Team Alberta 2017 Farmer Survey Results 1 Final Report December 18, 2017
TeamAlberta2017 FarmerSurveyResults
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FinalReportDecember18,2017
TableofContentsExecutiveSummary 3ObservationsandSuggestions 15IntroductionandResearchMethodology 20RespondentProfile 26AwarenessofandExperiencewithCarbonOffsetPrograms 37AwarenessofandExperiencewithGrowingForward2ProgramsRelatedtoEnvironmental Sustainability
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IncentiveStructure 80ChangesPlannedonFarmRelatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability 86BarrierstoAdoptingEnvironmentallySustainablePractices 96ProgramDesignInput 112AppendixA– VerbatimComments 116
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ExecutiveSummary
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ExecutiveSummaryIntroduction
ThisreportpresentstheresultsofaquantitativesurveyofAlbertagrowers,conductedonbehalfofTeamAlbertainOctoberandNovember2017.Thesurveyprovidesmeasurementandinputregardingtwokeytopicareas:AgriculturalCarbonOffsetprotocolsandtheNextAgriculturalPolicyFramework(NPF),andgathersinputonenvironmentallysustainablepracticesandtechnologiesthatgrowersareinterestedinadoptingorfurtherimplementing.
TheresultswillbeusedbyTeamAlbertatoprovideinputintoandadvocateforprogrammingchangesthatareinlinewithproducerpreferencesandpriorities.Further,theresultswillbeusedasTeamAlbertaconsiderswhatextensionoreducationisneededtosupportgrowersastheyadoptenvironmentallysustainablepracticesandapplyforrelatedfundingprograms.
Themethodologywasanonlinesurvey(telephonerecruittoweb),withafinalsamplesizeof339
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ExecutiveSummaryCarbonOffsetPrograms
Justoverone-thirdofAlbertagrowershaveparticipatedintheConservationCroppingProtocol.Larger-acreagegrowersaremorelikelytobeusersofthisprogramwithalmosthalfofthosewith5000ormoreacresindicatingthattheyhaveusedit.WealsoseehigherusageinnorthernAlbertaandamongthoseaged65yearsorover.
Amongusersofthisprogram,overallsatisfactionappearsmoderate,withaboutthree-quartersbeingsatisfied(mostly“somewhat”satisfied).Afurther22%aredissatisfied,overall.Therearelowerlevelsofsatisfactionwhenitcomestospecificaspectsincludingeaseofparticipating(30%aredissatisfied),adequatecompensationfortimespent(45%dissatisfied),andoverallimpactonthefarm(33%dissatisfied).WhenaskedhowtheConservationCroppingprogramcouldbeimproved,threetypesofsuggestionstopthelist.First,participantsindicatethattheprogramneedsbettercompensation,feelingthatthecompensationreceivedisnotworththetimeandeffortrequired.Arelatedcategoryofneededimprovementsistosimplifytheprogramformsandpaperwork,asrespondentsfeelthepaperworkisonerous.Thethirdmostcommonthemeisthattheprogramshouldincludeawiderrangeofpractices.
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ExecutiveSummaryForthosewhodonotparticipateintheConservationCroppingprogram,themainbarriersare:• Feelingthatthepaperworkistooonerousforthevaluereceived.• Practicesandequipmentdon’tfittheprogram;relatedly,somefarmingpracticesareexcluded.• Lackoffamiliarityandunderstandingoftheprogram.• Theneedtoobtainlandlordapprovals.• Notagreeingwiththepremiseofcarboncredits.• Feelingthattheaggregatorsaretakingtoolargeaportionofthecarboncredits.• Feelingthattheprogramistoocomplicated.
Notunexpectedly,awarenessofNERPisfairlylow,withalmosttwo-thirdshavingneverheardofitand22%justhavingheardthename.However,aboutthree-quartersindicateinterestinthisprogramonceitislaunched.
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ExecutiveSummaryGrowingForward2
Aboutone-quarterofgrowershaveparticipatedinanyGrowingForward2(GF2)program.AbouthalfknowalittleoralotaboutGF2,andaboutonequarterhaveneverheardofitoronlyheardthename.
RespondentsweregivenadescriptionoffiveGF2programs(relatedtosustainability),andaskedabouttheirawarenessanduseoftheseprograms.Theprogramsexploredinclude:On-FarmWaterManagement,On-FarmStewardship,On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics,On-FarmEnergyManagement,andIrrigationEfficiency.
Participationintheseprogramsrangesfrom4%to14%.One-quarterofthesamplehasparticipatedinatleastoneofthesefiveprograms.Utilizationoftheseprogramsisnotablyhigheramonggrowerswith$2millionormoreingrossfarmsales.Outsideofprogramparticipants,awarenessoftheseprogramsvaries.ForOn-FarmWaterManagementandOn-FarmStewardshipprograms,aboutone-thirdofproducershaveneverheardoftheseoronlyknowthename.ForOn-FarmSolarPhotovoltaicsandOn-FarmEnergyManagementprograms,theportionwhoareunawareoronlyknowthenamerisestotwo-thirds.TheIrrigationEfficiencyprogramappearswellknownamongthosewithirrigation.
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ExecutiveSummaryParticipantsineachGF2programwereaskedtorateseveralaspectsoftheprogramtheywerein.Followingaresomesummarycommentsaboutthegeneraltrends.Notethatbecauseofthesmallnumberofcases(participantsineachprogram),theseconclusionsaredirectionalversusstatisticallysignificant.• SatisfactionishighestfortheIrrigationEfficiencyprogram.Thisappearsdrivenbystrongerratingsof
applicationprocessingtime,overallimpactonthefarm,easeofparticipatingandeligibilityrequirements.
• TheOn-FarmStewardshipprogramalsohasrelativelyhigherpositiveratings,andfewerparticipantsgivenegativeratings.
• Theattributesgarneringthelowestrelativeratingsacrossallprogramsareapplicationprocessingtime,cost-sharingallocation,andeaseofparticipating.Note,however,thatforallattributesandprograms,positiveratingssignificantlyoutnumberlowratings.
• Theattributeswiththemostpositiveratingsareoverallsatisfactionandimpactonthefarm.
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ExecutiveSummaryParticipantswereaskediftheyhaveanysuggestionsforimprovementofGF2.Themostcommonthemeistosimplifytheprocess– less“redtape”andpaperwork.Secondmostcommonly,respondentssuggestspeedinguptheprocessingtime.
ForthosewhoknowaboutbutdidnotparticipateinGF2programs,themainreasonsfornotparticipatingvarybyprogram,butthemostcommonreasonsincludelackofrelevancetotheirfarm,lackoffamiliaritywiththeprogram,theprojectstillbeingtooexpensiveevenwithfundingassistance,notbeingabletogetapprovalretroactively,theprogramranoutofmoney,andtheapplicationprocessistoocomplicated.
IncentiveStructure
OverhalfofrespondentsagreethattheincentivestructureofGF2programsworkswelltoencourageinvestmentininnovative,energyefficient,orsustainabletechnologiesandpractices.Only1in10feelitdoesnot,whileone-thirdarenotsure.
Thelargestportionofgrowersthinkthatcostsharingisthebestformatforincentives,with6in10choosingthisasthetopranked-option.Rebatesarenextinorderofpreference(one-quarterrankthisastop),followedbytaxincentives(20%rankastop).
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ExecutiveSummaryWhenaskedforsuggestionsforimprovementspecificallyrelatedtotheincentivestructure,thelargestgroupofresponsesfallunderthethemethattheprogramsshouldcovermoreofthecostsorhavemorerealisticcaps.Asecondthemeisthatthereshouldbemoreinformationandadvice.Thirdly,somerespondentsfeelthattheprocessneedstobemadesimpler,withless“redtape”involved.Respondentsalsowouldliketoseemoremoneyintheprogramssotheydonotrunoutasquickly,orfundsallocatedbetterbetweenprogramssothatthemorepopularprogramshavegreaterfundingallocation.Somealsonotethattheprogramsseemtobemoreaccessibletolargerproducersandthosewithmoreexpendable/availablefunds,andwouldlikemoreaccessibilityforothers.
Atvariousotherplacesinthesurvey,growerswereaskedwhattypeofsupporttheywouldprefertoencouragethemtoadoptenvironmentallysustainablepractices.Thesefindingsshowthatfundingisthepreferredformofsupport,thoughthereisalsostronginterestininformation,supportandadvice,aswellasappliedon-farmresearchdemonstrations.
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ExecutiveSummaryChangesPlannedonFarmRelatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability
Anopen-endedquestionrevealedthatgrowerswouldliketoadoptawiderangepracticesthattheyconsidertobegoodcandidatesforfundingprogramsthatencourageenvironmentalsustainability.Itisnotablethatthesechangesspanawiderangeofpractices,andnoonetypeofchangehavingmorethan9%unaidedmention,andmosthavingintherangeof2%to6%.Thosewithmorethan5%unaidedmentionsincluded:sectionalcontrols/autosteer/GPS-related;improvedfertilizertechnologies/practices/equipment;variablerateapplicationoffertilizer;andbetteron-farmenergymanagement.
Respondentsweregivenalistofenvironmentallysustainablebestpractices(aided)andaskedwhichtheywouldliketoadoptorfurtherimplementontheirfarm,iftherewerenobarrierstodoingso.Respondentscouldselectasmanyitemsastheyareinterestedin.Themostcommontypesofchangesthatgrowersareinterestedin,withover50%selectingthem,include:improvedfertilizertechnologies,practices,equipment;betteruseofGPSdatasuchasyield,soil,as-applied,topography(datamanagement,use,analysis,storage);andimprovedpesticidetechnologies,practices,equipment.Othercommonareasofinterestareon-farmsolarpower,variablerateapplicationoffertilizer,increasedplantingofnitrogenfixingcrops,betteron-farmenergymanagementandimprovedwastemanagement.
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ExecutiveSummaryWhenaskedtoselecttheirgreatestpriorityorinterest,thetopitemsinclude:improvedfertilizertechnologies/practices/equipment,solarpower,GPSdatause,andimprovedpesticidetechnologies/practices/equipment.
Whenaskedtoindicatethemainbarrierstoadoptingthoseitemsthattheyselectedintheaidedquestion,followingaresomeofthemainthemes(note,thesebarrierswereselectedfromagivenlist).• Costoreconomicconsiderationsarethemostfrequentbarrierforeverypractice.• Theleastseverebarrier,isrelatedtolandownershiporlandlordconsiderations.Theonlypracticewhere
thisisseentobemuchofabarrierisconversionofmarginallandfromannualcropstogroundcover.• Threepracticeshaveconsistentlyhigherportionsofgrowersidentifyingcost,uncertainROI,and
complexityaskeybarriers.Theseinclude:on-farmsolarpower,betteruseofGPSdataandon-farmenergymanagement.Thefirsttwoarealsohigh-interestchangesforaconsiderableportionofgrowers.
• Thepracticeswiththelowestlevelofbarriersinclude:increasedplantingofnitrogenfixingcrops,lesstillage/moredirectseeding,andimprovedwastemanagement.
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ExecutiveSummaryProgramDesignConsiderations
Respondentsvalidatedtheimportanceofseveralprogramdesignattributesthathadbeenpreviouslyidentified(qualitatively).Forallofthedesignattributes,abouthalfconsiderthemtobeveryimportant,andmostoftherestconsiderthemsomewhatimportant.Theattributesaddressedincluded:applicationprocessingtime,abilitytofindoutapplicationprogress,takingawholefarmapproachtoavoidfarmshavingtoworkbetweenmultipleprograms,flexibilityindesigntoaccommodateinnovativeideas,andretroactiveapprovals.Applicationprocessingtimeistheonlyattributethatstoodoutwithanevenhigherportionofgrowersratingthisveryimportant.
PrecisionFarmingRespondentswereaskedabouttheiruseofthreeprecisionfarmingpractices.Currently,35%doyieldmapping,22%dovariableratefertilizerapplication,and6%usesensorsonequipmenttoapplycropinputsmoreaccurately(suchasGreenSeeker).Overallalmosthalfofthesample(44%)indicatethatadoptionofprecisionfarmingpracticesisofmediumpriorityforthemoverthenextfiveyears,whileabout1in10indicatethatprecisionfarmingisahighpriority.Aboutone-thirdconsiderittobelowpriority.
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ExecutiveSummaryTillagePractices
Thereisaslighttrendtowardsmorezero-tillfarming.Currently,18%ofrespondentssaytheyhavenoacresontheirfarmthatarezero-till.Inthreeyears,thatfiguredropsto13%.Further,theaverageportionofzero-tillacreshasrisenfrom73%threeyearsagotoacurrentlevelof75%,andgrowersexpectthistoriseto79%threeyearsfromnow.
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ObservationsandSuggestions
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ObservationsandSuggestionsWeofferthefollowingobservationsandsuggestionsbasedonthesurveyfindings.
• WithrespecttotheConservationCroppingprogram,growerswouldliketoseehighercompensationfortimespent,combinedwith(orresultingfrom)thirdpartyaggregatorstakingasmallercut.Somealsocallforasimplerapplicationprocessthatismoreaccessibletoallowproducerstoapplyontheirown(werecognizethatthismaynotbefeasible,andisthereasonaggregatorsexist).
• AparticularissuethatgrowershavewiththeConservationCroppingprogramisthatitasksforthesameinformationeveryyear– ifnothingchanges,growerswouldliketonothavetore-submitthesameinformationyearafteryear.
• SomefocuscouldbeputonpromotionoftheConservationCroppingprogramtosegmentsthatuseitless– smalltomid-sizedfarms,youngerproducers,andthoseinsouthandcentralregionsoftheprovince.
• Generally,theGF2programshavebeenusedmorebylargerproducers.ForCAP,perhapsconsiderationcouldbegiventohavingsomequotasonawardingfundingbyfarmsizeorgrossrevenuecategory.
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ObservationsandSuggestions• Forfutureprograms,growersarelookingforareasonablelevelofcostsharingallocationandappropriate
caps.Whenweconsiderthescopeandcomplexityofchangesthatsomewanttomake,thisisunderstandable.AbarrierformanyintheGF2programwasthatevenwithfunding,thechangestheywantedtoundertakewerestillnoteconomicallyfeasible.
• Someofchangesgrowerswanttomakehavesignificantbarriersintermsofcost,uncertainROIandcomplexity.Inparticular,solarpowerandmakingbetteruseofGPSdataareofhighinterestbutareseentohavethesesignificantbarriers.Fundingmayhelpgrowerstakeaction,butthereisalsoahighneedforinformationandassistanceinadoptingthese(andother)practices.
• Theissueoftiming,andabilitytogetprojectsthathadalreadystartedapprovedretroactivelydoesappeartohavebeenanissueforsome– thisstoodoutmoreintheOn-farmStewardshipandOn-FarmWaterManagementprograms.
• Fundingisthemostpreferredtypeofsupport,thoughinformation,assistanceandadviceandon-farmdemonstrationsarealsoofinterest.Asfarashowthefinancialassistanceisdelivered,costsharingisseenaseffectiveandisgenerallypreferredovertaxincentivesorrebates.
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ObservationsandSuggestions• Withmanyperceivingtheapplicationprocesstobecomplicatedandalotofwork,perhapsthereis
potentialtoofferassistancewiththeapplicationprocess.Thismayalreadybeavailable,butitappearsthereisroomformoreawarenessoraccessiblehelp,sincesomanybringitup.
• Wealsoseeagenerallackofawarenessofsomeoftheprograms,aswellasrespondentscitinglackoffamiliarityorinformationasareasonfornotparticipating.Communicationscouldbereviewed,toensurethatappropriatemessagingisbeingconveyedeffectivelyandthroughappropriatechannels.Itisnotablethatthereisreasonablyhighinterestamongthoseunawareorunfamiliar,inknowingmoreabouttheseprograms(CAP,ConservationCropping,andNERPwhenitislaunched).
• Thoughthereishighinterestinsome“bigticket”typepractices,therearealsosomepracticesthatarelativelyhighportionareinterestedin,wherecostisnotasgreatabarrier(e.g.wastemanagement,conversionofmarginalland,increasedplantingofnitrogenfixingcrops).
• Relatedtoadoptionofenvironmentallysustainablepractices,thissurveyhasshownsomeparticularareasofinterestamongproducers,whichperhapswillbeusefulinputastowherefundingisallocated.
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ObservationsandSuggestions• Withimprovedfertilizertechnologies/practices/equipmentbeingthetop-ratedtypeofchangegrowers
areinterestedin,therecouldbeincreasedemphasisonthisinfundingallocationandonrelatedextensionactivities.
• Givenvariousfindingsofthisresearch– growerswantingtomakebetteruseoftheirGPSdata,planningtoadoptfertilizertechnologyandequipment,andinterestinadoptingvariablerateapplication,thiswouldsupportsomeattentiontoprogramsthatsupportgrowersintheiradoptionofprecisionfarmingpractices.
• Respondentsendorsedtheimportanceofseveraldesignconsiderations.Mostimportantiseaseofapplicationandspeedofprocessingtheapplication.However,alltheotherdesignconsiderationstestedwerealsoofkeyimportance,suchasprogramflexibilityandconsiderationofprojectsthatareoutsidetheprogramboxes,abilitytoobtainretroactiveapproval,andsmoothingtheprocessforgrowerswithlargeprojectsthat“ticktheboxes”ofmorethanoneprogram.
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ObservationsandSuggestions• Relatedtorespondents’concernsabouttheprogramsrunningoutoffunding,thismayberelatedto
awareness(theyfindoutaboutaprogramtoolate),orperhapscouldalsoreflectapotentialimprovementofstagingtheavailabilityoffundingovertheyearstheprogramisineffect(perhapsthisisalreadydone).ConsiderationshouldalsobegiventocontinuingprogramsunderCAPthatwereover-subscribedinGF2.
