TECHNICAL APPENDIX A7.1: ORNITHOLOGY TECHNICAL REPORT › planx_downloads › A7.1... · There is one SPA within 20 km of the core survey area boundary: South Pennine Moors SPA. The

Gorpley Wind Farm Technical Appendix A7.1 Environmental Statement Ornithology Technical Report

Kelda Water Services October 2012

TECHNICAL APPENDIX A7.1: ORNITHOLOGY TECHNICAL REPORT

Technical Appendix A7.1 Gorpley Wind Farm Ornithology Technical Report

Kelda Water Services Arcus Renewable Energy Consulting Ltd October 2012 Page i

TECHNICAL APPENDIX 7.1

GORPLEY WIND FARM

ORNITHOLOGY TECHNICAL REPORT

Prepared By:

Arcus Renewable Energy Consulting Ltd Suite 2F, Swinegate Court East

3 Swinegate York

YO1 8AJ

T. 01904 715 470

E. [email protected] W. www.arcusrenewables.co.uk

October 2012


Kelda Water Services Arcus Renewable Energy Consulting Ltd October 2012 Page ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

7 ORNITHOLOGY TECHNICAL REPORT ........................................................................ 1

7.1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................. 1

7.2 DESK STUDY ................................................................................................... 1

7.2.1 Statutory Designated Sites .................................................................................. 2

7.2.2 Non-statutory Designated Sites ............................................................................ 4

7.2.3 Protected and Notable Species ............................................................................. 4

7.2.4 Data Requests and Existing Data ......................................................................... 7

7.3 BASELINE SURVEY METHODS ........................................................................ 8

7.3.1 Breeding Bird Survey .......................................................................................... 8

7.3.2 Breeding Raptor and Owl Survey.......................................................................... 9

7.3.3 Flight Activity Survey ......................................................................................... 10

7.3.4 Winter Walkover Survey ..................................................................................... 11

7.3.5 Nocturnal Golden Plover Survey .......................................................................... 11

7.4 BASELINE SURVEY RESULTS ........................................................................ 12

7.4.1 Breeding Bird Survey 2011 ................................................................................. 12

7.4.2 Breeding Raptor and Owl Surveys ....................................................................... 14

7.4.3 Flight Activity Survey ......................................................................................... 15

7.4.4 Winter Walkover Survey ..................................................................................... 21

7.4.5 Nocturnal Golden Plover Survey .......................................................................... 23

FIGURES Figure A7.1: Site location and 20 km buffer and sites of ornithological importance Figure A7.2: Vantage point locations and survey areas Figure A7.3: Vantage point viewsheds Figure A7.4: Breeding bird territories: species of conservation concern Figure A7.5: Canada goose, mallard and grey heron flights Figure A7.6: Merlin flights Figure A7.7: Peregrine falcon flights Figure A7.8: Golden plover and woodcock flights Figure A7.9: Curlew flights Figure A7.10: Short-eared owl flights Figure A7.11: Raven flights ANNEXES Annex A: VP survey dates Annex B: Survey weather data


Kelda Water Services Arcus Renewable Energy Consulting Ltd October 2012 Page 1

7 ORNITHOLOGY TECHNICAL REPORT

7.1 INTRODUCTION

This Ornithology Technical Appendix presents the following information in support of Chapter 7 of the proposed Gorpley Wind Farm Environmental Statement:

• Desk study: information provided through data requests and consultations to holders of biological records for the area;

• Baseline Survey Methods: the survey methods used to provide baseline data on the breeding and non-breeding bird interest at the Development site and surrounding area between March 2011 and February 2012; and

• Baseline Survey Results: the results of the baseline surveys carried out between March 2011 and February 2012.

The core survey area was defined at the start of the study as the area in which development of the wind farm could potentially occur (i.e. the landholding boundary). Appropriate buffer zones were defined around the core survey area for the different baseline surveys as described in the sections below. Figure A7.1 shows the site location in the wider geographical context and Figure A7.2 shows the survey areas used during the ornithology surveys. Land outside the applicant’s control was observed from public rights of way and from within the applicant’s landholding.

7.2 DESK STUDY

Existing ecological information, including information on designated sites and records of legally protected and notable species, was sought within the vicinity of the Development site. A search radius of 2 km from the boundary of the core survey area was used for records of birds. A search radius of 20 km from the boundary of the core survey area was used for internationally designated sites (Special Protection Areas (SPAs) and Ramsar sites), of 5 km for other statutory designated sites of ornithological value (Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), National Nature Reserves (NNRs) and Local Nature Reserves (LNRs)) and of 2 km for non-statutory sites.

Data on statutory and non-statutory designated sites were obtained from the following sources:

• Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside (MAGIC)1

• West Yorkshire Ecology Data Service;

2

Species records and the national, regional and local status of species were obtained from the following sources:

.

• UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP); • Calderdale [Local] Biodiversity Action Plan (Calderdale LBAP)3

• West Yorkshire [Local] Biodiversity Action Plan (West Yorkshire LBAP);

4

• Lancashire [Local] Biodiversity Action Plan (Lancashire LBAP);;

5

• Yorkshire Water Biodiversity Action Plan

6

• Halifax Birdwatchers Club Reports (2005; 7, 20068, 2007 and 20089, and 200910

1 MAGIC (2012) ‘Various Mapping’ [online]. Available from: http://magic.defra.gov.uk/ (Accessed August 2012).

);

2 West Yorkshire Ecology Data Service. 2011. Ecological Records Search for Clough Foot, Todmorden. West Yorkshire Joint Services. 3 Firman (Ed.), F. (2007) Calderdale’s Natural Heritage: A Biodiversity Action Plan for Calderdale 2003-2010 Version 1.5. Calderdale Council. 4 West Yorkshire BAP ‘County Details’ [online]. Available from: http://ukbars.defra.gov.uk/ (Accessed August 2012) 5 Lancashire Biodiversity Action Plan Long List of Species: Birds [online]. Available from: http://www.lancspartners.org/lbap/pdf/Lancashire_BAP_Longlist_birds.pdf (Accessed August 2012). 6 Yorkshire Water Biodiversity Action Plan [online]. Available from: http://www.keldagroup.com/kel/csr/ourenv/casestudies/bap (Accessed August 2012). 7 Dawtrey,N., (Ed.) (2007) Halifax Birdwatchers’ Club Report 2005. Halifax. 8 Dawtrey,N., (Ed.) (2008) Halifax Birdwatchers’ Club Report 2006. Halifax. 9 Dawtrey,N., (Ed.) (2010) Halifax Birdwatchers’ Club Report 2007 and 2008. Halifax. 10 Dawtrey,N., (Ed.) (2011) Halifax Birdwatchers’ Club Report 2009. Halifax.



• Yorkshire Bird Report (200711, 200812 and 200913

• Reaps Moss Wind Farm Environmental Statement); 14

• Birds of Conservation Concern 3; and

15

7.2.1 Statutory Designated Sites

.

There is one SPA within 20 km of the core survey area boundary: South Pennine Moors SPA. The South Pennine Moors SPA spans upland areas of Lancashire, North Yorkshire, West Yorkshire and Greater Manchester. The site is a composite SPA which comprises approximately 66,207 ha of upland moorland and fringe habitats and was designated in two phases.

The proposed development is located approximately 4.5 km from Phase 2 of the SPA. The Natura 2000 Standard Data Form (citation) for the SPA (Phase 2) identifies the following qualifying interest species under Article 4.1 of EC Directive 2009/147/EC (‘the Birds Directive’): short-eared owl, merlin and golden plover.

The site also qualifies under Article 4.2 of the Birds Directive for an internationally important assemblage of birds during the breeding season, namely: common sandpiper, dunlin, twite, common snipe, curlew, wheatear, whinchat, redshank, ring ouzel and lapwing. The above citation forms the legal document relating to the qualifying interest features of the SPA.

It is noted that the above list varies from that published for the entire South Pennine Moors SPA (Phase 1 and Phase 2) following a JNCC review in 200116

Conservation objectives of the South Pennine Moors Phase 2 SPA were issued by Natural England in June 2012

. A precautionary approach is taken herein, whereby all species listed on either information source are considered. Therefore, in addition to those species listed above, peregrine falcon and dunlin are also considered as qualifying interests of the SPA.

17

A summary of statutory designated sites within the search areas is provided in Table 7.1 and shown in Figure A7.1. There are no Ramsar sites within 20 km of the boundary of the core survey area; there is one SSSI of ornithological value within 5 km of the boundary of the core survey area: South Pennine Moors SSSI and there is one LNR within 5 km of the boundary of the core survey area, though not designated specifically for birds, it is considered important for birds.

. This cites the SPA qualifying features as: merlin (breeding), golden plover (breeding) and dunlin (breeding) with additional qualifying features identified by the 2001 UK SPA review: peregrine falcon (breeding), short-eared owl (breeding) and dunlin (breeding).

11 Thomas, C. (Ed.) (2009) Yorkshire Bird Report 2007. Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union, York. 12 Thomas, C. (Ed.) (2010) Yorkshire Bird Report 2008. Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union, York. 13 Thomas, C. (Ed.) (2011) Yorkshire Bird Report 2009. Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union, York. 14 Dulas Ltd. 2006. Reaps Moss Wind Farm Environmental Statement. 15 Eaton, M.A., Brown, A.F., Noble, D.G., Musgrove, A.J., Hearn, R., Aebischer, N.J., Gibbons, D.W., Evans, A. & Gregory, R.D. (2009) Birds of Conservation Concern 3: The population status of birds in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. British Birds 102: 296-341. 16 ‘JNCC SPA Description: South Pennine Moors’ [online] Available from: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-2001-theme=default (Accessed September 2012). 17 ‘European Site Conservation Objectives for South Pennine Moors Phase 2 Special Protection Area’ [online]. Available from: http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/Images/UK9007022-South-Pennine-Moors-Phase-2-SPA_tcm6-32238.pdf (Accessed September 2012)

http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-2001-theme=default�

http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/Images/UK9007022-South-Pennine-Moors-Phase-2-SPA_tcm6-32238.pdf�



Table 7.1 Summary of statutory designated sites w ithin search areas Site Distance (km)

and Direction Details

SPA South Pennine Moors The South Pennine Moors SPA includes the major moorland blocks of the South Pennines from Ilkley in the north to Leek and Matlock in the south. It covers extensive tracts of semi-natural moorland habitats including upland heath and blanket mire. The northern extent of the South Pennine Moors SPA is within 10 km of the North Pennine Moors SPA which supports a similar assemblage of upland breeding species.

2.13 km E and 4.0 km N

The site is of European importance for several upland breeding species, including birds of prey and waders. Both merlin and golden plover spend some of their time feeding outside the SPA on adjacent areas of in-bye land. This site qualifies under Article 4.1 of the Directive (2009/147/EC) by supporting populations of European importance of the following species listed on Annex I of the Directive: During the breeding season: Golden plover: 752 pairs representing at least 3.3 % of the breeding population in Great Britain (Count as at 1990). Merlin: 77 pairs representing at least 5.9 % of the breeding population in Great Britain. Peregrine: 16 pairs representing at least 1.4 % of the breeding population in Great Britain. Short-eared owl: 25 pairs representing at least 2.5 % of the breeding population in Great Britain. This site also qualifies under Article 4.2 of the Directive (2009/147/EC) by supporting populations of European importance of the following migratory species: During the breeding season: Dunlin: 140 pairs representing at least 1.3 % of the breeding Baltic/UK/Ireland population. This site also qualifies under Article 4.2 of the Directive (2009/147/EC) by an internationally important assemblage: During the breeding season:

Common sandpiper, dunlin, twite, snipe, curlew, wheatear, whinchat, redshank, ring ouzel and lapwing.



Site Distance (km) and Direction

Details

SSSI South Pennine Moors A mosaic of habitats supports a moorland breeding bird assemblage which, because of the range of species and number of breeding birds it contains, is of regional and national importance.

