T a r g e t i n g M i c h i g a n P r o f i c i e n c y Teacher’s Book Leaflet By Sylvia Kar
Targeting
Michigan
Proficiency
Teacher’s Book Leaflet
By
Sylvia Kar
33
Introduction The Targeting Michigan Proficiency Coursebook is a course designed to help you prepare for the University of Michigan Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English. This book contains a range of activities aimed at improving your English and helping you to prepare for the examination. The exercises are in the style of the exam to help you familiarize yourself with the questions you will encounter in the actual examination. There is a range of activities and tasks to help you improve your reading, writing, speaking and listening skills which will give you more confidence in the exam. In addition, each unit introduces new vocabulary in context, as well as a chance to revise your grammar in a systematic way. Throughout the book there are Tip boxes with suggestions on how to best approach certain exercises, for example how to skim when reading, how to answer multiple choice questions etc. There are also Exam Information boxes with details of what to expect in each section of the exam. At the back of this book is a glossary to revise the vocabulary in the book. Information on the ECPE examination: The University of Michigan Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English is for students who have achieved the ability to communicate and understand English at the advanced level. Candidates at this level should be able to communicate their ideas in each of the major skill areas of listening, reading, writing and speaking, although they may make some errors in their use of the language. ECPE Format and Minimum Passing Scores Listening section: 25-30 minutes There are three parts to the listening test with a total of 50 multiple choice questions. In Part One, candidates hear short conversations between two people. 1. On the answer sheet there are three answer choices given and candidates must choose the answer which means about the same thing as what they have heard or that is true based on what they heard. 2. In the second part of the listening test, candidates will hear a question. After each question candidates must choose from the three answer choices given, the one which best answers the question. 3. In the third part of the listening test, candidates will hear a short segment from a radio program. The program is called ‘Learning from the Experts’. After each talk they will be asked 5 questions. From the three answer choices given, they must choose the one which best answers the question according to the information heard. Each part of the listening is heard only once. Pass mark: 65%
GCVR – Grammar, Cloze, Vocabulary and Reading section: 75 minutes This part of the exam consists of 120 multiple choice questions and each item is worth one mark. This section is divided into: Grammar - 40 questions, Cloze - 20 questions, Vocabulary - 40 questions, Reading - 20 questions In the Grammar section, candidates must select a word or phrase to complete a sentence so that it is grammatically correct. Many of the questions are in the form of short conversations and use a mixture of formal and informal language. In the Cloze section candidates are asked to read two passages and then select the word that best fills the blank in both grammar and meaning. In the Vocabulary section, candidates must choose a word or phrase that best completes the meaning and context of the sentence. In the Reading section, candidates are asked to read four different passages each followed by 5 questions. Pass mark: 65% Writing section: 30 minutes In this section candidates have a choice of 2 essay topics and must write on one only an essay of approximately 250-350 words or the length of one page. The essay is in response to an issue which is presented. Candidates should be able to express their ideas clearly enough to be generally understandable. To pass candidates must get a score of at least C on a 5-point scale (A-E). Speaking section: 25-35 minutes The speaking section tests a candidate’s ability to speak English in a face-to-face conversation. The interview consists of five stages. After the introductory first stage (warm-up), candidates are asked to summarize and recommend one of two options, reach a consensus, present, justify and defend their one, final option. To pass, candidates must achieve a score of at least C (Low Pass), on a scale ranging from A (Honors) to E (Fail). ECPE Results Individual section scores to be averaged toward the final score for the ECPE. As of 2014, test takers will receive a scaled numeric score for all four sections of each exam; test takers whose average score for all four sections is equal to 650 or higher will pass the exam and receive a certificate.
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THE ECPE SPEAKING TEST General Information Consists of 5 stages. Lasts anywhere between 25-35 min. for the paired format (2 candidates, 2 examiners) 1 examiner for stages 1-3 - another examiner for stages 4-5 Examiners participate mostly in Stages 1 and 5. Stage 1: Warm up stage Introductions and small talk (general topics: friends, hobbies, hometown, family, profession, etc.). Lasts 3-5 minutes. Goal is to establish rapport between candidates through introductions and friendly conversation. Here Examiner 1 participates. Stage 2: Summarizing and Recommending Each candidate given information sheet with descriptions of 2 options (4 options between the
two candidates). Candidates keep the information sheet and may even make notes. Given 2-3 minutes to read and understand information Then, take turns summarizing the descriptions of their options to the other candidate, not read it to him/her. The summarizations must be listened to carefully because the candidates will make a
recommendation to their partner of the best option from the two presented, by the partner. Candidates may take notes as the partner is summarizing.