• Ifnotalreadyinplace,perhapstherecouldbeaconcisepre-approvalprocesstohelpapplicantsdeterminetheextenttowhichtheirprojectqualifiesandwhetheritisworththetimeandefforttogothroughthefullapplicationprocess.
• ItisrecommendedthatTeamAlbertareviewalltheverbatimcomments(providedinanappendix).Whilethesearecategorizedandsummarizedinthereport,areviewofallthecomments,particularlythesuggestionsforimprovement,wouldaddincreaseddepthofunderstanding.
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IntroductionandResearchMethodology
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IntroductionThisreportpresentstheresultsofaquantitativesurveyofAlbertagrowers,conductedonbehalfofTeamAlbertainOctoberandNovember2017.Thesurveyprovidesmeasurementandinputregardingtwokeytopicareas:AgriculturalCarbonOffsetprotocolsandtheNextAgriculturalPolicyFramework(NPF),andgathersinputonenvironmentallysustainablepracticesandtechnologiesthatgrowersareinterestedinadoptingorfurtherimplementing.
TheresultswillbeusedbyTeamAlbertatoprovideinputintoandadvocateforprogrammingchangesthatareinlinewithproducerpreferencesandpriorities.Further,theresultswillbeusedasTeamAlbertaconsiderswhatextensionoreducationisneededtosupportgrowersastheyadoptenvironmentallysustainablepracticesandapplyforfundingprograms.Themethodologywasanonlinesurvey(telephonerecruittoweb),withafinalsamplesizeof339.
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ResearchObjectives• ForcarbonoffsetprogramandGF2(aspectsrelatedtoenvironmentalsustainability),assessawareness&
familiaritywiththeseprograms,participationrates,inputfromgrowerswhohavedirectexperience,barrierstoparticipation,participants’recommendationsforimprovement,etc.
• Obtaingrowerperspectivesonincentivemechanisms• Assessgrowers’interestinmakingchangesontheiroperationsandadoptingpracticesortechnologies
relatedtoenvironmentalsustainabilityandclimatechanges,andbarrierstomakingthesechanges.
• Obtainideasregardingwhatisneededforfutureprogrammingtoassistgrowers(andtheprovince)inachievinggoalsforenvironmentalsustainabilityandclimatechange.
• Obtainprofilinginformationonextentofadoptionofprecisionfarmingpractices,zero-till,developmentofplans(certificationetc.)relatedtoenvironmentalsustainability.
• Basedontheabove,assesswhattypeofextensionandeducationmaybeneededtoovercomebarriers,encourageparticipationintheprogramsandultimatelyadoptionofbestpracticesandclimate-smarttechnology.
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MethodologyThefarmerquantitativesurveywasconductedviaarecruit-to-webmethodology,usingarandomfarmerlist.Growerswerefirstcontactedbyphoneandaskedafewshortscreeningquestions,andthensentalinktoanonlinesurvey.Thescreeningquestionsensuredthat:
• Respondentsareoneofthemaindecisionmakersontheirfarmoperation• Theydon’tplantoretireorgetoutoffarminginthenextfiveyears• Theiroperationderivesatleasthalfitsrevenuefromacropoperation• Theyhaveatleast640acresundercropinatypicalyear• Mustgrowatleastoneofwheat,canola,barleyorpulsecrops
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MethodologyDatacollectionoccurredbetweenOctober24andNovember27.Anincentiveof$10wasoffered,andthiswasraisedto$15duringthelastweek,inordertomovemorequicklytowardsthetargetedsamplesize.
Comparedtoothersurveys,thisonehadasomewhatlowerlevelofengagement(evidencedbyalowerthannormalresponserateandasomewhathigherlevelofdrop-off).Possibly,thesubjectmatterisnotofhighinteresttosome.Further,basedonsomeopen-endedcommentsinthesurvey,thereisasegmentoffarmerswhodisagreewithgovernmentprogramsingeneral,soitmaybethattheserespondentsstartedthesurveybutdecidedtheydidnotwanttospendthetimetoprovidedetailedinput.
Thefinalsamplesizewas339.Asampleofthissizeprovidesamaximummarginoferrorof+/- 5.3%atthe95%confidencelevel.ThesurveytargetedarepresentativedistributionbasedonfarmercountsbyCensusAgriculturalRegion.Theanalysislookedforstatisticaldifferencesbyageandfarmsizeandregion(North,CentralandSouth)atthe90%and95%confidencelevels.Wherenotableandmeaningful,thesearedescribedinthereport.
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RespondentProfile
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RespondentProfile
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16%
55%
17%12%
<1000 1000-2999
3000-4999
5000+
CroppedAcres
9%
22% 23% 21%
9%16%
Under$250K
$250K-$499K
$500K-$999K
$1M-$1.9M
$2M+ Prefernottoanswer
GrossFarmReceipts
Averageacres:2676
RespondentProfile
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6%13%
27%
39%
15%
<35 35- 44 45- 54 55- 64 65+
Age
34%41%
25%
SouthernAB CentralAB NorthernAB
Region
69%
31%
Cropsonly
Mixedcropsandlivestock
FarmType
9%
91%
Yes
No
AcresunderIrrigation
CropsGrown
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Percentwhogrow
Averageacres
Canola 96% 1026
Wheat(any) 94% 1039
Barley 56% 507
Pulsecrops- any 49% 636
Peas 47% 557
Lentils 5% 822
Drybeans 1% 326
Faba beans 2% 165
CompletionoforPlanstoCompletePlansRelatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability
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Asseenonthefollowingslide,almost7in10respondentshaveanEnvironmentalFarmPlan(EFP),whileanother16%plantodeveloponewithinthenextfiveyears.
Othertypesofsustainabilityplansarelesscommon– 4%havea4Rnutrientstewardshipplanand7%haveaLongTermWaterManagement(LTWM)plan.Howeverifintentionspanout,thiscouldriseto26%havinga4Rplanand21%havingaLTWMplaninthenextfiveyears.
SegmentDifferences:
• TheportionwhohaveanEFPrisesasincomerises– from53%whogrossunder$250,000to90%ofthosewithover$2millionrevenue.
• Thosewithunder1000croppedacresarelesslikelytohaveanyoftheseplans,with43%nothavingany.However,theyaremorelikelythanaveragetoplantodevelopanEFPinthenextfiveyears.
• ThosewithmixedfarmsaremorelikelytohaveaLTWMplan,andmorelikelytoplantodeveloponeinthenextfiveyears.
• ThoseinNorthernAlbertaaremorelikelytohavecompleteda4Rplan,with10%havingdoneso,versus3%inotherregions.
CompletionoforPlanstoCompletePlansRelatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability
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4%
68%
7%
31%
22%
16%
14%
4%
44%
4RNutrientStewardshipPlan
AlbertaEnvironmentalFarmPlan
LongTermWaterManagementPlan
Anyothersustainabilitycertificationplans
Noneoftheabove
Havecompleted
Plantocompleteinnextfiveyears
Haveyoucompletedanyofthefollowing?Ifnot,doyouplantodevelopthemwithinthenextfiveyears?
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
Othersustainabilitycertificationplansinclude:AlbertaPesticideApplicatorLicense;BattleRiverWatershedAlliance,CowsandFishes;Carboncredits;CertifiednutrientdensefoodprogramwithRogersFoods;NRCBapprovalforfeedlot;VerifiedBeefProduction;fuelstorage;andorganiccertification.
Familiaritywith4RNutrientStewardship
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4%
12%
28%
27%
28%
Alreadycompleteda4Rplan
Veryfamiliar
Somewhatfamiliar
Onlyheardthename
Neverheardofit
Whichofthefollowingbestdescribeshowfamiliaryouarewiththeconceptof4Rnutrientstewardship(rightfertilizer
source,rightrate,righttime,rightplace)?
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
Morethanhalfofrespondentshaveneverheardof4Rnutrientstewardship,orhaveonlyheardthename.About3in10aresomewhatfamiliarwiththe4Rconcept,while12%areveryfamiliarwithitand4%havea4Rplan.SegmentDifferences• Thoseunderage45andthosewith$2M+
grosssalesaremorefamiliarwiththe4Rconcept(21%and33%,respectively).
• Thosewithunder1000croppedacresaremorelikelytohaveneverheardofthe4Rconcept.
AdoptionofSelectedPrecisionFarmingPractices
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Aboutone-thirdofrespondents(35%)doyieldmapping,and22%usevariableratefertilizerapplication.Just6%usesensorssuchasGreenSeeker.Fourintenuseatleastoneofthesepractices.
SegmentDifferences:
• VRfertilizerapplicationandyieldmappingaremorecommonamongthoseunderage45,thosewith3000+croppedacres,anduseincreasesasgrosssalesincrease.
• Theonlydetectablesegmentdifferenceforuseofsensorsisamongthosewith$2Mormoreingrosssales(17%usethistechnologyversusthe6%average).
Thelargestportionofgrowers,(44%)consideradoptionorfurtherimplementationofprecisionfarmingpracticesofmediumpriority.Justoverone-thirdconsideritlowpriority.Aboutoneinten(12%),considerprecisionfarmingtobeofhighpriority.Segmentdifferencesinclude:
• MorecentralAlbertafarmersplaceahighpriorityonprecisionfarming(18%vs.6%- 9%inotherregions).
• Thoseinthe3000- 4999acrecategoryarealsomorelikelytoplaceahighpriorityonprecisionfarming,asarethoseinthe$2M+revenuecategory.
12%
44%
35%
9%
High
Medium
Low
Notsure
AdoptionofSelectedPrecisionFarmingPractices
34Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
Doyouconsideradoptionorfurtherimplementationofprecisionfarmingpractices(suchasthoseaboveoranyothers)tobeofhigh,medium,orlowpriority,inlightof
allyourfarmprioritiesinthenextfiveyears?22%
6%
35%
41%
Variableratefertilizerapplication
Sensorsonequipment(suchasGreenSeeker)
Yieldmapping
Atleastoneoftheabove
Doyoucurrentlydoanyofthefollowingonyourfarm?(PortionsayingYes)
TrendinNo-Till
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Whatpercentageofyourcroppedacresareno-till /zero-till?
3yearsago Currently
3yearsfromnow
Noacresarezero-till 19% 18% 13%Someofacresarezero-till(10%- 89%) 15% 16% 19%Vast majorityorallarezero-till(90%+) 66% 66% 68%
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
73%75%
79%
72%
77%
82%
3yearsago Currently 3yearsfromnow
Averageportionofacresthatarezero-till
Thereisaslighttrendtowardsmorezero-tillfarming.Currently,18%ofrespondentssaytheyhavenoacresontheirfarmthatarezero-till.Inthreeyears,thatfiguredropsto13%.Further,theaverageportionofzero-tillacreshasrisenfrom73%threeyearsagotoacurrentlevelof75%,andgrowersexpectthistoriseto79%threeyearsfromnow.
TrendinNo-Till– ByFarmSizeandAge
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Averagepercentagezero-till
3yearsago Currently
3yearsfromnow
< 1000acres 55% 57% 68%1000 - 2999 74% 76% 79%3000- 4999 87% 86% 86%5000+ 78% 81% 78%
<45 74% 77% 80%46- 64 70% 73% 76%65+ 86% 85% 91%
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
• Growerswith<1000acresarelesslikelythanotherstopracticezero-till.However,theiraveragezero-tillacreshavebeenrising,fromanaverageof55%oftheiracresthreeyearsagotoanexpected68%threeyearsfromnow.Anincreasingtrendisalsoseeninthe1000– 2999acrecategory.
• Thetrendinthe3000+categoriesisfairlyflat,thoughthesegrowersalreadyhaveahighportionofzero-tillrelativetotheloweracreagesegments.
• Growersaged65andoverhaveahigherportionofzero-tillacres.
• Theaverageportionofzero-tillacresshowsanincreasingtrendforallagecategories.
• Therearenonotabletrendsbyregion.
AwarenessofandExperiencewithCarbonOffsetPrograms
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Awareness– ConservationCropping/ConservationTillageProtocol
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RespondentswereaskedabouttheirawarenessanduseoftheAlbertaConservationCropping/ConservationTillageProtocol.
Overone-third(35%)haveparticipatedinthisprogram,whileanotherquarterknowatleastsomethingabouttheprogram.Thisleaves4in10whohaveeitherneverheardofit(21%)orhaveonlyheardthename(18%).
Thosewhohaveonlyheardthenameorneverheardofitweregivenabriefdescription,andaskedhowinterestedtheywouldbeinknowingmoreaboutthisprogram.Thereismoderateinterest,withoverhalf(54%)indicatingtheyaresomewhatinterestedandanother19%beingveryinterested.Lessthan20%arenotinterested,while10%arenotsure.
19%
54%
13%
4%
10%
Veryinterested
Somewhatinterested
Notveryinterested
Notatallinterested
Notsure
Awareness– ConservationCroppingProtocol
39Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
TheConservationCropping/ConservationTillageprogramgivesproducersfinancialcreditforadoptingorincreasingno-till.Howinterestedareyouinknowing
moreaboutthisprogram?21%
18%
24%
2%
35%
Neverheardofit
Onlyheardthename
Knowalittleaboutit
Knowalotaboutit
Haveparticipated/usedit
Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesyourpriorlevelofawareness,experienceorfamiliaritywiththeAlbertaConservationCropping/ConservationTillageProtocol?
Base:Thosewhohaveneverheardofprogram,oronlyheardthename(N=133)
SegmentDifferences– AwarenessandUseofConservationCroppingProtocol
40
AwarenessandusageoftheConservationCroppingprogramvariesbyagegroup.Thoseaged45andunderarethemostlylikelyagegrouptohaveneverheardoftheprogram.Asageincreases,awarenessincreases.Correspondingly,usageoftheprogramincreaseswithage.While31%ofthoseunderage45haveusedit,thisrisesto46%ofthoseaged65andover.Usageoftheprogramincreasesbytheamountofcroppedacres,from25%ofthosewithunder1000croppedacresusingit,toalmosthalf(48%)ofthosewith5000ormorecroppedacres.
Thereisalsoaregionaldifference,withahigherportionofthoseinnorthernAlbertausingtheprogram.Awarenessoftheprogramislowestinthesouth.
31%
20%15%
31%34%
46%
<45 45- 64 65+
Neverheardofit Haveusedit
SegmentDifferences– AwarenessandUseofConservationCroppingProtocol
41
ByAgeCategory
25%
34%40%
48%
<1000 1000- 29993000- 4999 5000+
Croppedacres– Percentwhohaveusedtheprogram
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
28%21%
13%
27%32%
52%
South Central North
Neverheardofit Haveusedit
ByRegion
ConservationCroppingProtocol– YearsInWhichGrowersParticipated
42
Between55%and60%ofprogramparticipantshaveparticipatedintheprograminanygivenyearfrom2012to2016.Thereappearsaslightdipin2017,with51%ofprogramparticipantsinvolvedthisyear.
Aboutone-thirdofprogramparticipantshaveonlybeeninvolvedinoneyear,aboutone-thirdhavebeeninvolvedfortwotosixyears,andone-thirdhavebeeninvolvedforsevenormoreyears.Segmentdifferences:
• ThoseinsouthernAlbertawerelesslikelytobeenrolledin2017.
• Smallerfarmersaremorelikelytohavebeenenrolledin2011orbefore,andlesslikelytobeenrolledin2017.
• Crop-onlyfarmersmorelikelytobecurrentlyparticipating.
33%
16%
17%
34%
1year
2- 4years
5- 6years
7ormore
ConservationCroppingProtocol– YearsInWhichGrowersParticipated
43Base:Thosewhohaveparticipatedintheprogram(N=120)
Numberofyearsparticipating(counting2011orbeforeasoneyear)
77%
55%
58%
57%
58%
56%
51%
2011orearlier
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
InwhichofthefollowingyearsdidyouparticipateintheConservationCropping/Tillageprogram?
ParticipantSatisfactionwithConservationCroppingProtocol
44
Overall,satisfactionappearsmoderate,with22%beingverysatisfiedoverall,and54%beingsomewhatsatisfied.Afurther22%arenotveryornotatallsatisfied.Satisfactionwithspecificaspectsisless,however.• Sixty-eightpercentaresatisfiedwiththeeaseofparticipating,while30%arenotsatisfied.• Fifty-threepercentaresatisfiedwithcompensationfortimespent,while45%arenotsatisfiedwiththis.• Fifty-ninepercentaresatisfiedwiththeoverallimpactontheirfarm,while33%arenot.Weseethesesegmentdifferences:• Thosewithcroponlyoperationsaremorelikelytobemoresatisfied,overall.• Thoseoverage65+lesssatisfiedwitheaseofparticipation(25%notatalland21%notvery).Theyare
alsolesssatisfiedwithcompensationfortimespent(29%arenotatallsatisfiedvs.avg.15%).• Thosewith$2Mormoreingrossreceiptsalsolesssatisfiedwithcompensationreceivedfortimespent
– 53%arenotverysatisfiedvs.the30%average.• Intermsofoverallimpactonthefarm,thoseagedunder45arelesssatisfied– 26%arenotatall
satisfiedvs.theaverageof10%.
ParticipantSatisfactionwithConservationCroppingProtocol
45
7%
12%
15%
10%
15%
18%
30%
23%
54%
50%
43%
46%
22%
18%
10%
13%
3%
2%
1%
7%
Overallsatisfaction
Easeofparticipating
Adequatecompensationforyourtimespent
Overallimpactonyourfarm
Notatallsatisfied Notverysatisfied Somewhatsatisfied Verysatisfied Notsure
Base:Thosewhohaveparticipatedintheprogram(N=120)
PleaserateyoursatisfactionwiththefollowingaspectsoftheConservationCropping/Tillageprogram.