2.13 km E and 4.0 km N

The moorlands support nationally important numbers of golden plover, curlew, merlin and twite. The blanket bogs are the main breeding grounds for golden plover and dunlin. The South Pennine Moors hold 1.3 % of the British breeding population of golden plovers. A significant proportion (0.8 %) of the British curlew population breed on the South Pennine Moors sharing this habitat with lapwing, common snipe and redshank. The merlin population of the South Pennine Moors is particularly important; 4.7 % of the British population nests on these moors and numbers appear to be increasing. Twite on the South Pennine Moors represent 1 % of the British breeding population. The moors also support wheatear, whinchat, ring ouzel and, in some years, stonechat. Peregrine falcon nest in small numbers on suitable crags and disused quarries and up to three pairs of short-eared owl have nested in recent years. The large reservoirs within, and adjacent to, the site provide feeding areas for moorland nesting birds like dunlin as well as nesting habitat for common sandpiper and grey wagtail. Two unusual species that nest on the reservoirs are little ringed plover and shelduck.

LNR Gorpley Clough Partially within SE A steep sided upland clough which comprises

oak and birch woodlands on both sides and sections of the upper clough have been developed into wetland areas. Species of ornithological value include woodpeckers and common redstart.

7.2.2 Non-statutory Designated Sites

There are two Sites of Ecological or Geological Importance (SEGI) within 2 km of the core survey area (Ramsden Clough and Rochdale Canal; see Technical Appendix 6: Ecology for details); neither are designated for their ornithological value, but both are likely to benefit birds indirectly.

7.2.3 Protected and Notable Species

7.2.3.1 Local Biodiversity Action Plans (BAPs) In addition to those bird species listed within the UK BAP, bird species listed within the Calderdale LBAP3, West Yorkshire LBAP4, and Lancashire LBAP5 were considered.

The Calderdale LBAP covers eight Habitat Action Plans (HAPs): ancient trees; blanket bog and upland heathland; canals; hedgerows; native woodlands; river and streams; unimproved



grassland; and urban. There are also four Species Action Plans (SAPs). The eight HAPS are considered the District's most important wildlife habitats within which 66 priority bird species are listed, plus an additional species (twite) covered by a SAP.

The West Yorkshire LBAP4 covers a range of HAPs and lists 40 bird species.

The Lancashire long list of BAP species5 lists 90 species of biodiversity significance in Lancashire and includes a number of species for which there is a published SAP: hen harrier; lapwing; black-tailed godwit; skylark; song thrush, twite; reed bunting; and farmland birds (grey partridge, skylark, yellow wagtail, tree sparrow, linnet, reed bunting, yellowhammer and corn bunting).

The Yorkshire Water BAP6 does not target specific species of birds but has a focus upon habitat restoration activities. Whilst these activities are likely to benefit various bird species, they are not considered further.

Details of these species are provided within Table 7.2.

Table 7.2 Calderdale, West Yorkshire and Lancashire LBAP species Species Calderdale LBAP West Yorkshire

LBAP Lancashire LBAP

Bewick’s swan Whooper swan Pink-footed goose Shelduck Gadwall Wigeon Teal Pintail Shoveler Pochard Tufted duck Eider Common scoter Red-breasted merganser Red grouse Black grouse Grey partridge Red-throated diver Bittern Grey heron Great crested grebe Marsh harrier Hen harrier Goshawk Common buzzard Kestrel Merlin Hobby Peregrine falcon Water rail Corncrake Spotted crake Oystercatcher Avocet Little ringed plover Ringed plover Golden plover Grey plover Lapwing Knot Sanderling



Species Calderdale LBAP West Yorkshire LBAP

Lancashire LBAP

Dunlin Ruff Common snipe Woodcock Black-tailed godwit Bar-tailed godwit Curlew Whimbrel Redshank Common sandpiper Mediterranean gull Black-headed gull Little gull Lesser black-backed gull Herring gull Great black-backed gull Arctic tern Common tern Little tern Stock dove Turtle dove Cuckoo Barn owl Long-eared owl Short-eared owl Nightjar Common swift Kingfisher Green woodpecker Lesser spotted woodpecker

Raven Goldcrest Willow tit Marsh tit Bearded tit Skylark Sand martin Swallow House martin Wood warbler Willow warbler Lesser whitethroat Grasshopper warbler Starling Ring ouzel Song thrush Mistle thrush Spotted flycatcher Common redstart Whinchat Stonechat Pied flycatcher Dunnock House sparrow Tree sparrow Yellow wagtail Grey wagtail Tree pipit



Species Calderdale LBAP West Yorkshire LBAP

Lancashire LBAP

Meadow pipit Linnet Twite Lesser redpoll Common crossbill Bullfinch Hawfinch Yellowhammer Reed bunting Corn bunting

7.2.4 Data Requests and Existing Data

West Yorkshire Ecology provided data for a search radius of 2 km from the centre of the core survey area; records since 2005 are listed below. Searches were made of the Halifax bird report for the period 2005 to 2009. These were supplemented by data from the Reaps Moss ES14.

A summary of findings is provided below and covers Annex 1/Schedule 1 species, UK BAP/UK Red listed species, and flight activity target/secondary species not included in either of the former categories.

7.2.4.1 Data from Halifax Birdwatchers Club Reports for 2005 to 2009

Annex 1/Schedule 1 Species records include: • Whooper swan (1 record): A herd of 24 west over Todmorden on 22nd September 2007; • Red kite (1 record): One over Bacup Road on 28th May 2009; • Kingfisher (2 records): Bred in Todmorden in 2005 (unknown vicinity) and seen at

various places in the Todmorden area in the same year; • Fieldfare (1 record): Total of 250 over Gorpley Clough on 25th November 2006; and • Brambling (4 records): Flocks of 200 at Gorpley Clough on 2nd March 2005. In 2006 30

at Gorpley Clough on 12th November. In 2007 100 at Gorpley on 9th February had reduced to 15 by 27th February.

UK BAP and UK Red listed species (not already listed above) records include: • Skylark (1 record): One singing on Sour Hall Road, Todmorden on 22nd July 2007; • Ring ouzel (1 record): One pair at Gorpley Quarry from 27th April 2009 to 9th July 2009,

raised one brood, and possibly a second brood; • Grasshopper warbler (1 record): One reeling on Sour Hall Road, Todmorden, on 29th

July 2007; • House sparrow (1 record): Bred at Millwood, Todmorden, in 2005; • Linnet (3 records): A flock of 80 at Gorpley Clough on 30th May 2005. One singing at

Sourhall in June 2007, and one adult feeding two juveniles at Sourhall on 23rd August 2009;

• Twite (10 records): Two at Inchfield Pasture on 2nd April 2005. In 2006, four in Gorpley Clough on 30th April and five on 5th August, whilst 60 were at North Midgelden on 26th August and two were on Todmorden Moor on 10th June. In 2007, two on Sourhall Road on 22nd July with 12 on 29th July plus an undated report from Gorpley Clough. In 2008 a report to the east of Gorpley Reservoir on 15th May and 12 at Gorpley Reservoir on 24th August; and

• Reed bunting (1 record): Breeding proven, or strongly suspected, at Sour Hall Road, Todmorden in 2007.

Flight activity Target and Secondary species (not already listed above) records include: • Mute swan (1 record): One pair attempted to breed above Gorpley Reservoir from early

May 2009 when the female was on a nest but the outcome was unknown although the birds were still present December 2009;



• Pink-footed goose (4 records): Flocks over Todmorden include 90 west on 22nd January 2006, 150 west on 29th January 2006, 158 northwest on 9th December 2006 and 180 on 6th October 2007;

• Canada goose (2 records): Breeding took place at Gorpley and Todmorden in 2005; • Mallard (1 record): One report from Sourhall on 14th April 2007; • Tufted duck (1 record): Six birds on Gorpley Reservoir in December 2009; • Goldeneye (1 record): One at Gorpley Clough in April 2009; • Goosander (2 records): A flock of 17 on Gorpley Clough in March 2007 and ‘small

numbers’ at Pexwood, Todmorden in the same year; • Cormorant (1 record): One south over Todmorden on 2nd April 2006; • Common snipe (4 records): At Inchfield Pasture one on 24th March 2007 and three on

20th January 2009, two reports at Todmorden Moor on 1st July 2007 with a drumming and chipping bird noted on Todmorden Moor in 2008;

• Woodcock (1 record): One at Gorpley Clough on 27th December 2009; • Curlew (1 record): Two reports from Todmorden Moor on 1st July 2010; and • Green sandpiper (1 record): One at Sourhall, Todmorden on 23rd July 2009.

7.2.4.2 Data from Reaps Moss ES14 • Vantage point surveys were conducted between October 2005 and July 2006. Both

curlew and common snipe were recorded flying over the site during the breeding season and kestrel was recorded over the site on a number of occasions during the winter and breeding season;

• Winter surveys were undertaken on five visits between October 2005 and February 2006. The following species (and monthly maxima) were recorded: kestrel (one); common snipe (one); starling (100); fieldfare (20); redwing (11) and meadow pipit (seven); and

• Breeding bird surveys were conducted on three dates between April and June 2006 with two additional days spent looking for breeding waders. The following breeding species (number of pairs) were recorded: common snipe (at least two pairs); curlew (one pair considered to be breeding to the north of the site); skylark (22 pairs); wheatear (one pair); meadow pipit (‘many’ pairs) and reed bunting (one pair). Lapwing was recorded on the April visit and may have attempted to breed. Mallard, common swift and starling were recorded on, or over, site but were not considered to be breeding.

7.3 BASELINE SURVEY METHODS

Surveys were carried out between March 2011 and February 2012 following prevailing best practice: Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) guidance: Survey methods for use in assessing the impacts of onshore wind farms on bird communities (SNH 2005 updated 2010)18 and Natural England Technical Information Note 69 (TIN069): Assessing the effects of onshore windfarms on birds (Natural England 2010)19

Survey dates and weather data are provided within Annex A and Annex B.

.

7.3.1 Breeding Bird Survey

In areas to which access was permitted (i.e. the landholding) the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) methodology followed an extended version of the Brown and Shepherd (1993)20

Outside of accessible areas this methodology was not used and habitats were scanned from public rights of way, or from the closest area accessible land for key species such as breeding waders and birds of conservation concern.

breeding bird survey methodology, which is considered the most appropriate method for the habitats present.

18 SNH (2005 updated 2010) Survey methods for use in assessing the impacts of onshore windfarms on bird communities. SNH, Battleby. 19 Natural England (2010) Natural England Technical Information Note TIN069: Assessing the effects of onshore windfarms on birds. First Edition 7th January 2010. 20 Brown, A.F. and Shepherd, K.B. (1993) A method for censusing upland breeding waders. Bird Study 40: 189–195.



Five visits were made to the BBS area (the core survey area and 800 m buffer zone – see Figure A7.2) between April and June 2011 inclusive (Table 7.3). The buffer in the northeast of the BBS area was reduced to 500 m as a result of evolving design iterations during the early part of the breeding season. All surveys commenced shortly after dawn and lasted up to seven hours.

Parts of some BBS visits were conducted in slightly less than ideal weather conditions as the weather conditions varied considerably across different parts of the survey area and changed rapidly; the impact upon the BBS results is considered negligible as five visits were made to the survey area.

The breeding bird survey results were supplemented by records of breeding birds noted during other surveys carried out in the breeding season.

Table 7.3 Breeding Bird Survey dates Visit Date 1 12th April 2011

2 29th April 2011

3 6th May 2011

4 20th May 2011

5 17th June 2011

The purpose of the survey was to map the approximate territory locations of breeding birds in order to allow an assessment of potential displacement impacts.

7.3.2 Breeding Raptor and Ow l Survey

In addition to the general breeding bird survey, habitat assessment of all areas within 2 km of the core survey area was carried out during the breeding season to establish whether any raptor species of conservation importance (Annex 1 / Schedule 1 breeding raptors) were likely to be breeding within the proximity of the Development site. This survey focussed on the areas outwith the core survey area to a distance of 2 km for raptors, 1 km for barn owls and 500 m for long-eared owls.

During initial visits an appraisal of the core survey area and surrounding land was undertaken in order to assess likely target species. Survey effort focussed upon peregrine falcon, merlin and short-eared owl. Areas to which general access was not permitted were viewed, where possible, from public rights of way. Some parts of the survey area were not covered due to access restrictions; these areas were considered unsuitable for Annex 1/Schedule 1 breeding raptors, barn owls and long-eared owls.

Five searches of the local area (access permitting) within 2 km of the core survey area were carried out for breeding raptors between April and June 2011 (Table 7.4). Supplementary records of any raptors of conservation concern were also collected during other ecological surveys.

