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4/10/17 1 Teaching Science with Science Fiction Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1958, 1978) * Logan’s Run (1976) * Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977) * Transformers (1986, 2007) * Serenity (2005) * The Matrix (1999) * Core (2003) * Cocoon (1985) * Planet of the Apes (1968) * ET (1982) * The Abyss (1989) Why Use Science Fic-on to Teach Science? Allows students to experience advanced and abstract science topics such as mutaRons, radiaRon, ethics, and rocket science. Day of the Triffids (1981) Meteor shower mutates plant species, causing plants to move and become predacious. Good Science: Plants have limited moRon and some are carnivorous. Bad Science: A meteor shower doesn’t trigger harmful radiaRon; the shower would not be visible worldwide at the same Rme; the mutaRon would not affect all people/plants idenRcally; seawater would not dissolve life forms that have saline fluids inside. Lab Ac-vity: Examine carnivorous plants – Venus Fly Trap, Pitcher Plan, Sundew, Waterwheel Plant, Bladderwort, Bu]erwort. War of the Worlds (2005) Story of an invasion of the world by tripod fighRng machines, equipped with advanced weaponry. Provides a new avenue for learning and helps reverse negaRve a‘tudes toward science. Why Use Science Fic-on to Teach Science? Andromeda Strain (1971) Satellite crashes in town and most residents die; crystal life form, Andromeda, is responsible. Good Science: ScienRfic procedures used to isolate the disease, methods of determining size and vector (method of transfer) are accurate, biosafety procedures, human physiology, and portrayal of epilepRc seizures. Bad Science: Birds in town should be dead like everything else, decontaminaRon procedure wouldn’t have worked on Andromeda because radiaRon makes it grow.
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teaching science with science fiction · 2020. 2. 29. · 4/10/17 1 Teaching Science with Science Fiction ! Invasion!of!the! Body Snatchers! (1958,!1978)!* Logan’s!Run! (1976)!*Close!

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Page 1: teaching science with science fiction · 2020. 2. 29. · 4/10/17 1 Teaching Science with Science Fiction ! Invasion!of!the! Body Snatchers! (1958,!1978)!* Logan’s!Run! (1976)!*Close!

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Teaching Science with

Science Fiction

 

Invasion  of  the  Body  

Snatchers  (1958,  1978)  *  Logan’s  Run  (1976)  *  Close  

Encounters  of  the  Third  Kind  (1977)  *  Transformers  (1986,  2007)  *  Serenity  

(2005)  *  The  Matrix    (1999)  *  Core  (2003)  *  Cocoon  (1985)  *  Planet  of  the  Apes  (1968)  *  ET  (1982)  *  The  Abyss  (1989)    

Why  Use  Science  Fic-on  to  Teach  Science?  

Allows  students  to  experience  advanced  and  abstract  science  topics  such  as  mutaRons,  radiaRon,  ethics,  and  rocket  science.  

Day  of  the  Triffids  (1981)  

Meteor  shower  mutates  plant  species,  causing  plants  to  move  and  become  predacious.  

Good  Science:    Plants  have  limited  moRon  and  some  are  carnivorous.  

Bad  Science:    A  meteor  shower  doesn’t  trigger  harmful  radiaRon;  the  shower  would  not  be  visible  worldwide  at  the  same  Rme;  the  mutaRon  would  not  affect  all  people/plants  idenRcally;  seawater  would  not  dissolve  life  forms  that  have  saline  fluids  inside.  

Lab  Ac-vity:      Examine  carnivorous  plants  –  Venus  Fly  Trap,  Pitcher  Plan,  Sundew,  Waterwheel  Plant,  Bladderwort,  Bu]erwort.  

War  of  the  Worlds  (2005)  

Story  of  an  invasion  of  the  world  by  tripod  fighRng  machines,  equipped  with  advanced  weaponry.    

Provides  a  new  avenue  for  learning  and  helps  reverse  negaRve  a`tudes  toward  science.  

Why  Use  Science  Fic-on  to  Teach  Science?  

Andromeda  Strain  (1971)  

Satellite  crashes  in  town  and  most  residents  die;  crystal  life  form,  Andromeda,  is  responsible.  