ParticipantSuggestionsforImprovementinConservationCroppingProtocol
46
Participantswereaskedfortheirsuggestionsforimprovement.Thiswasanopenendedquestion,andtheverbatimresultswerereviewedandcodedintocategoriesseenonthefollowingslide.
Threetypesofsuggestionstoppedthelist.First,participantsfeltthattheprogramneedsbettercompensation,feelingthatthecompensationreceivedisnotworththetimeandeffortrequired.Arelatedcategoryofcommentswassecondmostcommon– thatthepaperworkisonerousandtheprogramformsandpaperworkneedtobesimplified.
Thethirdmostcommoncategoryofsuggestionwasthattheprogramshouldincludeawiderrangeofpractices.
Anothercommoncommentwasthataggregatorstaketoolargeacutand/orthatitshouldbemadesimplerforgrowerstoapplyontheirown.
Manyalsocommentedonthedifficultiesinvolvedinhavingtohavelandlordapprovals.
PleaseseetheopenendedverbatimresponsesinAppendixA.
ParticipantSuggestionsforImprovementinConservationCroppingProtocol
47
BasedonyourexperiencewiththeConservationCropping/Tillageprogram,whatsuggestionsdoyouhaveforimprovement?
Bettercompensation,doesn'treallypay,notworththeeffort,priceforcarbontoolow 21%
Onerouspaperwork,difficultforms,simplify 19%
Additionalinclusions,doesn'tcoveralltheneeds/practices 17%
Redundantinformationgatheringeachyear 14%Aggregatorsshouldtakelessofacut,aggregatorsinefficient,makeiteasierforgrowerstoapplythemselves
12%
Landlordagreementsareahurdle 11%
Workingwell,fineasitis 7%
Noteffective,wasteoftime,don’tagreewithcarboncredits 5%
Inawetyearmoretillageisrequired 4%
Other 13%
Base:Thosewhohaveparticipatedintheprogram,whohadanycomments(N=84).Percentagesaddtomorethan100asmultipleresponseswereallowed.
SampleComments– SuggestionsforImprovementofConservationCroppingProtocol
48
Forusasalargerfarmitbarelypays,forsmallfarmit’snotworththeeffortforfewbucks.
Programpaymentlevelbarelyworththeeffort.Doesn’trewardenoughtochangefarmingpracticestoreducetillage.
Makeverificationslessonerous;makenetreturnsworththetimeforapplication.
Streamlineprocess.Reduceredundantinformationgathering.
Shouldincludeallforagecropsandimprovedpasture.Shouldbeasimpleformulaforeachcroppingpracticeimplemented.Aggregatingonallrecordsthatneedtobesuppliedistimeconsumingandnotworththetrouble.
Toincludeturfandforageseedacresinprogram.
Whyaretherenocarboncreditsfortamepastureandevenmorefornativepasture?
Makeiteasiertoapplydirectratherthanhavetousethirdpartieswhoareonlyinitformoney.
Ifinditdifficultandtimeconsumingtogetlandlords’signatures,andthenisapresumptionbythemthattheyshouldshareinthereturn.
Shouldallowmoretillageinwetyears.Manyfieldshaveextensiverutsandweedissuestorepair.
ReasonsforNotParticipatinginConservationTillageProtocol
49
ThosewhoknowabouttheConservationTillageProgrambutarenotparticipatingwereaskedwhytheyarenotparticipating.Theywereaskedtoselecttherelevantreasonsfromagivenlist.
Keybarriersinclude:
• Feelingthatthepaperworkistooonerousforthevaluereceived.• Practicesandequipmentdon’tfittheprogram;relatedly,somefarmingpracticesareexcluded.
• Lackoffamiliarityandunderstandingoftheprogram.
• Theneedtoobtainlandlordapprovals.
• Notagreeingwiththepremiseofcarboncredits.
• Feelingthattheaggregatorsaretakingtoolargeaportionofthecarboncredits.• Feelingthattheprogramistoocomplicated.
ReasonsforNotParticipatinginConservationTillageProtocol
50Base:Thosewhoknowalittleoralotabouttheprogrambuthaven’tusedit(N=86).Other– seeAppendixA
22%
15%
14%
9%
8%
7%
6%
4%
2%
2%
2%
1%
7%
23%
11%
8%
19%
19%
28%
13%
19%
28%
13%
7%
12%
Paperworktooonerousforthevaluereceived
Mypracticesorequipmentdon’tfittheprogram
Notfamiliarenoughwiththeprogram
Landlordapprovals
Don’tagreewiththebasicpremiseofcarbonoffsets
Aggregators/companiestaketoolargeaportion
Toocomplicated
Don’tthinktheprogrammotivateschangingfarmingpractices
Don’tagreewithexcludingcertainfarmingpractices
I’veheardfromfriends/neighboursthatit’snotworthwhile
Don’tagreewiththepracticesthatarepartoftheprotocol
Changesinpracticesaretooonerousforthevaluereceived
Other,pleasespecify*
Mainreason
Secondaryreasons
Awareness– NitrousOxideEmissionReductionProtocol(NERP)
51
Notunexpectedly,awarenessofNERPisfairlylow,with64%havingneverheardofitand22%justhavingheardthename.Just14%knowanythingaboutit.
WhengivenabriefexplanationofNERP,interestismoderate,with55%sayingtheyaresomewhatinterestedand18%beingveryinterested.Just16%arenotinterested,and11%areunsure.Therearenonotabledifferencesbetweensegments.
18%
55%
12%
4%
11%
Veryinterested
Somewhatinterested
Notveryinterested
Notatallinterested
Notsure
Awareness– NitrousOxideEmissionReductionProtocol(NERP)
52Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
Althoughnotyetoperational,inthefuture,theNitrousOxideEmissionReduction(NERP)programwould
providefarmerswithfinancialcreditformoreefficientpracticesfornitrogenapplication.Basedonthisbriefexplanationandanythingyouhaveread,seenorheardaboutthisprogram,howinteresteddoyouthinkyou
willbeinthisprogram,whenitislaunched?64%
22%
12%
2%
Neverheardofit
Onlyheardthename
Knowalittleaboutit
Knowalotaboutit
WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesyourpriorlevelofawarenessorfamiliaritywithAlberta’sNitrousOxideEmission
ReductionProtocol(NERP)?
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
AwarenessofandExperiencewithGrowingForward2ProgramsRelatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability
53
Awareness– GrowingForward2
54
RespondentswereaskedabouttheirawarenessanduseofGrowingForward2.Atfirst,theywereaskedthisonagenerallevel,priortobeingaskedabouttheenvironmentalsustainabilityprograms.
Aboutone-quarter(23%)haveparticipatedinaGrowingForward2program.AbouthalfknowalittleoralotaboutGrowingForward2,andaboutonequarterhaveeitherneverheardofit(10%)orhaveonlyheardthename(17%).
ThosewhohaveonlyheardthenameorneverheardofGF2weregivenabriefdescription,andaskedhowinterestedtheywouldbeinknowingmoreaboutfuturegovernmentsupportandfundingprogramsthatfocusonenvironmentalsustainability.Thereismoderateinterest,withjustoverhalf(52%)indicatingtheyaresomewhatinterestedandanother23%beingveryinterested.Seventeenpercentarenotinterested,while8%arenotsure.
Awareness– GrowingForward2
55Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
10%
17%
45%
4%
23%
Neverheardofit
Onlyheardthename
Knowalittleaboutit
Knowalotaboutit
Participatedin/usedaprogramunderGrowingForward2
Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesyourfamiliarityandexperiencewith
GrowingForward2programs?
23%
52%
13%
4%
8%
Veryinterested
Somewhatinterested
Notveryinterested
Notatallinterested
Notsure
Theseprogramsarecost-sharingprogramsforproducerswantingtoundertakevariousprojects.Theymaybechangedordifferentonesmaybeaddedforthenextfiveyears.In
general,whatisyourlevelofinterestinknowingmoreaboutfuturegovernmentsupportandfundingprogramsthatfocus
onenvironmentalsustainability?
Base:thosewhohaveneverheardof,orhaveonlyheardthename(N=75).
SegmentDifferences– GrowingForward2
56
Awarenessandusage:
• AwarenessofGrowingForward2islowerforthoseunderage45.
• TheportionwhohaveusedtheGrowingForward2programincreasesascroppedacresincreases,andasgrosssalesincrease.Forexample,asseentwoslidesforward,only13%ofthosewithunder1000acreshaveusedtheprogram,versus31%ofthosewith5000+acres.Itisalsonotablethat40%ofthosewith$2Mormoreingrosssaleshaveusedtheprogram,comparedtothe23%average.
Levelofinterest,iftheywerepreviouslyunawareofGF2:
• Thoseunderage45aremoreinterested– 33%areveryinterestedversusthe23%average.
• Further,thevastmajorityofthosewith>$1Mingrosssalesaresomewhatorveryinterested.
31%
20%15%
<45 45- 64 65+
SegmentDifferences– AwarenessandUseofGrowingForward2
57
ByAgeCategory– Percentwhohaveneverheardoftheprogram
13%
24% 26%31%
<1000 1000- 2999 3000- 4999 5000+
Croppedacres– Percentwhohaveusedtheprogram
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
13%
24%
40%
<$250K $250K- $2M $2M+
ByGrossRevenue– Percentwhohaveusedtheprogram
AwarenessandUseofGrowingForward2ProgramsRelatedtoSustainability
58
RespondentsweregivenabriefdescriptionoffiveGF2programsthatarerelatedtosustainability,andthenwereaskedabouttheirlevelofawarenessanduseoftheseprograms.Theprogramsthatwereaskedaboutinclude:On-FarmWaterManagement,On-FarmStewardship,On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics,On-FarmEnergyManagement,andIrrigationEfficiency.Participationintheprogramsrangesfrom4%to14%.One-quarterofthesampleparticipatedinatleastoneofthesefiveprograms,while7%participatedinmorethanone.Outsideofprogramparticipants,theportionwhoknowalittleoralotabouteachprogramranges,fromjust11%(IrrigationEfficiency)tooverhalf.ThereisrelativelyhigherawarenessoftheOn-FarmWaterManagementprogramandtheOn-FarmStewardshipprogram,eachwithoverhalfofrespondentsknowingalittleoralotabouttheprogram.ThereislowerawarenessoftheOn-FarmSolarPhotovoltaicsandOn-FarmEnergyManagementprograms,withaboutone-thirdknowinganythingabouteither.ThelowestgeneralawarenessisoftheIrrigationEfficiencyprogram(just1in10knowsomethingaboutit).However,lookingjustatthosewithirrigationontheirfarm,44%haveusedthisprogramandafurther38%knowsomethingaboutit.
AwarenessandUseofGrowingForward2ProgramsRelatedtoSustainability
59
17%
15%
34%
37%
58%
18%
19%
29%
28%
26%
47%
46%
29%
28%
10%
6%
7%
4%
4%
12%
14%
4%
4%
4%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram
On-FarmStewardshipprogram
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram
Neverheardofit Onlyknowthename Knowalittleaboutit Knowalotaboutit Haveparticipated/utilizedit
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
Priortothissurvey,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesyourpriorlevelofawareness,experienceorfamiliaritywitheachoftheseprograms?
SegmentDifferences– GrowingForward2ProgramsRelatedtoSustainability
60
• Asgrosssalesincreases,sodoeslikelihoodofusingOn-FarmWaterManagementprogram– 19%ofthosewith$1M– $2Mingrosssalesand20%ofthosewithover$2Mhaveusedthisprogramcomparedtotheaverageof12%.
• ThetrendisthesamewiththeOn-FarmStewardshipprogram– amongthe$2M+segment,30%haveusedthisprogramversusthe14%average.
• TheOn-FarmSolarPhotovoltaicsprogramwasusedbyahigherportioninsmallestacreandrevenuecategories,butalsobyahigherportionofthoseinthehighestrevenuecategory-- 13%inthe$2M+categoryusedthisprogramversusthe4%average.
• Similarly,theOn-FarmEnergyManagementprogramusewashighestinthe$2M+revenuecategory,at17%vs.1%- 4%inotherrevenuecategories.
• UseoftheIrrigationEfficiencyprogramwashigheramongthoseundertheageof45– 11%ofthisgrouphaveuseditversusthe4%average.Further,thosewithover$2Minrevenuearealsomorelikelytohaveusedthisprogram,at17%.
StatusofGrowingForward2Projects
61
Wasyourprojectunder[nameofprogram]completed(i.e.fullyimplemented)?
Yes NobutIexpecttocompleteit
No,Iabandonedtheproject
Other
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31) 84% 7% 7% 3%*
On-FarmStewardshipprogram(N=33) 88% 12% - -
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8) N=6 N=2 - -
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5) N=4 - N=1 -
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8) N=8 - - -
Itappearsthemajorityofprojectsundertakenwerecompletedorareexpectedtobecompleted.TheonlypossibleexceptionistheOn-FarmWaterManagementprogram,where2ofthe31participantssaidtheyabandonedtheirproject,and1saidtheirprojectwascompletedbuttheywerenotcompensated.OneoftheOn-FarmEnergyManagementprogramparticipantssaidtheyabandonedtheproject,butwiththesmallsampleitisnotpossibletoextrapolatethismoregenerally.
SatisfactionwithGrowingForward2Programs
62
Participantsineachprogramwereaskedtorateseveralaspectsoftheprogramtheywerein,includingoverallsatisfaction,easeofparticipating,cost-sharingallocation,overallimpactontheirfarm,eligibilityrequirements,termsandconditions,applicationprocessingtimeandeaseofunderstandingtheapplicationprocess.Iftheyparticipatedinmorethanoneprogram(7%ofthesample),theywereonlyaskedaboutone,randomlyselected.
Thefollowingslidessummarizeeachmeasureforallprograms.Followingaresomesummarycommentsaboutthegeneraltrends.Notethatbecauseofthesmallnumberofcases,theseconclusionsaredirectionalversusstatisticallysignificant.
• SatisfactionishighestfortheIrrigationEfficiencyprogram.Thisappearsdrivenbystrongerratingsofapplicationprocessingtime,overallimpactonthefarm,easeofparticipatingandeligibilityrequirements.
• TheOn-FarmStewardshipprogramalsohadrelativelyhigherpositiveratings,andfewerparticipantsgavenegativeratings.
SatisfactionwithGrowingForward2Programs
63
• Theattributesgarneringthelowestratingsoverallwereapplicationprocessingtime,cost-sharingallocation,andeaseofparticipating.
• Theattributeswiththemostpositiveratingswereoverallsatisfactionandimpactonthefarm.
• Itisinterestingthatoverall,participantsratedtheprogramshighly,butmorenegativelywhenitcametothinkingaboutspecificaspects.
SatisfactionWithGrowingForward2Programs– OVERALLSATISFACTION
64
36%36%50%
80%
25%
52%61%37%
20%
75%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31)
On-FarmStewardship
program(N=33)
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8)
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5)
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8)
Verysatisfied
Somewhatsatisfied
Notsatisfied
Base:Thosewhoparticipatedineachprogram.CAUTION:smallsamplesizes
13%3%
10%
SatisfactionWithGrowingForward2– EASEOFPARTICIPATING
65
48%67%63%
20%
42%24%25%
40%63%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31)
On-FarmStewardship
program(N=33)
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8)
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5)
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8)
Verysatisfied
Somewhatsatisfied
Notsatisfied
Base:Thosewhoparticipatedineachprogram.CAUTION:smallsamplesizes
25%40%
13% 10%9%
SatisfactionWithGrowingForward2Programs– COST-SHARINGALLOCATION
66
48%61%25%
40%50%
42%33%
38%20%
38%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31)
On-FarmStewardship
program(N=33)
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8)
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5)
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8)
Verysatisfied
Somewhatsatisfied
Notsatisfied
Base:Thosewhoparticipatedineachprogram.CAUTION:smallsamplesizes
13%40% 38%
10%6%
SatisfactionWithGrowingForward2Programs– OVERALLIMPACTOFTHEPROGRAMONYOURFARM
67
35%49%25%20%
38%
48%39%
50%40%
63%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31)
On-FarmStewardship
program(N=33)
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8)
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5)
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8)
Verysatisfied
Somewhatsatisfied
Notsatisfied
Base:Thosewhoparticipatedineachprogram.CAUTION:smallsamplesizes
40%25%
10%9%
SatisfactionWithGrowingForward2Programs– ELIGIBILITYREQUIREMENTSTOACCESSTHEPROGRAM
68
48%52%63%40%38%
32%33%38%
20%
63%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31)
On-FarmStewardship
program(N=33)
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8)
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5)
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8)
Verysatisfied
Somewhatsatisfied
Notsatisfied
Base:Thosewhoparticipatedineachprogram.CAUTION:smallsamplesizes
40%16%15%
SatisfactionWithGrowingForward2Programs– PROGRAMTERMSANDCONDITIONS
69
52%52%50%60%38%
32%30%50%20%
50%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31)
On-FarmStewardship
program(N=33)
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8)
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5)
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8)
Verysatisfied
Somewhatsatisfied
Notsatisfied
Base:Thosewhoparticipatedineachprogram.CAUTION:smallsamplesizes
13% 20% 16%15%
SatisfactionWithGrowingForward2Programs– APPLICATIONANDPROCESSINGTIME
70
39%58%
38%20%25%
39%24%
38%40%
63%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31)
On-FarmStewardship
program(N=33)
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8)
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5)
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8)
Verysatisfied
Somewhatsatisfied
Notsatisfied
Base:Thosewhoparticipatedineachprogram.CAUTION:smallsamplesizes
13%40%
26% 20%18%
SatisfactionWithGrowingForward2Programs– EASEOFUNDERSTANDINGTHEAPPLICATIONPROCESS
71
55%67%63%60%38%
26%21%25%20%
38%
On-FarmWaterManagementprogram(N=31)
On-FarmStewardship
program(N=33)
On-FarmSolarPhotovoltaics(N=8)
On-FarmEnergyManagementprogram(N=5)
IrrigationEfficiencyprogram(N=8)
Verysatisfied
Somewhatsatisfied
Notsatisfied
Base:Thosewhoparticipatedineachprogram.CAUTION:smallsamplesizes
25% 20% 13% 19%9%
ParticipantSuggestionsforImprovementinGrowingForward2Program
72
SuggestionsforImprovementofGF2 ProgramsSimplify,lesspaperwork N=8
Improvespeedofprocessing N=5
Moreinformation,clearerdefinitionsandterms N=3
Increasethemaximumlimit,coverahigherpercentage N=2
Makemoreaccessibleandrelevantforsmallerfarms N=2
Morefundingforoversubscribedprograms N=2
Timingofapprovalversusundertakingtheprojectandspendingthemoney
N=2
Specificprogramsuggestions- typesofprojects,itemscovered
N=4
Other N=6
Base:Participantsinanyofthefiveprogramswhoprovidedcomments(N=31).CAUTION:Smallsamplesize
ParticipantswereaskediftheyhaveanysuggestionsforimprovementofGF2.Thiswasanopenendedquestion,andresponsesweregroupedintothecategoriesshownhere.Amongthe85participants,only31offeredsuggestions.Themostcommonresponsecategorywastosimplifytheprocess– less“redtape”andpaperwork.Secondmostcommonly,respondentssuggestedspeedinguptheprocessingtime.Othersuggestionscoverarange,allofwhichareworthwhileconsiderationsforfutureprogramming.