Table 7.4 Breeding Raptor Survey dates Visit Date 1 13th April 2011

2 11th May 2011

3 21st June 2011

4 20th July 2011

5 28th July 2011

Potential barn owl nest-sites (within 1 km of the core survey area) and long-eared owl nest-sites (within 500 m of the core survey area) were identified and mapped during reconnaissance surveys of accessible areas during April 2011. Any potential barn owl nest sites that were identified were observed (under Schedule 1 Licence) during the breeding



season for evidence of current breeding activity (Table 7.5), and supplemented by data from dawn and dusk flight activity surveys.

Table 7.5 Breeding Ow l Survey dates Visit Date 1 10th May 2011

2 9th June 2011

3 5th July 2011

7.3.3 Flight Activity Survey

Vantage point (VP) watches were undertaken using the standard methodology (as published in SNH (2005 updated 2010)18 and Natural England (2010)19 guidance) in order to provide data for the assessment of the flight activity and collision risk of target species, which included: Annex 1/Schedule 1 raptors and owls, all wildfowl, all waders, herons and raven. Secondary species included all other raptors and all gull species.

The main purposes of VP watches are to:

• Collect flight activity data on target species that will enable estimates to be made of the collision risk presented by the Development and to identify the relative use of different parts of the core survey area and surrounding land; and

• Calculate an index of flight activity for other species (secondary species) using the core survey area and surrounding land.

Observations were carried out from two vantage points; both provided good visual coverage of the core survey area and surrounding land. Surveyors were in regular contact with each other to ensure that there was no duplication of flights. Vantage Point 1 was located at [OS NGR] SD 90200 22300 and Vantage Point 2 at [OS NGR] SD 90600 21900; the visible area (or ‘viewshed’) from both VPs is shown in Figure A7.3. The viewsheds were calculated in a GIS and were ground-truthed: for VP 1 it shows the visible area at 25 m above ground level within 1 km of the observer at 2 m height21

A summary of the survey effort for each season is provided in Table 7.6. Between March 2011 and February 2012 inclusive, a total of 129 hours of flight activity observations were carried out from VP 1 and VP 2.

, across a 180° arc centred on a viewing direction of 20° and for VP 2 it shows the visible area at 25 m above ground level within 1 km of the observer at 2 m height, across a 180° arc centred on a viewing direction of 5°. These VP locations were considered suitable to view the core survey area without disturbing the species present, yet still ensure that all proposed turbine locations were within 1 km of the VP locations.

Table 7.6 Summary of Flight Activity Survey effort Survey effort (hours)

VP Mar – May 2011

Mar – Aug 2011

Jul - Nov 2011 Nov 2011 – Feb 2012

Mar 2011 - Feb 2012

1 28 48 60 41 129

2 28 48 60 41 129

Due to the potential presence of Annex 1/Schedule 1 raptors within the wider geographical area, survey effort was scheduled to ensure that periods of peak activity, such as display (March to April) and juvenile fledging period (late June to early July), were adequately covered

21 This height is considered to provide the best representation of the true observer situation as it allows for local spot-height differences that do not feature in a terrain model at low resolution.



Surveys were carried out at various times of day throughout the 12-month period, ensuring that all times between dawn and dusk were sampled to account for behavioural changes that may occur at different times of day through the breeding cycle and non-breeding season.

Full details of the timing and weather conditions during each survey are provided in Annex A and Annex B.

The flight path of each target species recorded was drawn as accurately as possible onto a large-scale map, and each flight path was numbered and cross-referenced to the flight data.

For each flight of a target species, the following details were recorded:

• Species, age and sex (if possible); • Number of birds; • Time; • Duration of flight within the survey area; and • Flying height (0–15 m, 15–120 m and >120 m) on detection and at each 15 second

interval; representing approximately BELOW Rotor Swept Height (RSH), AT RSH (between 20–100 m) and ABOVE RSH respectively.

Secondary species were recorded in 5-minute summaries. During each 5-minute period, the minimum number of each species attributable to the flight activity observed was recorded, including details of the height (below, at or above RSH) and location of the birds (within the core survey area, within the 500 m buffer zone, or beyond 500 m buffer zone).

7.3.4 Winter Walkover Survey

Walkovers of the area within 800 m of the core survey area (WWS area, equivalent to the BBS area) were undertaken on six occasions between September 2011 and February 2012 (Table 7.7) in order to allow assessment of potential displacement impacts on non-breeding birds. These surveys employed the same methodology adopted for the breeding bird surveys. All surveys commenced shortly after dawn and lasted for up to six hours. The WWS area is shown in Figure A7.2.

Table 7.7 Winter Walkover Survey dates Visit Date 1 8th September 2011

2 21st October 2011

3 8th November 2011

4 21st December 2011

5 10th January 2012

6 3rd February 2012

7.3.5 Nocturnal Golden Plover Survey

Walkovers and drive-round surveys of the area within 800 m of the core survey area (NGPS area; Figure A7.2) were undertaken on four occasions between July and October 2011 (Table 7.8) in order to allow assessment of potential displacement impacts on golden plovers. These surveys covered areas of suitable habitat within the core survey area following a walkover transect methodology. Areas within 800 m of the core survey area were surveyed from public rights of way and vehicles. Methods employed during these surveys included the use of infrared night vision optical equipment, red-filtered torches and stop-and-listen techniques. Surveys were conducted at various times during the night and lasted for up to three and a half hours.

Table 7.8 Nocturnal Golden P lover Survey dates Visit Date 1 28th July 2011

2 17th August 2011



Visit Date 3 22nd September 2011

4 25th October 2011

7.4 BASELINE SURVEY RESULTS

7.4.1 Breeding Bird Survey 2011

A total of 55 species were recorded, of which 37 are considered to have bred within the BBS area, and 18 species considered not to have bred; i.e. spring passage migrants, non-breeding birds, or birds from the local area breeding outside the BBS area.

Details of the 16 breeding and 17 non-breeding species of conservation concern (Annex 1, Schedule 1, UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, UK Red and UK Amber listed species) are summarised in Table 7.9 and 7.10 respectively. Breeding species of conservation concern occurring within the BBS area are shown in Figure A7.4.

Table 7.9 Species of conservation concern recorded breeding during the 2011 Breeding Bird Survey

Species Conservation Status

Core Survey Area 800 m Buffer Zone

Grey partridge UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

Not considered to be breeding.

One territory at Midgelden Pasture.

Lapwing UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed


Three territories: one north of Reddish Hill; one north of Shackleton; and one north of Lower Hanging Shaw.

Curlew UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed


Two territories: one on Reaps Moss and one on Inchfield Pasture.

Common sandpiper

Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

One territory on Gorpley Reservoir.


Skylark UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

A total of 35 territories: the majority were located in rough pasture across the western part of the core survey area.

A total of 92 territories: the majority were present on rough ground between Holden Gate and Trough Edge End in the west.

Swallow Calderdale LBAP, Amber listed

Low numbers recorded throughout BBS visits; but not considered to be breeding.

Pairs bred at both Shackleton and Gorpley and presumably on suitable farm outbuildings throughout the buffer.

Willow warbler Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed


Four territories: one to the north of Midgelden Pasture; pairs in Gorpley Wood and Stones Wood and a pair west of Ditches.

Grasshopper warbler

UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

One territory in Juncus on the Wreck Beds.


Starling UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed


Two territories in Clough Foot.

Mistle thrush Calderdale LBAP, Amber listed

One territory in Gorpley Clough.

One territory to the south of Lower Hanging Shaw.





Wheatear Amber listed Four territories: two in the vicinity of Gorpley Reservoir and single pairs on Maden Pasture and to the south of Otley Hill.

Ten territories: three in the Ditches area; three in the Shackleton area and four to the northwest of Maden Pasture.

Dunnock UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed


Four territories in the Clough Foot vicinity and singles at both Gorpley and Shackleton.

Meadow pipit Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

36 territories on rough ground across the core survey area.

100 territories; the majority on rough ground to the west of the survey area.

Linnet UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed


One territory to the west of Hogshead Law Hill.

Twite UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

Small numbers recorded over survey area during BBS visits; not considered to be holding territory/nesting within the core survey area.

Two pairs bred on crags to the south of Gorpley Reservoir.

Reed bunting UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

One territory on Maden Pasture.

Four territories: three between Reaps Moss and Shackleton and one to the west of Coolam.

Table 7.10 Non-breeding species of conservation concern recorded during the 2011 Breeding Bird Survey

Species Conservation Status Core Survey Area and 800 m Buffer Zone

Mallard Amber listed Not considered to be breeding but probably bred in the wider area. On 12th April six present in the vicinity of Gorpley Reservoir. On 29th April five males to the north of Trial Holes and two males at Holden Gate. A pair in a field to the north of Reddish Hill on 6th May 2011.

Kestrel Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Not considered to be breeding; single birds noted over the survey area during BBS visits.

Merlin Annex 1, Schedule 1, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

A male with a freshly caught meadow pipit was disturbed from Limers Gate on 17th June 2011; not considered to be breeding but possibly bred just beyond 2 km to the north of the core survey area.

Peregrine falcon

Annex 1, Schedule 1, Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP,

Not considered to be breeding but probably bred in the wider area just beyond 2 km to the south of the core survey area; male and female over Gorpley Reservoir on 6th May 2011.

Oystercatcher Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Two north over Trough Edge End and east over Limers Gate on 6th May and three north over Hogshead Law Hill on 20th May 2011; not considered to be breeding but probably bred in the wider area.



Species Conservation Status Core Survey Area and 800 m Buffer Zone

Golden plover Annex 1, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

A displaying bird over Reaps Moss on 20th April and one over Pot Oven on 20th May 2011 though not considered to be breeding and neither recorded subsequently.

Common snipe Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Displaying birds on Maden Pasture and to the north of Shackleton on 20th May 2011; no subsequent records and not considered to have bred.

Black-headed gull

Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

One south over Gorpley Reservoir on 12th April and 10 west over Clough Foot on 17th June 2011.

Lesser black-backed gull

Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Small numbers were recorded overflying the survey area during BBS visits; maximum count of five foraging in fields near Shackleton on 29th April 2011.

Stock dove Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Amber listed

Low numbers were recorded overflying the survey area during BBS visits; not considered to be breeding but probably bred in the wider area.

Common swift West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Four over Shackleton and one over Trough Edge End on 20th May and one south over Shackleton on 17th June 2011.

Green woodpecker

Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Amber listed

One at Hazel Greave on 6th May 2011; not considered to be breeding but probably bred in the wider area.

Raven Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP,

Not considered to be breeding but probably bred in the wider area. One over Range Hoyle on 12th April, two south over Inchfield pasture on 6th May and two at Shaw on 20th May 2011.

Arctic tern Annex 1, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Six flew low east to the east of Hogshead Law Hill on 29th April 2011; these were associated with a widespread inland movement of the species across England on this date.

House martin Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Amber listed

Four west over Clough Foot on 6th May 2011; not considered to be breeding but probably bred in the wider area.

Whinchat Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Male to the north of Shackleton on 29th April 2011; considered to be a passage migrant.

Yellow wagtail UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

One over Holden Gate on 6th May 2011; considered to be a passage migrant.

A further 22 common species recorded during BBS visits included (breeding): Canada goose, woodpigeon, great spotted woodpecker, magpie, jay, jackdaw, carrion crow, blue tit, great tit, coal tit, long-tailed tit, chiffchaff, blackcap, treecreeper, wren, blackbird, robin, pied wagtail, chaffinch, greenfinch, goldfinch and (non-breeding) rook. The highest concentration of species of low conservation concern was centred upon Gorpley Clough and woodland bordering Midgelden Brook in the northeastern section of the BBS area.

7.4.2 Breeding Raptor and Ow l Surveys

A pair of Peregrine falcons were recorded during the April, May and June raptor surveys but there was no evidence of successful breeding within the 2 km raptor survey area. A juvenile female was seen on the July raptor survey to the east of Shawforth; it seems probable that the species successfully bred nearby outside of the raptor survey area.

Merlin were observed during VP watches over the summer with three flights in July and a male was seen in June 2011 prior to VP surveys; the species was not recorded during either



raptor or BBS surveys and there was no further evidence that this species bred within 2 km of the core survey area.

Kestrel was recorded within the survey area during the breeding season across a range of surveys; however, breeding was not confirmed and these birds presumably involved hunting birds from a pair outside of the survey area. A single sparrowhawk was seen in Todmorden during the July raptor survey.

