the varying sizes of the boats it is sometimes
necessary to paint the boats in the space where they dock, on
water, and in that case, a floating boom is placed all around the
yacht to prevent contamination of the surrounding water by the
paint utilized, and painting takes place up to the water line. The
fire safety manager insures that all environmental regulations are
complied with. A membrane enclosure is as-sembled around the boat,
either on the water, or on dry land. The enclosure is constructed
of metal scaffolding, treated wood planks, and wrapped in
flame-retardant polyethylene film. Membrane assemblies are
separated from each other by at least 20 feet. The fire safety
manager supervises all scaffolding operations to insure compliance
with OSHA 1926 Subpart L, Scaffolds. The enclosure is
air-conditioned and equipped with an exhaust system, provided with
explosion-proof motors and with a minimal exhaust capacity required
to maintain safe LEL levels. Make up air is by means of banks of
2-ft x 2-ft media filters mounted on metal frames at the bow on
both sides of the enclosure to insure a laminar flow of air from
front to back of the vessel. Once the painting operations are
complete the membrane enclosure is dismantled and the
flame-retardant film is recycled. The film is not reused. Yachts
are prepared for a period of up to 4 months, and then paint is
applied over a period of be-tween one and 12 days, depend-ing on
the size of the yacht. During the preparation phase, blisters are
sanded down to bare metal and primed with a high build base, and
old paint is re-moved. The amounts of high build base utilized are
small, in the range of up to one pound at the time. The spray
operations are carried out by outside professional pain-
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ter contractors. There are two to four painters working on a
boat at any one time. Each painter uses a High Volume, Low Pressure
(HVLP) spray gun that is connected to a one-gallon pot. The pots
are air pumped and are arranged with manual shut off valves to stop
operations in an emergency. The boat is grounded to prevent static
buildup. The flash point of the paint is 102F with a lower
explosive limit of 0.81 and an upper explosive limit of 15. The
paint is delivered to the site the day the painting occurs. The
maximum amount of paint applied in a 4 hour period is 30 gallons.
The paint, thinners and catalyst are stored in a U. L. Listed
flammable liquids locker. The locker and mixing station are located
at least 20 feet away from the enclosure. The paint and catalyst
are mixed in 10 gallon batches and the rest of the ma-terial is
kept in a listed flammable liquids container. The paint is time
sensitive and has a pot life and can only be mixed in small batches
that must be used quickly. All materials used are kept in safety
cans. All rags and waste are stored in approved containers and are
removed daily by the contractor. The vessel is checked with
hand-held explosion meters to confirm that the area is safe before
work is begun. No operations will be done on the vessel if the
readings are within 10 percent of the lower explosive limit.
20-pound dry chemical fire extinguishers are located every 30 ft
inside the enclosure. This al-lows for the manual extinguishment of
a fire. Shore hydrants with hose connections are pro-vided for use
by the fire department. In addition, a fire watch provided with a
radio and/or telephone is present during set up for spraying, spray
operations, clean up and venting of the enclosure. The painters
wear protective equipment and breathing apparatus. Each paint team
is composed of three members: spray man, hose man, and safety
per-son (competent man). Every day, personnel will inspect the
vessel and properly trained personnel will use hand-held LEL meter
to meas-ure readings inside the enclosure. If the readings are
within 10 percent of the LEL work will not resume on the vessel or
within 20 feet of the enclosure. Following painting of the vessel
the con-tractor removes waste materials from the site.
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IV. Means of Egress The enclosure has been provided with proper
exiting. Each exit has been clearly marked. The allowable travel
distance for an Industrial Occupancy, unsprinklered, is 300 feet.
The biggest vessel to be serviced in this marina would be 230 feet
long, with a 50 feet beam. Allowable travel distances are not
exceeded. All areas of the enclo-sure have an exit within line of
sight. V. Hazard Analysis
1- Inspection
General fire safety inspections are made by the fire safety
manager representing the shipyard during the entire repair period
to note and initiate actions to eliminate fire ha-zards or to
implement work procedures to eliminate these hazards. An inspection
of a vessel is made by the fire safety manager representing the
shipyard to evaluate potential fire hazards after the vessel enters
the repair yard and before any work is started.
2- Enclosure Materials
The yacht to be painted is en-closed by a scaffold frame
cov-ered in flame-retardant polye-thylene certified to NFPA 701.
The flame-retardant film meets NFPA 701 specifications.
3- Grounding
The boat, as well as the scaf-fold and enclosure, is grounded to
prevent the buildup of static electricity.
4- Water Supply Shore hydrants with hose connections are
provided for use by the fire department to reach all around a
yacht. There are Fire hydrants on the street and the supply is
reliable.