Forverbatimcomments,pleaseseeAppendixA.Samplecommentsareprovidedonthefollowingslide.
SampleComments– SuggestionsforImprovementinGrowingForward2Program
73
Keepthepaperworktoaminimumandgetthematerials/approvalprocessasfastaspossible.Manyifnotallprojectsaretimesensitive.
Needtostreamlinetheapplicationprocess.
Sometimestakestoolongtoknowifanymoneywillbeleftsoyoucandoproject.
Abitmoredetailwhenadvertising.Makedefinitionsclearer- highpressurevslowpressure.AlsoextrafundingforVRIwouldbevaluable.
Itwouldbeniceifthewatermanagementhadbeena50%program.
Thebasicprogramsareokjustdon'tmakethemtoodifficultforthesmalltomediumsizedfarmers.Wherethemostchangecouldoccur.
Alwaysseemtofocusonlargefarmswithlotsofhelp andlabour.ContinuationornewfundsforsomeoftheprogramsthatgotoversubscribedinGF2.
Idonotthinkthatfullapprovalbeforestartingisuseful.Thereshouldbeacomponentinplacewheretherewouldbecreditavailableforupgradingbusinessmanagementcourseswhichwillallowtheproducertomanagehisoperationmoreefficiently.Weconcentratesomuchontheexternalfactorsthatquiteoftentheinternalandmostoftenthemostimportantparts,beingbusinessmanagementaspectsareignoredorforgotten.OtherprovincessubsidizetheseandIfeelAlbertashouldaswell.
BarrierstoParticipationinGrowingForward2Programs
74
Respondentswhohadheardofandknewsomethingabouteachprogram,buthadn’tparticipated,wereaskedtoindicate,fromalist,themainandsecondaryreasonstheydidnotparticipate.Fromthese,wecanidentifybarrierstoparticipation.Thesereasonsareshownonthefollowingslides,andthemainreasons(givenbymorethan10%)areshownbelow.
ReasonsforNotParticipating(Main ReasonGivenby>10%)
OnFarmWaterManagement Notrelevant tomyoperation(27%),Notfamiliarenough(18%),Projectstilltooexpensive(14%),Couldn’tgetretroactiveapproval(13%)
OnFarmStewardship Notfamiliarenough(26%),Notrelevant tomyoperation(14%),Projectstilltooexpensive(13%),Programoutofmoney(12%)
OnFarmSolarPhotovoltaics Projectstilltooexpensive(29%),Notrelevant tomyoperation(20%),Notfamiliarenough(16%)
OnFarmEnergyManagement Notrelevant tomyoperation(24%),Programoutofmoney(18%),Projectstilltooexpensive(18%),Applicationprocess toocomplicated(14%)
Irrigationefficiency Couldn’tgetretroactiveapproval(N=2)
ReasonsforNotParticipatinginON-FARMWATERMANAGEMENT
75Base:Subsetofrespondentswhoknowalittleoralotaboutthisprogrambutdidn’tuseit(N=119)
27%
18%
14%
13%
8%
5%
4%
2%
2%
2%
5%
10%
18%
15%
9%
11%
17%
9%
17%
2%
Notrelevantto/noapplicationtomyfarmoperation
Notfamiliarenoughwiththeprogram/notenoughinfo
TheprojectIwouldliketoundertakewasstilltooexpensive
Couldnotgetretroactiveapproval
Theprogramwasoutofmoney
Applicationprocesstoocomplicated/toomuchwork
Thelistofapplicabletechnologiesorequipmentwastoolimited
Flexibility- Projectrequirementstoostrict/wasn'teligible
Don’tlikegovernmentprograms
Haven’thadtimetoapply,stillplanto
Other,pleasespecify
Notsure
Mainreason
Secondaryreason
ReasonsforNotParticipatinginON-FARMSTEWARDSHIPPROGRAM
76Base:Subsetofrespondentswhoknowalittleoralotaboutthisprogrambutdidn’tuseit(N=108)
26%
14%
13%
12%
10%
6%
5%
2%
2%
10%
10%
11%
12%
12%
9%
10%
16%
8%
0%
4%
Notfamiliarenoughwiththeprogram/notenoughinfo
Notrelevantto/noapplicationtomyfarmoperation
TheprojectIwouldliketoundertakewasstilltooexpensive
Theprogramwasoutofmoney
Couldnotgetretroactiveapproval
Flexibility- Projectrequirementstoostrict/wasn’teligible
Applicationprocesstoocomplicated/toomuchwork
Thelistofapplicabletechnologiesorequipmentwastoolimited
Don’tlikegovernmentprograms
Other
Notsure
Mainreason
Secondaryreason
ReasonsforNotParticipatinginON-FARMSOLARPHOTOVOLTAICSPROGRAM
77Base:Subsetofrespondentswhoknowalittleoralotaboutthisprogrambutdidn’tuseit(N=45)
29%
20%
16%
9%
9%
4%
4%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
13%
6%
15%
11%
13%
9%
11%
9%
2%
9%
TheprojectIwouldliketoundertakewasstilltooexpensive
Notrelevantto/noapplicationtomyfarmoperation
Notfamiliarenoughwiththeprogram/notenoughinfo
Theprogramwasoutofmoney
Applicationprocesstoocomplicated/toomuchwork
Don’tlikegovernmentprograms
Haven’thadtimetoapply,stillplanto
Couldnotgetretroactiveapproval
Flexibility- Projectrequirementstoostrict/wasn’teligible
Thelistofapplicabletechnologiesorequipmentwastoolimited
Other
Notsure
Mainreason
Secondaryreason
ReasonsforNotParticipatinginON-FARMENERGYMANAGEMENTPROGRAM
78Base:Subsetofrespondentswhoknowalittleoralotaboutthisprogrambutdidn’tuseit(N=38)
24%
18%
18%
13%
8%
8%
3%
3%
3%
5%
10%
11%
8%
27%
21%
18%
10%
15%
2%
Notrelevantto/noapplicationtomyfarmoperation
Theprogramwasoutofmoney
TheprojectIwouldliketoundertakewasstilltooexpensive
Applicationprocesstoocomplicated/toomuchwork
Notfamiliarenoughwiththeprogram/notenoughinfo
Thelistofapplicabletechnologiesorequipmentwastoolimited
Couldnotgetretroactiveapproval
Flexibility- Projectrequirementstoostrict/wasn’teligible
Other
Notsure
Mainreason
Secondaryreason
ReasonsforNotParticipatinginIRRIGATIONEFFICIENCYPROGRAM
79
Reasons fornotparticipatinginIrrigationEfficiencyProgram Mainreason Secondaryreason
Notrelevantto/noapplicationtomyfarmoperation N=1 -
Notfamiliarenoughwiththeprogram/notenoughinfo - N=1
Couldnotgetretroactiveapproval N=2 -
Theprogramwasoutofmoney - N=1
TheprojectIwouldliketoundertakewasstilltooexpensive N=1 -
Flexibility- Projectrequirementstoostrict/wasn’teligible - N=1
Thelistofapplicabletechnologiesorequipmentwastoolimited - N=2
Haven’thadtimetoapply,stillplanto N=1 -
Other - N=1
Notsure N=2 -Base:Subsetofrespondentswhohaveirrigationontheirfarmandwhoknowalittleoralotaboutthisprogrambutdidn’tuseit(N=8).CAUTION:Smallsamplesize.
IncentiveStructure
80
IncentiveStructure
81
Respondentswereaskedseveralquestionsaboutthemosteffectivewaytoprovideincentivesthroughgovernmentprograms.First,theywereaskedthefollowingquestion:
“GrowingForwardprogramshaveusedcost-sharing,withtheprogramgenerallycovering50%- 70%ofthecostsofeligibleprojects,uptoaspecifiedmaximum.Doyoufeelthatthiscost-sharingsystemworkswelltoencourageinvestmentininnovative,energyefficient,orsustainabletechnologiesandpractices?”
Asseentwoslidesforward,overhalf(57%)sayyes,theydofeelthissystemworkswell,while12%donot.Almostone-thirdarenotsure.Therearefewdifferencesbetweensegments,exceptthatthoseunderage45areevenmorelikelytofeelthesystemworkswell,with76%indicatingthis.
IncentiveStructure– SuggestionsforImprovement
82
Whenaskedforsuggestionsforimprovement,thelargestgroupofresponses(27%)fellunderthethemethattheprogramsshouldcovermoreofthecostsorhavemorerealisticcaps.Anotherthemewasthatthereshouldbemoreinformationandadvice(16%),andthirdly,thattheprocessneedstobemadesimpler,withless“redtape”involved(16%).Manyresponsestothisquestionweregeneralsuggestions,notnotstrictlyrelatedtoincentivestructure.
Otherlesser-mentionedthemesincludedtimingandtheneedfortheprogramstoallowforretroactiveapprovals,havingmoremoneyintheprogramsorallocatingfundsbetterbetweenprograms.Somealsofeltthatprogramsshouldbemoreavailabletodifferenttypesofgrowersorthatthelistofactions/itemsbebroadened,alongwithmiscellaneousothersuggestions(seechartonnextslide).AppendixAprovidestheverbatimcommentsthatfellintoeachcategory.
Thosewithunder1000acresaremuchmorelikelythatlargergrowerstoseeaneedformoreinformation,assistanceandadvice,with42%makingthissuggestionversus16%overall.Otherthanthis,therearenosegmentsthatdifferintheirsuggestionsforimprovement.
Samplecommentsareincludedtwoslidesforward,andfullverbatimcommentsareinAppendixA.
IncentiveStructure
83
Whatimprovementswouldyousuggest,specificallyrelatedtocost-sharingprograms?
Covermoreofthecost,haverealisticcaps 27%
Needmoreinformation,clearerinformation,advice 16%
Paperwork cumbersome,redtape,complicated 16%Beretroactive,differenttimingofbudgeting,notimetowaitforapprovals
9%
Havemoremoneyintheprogram,allocatefundsbetter 8%
Disagreewithprograms 6%
Seemstargetedatlargerfarms,doesn'tworkeverywhere 5%
Wouldratherreceivetaxcredit 4%
Broadenitemscovered,lessrestrictions 4%
Suppliersinflatecosts 3%
Other 13%
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
57%
12%
31%
Yes
No
Notsure
Doyoufeelthatthecost-sharingsystemworkswelltoencourageinvestmentininnovative,energy
efficient,orsustainabletechnologiesandpractices?
Base:Respondentswhoofferedsuggestions(N=110)
SampleComments– SuggestionsforImprovementofCost-SharingAspect
84
Costshareportionbygovernmentshouldnotbejustapercentage,butshouldbesettoensurethatthereisareturnoninvestmentbytheproducer.
Don'tlimittheprogramtosmallamounts,alargerfarmmayqualifyononefieldbutmightbeinterestedinupgradingmultiplelocationinoneyearbutthendoesn'tqualifyforfunding.HighercostshareforslowerROIprojects.
Iftheprogramboastsapercentageofthecostshared,itshouldnotbecappedtoadollarlimit.Oneortheotherbutnotboth.
Developteamsofpeopletogooutanddocompleteorpartialauditsoffarmssothatbothpartiesknowthebestdirectiontogoin.
Manyoftheimprovementsarestilltooexpensiveat50%,needtobe70to75%.
Clearerinformationpriortoapplicationonwhatexpensesareeligible.Notenoughinformationonwhatqualifies.
Ifeelthatsuppliersraisethecostsimplybecausethegovernmentisfootingthebill.Shouldincludesometaxincentives.
Beretroactiveifwehavealreadybeenproactiveinintroduction.
Ihavedoneprojectsthatwouldqualify.SomeIdidnotknowfundingwasavailableandthereisnoretroactiveapplications.AndothertimesIjustcan'taffordthetimetodotheapplicationsandthenwaitforapproval.Fundsshouldbere-allocatedfromlowdemandareastohighdemandareas.
PreferencesforGovernmentFundingPrograms
85Base:Respondentswhogaveananswer(N=273- 282)
61%
23%
20%
22%
49%
27%
17%
28%
53%
Cost-sharing
Rebates
Taxincentives/taxrelief/taxbenefits
Topchoice
Secondchoice
Thirdchoice
Whattypeofgovernmentfundingprogramdoyouthinkworksbesttoencourageadoptionoftechnologyorpractices?Pleaserankthefollowingfrom1to3,
with“1”beingtheoptionyoufeelisbest.
Thelargestportionofgrowersthinkthatcost-sharingisthebestformatforincentives,with6in10choosingthisasthetopranked-option.Rebatesarenextinorderofpreference,followedbytaxincentives.
Thetrendtoprefercost-sharingisgreateramong5000+acregrowers,with78%optingforthisastheirtopchoice.Cost-sharingisalsopreferredbymixedcropandlivestockfarmers(69%).Taxincentivesweremorelikelytobechosenasnumberonebythoseaged65+(33%)orwithunder1000acres(29%).
ChangesPlannedonFarmRelatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability
86
ChangesPlanned– Unaided
87
Thissectionofthesurveystartedwithanopen-endedquestionaboutchangesplanned,withwordingasfollows:
“Itisrecognizedthatmanyproducersalreadyextensivelyimplementbestpracticesrelatedtoenvironmentalstewardship.Governmentsupport(programs,funding,education)– willbeavailableoverthenextfiveyearstoencourageevenmoreadoptionoforchangestopractices,technology,equipmentthatcontributetothepriorityareaofenvironmentalsustainability.Intheboxbelow,pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.”
Justunderhalf(44%)describedspecificchangestheyarelookingat,while56%declinedtocomment.Theopenendedresponseswerecodedintocategories(similarcategoriestothoseaskedinasubsequentaidedquestion).Itisnotablethatthesechangesspanawiderangeofpractices,andnoonetypeofchangehavingmorethan9%fallingintothatcategory,andmosthavingintherangeof2%to6%.
VerbatimcommentsineachcategoryareprovidedinAppendixA.
Open-EndedQuestion– ChangesPlannedonFarmRelatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability
88Base:Allrespondents(N=339).Percentagesaddtomorethan100asmultipleresponseswereallowed.
ChangesPlannedSectionalcontrols,auto-steer,GPS-relatedimprovements 9%
Improvedfertilizertechnologies,practices,equipment 6%
Variablerateapplicationoffertilizer(GPSorsensorbased) 5%
Betteron-farmenergymanagement 5%Bettermanagementofon-farmwatersupply,drainage,wetlandsmanagement 4%
On-farmsolarpower,solarpanels 4%Livestockrelated 4%Improvedpesticidetechnologies,practices,equipment 3%
Moreefficientirrigationsystems,solar,variablerate 3%Improvedormoreefficientgrainandpesticidestorage,dryingandaerationtechnology 3%
ChangesPlannedLesstillage/moredirectseeding 2%
Improvedwastemanagement(e.g.plastic,oil,etc.) 2%Emissionsmodificationstoequipment,orusemodernequipment,reducefuelconsumption 2%
Improvedseedingtechnology 2%
Fuelstorage 2%
Rotations,differentcrops,organic 1%BetteruseofGPSdatasuchasyield,soil,as-applied,topography,etc.(datamanagement,use,analysis,storage) 1%
Improvedharvestingequipment,improvedharvestpractices 1%
Other 8%
None/nocomments 56%
Open-EndedQuestion– ChangesPlannedonFarmRelatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability–SampleComments
89
Sectionalcontrolfordrilltoeliminatefertilizeroverlap.
GPSinstallationonequipment.IwouldliketoadoptGPSandsectionalcontrolonmyairseeder,butthecostisprohibitiveforasmall-mediumsizedoperationlikemine.Moreefficientuseoffertilizer.
Adaptingsomeformoffundingtooffsettheextracostofnitrogenproductsthatallowfornitrogentobeplacedandutilizedasneeded,i.e.ESNetc.
VRfertilizing.Sectionalcontrolforfertilizer,StabilizedNsources.
Implementationofhighefficiencylights,heating,andinsulationtoafarmshop.
Installedledyardlightsforreducedenergyuseandgreatersafetyandsecurity.
Biologicalcontroloptions-methodsforcropproduction.
ChangefromcentrifugaltoturbinepumpssothatwecanuseVariablefrequencydrivesandsaveenergycostsofpumping.