Raven was recorded during the breeding season across a range of surveys; however breeding was not confirmed within the raptor survey area and there was no further evidence that this species bred within 2 km of the core survey area.

There were four potentially suitable barn owl nesting locations within the 1 km survey area; however, there was no evidence of birds breeding at these sites. No barn owl flights were recorded from the VP watches during the breeding or non-breeding season.

There were no areas of suitable long-eared owl breeding habitat within 500 m survey area; other owl species recorded during these surveys included one pair of tawny owl near Gorpley Reservoir at the head of Gorpley Clough.

7.4.3 Flight Activity Survey

Ten target species, totalling 79 observed flights, were recorded during 129 hours of surveys from each VP (Table 7.11 to 7.21 and Figures A7.5 – A7.11 inclusive; all flights in the figures are individually numbered and correspond to key numbers reported in the tables below). Shaded rows in Tables 7.12-7.21 illustrate flights that occurred beyond the 200 m turbine envelope or were entirely below RSH.

In the individual species accounts presented below, flight activity is described with reference to flight height and location. For species with direct, or predictable flight movements (typically geese and other wildfowl and herons), flight locations are described within the species accounts and associated tables with reference to the 200 m turbine envelope. For species with less direct or less predictable, random movements, flight location is described within the species accounts with reference to the core survey area22

For example, for a very common species with high reproductive rate (e.g. Canada goose), there may be several flocks of birds recorded crossing the core survey area at RSH, resulting in a collision risk of a small number of individuals each year; in the context of their large population size and status as a feral species of no conservation concern, that risk would be considered negligible. For a less common species however, or one with low reproductive rate, such a level of risk could have a more profound effect on the population. As a generic estimate, for predictable movements of birds that fly through the survey area, there would need to be approximately 20 birds observed flying across the core survey area at RSH during the 42 hours of surveys in the non-breeding season to translate into a risk of approximately one bird per year (if applying a 98 % avoidance rate).

. A preliminary judgement is made regarding the potential collision risk as a result of the proposed Development. The judgement is made based on an appraisal of the observed flight activity – the number of flights observed crossing the core survey area and the proportion of flights recorded at RSH (or likely to be at RSH) – and putting this into the context of the population of the species.

Alternatively, for more random movements of birds (e.g. raptors), there would need to be approximately 935 seconds (over 15 minutes) of activity observed from the VP at risk height within the visible area during the breeding season to generate a predicted collision risk of one bird every five summers, or 5,600 seconds (93 minutes) of activity during the non-breeding season for a risk of approximately one bird per year. These parameters have been considered in making a preliminary appraisal of collision risk. Where the risk has been judged to be negligible, collision risk modelling is not considered be necessary for the purposes of the assessment.

22 This is for the purposes of interpretation and estimation of collision risk.



Table 7.11 Monthly number of target species fl ights recorded during the flight activity surveys

Species Total flights

Year/Month 2011 2012

M A M J J A S O N D J F Canada goose 7 - 1 - 4 2 - - - - - - - Mallard 2 - 2 - - - - - - - - - - Grey heron 1 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - Merlin 7 - - - - 3 3 1 - - - - - Peregrine Falcon 6 - 1 1 - 2 1 - - 1 - - - Golden plover 5 - - - 1 1 - - - 1 - - 2 Woodcock 1 - - - - - - - - 1 - - - Curlew 15 - 11 2 1 1 - - - - - - - Short-eared owl 13 - - - - - - - - - - 13 - Raven 22 - 1 - - 3 5 1 2 2 1 5 2 Totals 79 0 16 3 6 12 9 2 2 5 1 19 4

7.4.3.1 Canada goose A feral population accounted for seven observed flights between April and July 2011 (Table 7.12; Figure A7.5).

Flight activity was focussed on Gorpley Reservoir, where two flights during the breeding season involved easterly movements of local breeding birds over the core survey area. Two short flights in July involved a flock of birds moving north away from Gorpley Reservoir before the same flock later returned south onto the reservoir. Three southerly movements in June to the east of the core survey area were observed; one of these flights passed briefly over the east of the core survey area.

Four out of the seven recorded flights were at least partly at RSH, but only one was within the 200 m turbine envelope. On the basis of such infrequent observations of Canada goose moving over the 200 m turbine envelope, collision risk modelling is not necessary for this feral species, which is of low conservation concern.

Table 7.12 Canada goose fl ights Date VP Key

number Duration Time Flock

size (birds)

Proportion of flight at RSH (%)

Within 200 m

11-04-11 1 1 96 12:21 4 100 Yes 10-06-11 1 34 67 08:07 9 0 No 10-06-11 2 19 317 11:04 1 100 No 10-06-11 1 36 174 11:06 1 100 No 22-06-11 1 20 12 08:26 2 100 No 21-07-11 2 30 35 08:31 18 0 No 21-07-11 2 32 10 10:24 19 0 No

7.4.3.2 Mallard Two flights of single males in April 2012 (Table 7.13; Figure A7.5); neither flight was at RSH.

One flight passed west out of the core survey area over the Wreck Beds and the second flight passed southeast over Maden Pasture to land on Gorpley Reservoir.

There was no flight activity of mallard recorded within 200 m of the turbine locations at RSH. On the basis of these observations, collision risk modelling is not necessary and collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible.



Table 7.13 Mallard fl ights Date VP Key


size (birds)


Within 200 m

11-04-11 1 2 67 13:47 1 0 Yes 22-04-11 1 13 30 08:47 1 0 No

7.4.3.3 Grey heron One flight of a single bird on 26th January 2012 (Table 7.14; Figure A7.5). This bird passed west, partly at RSH, over Hogshead Law Hill.

On the basis of such infrequent observations of grey heron in the survey area, collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible and collision risk modelling is not required.

Table 7.14 Grey heron flights Date VP Key


size (birds)


Within 200 m

26-01-12 2 78 164 12:56 1 18.2 No

7.4.3.4 Merlin Seven short flights between July and September 2011 (Table 7.15; Figure A7.6); six flights occurred entirely below RSH with one flight partially at RSH.

Six flights occurred in the vicinity of Trough Edge End: four flights were observed below RSH and spent some flight time in the core survey area and two flights occurred below RSH just to the south of the core survey area.

One short flight was observed away from the Trough Edge End area. A female passed southwest over Maden Pasture, passing briefly over the northwest part of core survey area, before continuing along the Rossendale Way on 21st July 2011; initially at RSH the bird then dropped below RSH for the rest of the flight duration.

On the basis of such infrequent observations of merlin at RSH (an estimated 10 seconds of flight activity at RSH), collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible and collision risk modelling is not required.

Table 7.15 Merlin flights

Date VP Key number Duration Time

Flock size (birds)


06-07-11 2 39 14 11:52 1 0 21-07-11 1 23 30 07:49 1 33.3 21-07-11 2 31 16 09:28 2 0 18-08-11 2 46 10 19:10 1 0 18-08-11 2 47 13 19:31 1 0 18-08-11 2 48 18 19:38 1 0 22-09-11 2 50 15 15:35 1 0

7.4.3.5 Peregrine falcon A total of six flights, five between April and August and a single flight in November 2011 (Table 7.16; Figure A7.7); two flights were entirely at RSH, one partially at RSH and three flights below RSH.

Four flights, of five birds, passed over the core survey area. Of these, one flight of two birds spent all flight time at RSH, another flight of a single bird was partly at RSH whilst two short flights were both below RSH. Half of the flight of two birds entirely at RSH on 21st July took place over the core survey area before heading east over Three Nooks and then south to the south of Inchfield Pasture.



On the basis of such infrequent observations of peregrine falcon at RSH, collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible and collision risk modelling is not required.

Table 7.16 Peregrine falcon fl ights Date VP Key

number Duration Time Flock size

(birds) Proportion of flight at RSH (%)

11-04-11 2 4 30 16:25 1 0 30-05-11 2 18 31 13:37 1 0 06-07-11 2 38 41 16:10 1 100 21-07-11 2 33 365 10:57 2 100 18-08-11 1 45 18 15:31 1 50 09-11-11 2 58 13 10:44 1 0

7.4.3.6 Golden plover A total of five flights, totalling 13 birds, in June, July and November 2011 and February 2012 (Table 7.17; Figure A7.8). All flights were at RSH for the entirety of flight duration.

The peak count was a flock of seven birds on 9th November 2011. Three flights involved singletons and one flight of three birds.

Four flights, totalling 10 birds, passed over some, or all, of the core survey area at RSH. Flights of single birds passed northwest over Trough Edge End, northwest over Counting Hill and east to the north of Wreck Beds. One flight of seven birds passed south to the west of VP 1.

One flight of three birds, to the west of the core survey area, passed west over Shackleton and over Hogshead Law Hill.

On the basis of the relatively infrequent observations of golden plover in the survey area at RSH (estimated 703 seconds of flight activity at RSH), collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible and collision risk modelling is not required.

Table 7.17 Golden plover fl ights Date VP Key



10-06-11 1 35 102 08:23 1 100 21-07-11 1 24 50 09:49 1 100 09-11-11 1 55 46 10:07 7 100 02-02-12 2 76 25 10:39 1 100 21-02-12 2 83 68 13:09 3 100

7.4.3.7 Woodcock One very short flight, below RSH, of a single bird below VP 1 which landed in Juncus on 9th November 2011 (Table 7.18; Figure A7.8).

On the basis of such infrequent observations of woodcock, collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible and collision risk modelling is not required.

Table 7.18 Woodcock fl ights Date VP Key



09-11-11 1 56 4 10:16 1 0

7.4.3.8 Curlew A total of 15 flights, totalling 19 birds, between April and July 2011 (Table 7.19; Figure A7.9); the majority of flights (11) were observed in April with two flights in May and single flights in June and July 2011. All flights involved birds from the small local breeding population and



most flights involved short display flights in the vicinity of the Air Shaft in the western part of the core survey area.

Eleven flights were entirely below RSH. Four flights spent between 33.3 % and 87.5 % flight time at RSH; three of these flights were observed over the core survey area and one flight to the northwest of core survey area. Two of these flights briefly entered the core survey area to the northwest of the Air Shaft and one flight (two birds) was observed passing over the core survey area heading northeast over Spa Hill before heading southeast over Gorpley Reservoir. Away from the core survey area one flight passed southwest over Tooter Hill.

On the basis of such infrequent observations of curlew in the survey area at RSH (total estimated 284 seconds at RSH), collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible and collision risk modelling is not required.

Table 7.19 Curlew flights Date VP Key



11-04-11 1 3 22 16:16 2 0 22-04-11 1 9 10 07:22 1 0 22-04-11 2 5 186 08:19 2 0 22-04-11 1 10 30 08:20 2 50 22-04-11 1 11 40 08:21 1 33.3 22-04-11 2 6 26 08:35 1 0 22-04-11 1 12 42 08:38 1 0 22-04-11 2 7 38 08:58 1 0 22-04-11 1 14 30 09:00 1 0 22-04-11 1 15 10 09:43 1 0 22-04-11 2 8 34 10:04 1 0 19-05-11 1 16 68 06:18 1 0 30-05-11 2 17 115 12:42 2 87.5 10-06-11 1 37 47 12:25 1 0 06-07-11 1 28 79 15:18 1 50

7.4.3.9 Short-eared owl Thirteen flights of a single bird on two dates in January 2012 (Table 7.20; Figure A7.10). Twelve observed flights were below RSH and a single flight spent a third of flight time at RSH.

The majority of flight activity occurred over the western part of the core survey area in the vicinity of the Air Shaft apart from a single flight, partially at RSH; which moved south out of the core survey area to the east of Trough Edge End. To the west of the core survey area two flights were noted over Reaps Moss and one to the northeast of Hogshead Law Hill.

On the basis of such infrequent observations of short-eared owl in the survey area at RSH (estimated 12 seconds at RSH), collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible and collision risk modelling is not required.