5- Personnel Not Allowed on Board during Painting During
painting operations, no personnel other than paint or safety
personnel are al-lowed on board the vessel.
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6- Separation from Other Occupancies There are no assembly,
educational, institutional, or residential occupancies in the
shi-pyard. The only occupancy allowed is industrial.
7- Rubbish, Waste Materials, Oil Spills, and General Care. Work
areas are kept clean. All accumulations and particularly
combustible rubbish refuse, and waste materials are collected and
disposed of daily. Fire safety manager in-sures that there is no
excessive accumulation of waste materials at any time. Uncrating of
equipment or working materials is accomplished before taking the
contents aboard ship. Protective coverings (e.g., tarpaulins) used
to protect machinery and equipment is either noncombustible or
fire-retardant-approved material.
8- Smoking Smoking is not permitted aboard any vessel. No
Smoking signs are prominently posted inside and outside the
enclosure. All shipyard personnel and contractors have been
in-structed on this requirement. No smoking is allowed inside the
enclosure at any time, or 20-ft anywhere around the vessel.
9- Power Tools Power tools are air-driven. No electric tools are
allowed during painting operations.
10- Storage of Explosives, Flammable Material, and Dangerous
Cargo
The shipyard does not allow for the storage of explosive,
flammable, or combustible ma-terials, excepting ships fuel and
standard ships stores in specifically designated spaces during
repair.
Vessels carrying explosives or other dangerous cargo such as
flammable gases, ha-zardous chemicals, and flammable liquids,
excepting ships fuel and standard ships stores in specifically
designated spaces, are not permitted to enter the shipyard until
such materials have been removed.
11- Use of Open-Flame or Spark-Emitting Devices and Fire Watch
The yard fire safety manager is responsible for ensuring that any
hot work or other fire- or spark-producing operations are carried
out with safety. No welding, burning, or other open-flame or spark
producing machines or operations, such as chipping, grinding, and
so forth, are permitted in close proximity to the application of
flammable paints or other flammable compounds in accordance with
the requirements of NFPA 51B -. Standard for Fire Prevention During
Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work, 2003 edition. Fire-resistant
guards or curtains are used to prevent ignition of combustible
materials on or near decks, bulkheads, partitions, or overheads. A
fire watch is posted by the yard fire safety manager during hot
work in accordance with hot work procedures in place.
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(1) Slag, weld splatter, or sparks can cause a fire. (2)
Combustible material closer than 35 ft (10.7 m) to the hot work in
either the horizontal or vertical direction cannot be removed,
protected with flameproof covers, or otherwise shielded with metal
or fire-resistant guards or curtains, so that the material is not
ignited by the hot work. (3) On or near insulation, combustible
coatings or sandwich type construction on either side cannot be
shielded, cut back or removed, or the space inerted. (4)
Combustible materials adjacent to the opposite sides of bulkheads,
decks, over heads, metal partitions, or of sandwich-type
construction can be ignited by conduction or radiation. (5) The hot
work is close enough to cause ignition through heat radiation or
conduction on the following:
(a) Insulated pipes, bulkheads, decks, partitions, or overheads
(b) Combustible materials and/or coatings
(6) The hot work is close enough to unprotected combustible pipe
or cable runs to cause ignition. (7) A person recognized by the
authority having jurisdiction such as a Marine Chemist, a Coast
Guardauthorized person, or a shipyard competent person requires
that a fire watch be posted. Persons acting as the fire watch meet
the following criteria and are certified as compe-tent persons in
accordance with OSHA 1919.35 and NFPA 51B. (1) Are not assigned
other duties (2) Have a clear view of and immediate access to all
areas included in the fire watch (3) Are able to communicate with
workers exposed to hot work. (4) Remain in the hot work area for at
least 30 minutes after completion of the hot work. (5) Are trained
to detect fires that occur in areas exposed to the hot work (6)
Attempt to extinguish any incipient-stage fires in the hot work
area that are within the capability of available equipment and
within the fire watchs training qualifications (7) Alert employees
of any fire beyond the incipient stage (8) If unable to extinguish
fire in the areas exposed to the hot work, activate the alarm to
start the evacuation procedure in accordance with the fire
prevention plan
12- Welding, Cutting, and Heating Apparatus
Welding, cutting, and heating apparatus are stored so as to
prevent tampering by unau-thorized persons. Oxygen, acetylene, and
other flammable gas lines are disconnected at the source of supply
at the end of each working shift, and the discharge end of the hose
is removed from below decks or enclosed spaces. During meal periods
or other extended non-work periods, lines are disconnected at the
source of supply. Only oxygen, acetylene, and other flammable gas
hoses in good repair are used.