Updateburnerongraindryerformoreefficientenergyuseusingmorefoliarfertilizer.
Reducedtillage.Responsiblemanagementofpesticidesandfertilizers.
Recyclegrainbags.
Anyequipmentthatwouldreducecarbonimprintonmyfarm...i.e.higherefficiencymotors,loweremissions.
Upgradeseedingtooltoreducedisturbance.RTKbaselineGPS,dataloggingandanalyzing,limingtoincreasesoilph.
EnvironmentalFarmPlan.
WhatKindofSupportisNeeded,ToMakePlannedChanges
90
64%
11%
7%
2%
8%
45%
29%
Funding
Information,education,technical…
Appliedon-farmresearch
demonstrations
Other
Topchoice
Secondchoice
Whatkindofsupportwouldbemostlikelytomakeyouproceedwiththesechanges?
Pleaseindicateyourfirstandsecondchoice.
Givenachoiceoftypesofsupporttohelpthemproceedwiththesechanges,mostchosefundingastheirfirstchoice(64%)overinformation/support/advice(11%)oron-farmdemonstrations(7%).
Thoseunderage45wereevenstrongerintheirchoiceoffunding(84%),asweremixedcropandlivestockfarmers(85%).Therewerenoothernotablesegmentdifferences.
ChangesPlanned– Aided
91
Respondentswereasked:“Iftherewerenotanybarriers(suchascost,information,time,complexity,etc.)whichofthefollowingpractices/technologies,ifany,wouldyoubeinterestedinadopting(orfurtherimplementingonyourfarmifyouhavealreadyadopted)overthenextfiveyears?”Respondentscouldselectasmanyitemsastheyareinterestedinfromagivenlist.Themostcommontypesofchangesthatgrowersareinterestedin,withover50%selectingthem,include:improvedfertilizertechnologies,practices,equipment;betteruseofGPSdatasuchasyield,soil,as-applied,topography,etc.(datamanagement,use,analysis,storage);andimprovedpesticidetechnologies,practices,equipment.Alsoquitecommon(37%to49%)wereon-farmsolarpower,variablerateapplicationoffertilizer,increasedplantingofnitrogenfixingcrops,betteron-farmenergymanagementandimprovedwastemanagement.Theleastcommonchangesindicatedwereemissionsmodificationstoequipmentandmoreefficientirrigationsystems(eachselectedby9%).Whenaskedtoselectjustonepracticetheyfelthadthemostinterestorpotential,thetopchoicewasimprovedfertilizertechnologies,practices,equipment.Thiswasfollowedbyon-farmsolarpower,betteruseofGPSdataandimprovedpesticidetechnologies,practicesandequipment.
AidedQuestion:InterestinAdoptingorFurtherImplementingCertainPracticesorTechnology(Slide1of2)
92Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
68%
53%
53%
47%
45%
41%
39%
37%
Improvedfertilizertechnologies,practices,equipment
BetteruseofGPSdata
Improvedpesticidetechnologies,practices,equipment
On-farmsolarpower
Variablerateapplicationoffertilizer(GPSorsensorbased)
Increasedplantingofnitrogen-fixingcrops
Betteron-farmenergymanagement
Improvedwastemanagement(e.g.plastic,oil,etc.)
Iftherewerenotanybarriers(suchascost,information,time,complexity,etc.)whichofthefollowingpractices/technologies,ifany,wouldyoubeinterestedinadopting(or
furtherimplementingonyourfarmifyouhavealreadyadopted)overthenextfiveyears?
AidedQuestion:InterestinAdoptingorFurtherImplementingCertainPracticesorTechnology(Slide2of2)
93Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
28%
23%
16%
9%
8%
2%
2%
Lesstillage/moredirectseeding
Conversionofmarginallandfromannualcropstogroundcover
Bettermanagementofon-farmwatersupply
Moreefficientirrigationsystems
Emissionsmodificationstoequipment
Other(seeappendixA)
Noneoftheabove
Iftherewerenotanybarriers(suchascost,information,time,complexity,etc.)whichofthefollowingpractices/technologies,ifany,wouldyoubeinterestedinadopting(or
furtherimplementingonyourfarmifyouhavealreadyadopted)overthenextfiveyears?
ChangesPlanned– Aided– SegmentDifferences
94
• LowerrevenuecategoryfarmsaremorelikelytobeinterestedinincreasedplantingofNfixingcrops(50%versusthe41%average).
• Mixedcropandlivestockfarmsmorelikelytobeinterestedinconversionofmarginallandtogroundcover(32%vs.23%avg.),bettermanagementofon-farmwatersupply(26%vs.16%avg.),andon-farmsolarpower(56%vs.47%avg.).
• Thoseinthe$2Mandovercategoryaremoreinterestedinon-farmenergymanagement(56%vs.39%avg.),improvedfertilizerpracticesandtechnology(83%vs.68%),improvedwastemanagement(57%vs.37%),moreefficientirrigationsystems(23%vs.9%)andbetteruseofGPSdata(67%vs.53%).
• Thoseinthelowestrevenueandacrecategoriesaremoreinterestedinon-farmsolarpower.Thismaycorrelatewithlivestockfarms.
• Thosewith5000+acresaremoreinterestedinemissionsreductionmodificationstoequipment(16%vs.8%avg.).
• Thoseunderage45aremoreinterestedinmoreefficientirrigationsystems(17%vs.9%avg.),betteruseofGPSdata(63%vs.53%)andemissionsmodificationstoequipment(15%vs.8%).
PracticeorTechnologywithMostInterestorPotential
95Base:Allrespondents(N=339).Includestopselectionofthosewhochosemorethanone,andsingleselectionofthosewhochoseone.
22%
13%
12%
10%
9%
8%
5%
4%
4%
3%
3%
3%
0
2%
2%
Improvedfertilizertechnologies,practices,equipment
On-farmsolarpower
BetteruseofGPSdata
Improvedpesticidetechnologies,practices,equipment
Variablerateapplicationoffertilizer(GPSorsensorbased)
Increasedplantingofnitrogen-fixingcrops
Lesstillage/moredirectseeding
Conversionofmarginallandfromannualcropstogroundcover
Improvedwastemanagement(e.g.plastic,oil,etc.)
Betteron-farmenergymanagement
Bettermanagementofon-farmwatersupply
Moreefficientirrigationsystems
Emissionsmodificationstoequipment
Other
Noneoftheabove
Ofthoseyouselected,whichonewouldyousayholdsthemost interestorpotentialforyoutoadoptorfurtherimplementoverthenextfiveyears?
BarrierstoAdoptingEnvironmentallySustainablePractices
96
BarrierstoAdoption
97
Forthepracticetheyweremostinterestedinadoptingandoneotherpracticetheyhadchosen,respondentswereaskedtoindicatethemainbarrierstoadoptingthesepractices.
Thefollowingslidesshowthebarrierstoadoptionforeachpractice;theslides/practicesaresortedinorderoftheportionwhoselectedthemastheirtopchoiceofinterest.Somethemesseenonthefollowingslides:
• Costoreconomicconsiderationsarethemostfrequentbarrierforeverypractice.
• Theleastseverebarrier,ofthoselisted,isrelatedtolandownershiporlandlordconsiderations.Theonlypracticewherethisappearstoamounttoanyextentofbarrierisconversionofmarginallandfromannualcropstogroundcover.
• Threepracticeshaveconsistentlyhigherportionswhoseecost,uncertainROI,andcomplexityaskeybarriers.Theseinclude:on-farmsolarpower,betteruseofGPSdataandon-farmenergymanagement.Thefirsttwoarealsohigh-prioritychangesformany.
• Thepracticeswiththelowestlevelofbarriersinclude:increasedplantingofnitrogenfixingcrops,lesstillage/moredirectseeding,andimprovedwastemanagement.
BarrierstoAdaptingImprovedFertilizerTechnologies,Practices,Equipment
98Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=112)
71%
27%
21%
13%
16%
7%
53%
23%
4%
28%
60%
59%
56%
54%
31%
40%
50%
5%
2%
13%
21%
31%
31%
62%
8%
28%
9%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROIComplexityMgmt.time,people
Lesserbarriers:OperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/adviceTime
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:68%Portionselectingastopchoice:22%
BarrierstoAdaptingOn-FarmSolarPower
99Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=71)
89%
38%
18%
24%
24%
7%
70%
27%
3%
11%
48%
56%
59%
54%
21%
23%
54%
14%
25%
17%
23%
72%
7%
20%
6%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROIComplexityMgmt.time,people
Lesserbarriers:OperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/adviceTime
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:47%Portionselectingastopchoice:13%
BarrierstoAdaptingBetterUseOfGPSData(DataManagement,Use,Analysis,Storage)
100Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=71)
76%
37%
23%
18%
28%
6%
49%
44%
9%
20%
52%
61%
63%
61%
37%
42%
51%
6%
11%
17%
18%
11%
58%
9%
6%
9%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROIMgmt.time,peopleComplexityTime
Lesserbarriers:OperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/advice
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:53%Portionselectingastopchoice:12%
BarrierstoAdaptingImprovedPesticideTechnologies,Practices,Equipment
101Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=58)
69%
29%
19%
22%
16%
14%
45%
24%
5%
28%
47%
50%
64%
52%
26%
52%
50%
3%
24%
31%
14%
33%
60%
3%
26%
7%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROIComplexity
Lesserbarriers:OperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/adviceTimeMgmt.time,people
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:53%Portionselectingastopchoice:10%
BarrierstoVariableRateApplicationofFertilizer
102Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=59)
68%
22%
17%
15%
14%
7%
51%
22%
27%
59%
52%
64%
59%
31%
37%
68%
5%
19%
31%
20%
27%
63%
14%
10%
10%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROI
Lesserbarriers:ComplexityOperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/adviceTimeMgmt.time,people
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:45%Portionselectingastopchoice:9%
BarrierstoIncreasedPlantingofNitrogenFixingCrops
103Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=60)
42%
7%
17%
10%
13%
10%
45%
15%
7%
50%
57%
55%
53%
40%
25%
43%
43%
8%
37%
33%
37%
47%
65%
12%
43%
7%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROI
Lesserbarriers:ComplexityOperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/adviceMgmt.time,people
Notaproblem:LandlordissuesTime
Totalwhoselect:41%Portionselectingastopchoice:8%
Barriers– LessTillage,MoreDirectSeeding
104Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=34)
53%
18%
15%
9%
9%
9%
32%
6%
6%
32%
41%
50%
35%
41%
29%
35%
59%
15%
41%
35%
56%
50%
62%
35%
35%
6%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROI
Lesserbarriers:ComplexityOperationcompatibilityMgmt.time,people
Notaproblem:Info/knowledge/adviceLandlordissuesTime
Totalwhoselect:28%Portionselectingastopchoice:5%
BarrierstoConversionofMarginalLandfromAnnualCropstoGroundCover
105Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=37)
49%
24%
30%
16%
22%
24%
37%
19%
43%
57%
51%
65%
68%
30%
49%
60%
8%
19%
19%
19%
11%
46%
14%
22%
4%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROIOperationcompatibility
Lesserbarriers:ComplexityInfo/knowledge/adviceMgmt.time,peopleTime
Notaproblem:Landlordissues(thoughamajorbarrierforsome)
Totalwhoselect:23%Portionselectingastopchoice:4%
BarrierstoAdaptingImprovedWasteManagement
106Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=50)
38%
20%
10%
28%
20%
8%
30%
14%
2%
46%
48%
54%
56%
48%
20%
40%
50%
4%
16%
32%
36%
16%
34%
72%
30%
36%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROIInfo/knowledge/advice
Lesserbarriers:OperationcompatibilityComplexityTimeMgmt.time,people
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:37%Portionselectingastopchoice:4%
BarrierstoBetterOn-FarmEnergyManagement
107Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=36)
78%
36%
17%
28%
25%
3%
58%
31%
17%
53%
61%
50%
53%
25%
33%
47%
6%
11%
22%
22%
22%
72%
11%
25%
Cost,economics
Complexity
Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations
Availabilityofinfo/knowledge/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Majorbarrier Minorbarrier Notabarrier
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsUncertainROIComplexityMgmt.time,people
Lesserbarriers:OperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/adviceTime
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:39%Portionselectingastopchoice:3%
(None)
BarrierstoBetterManagementOfOn-FarmWaterSupply
108
MajorBarrier
MinorBarrier
NotaBarrier
Cost/economicfactors N=14 N=2 N=1Complexity N=3 N=11 N=3Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations/practices - N=13 N=4Availabilityofinformation/knowledge/advice N=3 N=9 N=5Lackoftimetoadoptormakethechange N=6 N=9 N=2Landownership/landlordconsiderations N=1 N=7 N=9Uncertainaboutthereturnoninvestment N=4 N=12 N=1Ongoingneedforalotofmanagementtimeorneedforspecializedpeople/expertise N=1 N=13 N=3
Other N=1 - N=1
Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=17).CAUTION:Smallsamplesize.
Mainbarriers:Cost,economicsTime
Lesserbarriers:OperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/adviceUncertainROIMgmt.time,peopleComplexity
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:16%Portionselectingastopchoice:3%
BarrierstoMoreEfficientIrrigationSystems
109
MajorBarrier
MinorBarrier
NotaBarrier
Cost/economicfactors N=12 N=2 -Complexity N=5 N=4 N=6Compatibilitywithcurrentoperations/practices N=2 N=10 N=3Availabilityofinformation/knowledge/advice N=2 N=8 N=5Lackoftimetoadoptormakethechange N=2 N=8 N=5Landownership/landlordconsiderations N=2 N=4 N=9Uncertainaboutthereturnoninvestment N=5 N=6 N=4Ongoingneedforalotofmanagementtimeorneedforspecializedpeople/expertise N=3 N=7 N=5
Other - - N=2
Base:Subsetofthoseinterestedinadoptingthispractice(N=15).CAUTION:Smallsamplesize.
Mainbarriers:Cost,economics
Lesserbarriers:OperationcompatibilityInfo/knowledge/adviceUncertainROIMgmt.time,peopleComplexityTime
Notaproblem:Landlordissues
Totalwhoselect:9%Portionselectingastopchoice:3%
Summary– MajorBarrierstoAdoption
110
Reading downeachcolumn,thisistheportionwhothinkeachbarrierisamajorbarriertothepractice
Cost,economics
Complex-ity
Compat-abilitywith
currentoperations
Availa-bility ofinfo/advice
Lackoftime
Landownership/landlord
UncertainROI
Ongoingmgmt.time,specializedpeople
Other
Improvedfertilizer technologies,practices,equipment 71% 27% 21% 13% 16% 7% 53% 23% 4%
On-farm solarpower 89% 38% 18% 24% 24% 7% 70% 27% 3%
BetteruseofGPSdata 76% 37% 23% 18% 28% 6% 49% 44% 9%Improvedpesticide technologies,practices,equipment 69% 29% 19% 22% 16% 14% 45% 24% 5%
Variablerateapplicationoffertilizer 68% 22% 17% 15% 14% 7% 51% 22% -
IncreasedplantingofN-fixing crops 42% 7% 17% 10% 13% 10% 45% 15% 7%
Lesstillage,moredirectseeding 53% 18% 15% 9% 9% 9% 32% 6% 6%Conversion ofmarginallandfrom annualcropstogroundcover 49% 24% 30% 16% 22% 24% 37% 19% -
Improved wastemanagement 38% 20% 10% 28% 20% 8% 30% 14% 2%
On-farm energymanagement 78% 36% 17% 28% 25% 3% 58% 31% -
Bettermgmt.ofon-farmwatersupply N=14 N=3 - N=3 N=6 N=1 N=4 N=1 N=1Moreefficientirrigationsystems N=12 N=5 N=2 N=2 N=2 N=2 N=5 N=3 -
WhatKindofSupportisNeeded,ToMakePlannedChanges
111
79%
55%
39%
3%
Funding
Information,education,technicalsupport,advice
Appliedon-farmresearchdemonstrations
Other
Forthesepracticesyouaremostinterestedinadoptingorfurtherimplementing,whattype(s)ofgovernmentsupport,if
any,doyouthinkismostneeded?Pleaseselectanythatapply.
Base:Allrespondents(N=339)
Aftertheaidedinterestquestion,growerswereagainaskedwhatkindofsupporttheyfeelisneeded.Similartoresponsefortheunaidedquestion,thethemeofinterestinfundingisseen.However,thereisalsostronginterestininformation,supportandadvice,aswellasappliedon-farmresearchdemonstrations.
Segmentdifferences:• Asseenelsewhere,thoseunder45years
ofagearemoreinterestedinfunding(88%).
• Those65andoverappearmoreinterestedininformationandadvice(68%).
ProgramDesignInput
112
ProgramDesignInput
113
Respondentswereaskedtheextenttowhichvariousfactorsareimportanttothem,inprogramdesign.Weseethatallthefactorsaskedaboutareimportant.Formostfactors,abouthalfconsiderthemtobeveryimportantandbetween33%and40%considerthemsomewhatimportant.Onlyasmallportionconsideranyofthefactorsunimportant.
Applicationprocessingtimestandsoutastheonefactorwithslightlyhigherimportanceratings.
Segmentdifferences:
• Applicationprocessingtimeisevenmoreimportanttothosein3000- 4999acrecategory(69%indicateitisveryimportantversusthe56%average),andmedium-largeincomegrowers(67%).
• Abilitytofindouttheprogressoftheirapplicationisevenmoreimportanttothoseearning$2M+ingrossrevenue(70%indicateitisveryimportantvs.the48%average).
• Flexibilityindesignisalsomoreimportanttothosewith$2M+grossrevenue(56%vs.46%avg.).
• Retroactiveapprovalsaremoreimportanttothoseunderage45(59%vs.48%avg.).