Table 7.20 Short-eared owl fl ights Date VP Key



09-01-12 1 61 8 13:13 1 0 09-01-12 1 62 154 13:14 1 0 09-01-12 2 71 16 13:16 1 0 09-01-12 2 72 8 13:23 1 0 09-01-12 2 73 36 13:26 1 33.3 09-01-12 1 63 178 13:32 1 0 09-01-12 2 74 340 13:33 1 0 09-01-12 2 75 36 13:36 1 0 09-01-12 1 64 27 13:36 1 0



Date VP Key number

Duration Time Flock size (birds)


09-01-12 1 65 65 13:38 1 0 26-01-12 2 79 199 15:32 1 0 26-01-12 2 80 54 15:41 1 0 26-01-12 2 81 58 15:47 1 0

7.4.3.10 Raven A total of 22 flights across all months except May and June 2011 (Table 7.21; Figure A7.11). Peak count of six on 17th August 2011.

Flights occurred at and below RSH: 11 flights (50 %) spent no flight time at RSH, six flights (27.2 %) spent between 23.1 % and 75 % of flight time at RSH and five (22.8 %) were entirely at RSH.

Six flights, of 12 birds, were observed passing over some, or all, of the core survey area at RSH: five flights were to the northeast of Trough Edge End and one passed north over Range Hoyle. Five flights spent some flight time at RSH to the west of the core survey area: three to the west of Shackleton and two to the west of Tooter Hill.

On the basis of relatively infrequent observations of raven at RSH in the survey area, collision risk to this species is considered to be negligible and collision risk modelling is not required.

Table 7.21 Raven fl ights Date VP Key



22-04-11 2 54 28 13:03 1 0 21-07-11 1 21 180 06:40 1 23.1 21-07-11 2 29 171 06:43 2 41.7 21-07-11 1 22 180 06:47 2 0 17-08-11 1 40 134 09:58 6 100 17-08-11 2 43 32 10:01 1 66.7 17-08-11 2 44 56 10:13 2 75 17-08-11 1 41 315 10:24 2 100 17-08-11 1 42 60 10:28 2 100 07-09-11 2 49 32 16:30 1 100 20-10-11 1 51 46 13:52 2 0 20-10-11 2 52 86 13:52 1 0 09-11-11 1 57 10 10:34 1 0 09-11-11 2 59 28 10:47 1 0 16-12-11 2 60 38 10:08 1 33.3 09-01-12 2 66 21 12:27 2 0 09-01-12 2 67 10 12:29 1 0 09-01-12 2 68 11 12:30 1 0 09-01-12 2 69 72 12:37 1 60 09-01-12 2 70 66 12:37 1 100 02-02-12 1 82 5 10:04 1 0 02-02-12 2 77 10 10:55 1 0

7.4.3.11 Secondary Species Small numbers of gulls were recorded from the VP watches throughout the year with numbers peaking during the autumn. Maximum 5-minute counts included 19 black-headed gulls in October 2011, 12 common gulls in October 2011, eight lesser black-backed gulls in June 2011 and two great black-backed gulls in January and February 2012.

Kestrel was recorded regularly throughout the survey period with birds recorded hunting within the core survey area and the buffer zone, with peak 5-minute counts of two kestrels in



July and August 2011. Single sparrowhawks were recorded in March, August and October 2011 and one common buzzard was observed in June 2011.

The peak 5-minute count of fieldfare was 80 in October 2011.

7.4.3.12 Noteworthy additional observations On 21st March 2011, three twite flew southeast over VP 2 and on 10th June, a total of 17 twite moved over VP 1 passing both east and west. A total of 20 common crossbills flew south over VP 1 on 20th October 2011 and two lesser redpolls passed over VP 1 on 9th November 2011. A flock of snow buntings by VP 2 numbered 15 on 16th December 2011 but had reduced to 11 by the 24th December 2011.

Notable records prior to VP surveys commencing (whilst surveyors were en-route to VP locations) included: a male merlin carrying a meadow pipit along Limers Gate on 10th June 2011 and a turnstone passing low along Limers Gate on 7th September 2011.

7.4.3.13 Flight Activity Summary The majority of target species flights were accounted for by three species: raven (22 flights; 27.8 %) which were thought to involve breeding birds from the wider area; curlew (15 flights; 19 %) which involved birds from the very small local breeding population; and short-eared owl (13 flights; 16.5 %) which involved a single wintering bird.

7.4.4 Winter Walkover Survey

A total of 48 species was recorded within the WWS area between September 2011 and February 2012, including 26 species of conservation concern (Annex 1, Schedule 1, UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, UK Red and UK Amber listed species) (Table 7.22).

Table 7.22 Species of conservation concern recorded during the w inter walkover surveys



Mallard Amber listed Not recorded. Two on an artificial pond to the south of Clough Foot on 10th January 2012.

Teal Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Not recorded. One on 8th September 2011 on the pool to the southeast of Hogshead Law Hill.

Grey partridge UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

Not recorded. Two on 3rd February 2012 to the north of Reaps Moss.

Kestrel Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Amber listed

Singles to the north of Gorpley Reservoir on 21st October 2011 and 3rd February 2012.

Singles at Shackleton Holmes on 21st October 2011 and at Gorpley on 10th January 2012.

Merlin Annex 1, schedule 1, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP,Amber listed

A single hunting near Trough Edge End on 8th September 2011 before flying south.

Not recorded.

Peregrine falcon

Annex 1, Schedule 1, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP,

Not recorded. A single bird landed on the electricity pylon to the east of Gorpley Reservoir on 8th November 2011.

Jack snipe Amber listed Not recorded. Singles on Midgelden Pasture and Reaps Moss on 21st October 2011.





Common snipe Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Two birds: singles by the disused air shaft on 21st October and near Range Hoyle on 21st December 2011.

Passage birds included 10 on 21st October 2011, mostly on Inchfield Pasture and Reaps Moss. Singles on Inchfield Pasture on 8th November 2011 and on Reaps Moss on 21st December 2011.

Woodcock Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Amber listed

A single bird near the Rossendale Way on 21st October 2011.

Not recorded.

Black-headed gull

Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Not recorded. Flock of 12 near Shackleton Holmes on 8th November 2011.

Common gull Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Not recorded. Three were in the fields to the south of Shacketon Holmes on 8th November 2011 and two flew south over Clough Foot on 21st December 2012 .

Skylark UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

Eight flew over fields to the north of Gorpley Reservoir on 8th September 2011 with two more by Trough Edge End.

One near Trough Edge End on 8th September 2011. Singles flew over near Hogshead Law Hill on 21st October and over Inchfield Pasture on 8th November 2011.

Raven Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP

One at Trough Edge End on 3rd February 2012.

Singles over Inchfield Pasture on 21st December 2011, over Midgelden Bank on 10th January 2012 and over Weather Hill on 3rd February 2012.

Goldcrest Calderdale LBAP Five along Gorpley Clough on 8th September 2011.

One in Stones Wood on 21st October 2011.

Swallow Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Amber listed

Not recorded. A total of 25 on 8th September 2011 mostly around Clough Foot with a peak count of 15 over Midgelden Brook.

Grasshopper warbler

UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

Not recorded. One on Inchfield Pasture on 8th September 2011.

Meadow pipit Amber listed Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP

Recorded throughout the winter, but decreasing dramatically by November. A total of 61 on 8th September 2011 with a maximum count of 10 close to the disused air shaft, with further concentrations in the fields to the north of Gorpley Reservoir and around Three Nooks. Three were recorded on 21st October and singles on 8th November 2011 and 21st January 2012 .

A total of 121 on 8th September, 30 on 21st October and six on 8th November 2011; birds were concentrated around the Rossendale Way and Inchfield Pasture.

Dunnock Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

Not recorded. Present in gardens along the A681: singles on 8th September and 21st October, two on 21st December 2011 and 10th January 2012 and three on 3rd February 2012.





Starling UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

A flock of 12 to the north of Range Hoyle on 21st October 2011.

All sightings from the vicinity of Shackleton Holmes: four on 21st October 2011, 140 on 8th November 2011 and a single on 10th January 2012.

Fieldfare Schedule 1, Red listed

Two on 21st October 2011: one over Range Hoyle waterfall and one over Raven Nest Hill.

Small migrant flocks noted in October and November with totals of 48 on 21st October 2011, of which 44 were just north of Reaps Moss and 80 on 8th November 2011 in Gorpley Clough and along Midgelden Brook.

Redwing Schedule 1, Red listed

A single bird feeding in the Wreck Beds on 21st October 2011.

A single over Old Day Hole on 21st October 2011 and two birds on 8th November 2011, over Foul Clough Road and Shackleton .

Mistle thrush Amber listed, Calderdale LBAP

Not recorded. A single was at Clough Foot on 8th November 2011 and two flew over Ramsden Clough Reservoir on 3rd February 2012.

Grey wagtail Calderdale LBAP, Amber listed

Three beside Gorpley Reservoir on 8th September 2011.

Not recorded.

Brambling Schedule 1 A wintering flock in Gorpley Clough consisted of 70 birds on 21st December 2011 and 60 on 10th January 2012.

The flock from Gorpley Clough was also recorded in Midgelden Clough on 21st December 2011 and 10th January 2012.

Linnet UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Red listed

Not recorded. Two on 8th September 2011 along the gardens on the A681, and single flyovers on 8th November 2011 and 10th January 2012.

Reed bunting UK BAP, Calderdale LBAP, West Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

A female on 21st October to the southwest of Spa Hill, with three there on 8th November and a further two in the most westerly point of the core survey area. Two on 21st December 2011 were near three Nooks and two on 10th January 2012 were present between the Wreck Beds and the ravine between Ravens Nest Hill and Inchfield Moor.

Three on 21st October 2011: two on Inchfield Pasture and one to the north of Reaps Moss.

A further 22 common species of low conservation concern were also recorded: Canada goose, pheasant, woodpigeon, magpie, jay, jackdaw, carrion crow, great tit, blue tit, coal tit, long-tailed tit, nuthatch, treecreeper, wren, dipper, blackbird, robin, pied wagtail, chaffinch, greenfinch, goldfinch and siskin.

7.4.5 Nocturnal Golden Plover Survey

During the nocturnal golden plover surveys, golden plover were recorded on one occasion within 800 m of the core survey area (NGPS area, equivalent to the WWS area) between July and October 2011 (Table 7.23).



Table 7.23 Nocturnal Golden plover records Species Conservation status Details Golden plover Annex 1, Calderdale LBAP, West

Yorkshire LBAP, Lancashire LBAP, Amber listed

At least two heard calling as they passed northwest to the west of Trough Edge End on 28th July 2011

No additional species of wader were recorded during these surveys.

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2 km Radius of Core Survey Area

5 km Radius of Turbines

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South Pennine MoorsSite of Special Scientific Interest

South Pennine MoorsSpecial Protection Area

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Revision: ARef: 702/TA/001

Produced: CRDReviewed: SCApproved: AW

Date: 11/10/2012

1:150,000 Scale @ A3

Designated Sites of OrnithologicalValue within 20 km

Figure A7.1

Gorpley Wind FarmTechnical Appendix 7.1

F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.1_DesignatedSitesofOrnithologicalValue_20120830.mxd

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1 km Barn Owl Survey Area

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1:25,000 Scale @ A3

Vantage Point Locationsand Survey Areas

Figure A7.2


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.2_VantagePointLocationsandSurveyAreas_20120830.mxd

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25 m Rotor Swept HeightVisible from Vantage Point 2

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Date: 11/10/2012

1:10,000 Scale @ A3

Vantage Point ViewshedsFigure A7.3

Gorpley Wind FarmTechnical Appendix A7.1

F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.3_VantagePointViewsheds_20120830.mxd

25 m Rotor Swept Height Visiblefrom Vantage Point 1 and 2

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1:15,000 Scale @ A3

Breeding Bird Territories:Species of Conservation Concern

Figure A7.4


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.4_BreedingBirdTerritories_20120830.mxd

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Date: 11/10/2012

1:15,000 Scale @ A3

Canada Goose, Mallardand Grey Heron Flights

Figure A7.5


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.5_CanadaGooseMallardGreyHeron_20120830.mxd

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Date: 11/10/2012

1:15,000 Scale @ A3

Merlin FlightsFigure A7.6


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.6_Merlin_20120830.mxd

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Date: 11/10/2012

1:15,000 Scale @ A3

Peregrine Falcon FlightsFigure A7.7


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.7_PeregrineFalcon_20120830.mxd

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Core Survey Area


Golden Plover

Woodcock

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Date: 11/10/2012

1:15,000 Scale @ A3

Golden Plover andWoodcock Flights

Figure A7.8


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.8_GoldenPloverandWoodcock_20120830.mxd