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Where gases are supplied from portable cylinders, the portable
cylinders are not placed below the main deck, in confined spaces,
or under overhanging decks. Portable outlet headers from piped
systems comply with the provisions of NFPA 51B, Standard for Fire
Prevention during Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work.
13- Electric Welding Cables Electric welding cables are
inspected frequently, and cables with damaged insulation are
replaced. Where cables run in areas of personnel traffic,
protection is provided to prevent crushing of the cables. When not
in use, electrodes are removed from holders and the holders placed
so that they do not cause arcing or electrical short circuits.
14- Heating Heating for the personal comfort of employees or for
curing of paint is done only by means of hot air blowers ducted to
the space. Blowers feature explosion proof motors.
15- Electrical Installations
All paint operations are carried out only during daylight hours.
All power tools utilized during painting operations are air-driven.
Temporary electrical lights are not utilized.
16- Application of Paints and Other Flammable Compounds
No welding, burning, or other open-flame or spark producing
ma-chines or operations, such as chipping, grinding, and so forth,
are permitted in close proximity to the appli-cation of flammable
paints or other flamm-able compounds, nor during painting
opera-tions. Ventilation is provided at all times to maintain the
atmosphere at no more than 10 percent of the lower explosive limit
or below the lower limit of toxicity of the paints utilized.
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VI. Performance Calculations. Atmosphere Below 10 % of LEL
1- Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): The lowest concentration
(percentage) of a gas or a vapor in air capable of producing a
flash of fire in presence of an ignition source (arc, flame, heat).
At a concentration in air below the LEL there is not enough fuel to
continue an ex-plosion. Concentrations lower than the LEL are "too
lean" to explode but may still defla-grate. Methane gas has a LEL
of 4.4% (at 138 degrees C) by volume, meaning 4.4% of the total
volume of the air consists of methane. At 20 degrees C the LEL is
5.1 % by vo-lume. If the atmosphere has less than 5.1% methane, an
explosion cannot occur even if a source of ignition is present.
When methane (CH4) concentration reaches 5.1% an ex-plosion can
occur if there is an ignition source. LEL concentrations vary
greatly between combustible gases.
Below the explosive or flammable range the mixture is too lean
to burn and above the upper explosive or flammable limit the
mixture is too rich to burn. The limits are com-monly called the
"Lower Explosive or Flammable Limit" (LEL/LFL) and the "Upper
Explo-sive or Flammable Limit" (UEL/UFL).
2- Characteristic of Paints Utilized
The paints utilized at the Dania Cut Shipyard (see MSDS in
appendix) have an LEL of 0.81 % in air and a flash point of 102 0F.
All paints utilized have the same composition and the only thing to
change with color is the pigment utilized. MSDS documentation for
white, gray, blue, red and green paints is included in the
appendix. The most plentiful solvent component in the paints, by
weight, is propanoate at 25-50 % by weight. The paint also contains
other solvents such as benzene (0.1 1 % by weight), ether acetate
(10-25 % by weight), diisobutylketone (1.0 to 10 % by weight,
binders and pigments.
3- Calculation of Vapors Produced by a Gallon of Paint In
accordance with NFPA 86 Standard for Ovens and Furnaces, 2003
edition, the cu-bic feet of vapor produced by liquid containing
solvents can be calculated by the follow-ing method: 9.2.6.2.3*
Method for Calculating Solvent Safety Ventilation Rate. Determine
the cubic feet of vapor per gallon of solvent using the following:
(1) One gallon of water weighs 8.328 lb at 70F. . (2) Dry air at
70F and 29.9 in. Hg weighs 0.075 lb/ft3. (3) SpGr = specific
gravity of solvent (water = 1.0). (4) VD = vapor density of solvent
vapor (air = 1.0). (5) LELT = lower explosive limit expressed in
percent by volume
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The most common solvent in the paint is propanoate, at 25-50 %
by weight. The worst possible condition would exist when 100 % of
the paint is composed totally of propa-noate with the following
characteristics: SpGr = 0.78 VD = 3.52 (8.328/0.075) (0.78/3.52) =
24.61 ft3 of vapors for every gallon of paint
4- Capacity and Arrangement of Ventilation System
The membrane enclosure is equipped with an exhaust system, by
the stern of the ship, provided with explosion-proof motors and a
total exhaust capacity of 26,400 cfm. Make up air is by means of
banks of 2-ft x 2-ft media filters mounted on metal frames at the
bow, on both sides of the enclosure, to insure a laminar flow of
air from front to back of the vessel.