Therewereasmallnumberofopen-endedcommentsaboutotheraspectsimportantinprogramdesign;theseareprovidedtwoslidesforward.
ProgramDesignInput
114
2%
3%
3%
3%
6%
7%
4%
5%
7%
33%
37%
40%
40%
38%
56%
48%
44%
46%
48%
4%
4%
9%
8%
4%
Applicationprocessingtime
Abilitytofindouttheprogressofyourapplication
Whenaprojectspansmorethanoneprogramormultipletechnologies/practices,takeawholefarmapproachtoavoid…
Flexibilityindesigntoaccommodateinnovativeideasthatdon’tfitaparticularprogram
Retroactiveapprovalsallowingtimingofprojectsoutsideofwhenprogramisopen
Notatallimportant Notveryimportant Somewhatimportant Veryimportant Notsure
Base:Thosewhohaveparticipatedintheprogram(N=120)
SomequalitativegrowerfeedbackfromAlbertaproducershasindicatedthatthefollowingareimportantindesignoffuturegovernmentprograms.Pleaseindicatehowimportanteachaspectistoyoupersonally.
VerbatimCommentsAboutProgramDesign
115
Govt.peopleneedtobeopen-mindedaboutreallyout-thereideasi.e.,completelyeliminatinguseofglyphosateandfoliarinsecticides.Thisiswheredemonstrationsitesaresoimportant.Havingadiscussionwithapplicantbeforerejectingaclaim.IhadaclaimrejectedbasedonaerrorandnowprogramisclosedandIcan’tgetfunding.Havingasufficientamountoffundingsoaprogramisavailableforseveralseasons.InthepastbythetimeIwasawareofaprogramitwasnolongerfunded.Icansaythefundingreallyadvancedourprojectandaftercompletingwesawhugebenefitsandwishedtheywerecompletedsooner.Informproducer,demonstrate,givetimeframeforproducertogohomeanddoowndecision,assistinapplication.
Itwouldbeniceifyouknewyouwouldgetfundingpriortoexpendingabunchoftimeandmoney.Wehavedoneaprojectbeforeandthengotrejectedbecauseprogramranoutofmoney.Makeprogramsinfomoreoutinthepublic,andnottoocomplicated.Makesurethereisalotofinformation.Someoftheprogramsoffered.Iamnotsureiftheadminisfacingtherealityorunderstandshoweachfarmcanadaptthoseideas.Thewholefarmapproachisimportant.Whatplanfitsmyfarm.Whatshouldbelookedatandimplementedfirst.Howtogetthere.Steps.
AppendixA– VerbatimComments
116
SuggestionsforImprovementofConservationCroppingProtocol
117
Additionalinclusions,doesn'tcoveralltheneeds/practices• 1.Weshouldbecompensatedforourstandsoftrees&pasture.2.Lessadministrationfees.3.Moremoneygoingtotheproducer,
lessmoneygoingtoaggregate.• doesnotproperlycoverproperlyalltheneedsofgoodfarmingpractices• Haylandandseededgrasslandaswellasnativepastureandbrushlandshouldbeincludedinpackageforcompensation.• Moreworkneedstobedoneoninter-rowseedingwithRTKguidanceandtheyieldandsoil/rhizospherebenefits.• shouldbebasedonwhatagrowerisgrowingnotontillageprogram• Shouldbemorecreditgiventothosethatuselessdisturbanceseedingtools.Orshallowseedingtoolsversusanhydrousopenersthat
movewaymoredirt.• Shouldincludeallforagecropsandimprovedpasture.Shouldbeasimpleformulaforeachcroppingpracticeimplemented.
Aggregatingonallrecordsthatareneedtobesuppliedistimeconsumingandnotworththetrouble.• Toincludeturfandforageseedacresinprogram• Weshouldgetmoreforhaylandandtrees.• Whyistherenocarboncreditsfortamepastureandevenmorefornativepasture.
SuggestionsforImprovementofConservationCroppingProtocol
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Aggregatorsshouldtakelessofacut,aggregatorsinefficient,makeiteasierforgrowerstoapplythemselves• Givemostoffthemoneyto3rdparty’stodotheapplication• Haveminedonebyacompanyseemstometheygetalittlemorethanafairshare• Makeiteasiertoapplydirectratherthanhavetousethirdpartieswhoareonlyinitformoney• Thecompaniesinvolvedinaggregationareoftenslowandinefficientwiththeiradmin.• Thepaymentisnotsatisfactoryastothebenefitforcompaniestouseourcarboncredits• Youshouldbeabletofillintheapplicationandotherformsyourselfinsteadofhavingtouseacompanywhichtakepartofyour
proceeds.Bettercompensation,doesn'treallypay,notworththeeffort,priceforcarbontoolow• bettercompensationnothavingtoreneweveryyear• Betterprice.• carboncreditshouldbeworthalotmoreconsideringnewtaxes• Currentvaluesforcarbon• Forusasalargerfarmitbarleypays,forsmallfarmitnotworththeeffortforfewbucks• Increaseremunerationperacre.Createincentivestoencouragenon-conservationfarmerstoconverttoconservationmethods.• Moremoneyforcarboncredits?• Needtopaymore.Hardlyworththeeffort• notadequatelycompensated
SuggestionsforImprovementofConservationCroppingProtocol
119
• notcompensatedverywellfortimespentinfillingoutallpapers• PaidonedollarperacrenotsufficientExcessivepaperworkLandlordswantedmajorityofpaymentHavenotparticipatedsincethat
first• paymore• Programpaymentlevelbarelyworththeeffort.Doesn’trewardenoughtochangefarmingpracticestoreducetillage.Smallerfarmer
sowasn'talotofdollarscomingoutoftheprogramtomakeitworthit• Theapplicationprocesshasbecomeeasierovertheyearsbutisstillverytimeconsumingfortheamountpaidforthereports.• thecarboncreditsarenotworththetime&efforttocollectthem.• thereistoomuchpaperworkforthecompensationreceivedandi believethethirdpartydoingtheapplicationmaybemakingmore
thantheproducerOnerouspaperwork,difficultforms,simplify• Bemoreuserfriendly• Cutdownpaperwork.Usecropinsuranceonly..• Difficulttoparticipate,forageshouldbeincluded,Chem fallowshouldbeincluded,protillnot!!!!!• Formsneedtobeeasiertoreadwithregardtoland• Havesomeonedoitforus.Theyaskforalotofinformationandpicturesofequipmenttoqualify• makeverificationslessonerous;makenetreturnsworththetimeforapplication• paperwork
SuggestionsforImprovementofConservationCroppingProtocol
120
• ParticipatingintheCarbonProgram.Itisanightmareandverytimeconsuminglandownersignatures.• ProbablyjustthecompanyIwasdealingwithbutseemedtoneedtoredotoomanyformsandphotos.Otherwisetheprogramwas
easytomakeapplicationfor.• Simplifyit• simplifytheprocess• Streamlineprocess.Reduceredundantinformationgathering.• Thepaperworkandtimerequiredtocompleteapplicationsalongwiththecommitmenttoconservationpracticesgivenextraordinary
circumstancesthatcomealonginthecourseofchangesinclimateorfieldconditionsmadeitnotworthwhileforouroperation. Thosefillingoutthepaperworkweremakingmorethanus.
Redundantinformationgatheringeachyear• beabletocarryequipmentforwardifnochanges.everyyearthepeopleinchargeappeartotrymakingitmoredifficulttoparticipate,
apparentlycreatingjobsecurityforthemselves• continuityfromyeartoyearwhentillageequipmenthasnotchanged• Don'tknowwhytheyneedtheserialnumberofftheairseedereveryyearifitthesameastheyearbefore• Equipmentshouldstayonfileandifthereisnochangesinequipmentthanwejustfillinacresandgoodtogo• Keepaskingforalotofsameinformationyearafteryeardrillspecksetc.• relaxtherequirementsforphotosofnh3andseedingequipmenteveryyear.IfthereisonephotoonfileandIsignoffthatthereisno
changethenthatshouldbesufficienttoestablishtheequipmentstillqualifies
SuggestionsforImprovementofConservationCroppingProtocol
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• Thegovernmentwantsproofofequipmentweatheritwasthesamelastyearornot.Minestaysthesame.• tomuchredundantpaperwork• Wekeepgettinge-mailstosubmitinformationalreadyrequested&submitted,plusit'sannoyingthatwe'recontinuallyaskedfor land
ownerssignatureswhenwegotthemtosigninpreviousyears.Inawetyearmoretillageisrequired• 2017wasverywetforseeding.Thereforeseedingconcludestosomesurface/structuredamage.Needmoreroomfortillage• Duetoextremewetconditionsmoretillagewasrequiredtofillinrutsinfieldsandtoblackensoilsowoulddryandwarmupforspring
plantingsomyopenerswheretowideanddisturbedtomuchsoil• Shouldallowmoretillageinwetyears.Manyfieldshaveextensiverutsandweedissuestorepair.Landlordagreementsareahurdle• gettinglandlordagreementssignedaretheonlyproblem• havingthelandownersignoffonthecarboncreditsispointless.Theycan'tcollectanycarboncredits.AndassoonastheythinkIam
gettingany"free"money,theywanttoraisetherent.ItisforthisveryreasonthatIrefusetoevenmentiontheprogramtoabouthalfmylandlords
• Ifinditdifficultandrimeconsumingtogetlandlordssignatures,andthenisapresumptionbythemthattheyshouldshareinthereturn
• Itisalotofhassletogetsignaturesfromlandlords• landlordssignatures- shouldnotneedthisaggregators- keeping1/3ormoreofmoney• toolongagotorememberbutdorememberit'snotworththehasslewithrentedland
SuggestionsforImprovementofConservationCroppingProtocol
122
Workingwell,fineasitis• Allgood• itisprogressingwell• Itworksgreatasis• Justkeepitrunning!• Notreallyexperiencinganyproblems• Theprogramworkswellnotsurewhywehavetotakepicturesofourequipmenteveryyearevenwhenit’sthesame.Noteffective,wasteoftime,don’tagreewithcarboncredits• Idon'tagreewiththecarbonprogram.Goodfarmingpracticesshouldbeprofitablewithoutsubsidies.• Ireallydon'tbelieveinthewholecapandtradenonsense...nobody...nobodyatallinthisareachangedhowwefarm(singlepassdirect
seeding),sonothingchanges,andwegetpaid??...itsjusttransferofwealth...nothingmore• ItseemslikeawasteoftimeformeandtheGovt.Ithasnoimpactonthedecisionmakingonmyfarm.awasteoftime.• NosuggestionsWasteoftimeandresourcesAccomplishesnothingOther• Isoldcarboncreditsviaa3rdpartycompanythattakescareofthataspect.Perhapsinformationcouldbemoreavailabletoproducers
astowhatthereoptionsare.Ibelievefarmersingeneraldon'tgolookingforinformationontheprogram.Theyjusttakeit as itcomes.• Ithinkfarmersingeneralusepracticesthatarebestformaximizingproduction.Carboncreditprogramsarejustaweebonus forother
companiesthatneedoffsets.
SuggestionsforImprovementofConservationCroppingProtocol
123
• I’mnottooknowledgeableabouttheprogramasacropinputproviderdidthepaperworkforme.• Myanswersmaynotbequitetheanswersrequested.TheQuestionis."WhatisConservationCropping"?Ihaveseededallofmy
acresthroughDirect-One-Pass-Seedingfor20plusyears.• neededmorehelpandinfointheearlydaysofprogram• Needsmoreconsistency,lesschanges,morecertainty/stability.• Rainmakesgrain!Justbecausethelanddoesnotblowanymoredoesnotmeanithasnotbeendrierthanthe30’s• takesalongtimetogetthemoney• Usfarmersusesolarenergytogrowcrops,dryingcrops,weshouldbepaidforeverybushelandeverypoundofmeatweproduce.But
theflipsideweasCanadiansdon’thaveanyimpactontheworldspollutingproblems.Weneedcarbondioxideforourplantstogrow• Youneverknowthemarketprice
ReasonsforNotParticipatinginConservationTillageProtocol– “Otherspecify”
124
Other• Aggregatordidnotreturnemailorcalls• Doesnottakeotherchangesinpracticeintoconsideration,onlypre-existingpractices.Rewardsanexistingpracticebutnoother
evolvingchanges• havenotresearchedintoit• notallofthelandisgoodfornotill.Havetospraymorethen.Youhavetoworkinthemanure• talkwithpeopleatthefarmshowandtheredidn'twanttotalkwithsomeonewithonly800acres• Wehaveparticipatedinthepast• Wewillusetillagewhennecessaryandgrowsomecropswherewecannotusezerotill
GF2– SuggestionsforImprovement
125
Simplify,lesspaperwork• Formsmadealittleclearer• Keeptheapplicationformsassimpleandstraightforwardaspossible• Keepthepaperworktoaminimumandgetthematerials/approvalprocessasfastaspossible.Manyifnotallprojectsaretime
sensitive.• lesspaperworkandeasierapplications• lesspaperwork• Needtostreamlinetheappprocess• simplifyapplicationsandtiming• ToomuchpaperworkMoreinformation,clearerdefinitionsandterms• Abitmoredetailwhenadvertising.• Makedefinitionsclearer-highpressurevslowpressure.AlsoextrafundingforVRIwouldbevaluable.• Morespecificdefinitions.Ididn'trealizesomeofourpivotswereconsideredhighpressure,andlostoutonsomefunding.Increasethemaximumlimit,coverahigherpercentage• Augmenttheallowablemaximumlimitforprojects.Irrigationequipmentandmaterialshaveincreasedincost.• Itwouldbeniceifthewatermanagementhadbeena50%program.Howeverbecauseitwasavailablewedecommissionedtwopit
wellsandduganewwell.Itwaswellworththeeffort.
GF2– SuggestionsforImprovement
126
Makemoreaccessibleandrelevantforsmallerfarms• alwaysseemtofocusonlargefarmswithlotsofhelp,labour.• Thebasicprogramsareokjustdon'tmakethemtoodifficultforthesmalltomediumsizedfarmers.Wherethemostchangecould
occur.Morefundingforoversubscribedprograms• ContinuationornewfundsforofsomeoftheprogramsthatgotoversubscribedinGF2• Werecentlyappliedforenergyefficiencymanagement,butwereturnedawayasprogramhasrunoutoffunds.Programfavours
thosewithexpendablecash.Improvespeedofprocessing• extremelyslowtoprocessapplicationsNeedstoBemoretimely• fasterturnaroundonapplications• sometimestakestolongtoknowifanymoneywillbeleftsoyoucandoproject.Timingofapprovalversusundertakingtheprojectandspendingthemoney• Iambuildingafarmshopusinghighefficiencylights,insulation,windows,heatingetc.Ispentconsiderableextramoneyfor
construction.Thenwastoldtheprogramwasoutofmoney.Iamwaitingfornewfundingfornewprogramfundingbuthaveheardnothingyet.
• Idonotthinkthatfullapprovalbeforestartingisuseful.Maybemoreaccountabilitywouldbebetter..AlsoImissedadeadlineonetime..notgood.
GF2– SuggestionsforImprovement
127
Specificprogramsuggestions- typesofprojects,itemscovered• moreoptionsnotmuchfornewbuildings• needtoexpanditemscoveredsuchasairexchangers• Thereshouldbeacomponentinplacewheretherewouldbecreditavailableforupgradingbusinessmanagementcourseswhichwill
allowtheproducertomanagehisoperationmoreefficiently.Weconcentratesomuchontheexternalfactorsthatquiteoftentheinternalandmostoftenthemostimportantparts,beingbusinessmanagementaspectsareignoredorforgotten.OtherprovincessubsidizetheseandIfeelAlbertashouldaswell
Other• Ithinkthereissomeabuseofthesystem,whichisdisappointing.• Nospecificinput.Itwaseasytoparticipatein.• Ratesarenotsetbytheretailerbutbythedistributor.theapplicationspecificallyasksforverificationfromtheretailer. The
perceptionisthattheAgadministratorsdon'tunderstandthesystem.• stopchangingtheprocesstoqualify.• werentalotoflandandiftitleisnotinournamewedon'tqualifyeventhoughwearestillupgradingsystems.verycumbersomefor
usandlandlordtodoalltheworkinlandlordsnameandthenhavetosortoutcostsafterthefact• Wouldbeniceiftheprogramrewardedearlyadoptersofthesetechnologies.Seemsthatsooftentheseprogramsrewardthe
followers,notthepioneers.Manyofthequalifyingprojectsweredoneonthisfarm5-10Year’sbeforeanyonethoughtofpublicfunding....retroactivecompensationwouldbenice.