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Date: 11/10/2012

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Curlew FlightsFigure A7.9


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.9_Curlew_20120830.mxd

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Date: 11/10/2012

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Short-eared Owl FlightsFigure A7.10


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.10_Short-earedOwl_20120830.mxd

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Raven

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Raven FlightsFigure A7.11


F:\Projects\702 Gorpley\MXD\ES MXDs\Technical Appendix MXDs\702_Gorpley_FigA7.11_Raven_20120830.mxd



ANNEX A

Table A.1 Flight activity survey dates and times

Date VP Observer Start Time End Time Time at VP (hrs) 31-03-11 1 RS 11:10 13:10 2 31-03-11 1 RS 13:10 15:10 2 31-03-11 2 PM 11:10 13:10 2 31-03-11 2 PM 13:10 15:10 2 11-04-11 1 RS 12:00 15:00 3 11-04-11 1 RS 15:00 18:00 3 11-04-11 2 PM 12:00 15:00 3 11-04-11 2 PM 15:00 18:00 3 22-04-11 1 PM 07:10 10:10 3 22-04-11 1 PM 10:10 13:10 3 22-04-11 2 RSS 07:25 10:25 3 22-04-11 2 RSS 10:25 13:25 3 19-05-11 1 RS 04:30 07:30 3 19-05-11 1 RS 07:30 10:30 3 19-05-11 2 AH 04:45 07:45 3 19-05-11 2 AH 07:45 10:45 3 30-05-11 1 RS 10:55 13:55 3 30-05-11 1 RS 13:55 16:55 3 30-05-11 2 PM 10:55 13:55 3 30-05-11 2 PM 13:55 16:55 3 10-06-11 1 RSS 07:10 10:10 3 10-06-11 1 RSS 10:10 13:10 3 10-06-11 2 OM 07:10 10:10 3 10-06-11 2 OM 10:10 13:10 3 22-06-11 1 OM 08:10 11:10 3 22-06-11 1 OM 11:10 14:10 3 22-06-11 2 PM 08:10 11:10 3 22-06-11 2 PM 11:10 14:10 3 06-07-11 1 OM 11:00 14:00 3 06-07-11 1 OM 14:00 17:00 3 06-07-11 2 AH 11:00 14:00 3 06-07-11 2 AH 14:00 17:00 3 21-07-11 1 GT 05:05 08:05 3 21-07-11 1 GT 08:05 11:05 3 21-07-11 2 OM 05:05 08:05 3 21-07-11 2 OM 08:05 11:05 3 17-08-11 1 OM 05:10 08:10 3 17-08-11 1 OM 08:10 11:10 3 17-08-11 2 PM 05:10 08:10 3 17-08-11 2 PM 08:10 11:10 3 18-08-11 1 PM 15:15 18:15 3 18-08-11 1 PM 18:15 21:15 3 18-08-11 2 OM 15:15 18:15 3 18-08-11 2 OM 18:15 21:15 3 07-09-11 1 OM 12:00 15:00 3 07-09-11 1 OM 15:00 18:00 3 07-09-11 2 DW 12:00 15:00 3 07-09-11 2 DW 15:00 18:00 3 22-09-11 1 RSS 11:45 14:45 3 22-09-11 1 RSS 14:45 17:45 3 22-09-11 2 TJ 11:45 14:45 3 22-09-11 2 TJ 14:45 17:45 3 20-10-11 1 AH 11:05 14:05 3 20-10-11 1 AH 14:05 17:05 3 20-10-11 2 OM 11:05 14:05 3 20-10-11 2 OM 14:05 17:05 3



Date VP Observer Start Time End Time Time at VP (hrs) 26-10-11 1 GT 07:45 10:45 3 26-10-11 1 GT 10:45 13:45 3 26-10-11 2 OM 07:45 10:45 3 26-10-11 2 OM 10:45 13:45 3 09-11-11 1 RSS 07:30 10:30 3 09-11-11 1 RSS 10:30 13:30 3 09-11-11 2 OM 07:30 10:30 3 09-11-11 2 OM 10:30 13:30 3 24-11-11 1 OM 10:15 13:15 3 24-11-11 1 OM 13:15 16:15 3 24-11-11 2 AH 10:15 13:15 3 24-11-11 2 AH 13:15 16:15 3 16-12-11 1 AH 08:25 11:25 3 16-12-11 1 AH 11:25 13:25 2 16-12-11 2 PM 08:25 11:25 3 16-12-11 2 PM 11:25 13:25 2 24-12-11 1 PM 08:25 11:25 3 24-12-11 1 PM 11:25 13:25 2 24-12-11 2 AH 08:25 11:25 3 24-12-11 2 AH 11:25 13:25 2 09-01-12 1 OM 10:00 12:00 2 09-01-12 1 OM 12:00 14:00 2 09-01-12 2 PM 10:00 12:00 2 09-01-12 2 PM 12:00 14:00 2 26-01-12 1 PM 12:10 14:10 2 26-01-12 1 PM 14:10 16:10 2 26-01-12 2 AH 12:10 14:10 2 26-01-12 2 AH 14:10 16:10 2 02-02-12 1 AH 09:30 12:30 3 02-02-12 1 AH 12:30 14:30 2 02-02-12 2 PM 12:30 14:30 2 02-02-12 2 PM 09:30 12:30 3 21-02-12 1 DW 10:45 13:45 3 21-02-12 1 DW 13:45 16:45 3 21-02-12 2 AH 10:45 13:45 3 21-02-12 2 AH 13:45 16:45 3

Notes: Observers: Andy Hirst (AH), Tim Jones (TJ), Oliver Metcalf (OM), Pete Middleton (PM), Russell Slack (RSS), Ross Stephens (RS), Garry Taylor (GT) and Dave Waudby (DW).



ANNEX B

Table B.1 Weather conditions for each hour of fl ight activity survey

Dat

e

Van

tage

Poi

nt

Ob

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er

Sta

rt T

ime

End

tim

e

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r

Win

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Win

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t

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ow

31-03-11 1 RS 11:10 13:10 1 7 SW 1 8 2 2 0 0 31-03-11 1 RS 11:10 13:10 2 7 W 0 8 2 2 0 0 31-03-11 1 RS 13:10 15:10 1 6 W 0 8 2 2 0 0 31-03-11 1 RS 13:10 15:10 2 6 W 0 7 2 2 0 0 31-03-11 2 PM 11:10 13:10 1 7 W 2 8 2 2 0 0 31-03-11 2 PM 11:10 13:10 2 8 W 0 8 2 2 0 0 31-03-11 2 PM 13:10 15:10 1 8 W 0 7 2 2 0 0 31-03-11 2 PM 13:10 15:10 2 8 W 0 5 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 1 RS 12:00 15:00 1 3 W 2 8 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 1 RS 12:00 15:00 2 4 NW 2 8 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 1 RS 12:00 15:00 3 3 NW 0 4 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 1 RS 15:00 18:00 1 4 NW 0 4 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 1 RS 15:00 18:00 2 3 NW 0 6 2 2 2 0 11-04-11 1 RS 15:00 18:00 3 3 NW 1 7 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 2 PM 12:00 15:00 1 6 W 4 8 1 0 0 0 11-04-11 2 PM 12:00 15:00 2 7 W 4 8 1 0 0 0 11-04-11 2 PM 12:00 15:00 3 7 NW 0 5 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 2 PM 15:00 18:00 1 7 NW 0 5 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 2 PM 15:00 18:00 2 7 WNW 3 7 2 2 0 0 11-04-11 2 PM 15:00 18:00 3 7 WNW 3 7 2 2 0 0 22-04-11 1 PM 07:10 10:10 1 3 SE 0 0 1 0 0 22-04-11 1 PM 07:10 10:10 2 3 E 0 0 2 0 0 22-04-11 1 PM 07:10 10:10 3 4 E 0 2 2 2 0 0 22-04-11 1 PM 10:10 13:10 1 5 E 0 3 2 2 0 0 22-04-11 1 PM 10:10 13:10 2 5 E 0 0 2 2 0 0 22-04-11 1 PM 10:10 13:10 3 5 SE 0 2 2 0 0 22-04-11 2 RSS 07:25 10:25 1 3 SE 0 1 2 0 0 0 22-04-11 2 RSS 07:25 10:25 2 4 SE 0 0 0 1 0 0 22-04-11 2 RSS 07:25 10:25 3 4 SE 0 1 2 1 0 0 22-04-11 2 RSS 10:25 13:25 1 4 SE 0 1 1 1 0 0 22-04-11 2 RSS 10:25 13:25 2 5 SE 0 1 1 1 0 0 22-04-11 2 RSS 10:25 13:25 3 5 SE 0 1 1 2 0 0 19-05-11 1 RS 04:30 07:30 1 3 SW 0 6 2 2 0 0 19-05-11 1 RS 04:30 07:30 2 3 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 19-05-11 1 RS 04:30 07:30 3 3 W 0 6 2 2 0 0 19-05-11 1 RS 07:30 10:30 1 3 W 0 7 2 2 0 0 19-05-11 1 RS 07:30 10:30 2 4 W 0 6 2 2 0 0 19-05-11 1 RS 07:30 10:30 3 2 W 0 5 2 2 0 0 19-05-11 2 AH 04:45 07:45 1 2 SW 0 4 1 1 0 0 19-05-11 2 AH 04:45 07:45 2 3 SW 0 4 1 2 0 0 19-05-11 2 AH 04:45 07:45 3 3 SW 0 4 1 2 0 0 19-05-11 2 AH 07:45 10:45 1 3 SW 0 5 1 2 0 0 19-05-11 2 AH 07:45 10:45 2 3 SW 0 4 1 2 0 0 19-05-11 2 AH 07:45 10:45 3 3 SW 0 4 1 2 0 0 30-05-11 1 RS 10:55 13:55 1 3 W 2 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 1 RS 10:55 13:55 2 3 W 2 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 1 RS 10:55 13:55 3 3 W 3 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 1 RS 13:55 16:55 1 3 W 0 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 1 RS 13:55 16:55 2 3 W 0 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 1 RS 13:55 16:55 3 3 W 0 7 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 2 PM 10:55 13:55 1 3 W 4 8 2 2 0 0



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30-05-11 2 PM 10:55 13:55 2 4 W 4 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 2 PM 10:55 13:55 3 4 W 4 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 2 PM 13:55 16:55 1 4 W 0 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 2 PM 13:55 16:55 2 4 W 0 8 2 2 0 0 30-05-11 2 PM 13:55 16:55 3 4 W 0 6 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 1 RSS 07:10 10:10 1 1 SW 0 3 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 1 RSS 07:10 10:10 2 1 SW 0 5 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 1 RSS 07:10 10:10 3 1 SW 0 4 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 1 RSS 10:10 13:10 1 1 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 1 RSS 10:10 13:10 2 1 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 1 RSS 10:10 13:10 3 1 SW 2 7 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 2 OM 07:10 10:10 1 1 SW 0 4 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 2 OM 07:10 10:10 2 2 SW 0 6 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 2 OM 07:10 10:10 3 2 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 2 OM 10:10 13:10 1 3 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 2 OM 10:10 13:10 2 1 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 10-06-11 2 OM 10:10 13:10 3 2 SE 2 8 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 1 OM 08:10 11:10 1 1 SW 1 7 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 1 OM 08:10 11:10 2 2 W 3 6 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 1 OM 08:10 11:10 3 3 WNW 1 6 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 1 OM 11:10 14:10 1 3 W 1 7 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 1 OM 11:10 14:10 2 6 WNW 0 5 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 1 OM 11:10 14:10 3 5 W 0 6 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 2 PM 08:10 11:10 1 4 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 2 PM 08:10 11:10 2 4 SW 3 7 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 2 PM 08:10 11:10 3 4 SW 3 7 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 2 PM 11:10 14:10 1 4 WSW 0 7 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 2 PM 11:10 14:10 2 4 WSW 0 5 2 2 0 0 22-06-11 2 PM 11:10 14:10 3 5 WSW 0 5 2 2 0 0 06-07-11 1 OM 11:00 14:00 1 1 WSW 4 8 2 1 0 0 06-07-11 1 OM 11:00 14:00 2 2 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 06-07-11 1 OM 11:00 14:00 3 3 SW 3 7 2 2 0 0 06-07-11 1 OM 14:00 17:00 1 3 SW 3 7 2 2 0 0 06-07-11 1 OM 14:00 17:00 2 0 - 3 6 2 2 0 0 06-07-11 1 OM 14:00 17:00 3 1 S 3 6 2 2 0 0 06-07-11 2 AH 11:00 14:00 1 3 SW 1 8 1 1 0 0 06-07-11 2 AH 11:00 14:00 2 3 SW 0 7 1 2 0 0 06-07-11 2 AH 11:00 14:00 3 4 SW 2 6 1 2 0 0 06-07-11 2 AH 14:00 17:00 1 2 SW 2 6 1 2 0 0 06-07-11 2 AH 14:00 17:00 2 3 SW 3 6 1 2 0 0 06-07-11 2 AH 14:00 17:00 3 4 SW 0 4 1 2 0 0 21-07-11 1 GT 05:05 08:05 1 5 N 1 8 1 2 0 0 21-07-11 1 GT 05:05 08:05 2 5 NE 0 7 1 2 0 0 21-07-11 1 GT 05:05 08:05 3 5 E 0 7 1 2 0 0 21-07-11 1 GT 08:05 11:05 1 5 NE 0 7 1 2 0 0 21-07-11 1 GT 08:05 11:05 2 5 NE 0 7 1 2 0 0 21-07-11 1 GT 08:05 11:05 3 5 NE 0 7 1 2 0 0 21-07-11 2 OM 05:05 08:05 1 5 ENE 0 8 2 2 0 0 21-07-11 2 OM 05:05 08:05 2 6 ENE 0 7 2 2 0 0 21-07-11 2 OM 05:05 08:05 3 5 ENE 0 6 2 2 0 0 21-07-11 2 OM 08:05 11:05 1 6 NE 0 7 2 2 0 0 21-07-11 2 OM 08:05 11:05 2 6 E 0 6 2 2 0 0 21-07-11 2 OM 08:05 11:05 3 6 SE 0 6 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 1 OM 05:10 08:10 1 1 W 0 3 2 1 0 0 17-08-11 1 OM 05:10 08:10 2 1 W 0 3 2 2 0 0