5- Volume of Worst Case Enclosure
The Dania Cut Repair Facility handles yachts up to a length of
230 feet, or 250 enclosed (10-ft front, 10-ft back). With an
enclosure beam of 50 feet and a height of 50 feet, the resulting
enclosure volume would be equal to V = 250 x 50 x 50 = 625,000 ft3.
80 % of this volume is occupied by the yacht, so the volume to
ventilate is 625,000 x 0.20 = 125,000 ft3.
6- Calculation of Ventilation Rate
Mechanical ventilation = 26,400 cfm Volume to ventilate =
125,000 ft3
125,000 ft3 / 26,400 ft3 / min = 4.73 min A/C or 12.68 A/C per
hour.
7- Calculation of LEL under Worst Possible Conditions
According to shipyard records, up to 30 gallons of paint will be
dispensed in a 4 hour pe-riod. That works out to 240 minutes / 30
gallons, or 8 minutes per gallon. In accordance with the
calculations in point 3 above, 24.61 ft3 of vapors will be produced
for every gallon of paint dispensed. Then, in one minute, 24.61 ft3
/ 8 minutes = 3.08 ft3 of vapor will be released. The ventilation
rate is 26,400 cfm and the fans remove vapors on a constant basis
so that the LEL is not reached. The total volume of the enclosure
is 125,000 ft3, or 100 % of the volume, and 3.08 ft3 of vapor would
have a concentration of: 3.08 x 100 / 125,000 = 0.0024 %.
Conclusion: since the LEL required to sustain ignition is 0.81 %,
the mixture is too lean and no combustion can occur provided
continuous ventilation is maintained.
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VII. Consequence Analysis Exposure Fire What would happen if the
ventilation system were to stop operating for a period of at least
15 minutes AND the painters did not notice and continued to paint,
AND the alarm and detection systems did not operate, AND somebody
lit up a cigarette and this caused a fire. The approach requires
the calculation of the weight of propane in the air inside the
enclosure after the ventilation system has stopped working for 15
minutes. This scenario requires four failures in series. One cubic
foot of propane weighs 0.1162 lbs. According to shipyard records,
up to 30 gallons of paint will be dispensed in a 4 hour period.
That works out to 240 minutes / 30 gallons, or 8 minutes per
gallon. In accordance with the calculations in Section VI, part 3,
24.61 ft3 of vapors will be produced for every gallon of paint
dispensed. Then, in one minute, 24.61 ft3 / 8 minutes = 3.08 ft3 of
vapor will be released, and in 15 minutes, 15 x 3.08 ft3 = 46.20
ft3 of propane va-pors will be released into the enclosure Before
the analysis is conducted, the following question must be answered:
is a deflagration possible with 46.203 ft3 of propane vapors in the
enclosure. The volume of the enclosure is 125,000 ft2. LEL = 100 x
46.20 / 125,000 = 0.04 % Conclusion: 0.04 % represents roughly 5 %
of the LEL required to sustain ignition, 0.81 %. Since the LEL
required to sustain ignition is 0.81 %, even after 15 minutes of
failure of the venti-lation system, ignition is unlikely. Effect of
Fire on adjacent Yachts NRC Point Source Radiation Model The
calculation above shows that ignition is unlikely, as the LEL
required to sustain ignition is not reached, even after failure of
the ventilation system to operate for 15 minutes, and malfunc-tion
of the detection, and fire alarm systems. Nevertheless, a
consequence analysis will be conducted to establish the effects of
a fully involved fire in one yacht on adjacent yachts. A fire will
be modeled utilizing the Point Source Radiation Model spreadsheet
published by the Nuc-lear Regulatory Commission. The choice of the
design-basis fire is one of the most critical steps of this
process. It should cor-relate to the most unfavorable, plausible
fuel load present in the space where the fire is being modeled. It
should take into account the amounts and characteristics of the
combustible mate-rials present, as well as their spatial
arrangement and continuity. The most unfavorable scenario to
account for a fully developed fire in a yacht with exposure to
other surrounding vessels would be a fully developed gasoline pool
fire with a footprint of 80 ft2. This would simulate a fire with a
diameter of 10 feet, which correlates to a beam dimension of 25
feet, or a walkway of 7.5 feet on each side of the yacht. The other
factor that is critical in this process is to establish clearly the
separation distance be-tween yachts. This distance, as measured in
the field, is 20 feet from hull to hull amidships. The model
utilizes the distance R from the virtual center of the fire to the
target (see figure be-low). For conservative purposes, this
distance will be taken as 15 feet.