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
128
Covermoreofthecost,realisticcaps• Alotofthisstuffdoesnotworkinallareas.Thanitstillcoststomuch.• Clearerestimatesofoverallcosts.• Costshareportionbygovernmentshouldnotbejustapercentage,butshouldbesettoensurethatthereisareturnoninvestmentbythe
producer• covermoreofthecost• Doesn'tmatterhowmuchcostsharingifthereisstillacost.Ifyoudon'thavethemoneynowayyouareparticipating.• Don'tknowthedetailswellenoughtocomment.Fundinglevelsseemacceptablebutdependingontotalprojectmightstillbetoomuchofarisk.• don'tlimittheprogramtosmallamounts,alargerfarmmayqualifyononefieldbutmightbeinterestedinupgradingmultiplelocationinoneyear
butthendoesn'tqualifyforfunding• farmersneedmorefortheirproductstobeabletoafford• Fund100%!!• generallycoveringthe50-70%percentisastretchandinsomecasestheamountissuchasmallportionofthecostithasmadeadoption
prohibitive• Governmentcanpayalargershare.• Haveaplanlayoutandapplyformorefundingtodomorecostsharing.• HighercostshareforslowerROIprojects• Iftheprogramboastsapercentageofthecostshared,itshouldnotbecappedtoadollarlimit.Oneortheotherbutnotboth
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
129
• Iftheywantsomethingdoneforthegoodofeveryone,payforit.• Increasecostsharingto80%andaddtaxincentives.• Increasedincentivesfortheenergyefficiencyandphotovoltaicprogramswouldmakeitmorefeasibletoimplement.Someofthose
technologiestakequiteawhiletopaythemselvesoff• Ithastobeaffordabletowork.• Manyoftheimprovementsarestilltooexpensiveat50%,needtobe70to75%.• maximumneedstoberaised• Morefunding.ThecountyI'minsubmitstheapplicationforfundsfortheconstituent.Perhapsifpeopleweremademoreaware of the
programstheywouldpursueitmore• moremoneyforparticipant• Moremoneyfortheprogramsandawareness.• Placearealisticcaponindividual/corporationeligibility• Projectsofanykindarejustgettingveryexpensivethegovt maycoversomeofthecostbutthebalancecanbesohigh• Raisethecaps• thebenefitsarenotsufficienttooutweightinvestment• Thecapshouldbehigher,sothatwecangetthebestqualityofequipmentavailable• Theproducershouldhavetoputinlesstheprogramdoestomakeitmoreofanincentiveforpeopletohavetofilloutalltheforms
thegowiththeprogram
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
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Needmoreinformation,clearerinformation,assistance,advice• Advertisemore• Clearerinformationpriortoapplicationonwhatexpensesareeligible• Developteamsofpeopletogooutanddocompleteorpartialauditsoffarmssothatbothpartiesknowthebestdirectiontogoin• educationforfarmers• Evolvementfromthegovernmentsidesetoutsimplyandplainlybeforethestartoftheprogram.• Helpcompletingapplicationsandplanning• Ihaven’theardofanyoftheprogramssoadvertisingmightneedtoberampedup• Increaseawarenessandamountsavailable• Informationregardingtheavailabilityoftheprogramsandwhentoapply.• letproducersknowaboutprograms• Makingusmoreawareofwhat'soutthere• Moreeducation• Moreinformationaboutprogramsandassistanceforproducers!• moreinformativeaboutprograms• morepublicityabouttheprogramwouldhelp• notenoughinformationonwhatqualifies
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
131
Suppliersinflatecosts• Assoonasthecompanyfindsoutyouwanttousegrowingforward,thecostsgoup30to50%• Ifeelthatsuppliersraisethecostsimplybecausethegovernmentisfootingthebill.• Theyraisethepriceequivalenttothegov'tsubsidyandtheymaketwiceasmuchmakingit.Waytocostly!!!Wouldratherreceivetaxcredit• BasicallyIthinkthesegranttypeofprogramsareunfairbecausenoteveryonecantakeadvantageofthem.Iwouldratherreceivea
taxcreditforimplementingsomeofthesemeasures.• shouldincludesometaxincentives• Taxablesavingsareanincentive.IdonotbelieveGovernmentsshouldbeinthebusinessofgrantingdollarstopromoteprograms.I
believethatprivatebusinessinvestmentshouldbeencouragedthroughtaxablesavingprograms.Thiswouldencouragemoretargetedprojectsthathaverealeffectivebusinessplans.
Beretroactive,differenttimingofbudgeting,notimetowaitforapprovals• Beretroactiveifwehavealreadybeenproactiveinintroduction.• Ididnotliketheideaofhavingtoshowthewholebudgetbeforeyougetaccepted.Sometimesdealscomeupandyoucansavemoney
foryouandtheproject.• Ihavedoneprojectsthatwouldqualify.SomeIdidnotknowfundingwasavailableandthereisnoretroactiveapplications. Andother
timesIjustcan'taffordthetimetodotheapplicationsandthenwaitforapproval
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
132
• MakeitretroactiveonlargepurchaseslikeanairdrillorselfpropelledsprayerwithGPSsectionalcontrol.Variablerateetc...Sometimesfarmsgetcaughtupinthepurchaseofthesebigticketitemsandforgettheymaybeeligibleforsomecostsharing.
• Providemorefunding.IchangedallmyyardlightsovertoLEDlightingandIwasdeniedfundingafterworkwascompletedb/ctheprogramwasoutoffundsandIcompletedtheprojectwithoutpriorapproval.
• ThatifyouhavespentthemoneyyoushouldbeabletogettheMaxofthecostbacknothavetogothoughallpreapps.• Tooexpensiveaninvestmenttobeabletowaitforgovt participation-especiallyifonedoesnotqualify-notwillingtoriskthatkindof
investment• toolongatimebeforeyougetthemoney.shouldapplyandgetthemoneyfirstthengettheprojectespeciallyinthepastyearandthis
yearwhenmajorityofcropsweresnowedunderandcropinsuranceisnothelping.• Whenyouneedanewwellitsnotaprioritytohaveabureaucratokit.Broadenitemscovered,lessrestrictions• broadenitemscovered.Laborismainissue• lessrestrictionsontheproject• widerscopeofprojectsthatcanbeapproved/Qualifyundertheprogram• Windowsanddoorsinhouse
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
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Disagreewithprograms• broadenitemscovered.Laborismainissue• lessrestrictionsontheproject• widerscopeofprojectsthatcanbeapproved/Qualifyundertheprogram• Deregulation......keepgovernmentsmall• Doawaywithprogram• Letpeoplekeeptheirownmoneyandinvestinthingstheywant• Removeallcostsharing.Itisabusedandnotnecessary.• Tobesustainable,theyshouldnothavetobesubsidizedatall.Havemoremoneyintheprogram,allocatefundsbetter• Don'trunoutofmoney• Fundsshouldbere-allocatedfromlowdemandareastohighdemandareas.• lotsoftimesmoneyfortheseprojectsrunsoutbeforeyoucangetapproved.• Mostprogramsrunoutofmoneywithindaysofopening.• Programfundsranoutbeforeallwhoappliedcoulduseit.Thereneedstobemoreflexibilitytoallowtransferoffundsfrom under-
subscribedtoover-subscribedprograms• Thegovt iscuttingbackinsomanyareassothisprogramshouldbebetterfundediftheytrulybelievedinit
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
134
Paperworkorrequirementscumbersome,redtape,complicated• Clarityandeffectiveness/costbenefit• formsfartoocumbersomeprogramisoutofmoneywhenyou
apply• Foundtheprogramstobecumbersomeinthepastand
sometimeitseemsthegovernmentismoreinterestedinfindingswaysyoudon'tqualifyratherthanencouragingparticipation.
• IhavefoundGrowingForwardprogramsinvolveanincredibleamountofredtapeThereforeIquitlookingatitLessredtapeplease
• Keepitsimple• lesspaperwork• Makeitasuserfriendlyaspossible• Makeiteasiertoaccessprograms
• Maketheapplicationprocesseasier• Makethemsimple• Overlycomplicatedprocess• Projectformsshouldallbeelectronicwithabilitytocheckon
status.Shouldbeabletostarttheprojectbeforepaperworkisreturnedaslongasallrequirementsaremet.
• Removeallthebureaucraticlanguagefromapplicationsandmaketheprogramsaccessibletofarmerswithouthavingtohireaccountantsorlawyerstointerprettheforms.
• seemsbitmuchhassleandlongprocess• Simplicity• Simplifyeverythingaboutalltheprograms.• Simplifytheprocess.
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
135
Seemstargetedatlargerfarms,doesn'tworkeverywhere• I feeltheprogramsaregenerallyforthewellofffarmerse.g.Idonothave$200,000forasolargridalthoughitmightbeagoodidea.I
alsofindthattheprogramsrequirethatubuybrandnewequipmentwhichthelargefarmerscanbuyandI endupbuyingthereusedequipment.wealsoappliedtobuyastocktrailerbutthefundsweregonethesamemorningtheAlbertagovernmentshouldnotbebuyingtrailersforthefarmers
• interestedinirrigationprojectswhichwouldaccommodatesmallindividualfarmsondrylandprojects.• Maybeitbenefitsthelargefarmmore.Shouldbemoreincentiveforthesmallertomediumfarms.• programsonlyforlargeproducers• Shouldbedependentontypeofprojectandtypeoffarm,coloniesshouldbeexcluded.Other• Consistencyintheapplicationprocess,stopchangingwitheverynewprogram• D8ntchangeamountspartwaythroughprogram.• Fasterreimbursement• Increasecarboncreditlevel• Infrastructure(base,stands,etc.)formysolarprojectwasnotcoveredwhichwasalargeportionoftheprojectplusmyruralcounty- is
notsupportiveofsolarprojects.Alsothemajorityofmypowerbillisnotofthepowerused,it’salltheextrafeesaddedonsoswitchingtosolarpowerandstayingongridIstillhavebigpowerbillsevenifI’mnotusingpower.
SuggestedImprovementstoCost-SharingAspectofGF2Programs
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• Insideofpayingconsultantsandredtapepaydirecttofarmerwhoismakingtheactualinvestment• Moreprograms• PayingthecostofastocktrailersupposedlyforBiosecurityisjustplaintheft.Goodaccountant,goodwindfall,• shouldbeconsideredwithcostjustification• Someoftheprogramsdon'tmakesense.I.e.solarisexpensiveamaynotprovidegoodROI.Sundoesn'tshineatnight.Nostorage.Still
needfullbackupifpower.Waterworksbest.• Thegovernmentshouldallowproducerstoinstallequipmentthemselves,bythetimeathirdpartyinstallsitmostofthefunding is
usedup.• Therulesaboutlabour costsbyparticipantshouldbeincluded.Itwasincludedinthefueltankprogrambutnotthewater
management• Waterwells,andsomedecommissionofwells
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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Lesstillage/moredirectseeding• Buyinganotillairdrill.• Ihaveadoptednotilltoimprovesoilandsavetimeandfuel.Othersmaybetooexpensiveforthesizeofmyfarm.Ie sectionalcontrol
etc.• MinimaltillUseGPStechnology• Reducedtillage.Responsiblemanagementofpesticidesandfertilizers• zero/minimumtillagesystemsVariablerateapplicationoffertilizer(GPSorsensorbased)• Continuedworkonmakingprecisionsprayingandseedingmoreefficientin• GPSbasedratecontrol,autoboomcontrol,autosteer,mappinganddatastorage• GPSforfertilizerapplicationandseedingspraying.Trytofarmthesmalllowspotsinsteadofgoingaroundthem.Powerlessaeration
bins.• greenseeker• Possiblyvariableratetechnologies.• Sprayersthattargetweedssowecanstopblanketspraying,theylookjustaheadofsprayerandturnnozzlesonwhenweedsare
detected• Variableratefertilizer
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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• VariableratefertilizingSectionalcontrolforfertilizerStabilizedNitrogensources• Variablerateseeding/fertilizing&spraying.GPSSectionalcontrol.Enhancedsoiltesting.Grainstorageupgrades,I.e.Biggerbinswith
hoppersorcentralloadout.Intercropping.• VRandsectionalseedingequipment• WearetryingoutvariableratefertilizeronsomeofourlandBettermanagementofon-farmwatersupply,drainage,wetlandsmanagement• Landqualitydrainageoflandwithsalinityissues(surfacewaterbringingupsalts)• RiparianprojectcouldbedoneonmyfarmIthinkfencingisatleast$7000.00amile• seedgrasslookafterwater• waterharvestingandwetlandbuilding• Watermanagement• watermanagement,GPStechnology,fertilizerplacementOn-farmsolarpower,solarpanels• Amconsideringinstallingsolarpanels• Consideringsolarpanels• Iwouldlikesolarorwindpowerandbeabletosellelectricitybacktothecompany.• solarenergygridconnected
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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• Solarenergy,energymanagement,nutrientutilization• solarpower• Solarpower,sectionalcontrolsonseeddrill,pesticidecontainerdisposal• Solarpower,GPSguidance• Solarpower.Safefuelstorage.• Solarvoltaicinstallation.Perhapsthenitratecaptureincentiveoncemoreinformationisreleased.• Solar,splitapplicationsforfertility,waterstorage,grass/cloverbordersonfields,landscapespecificmicronutrient/macronutrients
application.• Thinkingaboutsolarpower.Tryingtouselesspesticidesherbicidesetc.• Wanttoputsolarpanelsandgeothermalheating.Betteron-farmenergymanagement• energyefficiency.• energyefficient,waterprojectsrelatedtolivestock,biosecurity• energyefficient• Energysavingtechnology.• Implementationofhighefficiencylights,heating,andinsulationtoafarmshop.• Installedledyardlightsforreducedenergyuseandgreatersafetyandsecurity.
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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• LEDlightinginyardandshop.ExpandingmysolarPVsystem.IncreasingmyuseofESNvsurea.Reducingoreliminatingpesticide use.FoliarinsecticidesmustbeeliminatedReducedieselfuelconsumption
• LEDlighting.Lessuseofgridservices(electricgasinternet)• lookingatledconversiononthefixturesonourfarm.AlsotheuseofmoreWirelesstechnologytobeabletoremotemonitordifferent
aspectsoftheoperationsowearenotdrivingaroundalloverphysicallycheckingthings• Makingexistingbuildingsmoreenergyefficient,highefficiencygraindryers,• Moreenergyefficient• PowerandwaterupgradesImprovedfertilizertechnologies,practices,equipment• Adaptingsomeformoffundingtooffsettheextracostofnitrogenproductsthatallowfornitrogentobeplacedandutilized as
needed,i.e.ESNetc.• Amendmentsthatcanbeaddedtosoilsoitcanpreformbetter,programtoleavetreesinthefields,tomanyarebetakenout• Alreadyusesomesectionalcontrolmachines.WouldbehelpfultohavehelpwithslowreleaseNas thatclaimstohavelessleaching
thanurea• Liquidfertilizer,sectionalcontrolforseedingandfertilizerplacement.• moreefficientuseoffertilizer• nitrousoxidereductions• Upgradingnitrogenapplicationequipment.
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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Improvedpesticidetechnologies,practices,equipment• biologicalcontroloptions-methodsforcropproduction• Exactapplyspraytipssectionalcontrolvariablerateapplications• glutenfree,properchemicaluse,generationofaproperchemicaldisposallocationforextrachem fromsprayingoperations• hiringmysprayingdonewithamoreefficientsprayer.• Individualtipcontrolsprayernozzles• lowdriftsprayingequipmentvariableratetechnologynotillseedingequipmentImprovedwastemanagement(e.g.plastic,oil,etc.)• ImprovedprovincewidecollectionssystemforrecyclingonFarmplastics.Baletwine,silageplastic,netwrap,plasticoilcontainers.An
onFarmbinsystem.• RecyclegrainbagsMoreefficientirrigationsystems,solar,variablerate• addingsolarsystemstoirrigationsites,upgradingirrigationsystemstobemoreefficient.investmentinVRtechnology,investmentin
moreefficientgrainaerationandpotatoventilationtechnology• ChangefromcentrifugaltoturbinepumpssothatwecanuseVariablefrequencydrivesandsaveenergycostsofpumping.• includesubsurfaceirrigationintheirrigationefficiencyprogram
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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• irrigation• Irrigationefficiencyenhancementprojects• Irrigationenergycost• Irritationchanges• Somesolarwateringsystemsonourfarm• VRIirrigationSprayingtechnologyBetteruseofGPSdatasuchasyield,soil,as-applied,topography,etc.(datamanagement,use,analysis,storage)RTKbaselineGPS,dataloggingandanalyzing,limingtoincreasesoilphEmissionsmodificationstoequipment,orusemodernequipment,reducefuelconsumption• Anyequipmentthatwouldreducecarbonimprintonmyfarm...i.e.higherefficiencymotors,newerequipmentthathasloweremissions• InmyfarmingoperationIamtryingtokeepmodernequipmenttoreduceemissions,Iworkwithneighbouring cattlefarmerstospread
manureonmylandtoreducefertilizer,Ileavewetland/forestareasaround/withinmyfieldsforwildlife• moreefficientequipment• offsetsforthecostoftier4emissionsonnewunitsorsomeformofdirecttaxrebatesorcreditsforextracoststoagtorecoversomeof
thecostsincurredbyustopurchasemachinestomeetCaliforniastandardsnotusedelsewhereintheworld,whichplacesus at ahugedisadvantagetoothercountriesandagproducers.
• thepurchasingoftierfourengines
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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Improvedseedingtechnology• AddingcoulterstomyairdrilltoincreasetoughresiduehandlingsituationssoIcansellmystupidheavyharrows.• Improvingcropseedingequipment• Upgradeseedingtooltoreducedisturbance.• Wearechangingourseedingtoolandcombineheader.Thiswillmakeourfarmmorefuelefficientandleavemorestubbleontheland
topreventerosion.Thesechangesshouldbepartiallyfundedbythegovernment.Improvedormoreefficientgrainandpesticidestorage,dryingandaerationtechnology• GrainDryingEquipment,• Iwouldliketoupgrademygraindryertouselessfuelandlessoperationalcoststome.Itwouldsavemesomecarbontaxonthe
propanethatIusefordryinggrain.• purchasegraindrierandelectricalgeneratorforbinyard• updateburnerongraindryerformoreefficientenergyuseusingmorefoliarfertilizerSectionalcontrols,autosteer,GPS-relatedimprovements• Anythingthatshowsapositivereturnoninvestment.SectionalControlZerotillDrainingsloughsandwetlands• Autosteer,variableratecontrol• Consideringsectionalcontrolfordrilltoeliminatefertilizeroverlap• GPSinstallationonequipment
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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• GPSrelatedstuff• IwouldliketoadoptGPSandsectionalcontrolonmyairseeder,butthecostisprohibitiveforasmall-mediumsizedoperationlike
mine.• removalofsmallbrushpatchesandwaterdrainswhichcausedeviationsinthestraightlineGPSfarmingpatterns.Thisallowsreduced
overlapandlessturningandduplicationaroundobstacles.Needbetter(cheaper)technologytoallowelevationcontrolwhendrainingwaterholes.