Good  Science:    ScienRfic  procedures  used  to  isolate  the  disease,  methods  of  determining  size  and  vector  (method  of  transfer)  are  accurate,  biosafety  procedures,  human  physiology,  and  portrayal  of  epilepRc  seizures.  

Bad  Science:    Birds  in  town  should  be  dead  like  everything  else,  decontaminaRon  procedure  wouldn’t  have  worked  on  Andromeda  because  radiaRon  makes  it  grow.  

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Slither  (2006)  

The  Invasion  (2007)  

Invasion:    An  alien  life  form,  much  like  a  fungus  or  spore,  clings  to  the  space  shu]le  Patriot  as  it  crashes  back  to  Earth,  spreading  tainted  debris  from  Texas  to  Washington,  D.C.  Curious  onlookers  steal,  touch  and  even  sell  the  parts  on  eBay,  much  like  what  happened  with  the  Columbia  disaster.    

Slither:  A  tycoon  is  infected  by  a  malevolent  extraterrestrial  creature  that  threatens  to  destroy  the  human  race.  Soon,  unusual  things  begin  to  happen  within  the  normally  peaceful  town.  Pets  go  missing,  followed  by  livestock,  and  finally  people,  with  all  of  it  leading  back  to  Grant.    

Research  suggests  that  interest  in  science  ficRon  may  be  an  important  factor  in  leading  men  and  women  to  become  interested  in  science  as  a  career.  

Journey  to  the  Center  of  the  Earth    (1959)  

Group  of  explorers  enters  a  volcano  to  follow  the  path  of  a  previous  explorer  to  the  center  of  the  Earth.  

Bad  Science:    Caves  shown  in  move  are  soluRon  caves,  not  volcanic  cave  formaRons;  magnets  do  not  a]ract  goal;  really  bad  dinosaur  depicRon;  amount  of  light  present;  underground  ocean;  depth  of  caves;  center  of  Earth.  

Good  Science:    Some  caves  are  indeed  formed  by  volcanoes;  luminescent  algae;  underground  mushrooms;  increase  in  temperature  as  you  go  underground.  

Science  ficRon  improves  learning  science  by  helping  to  develop  student  understanding  of  science  processes  and  interconnectedness  of  science  disciplines.   A  boy  develops  

a  disease  so  rare  that  nobody  is  working  on  a  cure,  so  his  father  decides  to  learn  all  about  it  and  tackle  the  problem  himself.  

Lorenzo’s  Oil  (1992)  

•  ApplicaRon  of  the  scienRfic  method  and  developing  hypotheses  in  an  interesRng  real  world  situaRon.    

•  Great  introducRon  to  chemistry  and  physiology  principals  

Handout:    Lesson  Plan  for  Lorenzo’s  Oil  

Moon  (2009)    Solitary  lunar  employee    experiences  a  personal  crisis  as  the  end  of  his  three-­‐year  sRnt  nears.  

Meet  Dave  (2008)  Aliens  come  to  earth  in  a  search  to  save  their  planet.  

WALL-­‐E  (2007).  It  follows  the  story  of  a  robot  named  WALL-­‐E  who  is  designed  to  clean  up  a  waste-­‐covered  Earth  far  in  the  future.  

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Preview  and  be  prepared  to  address  possible  misconcepRons  and  incorrect  informaRon.  

FantasEc  Voyage  (1966)  

ScienRst  dying  of  blood  clot  holds  secret  to  miniaturizaRon,  so  a  crew  is  miniaturized  to  destroy  the  clot.    They  travel  through  several  body  systems.  

Good  Science:    Accurate  descripRon  of  blood  vessels,  heart,  lungs,  and  ear;  factual  descripRon  of  body  funcRons.  

Bad  Science:    Impossibility  of  shrinking  (breaks  law  of  conservaRon  of  mass/energy);  brain  shown  to  be  largely  empty;  anRbodies  shown  acRng  too  quickly  and  with  specific  target.  

Possible  use  as  introducRon  to  nanotechnology.  

Fat  Man  &  LiJle  Boy    (1989)  

Reenacts  the  Manha]an  Project    development  of  first  nuclear  weapons  during  World  War  II.  The  film  is  named  ager  the  nuclear  weapons  known  by  the  code  names  "Fat  Man"  and  "Li]le  Boy",  focusing  on  Gen.  Leslie  R.  Groves  and  Robert  Oppenheimer,  the  military  and  scienRfic  heads  of  the  project.    