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It must be stated that the flame retardant polyethylene wrap
utilized to create the painting en-closure meets the requirements
of NFPA 701 - Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Prop-agation
of Textiles and Films and it does not support ignition. Therefore,
the enclosure to enclo-sure separation does not define the critical
distance for reception of radiant energy. This dis-tance is the
separation between hulls, as this simulation seeks to establish if
the largest possi-ble fully developed fire in one yacht would cause
enough radiant energy to impinge upon the hull of an adjoining
vessel to the point where the piloted ignition of cellulosic
material would be possible.
SFPE Handbook, 3rd edition, page 3-274
CHAPTER 5. ESTIMATING RADIANT HEAT FLUX FROM FIRE TO A
TARGETFUEL AT GROUND LEVEL UNDER WIND-FREE CONDITION POINT SOURCE
RADIATION MODELVersion 1805.0The following calculations estimate
the radiative heat flux from a pool fire to a target fuel.The
purpose of this calculation is to estimate the radiation
transmitted from a burning fuel array to a targetfuel positioned
some distance from the fire at ground level to determine if
secondary ignitions are likely with no wind.Parameters in YELLOW
CELLS are Entered by the User.Parameters in GREEN CELLS are
Automatically Selected from the DROP DOWN MENU for the Fuel
Selected.All subsequent output values are calculated by the
spreadsheet and based on values specified in the inputparameters.
This spreadsheet is protected and secure to avoid errors due to a
wrong entry in a cell(s).The chapter in the NUREG should be read
before an analysis is made.
INPUT PARAMETERS
Mass Burning Rate of Fuel (m") 0.055 kg/m2-secEffective Heat of
Combustion of Fuel ( Hc,ef f ) FALSE 43700 kJ/kgEmpirical Constant
(k ) 2.1 m-1
Heat Release Rate (Q) 17835.44 kWFuel Area or Dike Area (Adike)
80.00 ft2 7.43 m2
Distance between Fire and Target (L) 15.00 ft 4.572 mRadiative
Fraction r) 0.30
OPTIONAL CALCULATION FOR GIVEN HEAT RELEASE RATESelect "User
Specified Value" from Fuel Type Menu and Enter Your HRR here ?
kW
Calculate
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THERMAL PROPERTIES DATA BURNING RATE DATA FOR FUELS
Mass Burning RateEmpirical Constant Select Fuel Type
m" (kg/m2-sec) k m
Methanol 0.017 100 Scroll to desired fuel type then Ethanol
0.015 100 Click on selectionButane 0.078 2.7Benzene 0.085 2.7Hexane
0.074 1.9Heptane 0.101 1.1Xylene 0.09 1.4Acetone 0.041 1.9Dioxane
0.018 5.4Diethy Ether 0.085 0.7Benzine 0.048 3.6Gasoline 0.055
2.1Kerosine 0.039 3.5Diesel 0.045 2.1JP-4 0.051 3.6JP-5 0.054
1.6Transformer Oil, Hydrocarbon 0.039 0.7561 Silicon Transformer
Fluid 0.005 28,100 100Fuel Oil, Heavy 0.035 1.7Crude Oil 0.0335
2.8Lube Oil 0.039 0.7Douglas Fir Plywood 0.01082 10,900 100User
Specified Value Enter Value Enter ValueReference: SFPE Handbook of
Fire Protection Engineering , 3rd Edition, 2002, Page 3-26.
26,80045,70040,10044,700
Fuel Heat of Combustion
Hc,ef f (kJ/kg)
20,000
34,20044,70043,70043,200
44,60040,80025,80026,200
44,400
42,60046,000
Enter Value
43,50043,00046,000
39,700
Gasoline
ESTIMATING RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX TO A TARGET FUEL
Reference: SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering , 3rd
Edition, 2002, Page 3-272.
POINT SOURCE RADIATION MODELq" = Q r / 4 R2
Where q" = incident radiative heat flux on the target (kW/m2)Q =
pool fire heat release rate (kW)
r = radiative fractionR = distance from center of the pool fire
to edge of the target (m)
Pool Fire Diameter CalculationAdike = D2/4D = ?(4Adike/ )Where
Adike = surface area of pool fire (m2)
D = pool fire diamter (m) D = 3.08 m Heat Release Rate
CalculationQ = m" Hc,ef f (1 - e-k D) AfWhere Q = pool fire heat
release rate (kW)
m" = mass burning rate of fuel per unit surface area
(kg/m2-sec)Hc = effective heat of combustion of fuel (kJ/kg)
Af = surface area of pool fire (area involved in vaporization)
(m2)k = empirical constant (m-1)D