Teacher:!Andrea!King( Period:All! Subject:(U.S.(History ... · PDF fileShould’theUnited’States’havejoined’theLeagueof’Nations ......

Lesson Procedure

Teacher: Andrea King Period: All Subject: U.S. History Unit: WWI AIM: Should the United States have joined the League of Nations, why or why not?

SWBAT (Objectives) 1. List the (4) main points of Wilson’s 14 points 2. List the main points of the Treaty of Versailles

(BRAT League) 3. Explain why the United States did not ratify the

Treaty of Versailles and join the League of Nations 4. Write a claim to support their answer to the AIM

STANDARDS: NYSS: 1.2e; 2.1b; 2.2e; 3.1d: CCLS: RH. 2; RH. 3; RH.7, WHST.1a

MATERIAL NEEDED: 1. Group Documents for 5 groups 2. Numbered Index Cards 3. Poster Paper and Markers 4. Power-‐point that explains why U.S. did not join

League of Nations DO NOW (5 MIN) Teacher will display on the smart board the following and give students 3 minutes to answer Teacher will give students time to think about the question for 2 minutes MOTIVATION/HOOK (3 MIN) Teacher will explain that today students will be placed into groups of special committees with the purpose of convincing the U.S. Senate (the teachers) that the Treaty of Versailles should be ratified. Their task is to create a poster that outlines their section of the Treaty and present it to the Senate in a convincing manner.

Group Work (15 MIN) The teacher will divide periods 4 & 7 into 4 groups: (Blame, Reparations, Army, Territory) and pass out the corresponding documents. The teachers will represent the League group and display their poster as an example/model of what students are expected to produce. The teacher will divide periods 3 & 8 into five groups: (Blame, Reparations, Army, Territory and League) Groups will have 5-‐7 students in them Teacher will instruct each group of the following: In your groups you must all,

1. Read the documents in your classified folders 2. Fill out your section of your graphic organizers. List 3 main points of your reading. 3. Create a poster that:

a. Clearly identifies what agreement your committee researched. (1 point) b. List the main points of the agreement (2 points) c. Explains why the Senate should support this agreement of the Treaty of

Versailles. (2 points)

STUDENTS WILL… Listen to directions Form groups Work in groups Complete poster and graphic organizer

Group Share-‐Out (20 MIN for shorter periods) (25 minutes for longer periods) Teacher will have each group come up and explain to the senate what their section of the treaty war, and why the treaty should be ratified. Student groups will have 2-‐5 minutes to convince the senate. Teacher will score each group based on the above rubric. Teacher will have all students go back to their seats after each group has gone Teacher will next explain that the U.S. Senate will not ratify the Treaty of Versailles and that the U.S. will not join the League of Nations

STUDENTS WILL… Follow along as student groups are presenting and write main points on their graphic organizers Take notes on U.S. Senates decision

ASSESSMENT Student Worksheets/Graphic Organizers and Group Posters Class Discussion Exit Ticket

Exit Ticket (5-‐10 Min) Teacher will review: Wilson’s 14 point, Brat League and Why the U.S. did not join the League Teacher will place the following on the Smart Board Answer the following:

• Should the United States have joined the League of Nations? • Use CCEJ method to answer

NAME:_____________________ GROUP #___________________

AIM: DO NOW: What was one advantage and one disadvantage of WWI on African Americans? What was one advantage and one disadvantage of WWI on Women? Answer in 5-7 sentences:

COMMITTEE NOTES

Wilson’s 14 Points 1. 2. 3. 4. One goal for a lasting peace that President Woodrow Wilson included in his Fourteen Points was:

1. establishing a League of Nations 2. maintaining a permanent military force in Europe 3. returning the United States to a policy of isolationism 4. blaming Germany for causing World War I

