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Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified Opportunity Zone Funds Triangle Commercial Association of Realtors February 7, 2019
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Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Mar 10, 2020

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Page 1: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Tax Advantages ofInvesting in Qualified 

Opportunity Zone Funds 

Triangle CommercialAssociation of Realtors

February 7, 2019

Page 2: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Welcome and Introductions

Chris Judy, Partner919‐534‐1230 / [email protected]

Wilson Hicks , Tax Manager919‐780‐5108 / [email protected]

Page 3: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Disclaimer

This information has been prepared based on the proposed regulations 1400Z issued 10/19/18.  The temporary or permanent regulations have not been issues.  This material has been prepared for informational purposes only, and is not intended to provide, and should not be relied on for, tax, legal or accounting advice. The application and impact of laws can vary widely based on the specific facts involved. You should consult your tax, legal and accounting advisors before engaging in any transaction.

Page 4: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

More Information

Page 5: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

OZ History• Included in Tax Cuts and Jobs Act –

– Signed into law December 22, 2017– Code Section 1400Z– Proposed regulations issued October 19, 2018– Two additional guidance packages expected later this year & spring 2019

• Purpose to:– Encourage development / investment in low‐income areas– Poverty rate >20%, Family income < 80% of median

• Maps– Each state to designate up to 25% of qualified tracts– NC submitted 252 zones, certified on May 18, 2018– Zones will remain eligible for 10 years

Page 6: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

OZ Tax Benefits

• Temporary Deferral– If capital gain is reinvested in OZ Fund within 180 days of Sale– Deferred gain recognized on earlier date of:

• Disposition of OZ investment or December 31, 2026

• Step‐Up Basis– Basis for the capital gains reinvested is increased / gain reduced

• 10% if held 5 years• 15% if held 7 years

• Permanent Exclusion– Capital gain held at least 10 years in “Qualified Opportunity Fund”

Page 7: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Designated Zones

• Maps– 12% of entire US land area– North Carolina: 252 zones certified on May 18, 2018

• NC Department of Commerce

https://public.nccommerce.com/oz/

Page 8: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

State of NC Maps

Page 9: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Triangle Region

Page 10: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Raleigh

Page 11: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Durham / Chapel Hill

Page 12: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Johnston County

Page 13: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Rules for Qualified OZ Fund

1. Must be a Corporation, Partnership or LLCa. No disregarded entities (single‐member LLC) 

2. Must be organized in one of 50 states, DC or US Possessions3. Must Self‐Certify as a Qualified OZ Fund

a. Complete form 8996b. Must include annually with your income tax returnc. Must ensure semi‐annually – 90% of assets invested in Qualified OZ Propertyd. Newly created QOF up to six months to investe. After construction completed working capital < 5%

Page 14: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Qualified OZ Property

1. Stock in Opportunity Zone Business

2. Partnership interest in Opportunity Zone Business

3. Qualified Opportunity Zone Property 

Page 15: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual
Page 16: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual
Page 17: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Who Can Qualify1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property

‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual funds alone‐ Gain can’t be triggered from a related party (20%)

2.    Qualifying gains:a. Long‐term or short‐termb. Gains on carried interestc. Depreciation recapture 1250 propertyd. Capital gain distributions from mutual fundse. Collections on installment salesf. Gains will retain same character when recognized in 2026

3. Gains not qualifying:a. Depreciation recapture on equipment – 1245 propertyb. Sale of partnership interest with hot assets – 751 assets

Page 18: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Timing of Investment

1. Capital gain must be invested in QOF within 180 daysa. Only the gain portion of the sale qualifiesb. No intermediary is required like 1031 exchangesc. No tracing of sales proceeds

2. Capital gains realized by partnershipsa. 180 day period starts on last day of partnership year end – December 31

3. Unqualified gains or principal a. Can be made to QOF but that portion receives no OZ tax benefitsb. Must be bifurcated and treated as separate investment (separate K‐1)

Page 19: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Substantial Improvement

1. The property acquired by Qualified OZ Businessa. Improvements must be made to double the basisb. Land or land improvements are not taken into considerationc. Improvement must be made within 31 months from acquisition of property

2. Example:a. Property purchased includes an old building for $1Mb. Allocation is $800K for land and $200K for buildingc. Building improvements of $200K must be made within 31 months

Page 20: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Qualified OZ Business

1. Any type of business can qualify includinga. Residential or commercial real estate development

2. Businesses that do not qualifya. Golf courses, country clubsb. Massage parlorsc. Hot tub or suntan facilitiesd. Racetrackse. Gambling facilitiesf. Liquor stores

Page 21: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Requirements for OZ Business

1. 70% of assets must be invested in qualified OZ property

2. At least 50% of gross income from active conduct of business in OZ

3. Substantial portion of intangible property from business in OZ

4. Less than 5% of property can be cash or cash equivalentsa. After property is completed

Page 22: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Failure to Satisfy 90% Test

1. Penalty = federal underpayment interest ratea. Currently 5%b. Calculated after six months and end of yearc. Calculated based on dollar amount under 90% testd. No penalty if due to reasonable causee. Calculation made on Form 8996 filed annually with return

Page 23: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Developer Financial Considerations1. Investment requirements

a. New or b. Substantial improvement

2. Carried interesta. Roll no gain vs minimal gain

3. Capital stack impacta. Leverage 

4. Timing of raises – capital deploymenta. 6 month baselineb. 31 month written plan

5. Other tax incentives – historic credit, low income housing credit

Page 24: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Other Consideration

1. Operating agreement should statea. Purpose to operate as OZ Fund orb. Qualified OZ Business

2. Compliance with:a. Securities Act of 1933, as amendedb. State securities laws – “Blue Sky”

Page 25: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

OZ Investment Risks1. Future tax rates2. Market exit risk3. Political support4. Tax penalties 

Page 26: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Investor Flow of Funds

Realize GainMarch 2018 

Invest in OZSep 2018

Recognize GainDecember 31, 

2026

QOF SoldJan 2029

Gain via Personal Asset

Gain via K‐1Realize GainMarch 2018 

Invest in OZJune 2019

Recognize GainDecember 31, 

2026

QOF SoldJan 2029

Page 27: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Investor Summary

• Exit period expires Year 2047• Step‐up on exit appears inclusive of depreciation

• Covered land play 

Holding Period (years)

<5

5 – 6

7 – 9

10+

Original Gain Taxed

100%

90%

85%

85%

OZ Gain Taxed

100%

100%

100%

0%

Page 28: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Investor Structure

Page 29: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Sample OZ Structure

Taxpayers

Qualified Opportunity Fund90% Test

SPE(Qualified OZ Business)

70% Test

Project within Opportunity Zone

$$ 60% Stock or Partnership Interest

40% Stock or Partnership Interest

$$Developer/Partner

Page 30: Tax Advantages of Investing in Qualified …...Who Can Qualify 1. Any investor with taxable capital gain from sale of property ‐ $2.3 Trillion of unrealized gains on stocks & mutual

Own Asset in Zone1. Market pricing reaction2. Sell and roll back into QOF – related party3. Raise equity4. Example – NNN lease & buildout

Takeaway – requires analysis & planning