•  Dialogue  includes  debate  concerning  the  use  of  atomic  weapons  and  whether  the  U.S.  should  have  dropped  atomic  bombs  on  Hiroshima  and  Nagasaki.  

•  Development  of  both  the  implosion  and  explosion  models  for  triggering  a  nuclear  chain  reacRon  

•  Supplements  lessons  about  fission,  fusion,  supercriRcal  mass,  chain  reacRon,  and  other  aspects  of  subatomic  physics  

•  History/sociology/poliRcs  of  science  through  stories  about    Robert  Oppenheimer,  Enrico  Fermi,  Leo  Szilard,  and  Robert  Wilson  

•  See  Teach  with  Movies  Learning  Guide    (must  have  account)  

In  reference  to  the  Trinity  test  in  New  Mexico,  where  his  Los  Alamos  team  first  tested  the  bomb,  Oppenheimer  famously  recalled  the  Bhagavad  Gita  "If  the  radiance  of  a  thousand  suns  were  to  burst  at  once  into  the  sky,  that  would  be  like  the  splendor  of  the  mighty  one."  and  "Now  I  am  become  Death,  the  destroyer  of  worlds."  

Science  ficRon  improves  science  learning  by  making  it  easier  to  learn  related  content.  

The  Time  Machine  (1960,  2002)  George,  an  inventor  living  in  England  at  the  turn  of  the  20th  century,  has  craged  a  machine  that  can  move  through  Rme.  He  passes  through  World  War  I,  World  War  II,  a  nuclear  holocaust  and  thousands  of  years  beyond  to  find  a  strange  future    and  two  new  races  -­‐  Eloi,  a  beauRful,  indolent,  pleasure  seeking  race,  and  the  Morlocks,  mutated,  hideous,  industrious,  and  savage.    

Science  Concepts  •  four  dimensions  of  length,  width,  depth,  and  Rme  •  Newton’s  noRon  of  absolute  Rme  •  Einstein’s  theory  of  relaRvity  -­‐  Rme  is  intertwined  

with  space  and  inseparable;  therefore  relaRve  and  not  absolute  

•  ConsideraRon  of  figh  dimension  •  Nuclear  holocaust  

Science  ficRon  improves  learning  science  by  providing  direct  visualizaRon  of  abstract  topics.  

Science  ficRon  film  has  been  found  to  be  slightly  more  effecRve  in  increasing  achievement  test  scores  than  tradiRonal  educaRonal  films  or  documentaries.  

Na-onal  Severe  Storms  Laboratory    (NSSL)    serves  the  naRon  by  working  to  improve  the  lead-­‐Rme  and  accuracy  of  severe  weather  warnings  and  forecasts  in  order  to  save  lives  and  reduce  property  damage.  NSSL  scienRsts  are  commi]ed  to  their  mission  to  understand  the  causes  of  severe  weather  and  explore  new  ways  to  use  weather  informaRon  to  assist  NaRonal  Weather  Service  forecasters  and  federal,  university,  and  private  sector  partners.  

NSSL  went  on  tour  with  Universal  Studies  to  promote  tornado  safety  while  they  promoted  the  release  of  the  movie  Twister.    You  can  see  one  of  their  vans  in  the  photo  below.  

Twister  (1996)  

Math:  speed  calculaRons,  comparisons  of  various  storms,  plo`ng  map  posiRons  of  storms;  graphing  tornado  staRsRcs    

PE:    Twister  game    

SS:    Discuss  storm  damage  and  economic  impact,  analyze  benefits/risks  of  early  warning  systems  

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When  used  to  introduce  a  topic,  science  ficRon  provides  reference  point  and  shared  experience  for  the  class.  

Story  is  about  a  successful  first  flight  to  the  moon.  Four  men  in  spacecrag  built  by  a  private  USA  company  which  takes  off  early  because  a  "court  order"  has  been  issued  to  stop  the  trip  .  

DesEnaEon  Moon  (1950)  

Good  Science:    depicRon  of  condiRons  in  space  and  on  the  moon;  descripRon  of  behavior  of  objects  in  freefall  orbit,  process  of  how  nuclear  rockets  work,  relaRonship  between  mass  and  fuel  needed.  