• Sectionalcontrol• Sectionalcontrolandvariableratetechnologyforseedingandsprayingequipment• sectionalcontrolofinputs,yieldmappingtouseforinputapplication,aerial/satelliteimaging,dronescoutingtechnology• SectionalcontrolonAirDrills,Pesticidestorage,MoreenergyefficientGrainDryers,Fuelstorage,Solarpowersystems,On-farm
Chemicalhandling,WaterManagement• Sectionalcontrolonairseeder.Newcombines.Replaceequipmentasneeded.• sectionalcontrolonseeddrills• SectionalcontrolonsprayersandseedersLEDlightingonbuildings• Sectionalcontrolseeding• Sectionalcontrolseeding,fertilizerandCPPproducts,andtimedfertilizerapplicationstomidigateoverapplications
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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• Sectionalcontrolseeding,prescriptionfarming• SectionalNH3• UpgradingtoasprayerwithGPSsectionalboomcontrolImprovedharvestingequipment,improvedharvestpractices• Consideringupdatingthecombinesandpartofthepotentialbenefitisstrawmanagement...incentivestoadoptnewharvesting
equipmentwouldbebeneficialwithenvironmentalbenefits.• Straightcuttingratherthenswathingandthenharvesting.Fuelstorage• Differentfuelstorage• fueltankRotations,differentcrops,organic• Betterrotations.• I'mtransitioningtoorganicproduction• Wearetransitioningtoorganic/regenerativefarmingbutthedecreaseinincomeforayearortwohurts.Aswellsomecostsharingfor
specificequipmentwouldhelp.
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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Livestockrelated• Bettercattlehandlingfacility,GPSguidedequipment,zerotillifgrounddriesup• calvingfacilities,improvingwaterqualityfromdugouts• Cattlehandlingequipment• Consideringchangingmywateringpracticesinpasturesforcattle.Alsoconsideringchem,fuelandusedoilstorage• Corrals• Diggingsomedugouts• fundingtohelpputsolarpumpsandwatertroughstokeeplivestockawayfromwaterdugoutsandsloughs• Livestockhandlingfacilities.Conservationtillage.• possiblyanosepumpforwinterwatering• raisinghogsoutside• Wehavemadechangesinourfarmingpracticesandequipmentthataremoreefficient,suchaszerotill,straightcombining,sectional
controlonseedingandsprayingequipment,manureapplication,andreturnofusedchemicalcontainersandusedoil.
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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Other• ChangingthewayIdothingsonthefarmtobemoreaffective.• cropinsuranceshouldonlybeavailableeveryfourthyearoncanolagrowingonanyparticularfield• dependsonourfunds• don'twantanyfunding,Growingforwardhasbecomeaprogramthatsupportsasecondaryindustrythatprovidesnosupporttoag
industry• EnvironmentalFarmPlan• Environmentalsustainabilityisaverybroadtermtotospeakon.• expandingthesizeofequipment• Farmershavealwaysbeengoodstewardsofourland.Werealizethatitisimportantforthesustainabilityofourfarmsthatwemust
adapttoourchangingenvironment.Governmentsarejuststartingtounderstandthis.Farmersarewayoutinfrontonthisand wedon'tneedGovernmenttellingushowtodothis.WehavemadetheinvestmentsonourfarmstoadaptwithoutGovernmentincentives.Myadvice,wedon'tneedyourhelp.Wearealreadydoingit.
• Governmentsupportshouldnotberequiredtodothesustainablething.Educationshouldbetheextentoftheircontributiontosustainability.
• Ifindconventionaltillageconservesmoreenergythananythingelseandproducesmoreforless• Ineedtoupgradeallmyequipment!
Pleasedescribeanychangesthatyouaremakingorconsideringonyourfarm,orpractices,technologiesorequipmentyoumightadopt,thatyouthinkwouldbegoodcandidatesforthiskindofsupportandfunding.
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• Iwillfundmyownchangesinpracticesbasedonmarketdecisionsandrealworldreturnsnotonsomebureaucrat’sdecisiontospendmoneyonsomequestionableoruneconomicpractice.IfitmakessenseIwilldoitonmyown.
• Keepingbadweedsdown,maintainexistingnaturalhabitatfertilizermanagement• Moreguvfunding• Newtechnology• Numericacidtrials• Promotingagriculturaleducationtotheyoungerpopulation.Maybeeveneducationcoursesforallagesinagriculture.• thewayIfarm• time• TiredofridiculousprogramsputonthroughAlbertaagriculturereps!Theyarebehindthetimesandredundantandtiredofpaying
theirwagesjustlikeAlbertabeefproducers!Getyourhandsoutofourpockets-wepaywaytoomuchtaxandfollowtoomanyprogramsasitis
• Wearealwayslookingforwaystobemorecosteffective,betterstewardsoftheland,efficientinbothcropandcattleproduction.• WehavebisonandanythingthataddssafetytostaffandanimalswhenhandlingProperfacilitiesmakesahugedifferenceforusthe
programmovedustocompletealotfencingandupgradesallthroughthefeedlot• westrivetobeenvironmentallyfriendlyalwaysandthrowingmoneyatwillnotnecessarilyhelp• Willberetiring
Aided– PracticesorTechnologiesInterestedinAdopting– “Otherspecify”
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Other• Drainmoresloughsandgetridofextremenumbersofwaterfowl• FarmSafetyCattleHandling• Improvetillagetechniquetoenrichlandseedbase- removehardpanlayer.• MoreefficientGrainDryers• Trees• windpower,
BarrierstoAdoptingPractices– “Otherspecify”
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• Goodinformationthatverifiesresults• Governmentregulation• Governmentregulationsregardingdrainage• Highclearancesprayersmakeitsomewhateasier• internationalmarket• longtimeeffect• Manyofourfamilymembersarenotexpertsinthetechnology
areaandthatcombinedwiththecostofbuyingtheequipmentandthetechnologywouldresultinalossoftimeandmoney.
• marketingofothernitrogen-fixingcrops• Theabilitytopickgoodproducts,andnotgood• beingchargedcarbontax• discretionarytillage• Efficiency• IdonotuseorplantoincorporateGMOplants
• Ihavealreadyinvestedinandimplementednearlyallofthematmyownexpense.Iftheymakesensemanagerswilldoitthemselves.Quittaxingusandletusdoit!
• Isthetechnologyreliable• Moreefficient• Shortgrowingseason,notenoughglobalwarmingyet• Shortseasoninthenorth• TheIndiatariffsonPeasandourinabilitytogrowsoybeansin
Alberta• Togetpowercompanytopayonoverproducts
Forthepracticesthatyouwanttoadopt,whattypesofsupportareneeded?”OtherSpecify”
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• centralizedsupporttoaccessprogram,timesaving• erosioncontrol(water,runoff)support• Landleases• Landsubsidy• Lessregulations• limitcropinsuranceontightcroprotations• rebatesthatareeasytoapplyforwithamaximumsobigfarms
don'tuseupallavailablefunding• researchintonewproductsandinnovations
FinalComments
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KeepitSimple• Advertisingorprovidingupdatesregardingtheprogramsto
producerswhocanqualifyfortheprogramsbutdon'tnecessarilygetoutofthedailygrindoffarmingtobemadeawareoftheprograms.
• Easeofuse,flexibility,andPRACTICALITY• Keepgovernmentprogramssimpleandeasytoparticipate.• Keepitsimple(5)• keepthemsimpleandinformative• KEEPTHINGSSIMPLEANDEASYFORFARMERSTODOAND
UNDERSTAND.• Makeitcleanandcrisp,andactuallyhappen,notlotspromises(
lookslikelotsfreemoneytononfarmers)thenpilesredtapeandminorcashattheend.
• programmingshouldbesimpletounderstand,relevanttomixedfarmingoperations.
• Simplifytheprocess• Tomakeiteasytouse.
Awareness,promotion• getnewinfoouttome• moreinformation• Pleasegettheinformationoutinatimelymatter.Oftenwedon't
knowabouttheprogramsavailableastheyseemtogetoutwhenit'sthebusiesttimesoftheyear.
• Requireincreasedcommunicationwithfarmers.• Wedonothearaboutprogramsbeforetheyareexpired-ie
differentcommunication
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Don’tlikefundingprograms• Donottradeitforanything.Iwouldprefermorefreedomtogettingafewdollarsforprojectswhichdonotmakeanysensewithout
governmentfunding.• Goodfarmingpracticesareabenefit,bothenvironmentallyandfinanciallyanddon'tneedtobesubsidized.• IhaveverylittlefaiththatanythingteamAlbertacomesupwithwillbelistenedto,byourcurrentgovernmentinAlberta• Iwouldratheryouallquitcateringtogovernmentbureaucratsandtellthemtotakeawaythecarbontax,thefueltaxesandallother
manipulativetaxesandjusteducateusonbestpracticesandtrustustobegoodstewardsoftheenvironment.Idorealizethiswouldseriouslydecreasethecivilservicebuttheywouldsoonadjustandfindproductivejobs.
• Letusfarm,weknowwhat'sbestforourland.• Pleaseconcentrateyoureffortsonencouraginglessgovernmentinterferencewithfarming,notadditionalprogramswithassociated
restrictionsandregulations.• Thewholeideaofcarboncreditsisthegovernments'wayofincreasingtaxationwithoutmeaningfulenvironmentalresults.We livein
aglobaleconomy,marketourproductsglobally,andarepenalizedbyourgovernment,ensuringCanadianfarmersarenotcompetitive!
• Thesegroupsstealmoneyfromfarmersandhelpnoonethatneedsit!Wewantourmoneyback.Theyshouldrequiresignuptogetfunding!!!
• Tobeselfsustaining,theprogrammustbeofbenefittothegrower'soperationwithoutgovernmentfunding.• weshouldnotbeforcedtopayintotheseprogramsifgovernmentwantstheseprogramstheyshouldfundthemontheirown
FinalComments
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Positivereprograms• Costsharedfundinghasworkedverywellinthepast.Theadoptionofnewtechnologiesi.e.:GPSwasadefinitesuccessinpastGF
programming.Thiscanhappenagainwithtodaysnewtech.On-farmenergyefficiencyhashugepotential,moreefficientgraindryers,solarpower.OnFarmenvironmentalprojectssuchasFuelorPesticidestoragewouldbebeneficial.
• Good• Itisalwaysnicewhensomethingcanbedoneanditworksforeveryone• Keepofferingprograms• Keepupthefight• Twas fun............• Veryinterestinganditwillbenicetoseewhatthefutureholdsforallofus.Thankyou• WereceivedagrantfromGrowing.Forwardin2012underOnFarmFoodSafetyProducerProgrampurchasingaSilencerhydraulic
squeeze.Thishasbeenagreatassetforourcattleoperation.Specificprogramsuggestions• drainageprogramstocuresaltbuildup• IamaglutenfreefarmasIamhighlyallergictoglutenbasedprocessedproducts,anyhelpavailableformetofurtherthis cause• I'mexperimentingwithgreenmanuretechniquestoimprovethelandbasequality.• Makesureprogramsapplytosmallerfarmersi.e.thoseunder1000acres.• Morefunding/subsidies.Farmisbecomingveryhardtomakealiving,thecostofequipmentandinputsisridiculous.
FinalComments
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• needtohavelowerpricedGPSElevationequipmenttoaccommodatedrainage.Needtohavelowcostirrigationsystemstoutilizewatercollectedbydrainagesystemstoprovidewaterirrigationduringprolongeddryperiodsindrylandfarming.
• Notalllandisgoodfornotill.Neighbours whotrieditstoppedwithitagain.Yourlandwarmseasierwhenyoudoaspringtillandyoucanworkinyourfertilizer.Youalsoworkuptheearlyemergingweeds,soyoudon'thavetospray.Notillismostlymorespraying.Therewillbetimes,thatesp.sprayingwithRoundupwillbeforbidden
• PleaseensurethatgovernmentfriendlyfirmslikeKPMGandMNPdonohaveapplicationsloadedinthesystemreadytosubmitallatonce.ThishappenedwithBiodiversityprograms,whereeveryonethathadanylivestockgotanaluminumstocktrailerbecausethecriteriawaswellunderstoodandalltheearlyapplicationsfitthesamepatternandusedupthemoneyallocatedinthefirst grouping.
• Programstohelpproducersdealwithmanagementofincomingdiseaseslikeclubroot,blackleg,fusarium,andweedresistance.Alsolookatmulticroppingasawaytobuildsoilhealthandproductivity.
• Sectioncontrolonsprayernozzlewise,smallunitsonseedingequipmentareimportantasVR• Solarpowerwouldbemytoppriority- pleaselobbygovernmenttochangeregulationsregardingmicro-generationsothatwecan
generatemorethanweconsume!• Yieldmappingtechnology
FinalComments
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Taxincentivesratherthancost-sharing• Governmentprogramsleadtogovernmentbureaucracywhichishighlyinefficientandhasnegligibleeffects.Encouragepractices
thoughtaxincentivesbutquitspendingothertaxpayersmoneytogivetofarmerssotheycanfarmprograms.• Iwouldrathernothavegovernmentfundingorinvolvementasitwillrequirevastamountsofrecordkeeping,inspectionsandtimeto
justgetafewifanydollars(whichwillbetaxedback)andisviewedbythepublicasahandout.AsubstantivetaxcreditoninvestmentsrelatedtoGHG'sandenergyefficiencywouldbetheleastintrusiveintothefarmoperationsandprovidethemost benefittoencourageupgradingandinvestinginequipmentandtechnologytoimprovebestfarmingpractices.Taxincentivesprovidethefarmerthegreatestadvantagewiththeleastgovernmentinvolvement,isnotviewedasagovernmenthandout,isnotanexpenseonthegovernmentbudget,andencouragesupgradingequipmentandtechnologywhichisgreatfortheeconomy.
• Important:KeepGovernmentgrantingofmoney]outoftheplan.AsIstatedearlier,taxincentivesworkwell.Governmentgrantscreateinequalitiesinouragriculturecommunities.Wehaveseenthishappenforexampleingrantsforgrainstorageexpansion.Somefarmersreceivedgrantsandsomedidnotbecausethegrantdollarsfortheprogramranout.Governmentsshouldnotbeinthebusinessforgrantingmoneyforcapitalinvestments.Thatiswhattaxincentivesarefor.
Makeprogramsattainable,practical• Makesureprogramsarerealisticandattainableanddon’trestrictfarmingpracticessotheyaren’tviable• Programsneedtoworkforthemajorityofoperations.Theyshouldworkforthewayfarmsworkandnothavetochangemajorlyto
qualify
FinalComments
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Makeavailableandaccessibletoall• Willitbenefitthelargefarmersonly?Howaboutthingsforthesmall?• workforallproducersnotjustthespecialinterestgroupsOther• Agristability programhashelpedusalot• Canadianfarmerswanttoleadtheworldinnutrient-dense/superfoodproductionalongwithCanadianplantbreedersandcrop
nutritionists.• Cost• costofcarbonleviesonfarmnetreturn• GetBill6repealed• Herbicidecompanyloyaltyprogramsarenotinthebestinterestofenvironmentalconsiderations,herbicideresistanceconcernsor
overalllongtermsustainablygoalsandshouldbedoneawaywith.Thelowestpossiblepurchasepriceforperformancepesticidesisthebest"loyaltyprogram"available.Useit
• Ididnotknowthecommission'swereinchargeofthegovernmentmoney?Iaminaareathathasbeenforgottenabout.Ineed todriveatleast2hourstoameetingbuthavelivestocktotendtoeveryday.IhavenohelpandwithBill6,IguessIwillnevergetanymorehiredhelp.
• morehelpwithnewlawsextaxchangesbill6etc lobbymoreforproducerstostopandimprovesomeofthenewlegwearefacing
FinalComments
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• NAFTAandothertradeagreementsareveryimportanttobeabletomarketourcropsmorefreelyaroundtheworld.• Needaconsistentfundingforcropsresearchandbreeding.• Ourfarmismintillandisneededforourhighorganicpeatsoils• Overregulationkillsefficiency• Programhasneverfitme.TheywereeitheroutofmoneyorbythetimeareplywasavailabletheseasonIhadtodothejobhad
passedsoIjustboughtwhatIneededonmyown.• pulsedevelopment• ROIisdifficulttospreadoverfutureyearswhenIdon'thaveenoughcashtopayupfront.• takeintoconsiderationtheeconomicchallengesyoungproducersfaceinthistimewherelandpricesandequipmenthaveskyrocketed
andmanycurrentprogramstoaccessfundinghavenotchangedin10yearsandareessentiallypointlessintodayseconomicreality• Theconsiderationthatbestpracticesarenotuniversal;thatareasthathaveexperiencedexcessivemoistureforthelastthreeyears
arehavingtocopewithconditionsthatcausedustoreturntomoreconventionalmethodsfromwhatwewouldotherwise.• Theimpactofoveruseofchemicalsonourfood(sprayinguptofivetimes)hasyettobedetermined.No-tillisamyopicpracticethatis
championedandlobbiedbybigpharmawhichinturndirectsgovernments.• Thenotillideaworksgreatuntilyoumeetupwithweedresistanceandenduphavingtomakeatillagepasstoworkonendingthe
resistance.Thenofcourse,weaddintheconceptofdeeptillageandheavyharrowingandsuddenlythenotillidea/carboncreditprogramsseemalotliketheemperorsnewclothes.
• Thereneedstobeaccountabilityinusingtheseprogramsiftheyarepartialfundedbythegovt.• Togetgrainsoldfaster.Theworldisstarving.Sellthegrain.
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