The Versailles Conference

Dear Committee Member, You are a member of a special team of 5 committees brought together to convince the United States Senate to ratify the Treaty of Versailles. Each committee is responsible for researching 1 main agreement of the Treaty of Versailles, and reporting back to the special team. You have been assigned to Special Team Committee #1. After reviewing the classified material with your group, create a poster sign that does the following: 1. Clearly identifies what agreement your committee researched. (1 point) 2. List the main points of the agreement (2 points) 3. Explains why the Senate should support this agreement of the Treaty of Versailles, and ratify the treaty (2 points)

Committee 1

August 11, 1919 Committee Members, We all know that World War I ended last November 11, 1918. A few weeks ago David Lloyd George of England, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, Georges Clemenceau of France and Woodrow Wilson from the US (The Big Four) finally decided, along with 32 other countries, Germany should pay for the horrible destruction caused by the war. President Wilson came to the peace conference with suggestions for the treaty. He called it the 14 Point Plan. It was pretty detailed, but the main points were:

1. No more secret treaties. 2. All countries must reduce armaments (weapons). 3. Self-determination (independence for countries ruled by others) 4. A League of Nations.

Wilson’s wanted the Treaty of Versailles to follow along his 14 Point Plan, but only the League of Nations was kept. The leaders at the peace conference decided on a new set of conditions (or agreements) for the Treaty. . One condition of the Treaty was: The War Guilt Clause or BLAME For the WWI Research this thoroughly and convince the U.S. Senate that the Treaty of Versailles should be ratified! Good Luck Committee!

Committee 1 Documents

The War Guilt Clause (BLAME)

Allied Powers Casualties Central Powers Casualties

Britain: 750,000 soldiers killed; 1,500,000 wounded

Germany: 2,000,000 soldiers killed

France: 1,400,000 soldiers killed; 2,500,000 wounded

Austria-‐Hungary: 1,200,000 soldiers killed

Russia: 1,700,000 soldiers killed

Turkey: 325,000 soldiers killed

Italy: 600,000 soldiers killed

Bulgaria: 100,000 soldiers kille

Belgium: 50,000 soldiers killed America: 116,000 soldiers killed

THE WAR GUILT CLAUSE 1. This refers to Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles, which placed the blame for all losses received

by the Allies in the First World War, on Germany. 2. If Germany accepts blame for World War I, they will be financially responsible for all of the war

damage caused by World War I.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM DELEGATE I. M. THABOSS The War Guilt Clause was added in order to get the French and Belgians to agree to reduce the sum of money that Germany would have to pay to compensate for war damage. Although most Germans hate the War Guilt Clause, we believe it is very important for Germany to take full blame for all of the death and destruction they caused to the world.

“Germany must accept total responsibility for starting World War 1. Around 37 million people were killed. Millions of people died after the war due to famine and disease…”

Committee 2



Wilson’s wanted the Treaty of Versailles to follow along his 14 Point Plan, but only the League of Nations was kept. The leaders at the peace conference decided on a new set of conditions (or agreements) for the Treaty. One condition of the Treaty was: German REPARATIONS (Paying back the costs of war) Research this thoroughly and convince the U.S. Senate that the Treaty of Versailles should be ratified! Good Luck Committee

Committee 2 Documents German REPARATIONS

REPARATIONS (PAYMENT FOR WAR DAMAGES) 1. This was a difficult problem to solve and so a reparations commission was established to decide

how many goods and how much money Germany should pay.

2. The figure £23.6 billion ($393.6 billion today) was eventually agreed upon.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM DELEGATE I. M. THABOSS World War I was an expensive war. It cost over $180,000,000,000. Leaders at the peace conference all agree that Germany should be held responsible for the total cost of the war, and repay the Allies. Although it will take Germany more than a 100 years to repay this debt, they must do it. In truth the destruction they caused can never be fully repaid.

“The cost of the war was in the millions of dollars. In France and Belgium, where most of the fighting was, 300,000 houses, 6,000 factories, 1,000 miles of railway, 2,000 breweries and 112 coal mines were destroyed….”