Bad  Science:    The  moon  has  dust  over  most  of  its  surface,  and  this  is  not  shown  in  the  film.  Final  credit  for  DESTINATION  

MOON  (1950)  reads  "This  is  THE  END..Of  The  Beginning."    

But  be  careful  not  to  perpetuate  misconcepRons!  Showing  short  clips  is  best  approach  when  using  film  to  introduce  a  topic.  

As  a  concluding  acRvity,  science  ficRon  can  provide  points  for  discussion,  reinforcement  of  facts  learned,  a  context  for  the  subject  ma]er,  and  as  areas  for  further  research.  

Star  Trek  The  Immunity  Syndrome  (1968)  

Having  learned  cell  structure,  students  can  recognize  parts    of  the  giant  cell;  and  idenRfy  cell  errors.  

Bad  Science:    Impossibility  of  single  cell  reaching  such  huge  proporRons.  

Good  Science:  realisRc  descripRons  of  cell  parts  and  processes.  

Star  Trek  crew  encounters  a  giant  cell  which  is  absorbing  all  known  forms  of  energy  and  realize  it  is  about  to  divide.    The  Enterprise  acts  as  an  anRbody  for  the  galaxy  and  uses  anRma]er  to  destroy  the  cell.  

Science  ficRon  improves  learning  science  by  helping  students  understand  the  complexity  of  scienRfic    research  and  how  it  is  a  cultural  process.  

Aliens  contact  Earth  and  send  plans  for  a  mysterious  machine.  It  appears  designed  to  transport  a  person  through  space-­‐Rme,  but  no  one  is  sure.  Should  mankind  build  the  machine  or  not?  And  if  we  send  someone  traveling  through  space  on  the  machine,  who  should  represent  our  species?  The  film  is  based  on  Carl  Sagan's  science  ficRon  novel  of  the  same  name.    

Contact  (1997)  

Film  references  SETI  (Search  for  Extra-­‐Terrestrial  Intelligence)  InsEtute  (www.seE.org)    

SOFIA  (Stratospheric  Observatory  for  Infrared  Astronomy)  is  a  NASA  partnership  with  the  German  Space  Agency  (DLR)  to  develop  a  Boeing  747SP  airliner  fi]ed  with  a  2.5-­‐meter  reflecRng  telescope.  SOFIA  will  be  the  largest  airborne  observatory  in  the  world,  and  will  begin  flight  tesRng  in  the  second  half  of  2009.    It  is  housed  in    at  the  Dryden  Air  OperaRons  Facility  in  Palmdale,  CA.    Learn  more  at  the  SETI  or  NASA  Websites.  

Science  FicRon  Lesson    Ideas  •  Have  a  set  of  quesRons  student  can  answer  while  watching  the  film.      

–  Helps  students  engage  in  the  film,  follow  the  story,  recognize  facts,  develop  listening  skills.  

•  Provide  a  list  of  scienRfic  vocabulary.  –  Have  students  write  sentences  with  terms  before  they  view  the  film,  and  then  ager  

within  the  context  of  the  film.  •  Follow  the  film  with  discussion  quesRons  or  laboratory  acRvity.  •  Use  mulRple  science  ficRon  films    in  the  same  theme  and  have  students  compare  and  

contract  science  informaRon.  •  Consider  showing  only  a  few  clips  from  the  movie,  then  providing  extra  credit  for  a  film  or  

book    report.    •  Use  the  film  to  address  the  quesRon:  How  does  science  impact  my  personal  life  and  society?  •  ALWAYS  ADDRESS  INCORRECT  INFORMATION  AND  STUDENT  MISCONCEPTIONS!  

 

Finding  Nemo  (2003)  

It  Came  from  Beneath  the  Sea  (1995)  

Jaws  (1975)  

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SuggesRons  for  Use  of  Science  FicRon  Films  •  To  gain  a]enRon  •  To  sRmulate  recall  of  prerequisite  

learning  •  To  present  sRmulus  material  •  To  provide  learning  guidance  •  To  elicit  performance  •  To  enhance  retenRon  and  transfer  

Dante’s  Peak  (1997)  

ScienRst’s  warning  of  volcano  erupRon  goes  unheeded.  