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17-08-11 1 OM 05:10 08:10 3 2 W 0 3 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 1 OM 08:10 11:10 1 2 W 0 5 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 1 OM 08:10 11:10 2 2 W 0 5 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 1 OM 08:10 11:10 3 3 W 0 4 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 2 PM 05:10 08:10 1 3 NW 0 1 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 2 PM 05:10 08:10 2 3 NW 0 2 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 2 PM 05:10 08:10 3 2 NW 0 3 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 2 PM 08:10 11:10 1 2 NW 0 4 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 2 PM 08:10 11:10 2 2 NW 0 4 2 2 0 0 17-08-11 2 PM 08:10 11:10 3 2 NW 0 4 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 1 PM 15:15 18:15 1 2 E 0 6 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 1 PM 15:15 18:15 2 1 E 0 8 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 1 PM 15:15 18:15 3 1 E 2 8 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 1 PM 18:15 21:15 1 2 NW 2 8 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 1 PM 18:15 21:15 2 2 NW 2 8 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 1 PM 18:15 21:15 3 3 NW 2 8 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 2 OM 15:15 18:15 1 1 W 0 7 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 2 OM 15:15 18:15 2 1 W 0 7 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 2 OM 15:15 18:15 3 0 - 1 8 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 2 OM 18:15 21:15 1 1 NW 1 8 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 2 OM 18:15 21:15 2 1 NW 2 8 2 2 0 0 18-08-11 2 OM 18:15 21:15 3 1 NW 3 8 2 1 0 0 07-09-11 1 OM 12:00 15:00 1 7 W 2 8 1 2 0 0 07-09-11 1 OM 12:00 15:00 2 8 W 3 7 1 0 0 0 07-09-11 1 OM 12:00 15:00 3 9 W 0 6 1 2 0 0 07-09-11 1 OM 15:00 18:00 1 7 W 2 7 1 2 0 0 07-09-11 1 OM 15:00 18:00 2 5 W 2 6 1 2 0 0 07-09-11 1 OM 15:00 18:00 3 6 W 0 7 1 2 0 0 07-09-11 2 DW 12:00 15:00 1 8 WNW 3 8 0 2 0 0 07-09-11 2 DW 12:00 15:00 2 8 WNW 3 8 0 2 0 0 07-09-11 2 DW 12:00 15:00 3 8 W 3 7 1 2 0 0 07-09-11 2 DW 15:00 18:00 1 8 WSW 2 7 1 2 0 0 07-09-11 2 DW 15:00 18:00 2 8 WSW 2 8 1 2 0 0 07-09-11 2 DW 15:00 18:00 3 8 SW 0 7 1 2 0 0 22-09-11 1 RSS 11:45 14:45 1 5 SW 0 4 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 1 RSS 11:45 14:45 2 5 SW 0 6 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 1 RSS 11:45 14:45 3 5 SW 0 5 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 1 RSS 14:45 17:45 1 5 SW 0 4 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 1 RSS 14:45 17:45 2 5 SW 0 4 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 1 RSS 14:45 17:45 3 5 SW 0 2 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 2 TJ 11:45 14:45 1 6 WSW 0 5 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 2 TJ 11:45 14:45 2 6 WSW 0 5 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 2 TJ 11:45 14:45 3 6 W 0 5 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 2 TJ 14:45 17:45 1 6 W 0 4 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 2 TJ 14:45 17:45 2 6 W 0 5 2 2 0 0 22-09-11 2 TJ 14:45 17:45 3 6 W 0 4 2 2 0 0 20-10-11 1 AH 11:05 14:05 1 5 SW 0 6 2 2 0 0 20-10-11 1 AH 11:05 14:05 2 4 SW 2 5 2 2 0 0 20-10-11 1 AH 11:05 14:05 3 4 SW 2 5 2 2 0 0 20-10-11 1 AH 14:05 17:05 1 4 SW 1 7 1 2 0 0 20-10-11 1 AH 14:05 17:05 2 5 SW 1 5 2 2 0 0 20-10-11 1 AH 14:05 17:05 3 4 SW 2 7 1 2 0 0 20-10-11 2 OM 11:05 14:05 1 1 SW 1 7 1 2 1 0 20-10-11 2 OM 11:05 14:05 2 3 WSW 0 6 1 2 0 0 20-10-11 2 OM 11:05 14:05 3 3 WSW 2 7 1 2 0 0



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20-10-11 2 OM 14:05 17:05 1 2 WSW 1 6 2 2 0 0 20-10-11 2 OM 14:05 17:05 2 4 WSW 1 8 1 2 0 0 20-10-11 2 OM 14:05 17:05 3 3 WSW 2 8 1 2 0 0 26-10-11 1 GT 07:45 10:45 1 3 SSE 0 8 0 1 0 0 26-10-11 1 GT 07:45 10:45 2 3 SSE 0 6 1 1 0 0 26-10-11 1 GT 07:45 10:45 3 3 SSE 0 3 2 2 0 0 26-10-11 1 GT 10:45 13:45 1 3 SSE 0 2 2 2 0 0 26-10-11 1 GT 10:45 13:45 2 3 SSE 0 3 2 2 0 0 26-10-11 1 GT 10:45 13:45 3 3 SSE 0 4 2 2 0 0 26-10-11 2 OM 07:45 10:45 1 2 SW 0 8 0 0 0 0 26-10-11 2 OM 07:45 10:45 2 1 SW 0 8 0 0 0 0 26-10-11 2 OM 07:45 10:45 3 3 SW 0 3 2 2 0 0 26-10-11 2 OM 10:45 13:45 1 1 SW 0 2 2 2 0 0 26-10-11 2 OM 10:45 13:45 2 3 SW 0 2 2 2 0 0 26-10-11 2 OM 10:45 13:45 3 4 SW 0 6 2 2 0 0 09-11-11 1 RSS 07:30 10:30 1 2 SE 0 8 1 2 0 0 09-11-11 1 RSS 07:30 10:30 2 1 SE 0 8 1 1 0 0 09-11-11 1 RSS 07:30 10:30 3 1 SE 0 8 1 1 0 0 09-11-11 1 RSS 10:30 13:30 1 1 SE 0 7 2 2 0 0 09-11-11 1 RSS 10:30 13:30 2 1 SE 0 8 2 2 0 0 09-11-11 1 RSS 10:30 13:30 3 4 SE 0 8 2 2 0 0 09-11-11 2 OM 07:30 10:30 1 2 SE 0 8 0 2 0 0 09-11-11 2 OM 07:30 10:30 2 1 SE 0 8 0 0 0 0 09-11-11 2 OM 07:30 10:30 3 1 SE 0 8 1 1 0 0 09-11-11 2 OM 10:30 13:30 1 2 SE 0 6 2 2 0 0 09-11-11 2 OM 10:30 13:30 2 3 SE 0 7 2 2 0 0 09-11-11 2 OM 10:30 13:30 3 4 SE 0 8 2 2 0 0 24-11-11 1 OM 10:15 13:15 1 5 SSW 0 4 2 2 0 0 24-11-11 1 OM 10:15 13:15 2 5 SW 0 4 2 2 0 0 24-11-11 1 OM 10:15 13:15 3 5 SW 0 4 2 2 0 0 24-11-11 1 OM 13:15 16:15 1 6 SW 0 8 2 2 0 0 24-11-11 1 OM 13:15 16:15 2 6 SW 0 7 1 2 0 0 24-11-11 1 OM 13:15 16:15 3 6 SW 0 7 1 2 0 0 24-11-11 2 AH 10:15 13:15 1 6 SW 0 3 2 2 0 0 24-11-11 2 AH 10:15 13:15 2 6 SW 0 4 2 2 0 0 24-11-11 2 AH 10:15 13:15 3 6 SW 0 5 1 2 0 0 24-11-11 2 AH 13:15 16:15 1 6 SW 0 7 1 2 0 0 24-11-11 2 AH 13:15 16:15 2 6 SW 0 6 1 2 0 0 24-11-11 2 AH 13:15 16:15 3 7 SW 0 6 1 2 0 0 16-12-11 1 AH 08:25 11:25 1 3 NW 0 8 1 1 1 1 16-12-11 1 AH 08:25 11:25 2 3 NW 0 7 0 1 1 1 16-12-11 1 AH 08:25 11:25 3 2 NW 0 7 0 1 1 1 16-12-11 1 AH 11:25 13:25 1 3 NW 2 8 0 0 0 1 16-12-11 1 AH 11:25 13:25 2 4 NW 2 8 0 0 0 1 16-12-11 2 PM 08:25 11:25 1 3 NW 0 6 1 0 1 1 16-12-11 2 PM 08:25 11:25 2 3 NW 0 8 1 0 1 1 16-12-11 2 PM 08:25 11:25 3 3 NW 2 8 1 0 1 1 16-12-11 2 PM 11:25 13:25 1 3 NW 1 8 1 0 1 1 16-12-11 2 PM 11:25 13:25 2 3 NW 2 8 1 0 1 1 24-12-11 1 PM 08:25 11:25 1 5 WNW 0 8 1 1 0 0 24-12-11 1 PM 08:25 11:25 2 5 WNW 2 8 1 1 0 0 24-12-11 1 PM 08:25 11:25 3 5 WNW 2 8 1 2 0 0 24-12-11 1 PM 11:25 13:25 1 6 WNW 0 7 1 2 0 0 24-12-11 1 PM 11:25 13:25 2 6 WNW 0 7 2 2 0 0 24-12-11 2 AH 08:25 11:25 1 5 W 1 8 1 1 0 0