Committee 3



Wilson’s wanted the Treaty of Versailles to follow along his 14 Point Plan, but only the League of Nations was kept. The leaders at the peace conference decided on a new set of conditions (or agreements) for the Treaty. One condition of the Treaty was: Reducing the German ARMY Research this thoroughly and convince the U.S. Senate that the Treaty of Versailles should be ratified! Good Luck Committee!

Committee 3 Documents Reduction of German ARMY

CORRESPONDENCE FROM DELEGATE I. M. THABOSS Leaders at the peace conference all agree that Germany’s military must be reduced. We do not want to see the Germany army gain power again. The Allie Powers will keep any army of occupation on the west bank of the Rhine for 15 years. We also want to demand that an area of Germany be made into a demilitarized zone (DMZ). That means no German solider or weapon will be allowed into this zone.

REDUCTION OF GERMANY ARMY 1. Army: Reduced to only 100,000 men. They can have no tanks 2. Navy: Germany will only be allowed to have 6 naval ships and no submarines! 3. Air Force: No Air Force allowed-‐at all! 4. Forbidden from buying any weapons or war materials

“The German military must be decreased! They caused chaos and destruction across the globe. We must protect all of the European countries from such barbarians...”

Committee 4



Wilson’s wanted the Treaty of Versailles to follow along his 14 Point Plan, but only the League of Nations was kept. The leaders at the peace conference decided on a new set of conditions (or agreements) for the Treaty. One condition of the Treaty was: Taking Away German TERRITORY Research this thoroughly and convince the U.S. Senate that the Treaty of Versailles should be ratified! Good Luck Committee!

Committee 4 Documents Loss of German TERRITORY

Loss of German Territory 1. Germany will loose 10 percent of their land and 12.5 percent of their population.

2. Taking this land away from Germany is very important because it will prevent .

CORRESPONDENCE FROM DELEGATE I. M. THABOSS The Treaty of Versailles demands that Germany give up land to a number of other countries. Alsace-‐Lorraine should be returned to France, Eupen and Malmedy will be given to Belgium, and North Schleswig will be given to Denmark. Land will also taken from Germany and given to Czechoslovakia and Poland. The League of Nations will take control of Germany's colonies.

“Germany must give up some its Territory! We must take away some of their important industrial territory to prevent them from building up their economy…they must never gain economic power in the world again.”

Committee 5



Wilson’s wanted the Treaty of Versailles to follow along his 14 Point Plan, but only the League of Nations was kept. The leaders at the peace conference decided on a new set of conditions (or agreements) for the Treaty. One condition of the Treaty was: Establishing a LEAGUE OF NATIONS Research this thoroughly and convince the U.S. Senate that the Treaty of Versailles should be ratified! Good Luck Committee!

Committee 5 Documents LEAGUE OF NATIONS

THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS 1. One of Wilson’s 14 Points that was added to the Treaty of Versailles.

2. The League of Nations was a world organization where countries could gather and peacefully

resolve their disputes (disagreements).

3. The League of Nations will be able to issue verbal, economic, or physical sanctions (punishment) to enforce their decisions.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM DELEGATE I. M. THABOSS Leaders at the peace conference believe that an international organization must be set up in order to avoid any more World Wars. Germany will not be allowed to join! The sole purpose of this international organization will be to maintain peace and sort out international disputes when they occur. All of the other nations at the peace conference agree that we need to do this. We know that the United States would rather isolate themselves from world affairs, but it was our President’s (Wilson’s) idea to begin with.

“World peace must be secured. The world needs a league to ensure that war will never break out again. It will bring peace and stability to this chaotic world…The United States is especially horrified by slaughter that has taken place…”

AIM: Should the United States have joined the League of Nations?

U.S. Senate Results

The Main Points of the Treaty of Versailles (BRAT League) BLAME

(War Guilt Clause)

1.

2.

3.

REPARATIONS (Money)

1.

2.

3.

ARMY (Military)

1.

2.

3.

TERRITORY (Land)

1.

2.

3.

LEAGUE OF NATIONS

(World Peace Org.)

1.

2.

3.