Good  Science:    Visual  representaRon  of  volcano;  discussion  of  pre-­‐erupRon  effects;  depicRon  of  an  explosive  erupRon.  

Bad  Science:  Truck  driving  through  lava;  classic  range  volcanoes  do  not  typically    erupt  with  basalRc  free  flowing  lava,  people  could  not  outrun  the  flow  

Remember  that  the  film  is  only  one  part  of  the  presentaRon!  

What  I  Know   What  I  Wonder   What  I  Learned  •  How  do  ants  live  

together?    

•  How  big  can  an  ant  get?  

 

•  What  could  make  an  ant  grow  giant-­‐size?  

 

•  What  is  radioacRvity?    

•  Individually  and  without  assistance,  draw  and  label  an  image  of  an  ant  on  a    3  x  5  card.  

 •  With  a  partner,  define  

these  terms:  to  the  best  of  your  ability:      

Acid  Antenna  Atomic  bomb  Density  Entomologist  Mutate  Queen  RadioacRvity  

   

Them  (1954)  Answer  these  Ques-ons:    1.  In  what  state  does  the  movie  begin?  2.  How  does  the  li]le  girl  act?  3.  How  do  you  know  that  an  ordinary  

robbery  has  not  happened  at  the  trailer?  

4.  What  do  the  police  find  on  the  ground  outside  the  trailer?  

5.  What  makes  the  li]le  girl  react?  6.  When  and  where  did  the  first  atomic  

bomb  explode?  7.  What  does  the  li]le  girl  say?  8.  What  kind  of  doctor  is  Dr.  Medford?  9.  What  makes  the  whistling  sound  and  

prints?  10. The  ant  is  helpless  without  what  part?  11. What  two  chemicals  are  used  to  trap  

and  kill  the  ants?  12. What  disRnguishing  feature  do  queen  

ants  have?  13. Where  do  the  Los  Angeles  ants  live?  

Handout:      Them!  QuesRons  

Good  Science:    Factual  discussion  of  structure  and  processes  of  ants  and  ant  nests;  anatomy  of  ants  and  uses  of  formic  acid;  ant’s  organized  fighRng  behavior.  

Bad  Science:    insect  exoskeleton  would  not  support  its  weight  if  it  were  30  feet  long;  its  respiratory  system  could  not  supply  enough  oxygen;  ants  are  not  incapacitated  by  loss  of  antennae.    Some  ants  are  resistant  to  cyanide.    RadioacRvity  does  not  cause  giganRsm.  

Topics  for  Study:      insects,  physiology,  exoskeletons,  giganRsm,  geneRcs,  mutaRon,  insect  culture,  radioacRvity,  lead,  hydrogen  cyanide,  atomic  bomb,  history  of  science,  U.S.  history,  atomic  age,  nuclear  chemistry,  women  in  science  

Student  AcRvity:    Create  a  KWL  Chart  on  one  of  these  topics.  

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•  Wikipedia  Science  FicRon  Films  by  Decade  •  Cavanaugh  and  Cavanaugh  (2004).    Teach  

Science  with  Science  FicRon  Films:    A  Guide  for  Teachers  and  Library  Media  Specialists.  Worthington,  OH:    Linworth.    

 

“I  have  several  movies  that  I  show  throughout  the  year.  The  first  one  is  called  “October  Sky.”  I  show  this  when  we  study  Newton’s  Laws.  The  movie  is  about  a  group  of  students  living  in  a  coal  mining  town  in  West  Virginia.  They  decide  to  build  a  rocket  in  response  to  the  launch  of  Sputnik.  The  students  go  through  quite  a  lot  to  launch  their  rockets  and  they  go  on  to  win  the  naRonal  science  fair.  This  is  a  true  story;  the  author,  Homer  Hickam,  went  on  to  work  for  NASA.  It’s  a  very  inspiring  story,  and  it  leads  into  our  building  and  launching  of  model  rockets.  If  you  don’t  own  this  movie  and  you  teach  physics,  get  on  eBay  right  this  second.”    (Blog:    Physics  Movies  I  Like  to  Show)  

Handout:    List  of  Science  FicRon  Films  

October  Sky  (1999)  

•  Teach  with  Movies