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24-12-11 2 AH 08:25 11:25 2 4 W 1 8 0 0 0 0 24-12-11 2 AH 08:25 11:25 3 5 W 1 8 0 0 0 0 24-12-11 2 AH 11:25 13:25 1 6 W 0 7 0 0 0 0 24-12-11 2 AH 11:25 13:25 2 6 W 0 7 1 0 0 0 09-01-12 1 OM 10:00 12:00 1 6 NW 2 8 0 1 0 0 09-01-12 1 OM 10:00 12:00 2 7 NW 2 8 1 2 0 0 09-01-12 1 OM 12:00 14:00 1 5 NW 2 8 2 2 0 0 09-01-12 1 OM 12:00 14:00 2 4 NW 1 8 1 1 0 0 09-01-12 2 PM 10:00 12:00 1 7 NW 1 8 1 0 0 0 09-01-12 2 PM 10:00 12:00 2 7 NW 1 8 1 0 0 0 09-01-12 2 PM 12:00 14:00 1 7 NW 1 8 1 0 0 0 09-01-12 2 PM 12:00 14:00 2 4 NW 1 8 1 2 0 0 26-01-12 1 PM 12:10 14:10 1 4 W 0 8 2 2 0 0 26-01-12 1 PM 12:10 14:10 2 4 W 2 8 2 2 0 0 26-01-12 1 PM 14:10 16:10 1 5 W 0 5 2 2 0 0 26-01-12 1 PM 14:10 16:10 2 5 W 0 7 2 2 0 0 26-01-12 2 AH 12:10 14:10 1 6 SW 0 7 1 2 0 0 26-01-12 2 AH 12:10 14:10 2 6 SW 2 7 1 2 0 0 26-01-12 2 AH 14:10 16:10 1 7 SW 0 5 1 2 0 0 26-01-12 2 AH 14:10 16:10 2 6 SW 2 6 1 2 0 0 02-02-12 1 AH 09:30 12:30 1 2 E 0 5 2 2 0 1 02-02-12 1 AH 09:30 12:30 2 2 E 0 4 2 2 0 1 02-02-12 1 AH 09:30 12:30 3 3 ESE 0 6 2 2 0 1 02-02-12 1 AH 12:30 14:30 1 4 ESE 0 6 2 2 0 1 02-02-12 1 AH 12:30 14:30 2 3 ESE 0 7 2 2 0 1 02-02-12 2 PM 09:30 12:30 1 1 E 0 1 2 2 2 2 02-02-12 2 PM 09:30 12:30 2 2 E 0 2 2 2 2 2 02-02-12 2 PM 09:30 12:30 3 2 E 0 8 2 2 2 2 02-02-12 2 PM 12:30 14:30 1 3 E 0 4 2 2 2 2 02-02-12 2 PM 12:30 14:30 2 3 E 0 7 2 2 2 2 21-02-12 1 DW 10:45 13:45 1 5 SW 1 8 0 0 0 0 21-02-12 1 DW 10:45 13:45 2 5 SW 0 8 0 0 0 0 21-02-12 1 DW 10:45 13:45 3 6 SW 0 8 1 2 0 0 21-02-12 1 DW 13:45 16:45 1 5 SW 0 7 2 2 0 0 21-02-12 1 DW 13:45 16:45 2 5 SW 0 8 2 2 0 0 21-02-12 1 DW 13:45 16:45 3 5 SW 0 8 2 2 0 0 21-02-12 2 AH 10:45 13:45 1 6 SW 1 8 0 0 0 0 21-02-12 2 AH 10:45 13:45 2 5 SW 1 8 0 0 0 0 21-02-12 2 AH 10:45 13:45 3 5 SW 0 7 1 2 0 0 21-02-12 2 AH 13:45 16:45 1 4 WSW 0 6 1 2 0 0 21-02-12 2 AH 13:45 16:45 2 4 WSW 0 7 1 2 0 0 21-02-12 2 AH 13:45 16:45 3 6 WSW 0 7 1 2 0 0

Notes: Visibility: 0 = Poor (<1 km); 1 = Moderate (1-2 km); 2 = Good (>2 km) Wind direction: according to 16-point compass (- indicates there was no wind) Wind strength: according to Beaufort Scale Cloud cover: in eighths of sky (oktas) Cloud height: 0 = <150 m; 1 = 150-500 m; 2 = >500 m Rain: 0 = None; 1 = Drizzle/Mist; 2 = Light showers; 3 = Heavy showers; 4 = Heavy rain Frost: 0 = None; 1 = Ground frost; 2 = All day frost Snow: 0 = None; 1 = On site; 2 = On high ground



Observers: Andy Hirst (AH), Tim Jones (TJ), Oliver Metcalf (OM), Pete Middleton (PM), Russell Slack (RSS), Ross Stephens (RS), Garry Taylor (GT) and Dave Waudby (DW).

Table B.2 Weather conditions during breeding bird surveys

Dat

e

Ob

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Su

rvey

ti

mes

Vis

ibili

ty

Win

d D

irec

tion

Win

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12-04-11 AH, PM, RS, DW 07:00-13:00 2 W 4-6 2-7 2 0-2 0 0

29-04-11 PM, RSS, RS, DW 06:30-12:50 2 NE 3-6 5-8 2 0 0 0

06-05-11 AH, RSS, RS, DW 06:30-13:00 1-2 SE 2-5 5-8 1-2 1-3 0 0

20-05-11 AH, PM, RSS, DW 05:45-11:40 2 SW 2-5 4-8 2 0 0 0

17-06-11 OM, RSS, RS 04:30-11:45 2 SW 2-6 2-8 1-2 0 0 0

Notes: Visibility: 0 = Poor (<1 km); 1 = Moderate (1-2 km); 2 = Good (>2 km) (- indicates data not recorded) Wind direction: according to 16-point compass (- indicates there was no wind) Wind strength: according to Beaufort Scale Cloud cover: in eighths of sky (oktas) Cloud height: 0 = <150 m; 1 = 150-500 m; 2 = >500 m (- indicates data not recorded) Rain: 0 = None; 1 = Drizzle/Mist; 2 = Light showers; 3 = Heavy showers; 4 = Heavy rain Frost: 0 = None; 1 = Ground frost; 2 = All day frost Snow: 0 = None; 1 = On site; 2 = On high ground Weather conditions varied between different parts of the survey area due to the topography of the site; where appropriate weather conditions are presented as a range of values Observer: Andy Hirst (AH), Pete Middleton (PM), Russell Slack (RSS), Ross Stephens (RS) and Dave Waudby (DW).

Table B.3 Weather conditions during breeding raptor surveys

Dat

e

Obs

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rs

Surv

ey

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Vis

ibili

ty

Win

d D

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13-04-11 PM, RS 08:00-15:00 2 W 5 7-8 2 0-1 0 0 11-05-11 RS, DW 12:00-18:00 2 SW 3-4 5-8 1-2 0-2 0 0 21-06-11 OM, PM 10:30-16:00 2 SW 4-6 5-7 2 1-3 0 0 20-07-11 OM, GT 10:00-15:00 2 W-NW 3-4 3-8 2 0-2 0 0 28-07-11 PM 15:00-19:00 2 NW 3 4-8 2 0 0 0

Notes: Visibility: 0 = Poor (<1 km); 1 = Moderate (1-2 km); 2 = Good (>2 km) (- indicates data not recorded) Wind direction: according to 16-point compass (- indicates data not recorded) Wind strength: according to Beaufort Scale (- indicates data not recorded) Cloud cover: in eighths of sky (oktas) Cloud height: 0 = <150 m; 1 = 150-500 m; 2 = >500 m Rain: 0 = None; 1 = Drizzle/Mist; 2 = Light showers; 3 = Heavy showers; 4 = Heavy rain Frost: 0 = None; 1 = Ground frost; 2 = All day frost Snow: 0 = None; 1 = On site; 2 = On high ground Weather conditions varied between different parts of the survey area due to the topography of the site; where appropriate weather conditions are presented as a range of values Observer: Dave Waudby (DW),Garry Taylor (GT), Oliver Metcalf (OM), Pete Middleton (PM) and Ross Stephens (RS).



Table B.4 Weather conditions during breeding ow l surveys D

ate

Ob

serv

ers

Surv

ey

tim

es

Vis

ibili

ty

Win

d D

irec

tion

Win

d S

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10-05-11 RS, DW 18:00-21:00 2 SSW 2-3 6-7 2 0 0 0 09-06-11 OM/RSS 19:20-22:30 2 SW 2 0-4 2 0 0 0 05-07-11 OM, AH 20:15-00:45 0-2 SW 0-2 6-8 0-2 0-4 0 0

Notes: Visibility: 0 = Poor (<1 km); 1 = Moderate (1-2 km); 2 = Good (>2 km) (- indicates data not recorded) Wind direction: according to 16-point compass (- indicates data not recorded) Wind strength: according to Beaufort Scale (- indicates data not recorded) Cloud cover: in eighths of sky (oktas) Cloud height: 0 = <150 m; 1 = 150-500 m; 2 = >500 m Rain: 0 = None; 1 = Drizzle/Mist; 2 = Light showers; 3 = Heavy showers; 4 = Heavy rain Frost: 0 = None; 1 = Ground frost; 2 = All day frost Snow: 0 = None; 1 = On site; 2 = On high ground Weather conditions varied between different parts of the survey area due to the topography of the site; where appropriate weather conditions are presented as a range of values Observers: Andy Hirst (AH), Oliver Metcalf (OM), Ross Stephens (RS) and Russell Slack (RSS).

Table B.5 Weather conditions during w inter walkover surveys

Dat

e

Obs

erve

rs

Surv

ey

tim

es

Vis

ibili

ty

Win

d D

irec

tion

Win

d St

reng

th

Clo

ud C

over

Clo

ud

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t

Snow

08-09-11 OM, DW 07:15-11:15 0 SW-W 3-7 8 0 4 0 0 21-10-11 AH, OM 08:00-14:00 0-2 SW 2-4 5-8 0-2 0-1 0 0 08-11-11 OM, RSS 08:00-13:00 0-1 SE 3 8 0 1-4 0 0 21-12-11 AH, PM 08:00-13:30 0-1 SSW-W 2-6 8 0-1 1 0 0 10-01-12 OM, PM 09:00-13:15 0-2 NW 3-5 7-8 1-2 0-1 0 0 03-02-12 AH, PM 07:45-12:50 2 SW-W 0-1 0 - 0 1-2 2

Notes: Visibility: 0 = Poor (<1 km); 1 = Moderate (1-2 km); 2 = Good (>2 km) Wind direction: according to 16-point compass (- indicates there was no wind) Wind strength: according to Beaufort Scale Cloud cover: in eighths of sky (oktas) Cloud height: 0 = <150 m; 1 = 150-500 m; 2 = >500 m Rain: 0 = None; 1 = Drizzle/Mist; 2 = Light showers; 3 = Heavy showers; 4 = Heavy rain Frost: 0 = None; 1 = Ground frost; 2 = All day frost Snow: 0 = None; 1 = On site; 2 = On high ground Weather conditions varied between different parts of the survey area due to the topography of the site; where appropriate weather conditions are presented as a range of values Observer: Andy Hirst, (AH), Dave Waudby (DW), Oliver Metcalf (OM), Pete Middleton (PM), and Russell Slack (RSS).



Table B.6 Weather conditions during Nocturnal Golden Plover surveys

Notes: Visibility: 0 = Poor (<1 km); 1 = Moderate (1-2 km); 2 = Good (>2 km) Wind direction: according to 16-point compass (- indicates there was no wind) Wind strength: according to Beaufort Scale Cloud cover: in eighths of sky (oktas) Cloud height: 0 = <150 m; 1 = 150-500 m; 2 = >500 m Rain: 0 = None; 1 = Drizzle/Mist; 2 = Light showers; 3 = Heavy showers; 4 = Heavy rain Frost: 0 = None; 1 = Ground frost; 2 = All day frost Snow: 0 = None; 1 = On site; 2 = On high ground Weather conditions varied between different parts of the survey area due to the topography of the site; where appropriate weather conditions are presented as a range of values Observer: Tim Jones (TJ), Oliver Metcalf (OM), Pete Middleton (PM), Russell Slack (RSS) and Garry Taylor (GT).

Dat

e

Ob

serv

ers

Su

rvey

ti

mes

Vis

ibili

ty

Win

d D

irec

tion

Win

d S

tren

gth

Clo

ud

Cov

er

Clo

ud

Hei

ght

Rai

n

Fros

t

Sn

ow

28-07-11 OM, PM 22:00-23:30 2 E 3 8 2 0 0 0 17-08-11 OM, PM 23:00-01:30 2 NW 2 6 2 0 0 0 22-09-11 TJ, RSS 19:30-23:00 2 SW 3-4 8 2 0 0 0 25-10-11 OM, GT 19:35-21:30 2 SE 1 5-6 2 0 0 0

TECHNICAL APPENDIX A7.1: ORNITHOLOGY TECHNICAL REPORT › planx_downloads › A7.1... · There is one SPA within 20 km of the core survey area boundary: South Pennine Moors SPA. The

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