Then each candidate chooses one of his own options and thinks of reasons why the chosen option is best. (All answers and options are correct. There are no right or wrong options).
The goal of stage 2 = learn what the options are = make a recommendation = choose one of their own options silently Lasts 5-7 minutes. Stage 3: Consensus Reaching 5-7 minutes duration Candidates report to their partner the option they chose. They compare and contrast the options and discuss advantages and disadvantages of each. Still can’t see partner’s information sheet. The goal of stage 3 is to come to an agreement on one single option for both of them. Stage 4: Presenting and Convincing 5-7 minutes duration Candidates present option they have chosen to Examiner 2 who has the role of a person of high
status related to the options. (For example, he might be the boss of the company who wants to hire an employee).
Candidates have 2-3 minutes to plan a short presentation. Now they may look at each other’s information sheets.
Each candidate presents 2 reasons for choosing his particular option and explains why the reasons are important.
The goal of stage 4 is to convince Examiner 2 that their option is the best one. Stage 5: Justifying and Defending Duration 5-7 minutes Examiner 2 questions the decision of the candidates. The goal of stage 5 is to address the examiner’s challenges and justify their decision. 4
Picture related topics1.Whoisyourfavoriteactor/actress?
2.Whatkindofmoviesdoyouprefer?Why?
3.Howoftendoyougotothemov-ies?
4.Whydoyouthinkmoviegoingissuchapopularformofenter-tainment?
5.Doyouthinkageplaysanyroleinthemoviespeoplechoosetosee?Whatelsemayinfluencesuchadecision?Topic
Somefriendsarecomingoverforpizzaandamovie.Eachpersonhasexpressedaparticularchoice.Assessalltheinformationandarriveatwhichmovieyou’llallbewatching.
Related Vocabulary• gooddirecting• cheapproduction• wrongcastingofchar-actersandparts
• poorscript• overdonetheme• freshviews• toomuchviolence/bloodshed
• overacted• extremesituations• goodmusicalscore
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
IronMan3• goodcast(R.DowneyJr.,G.Paltrow,G.Pearce,B.Kingsley)
• veryexpensiveproduction• hasviolence• hasgooddirecting• action-packed• excellenteffects
SnowWhiteandtheHuntsman• lightadventureandfantasy• atwisttoawell-knownfairytale• goodactors• girlswilllikethismore• hasromance
Candidate 2 Information
Sheet
DespicableMe2• animationmovie• forallages• highratings• afunnightout• musthaveseenpart1
“TheHobbit–TheDesolationofSmaug”• excellentcastofcharacters• thesecondof3films• musthaveseenthe1stpart• verygoodeffects• anexpensiveproduction
Movie Night 5UNIT 1
6Speaking
Topic:
Youandyourbestfriendhavethetaskoffindingtheidealplaceforyourclassto go on a week-long exchange pro-gram,toanycityinEurope.Assessalltheinformationtoarriveatachoice.
Related Vocabulary• backpacking• suitcase• baggage• packagetour• guidedtour• tourguide• monuments• landmarks• sights• economyfare• youthhostel• railtravel• studentfares• ancientruins
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
Venice,Italy•cangobyship•cheaper•expensivecity•beautifulbuildings•lotsofmuseums•famouslandmarks•uniquecity-historical
Budapest,Hungary•willbeveryeconomical•lovelyarchitecture•historicalcity•excellentfood•friendlytotourists•goodservice
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
Amsterdam,Holland•canflydirect•findspecialgrouprates•famouswaxmuseum•verycolorfulinspring•nottooexpensive•stayinyouthhostels
Dublin,Ireland•expensiveplanefare•coolerweather•verysimilartousaspeople•notsoeasytounderstandtheirspeech•unspoilednaturalbeauty
Travel to EuropeUNIT 2
7Exam informationInthefirstpartoftheinterviewyoutalkaboutyour-self.Tocapturetheexaminers'attention,youmightwanttosaysomethinglike:• Iamabored20-year-old…(Butbepreparedtoexplainwhyyouarebored)
• Iamanavidmoviegoer.• Iconsidermyselfquiteartistic.• IamafraidIamoverlysocial.
Trytoavoidtheusual:• Iam16yearsold…• Ihaveabrotherwhois6…• Myfatherisalawyer…• Mymotherisahousewifeetc.,etc.…
Topic
Yourschoolisorganizingavolunteercommunitypro-gram.Theywanteveryoneinthecommunitytobecomeinvolved.Assessalltheinformationtoarrivetoachoiceofwhateventyourcommunitywilltakepartin.
Related Vocabulary• blood• cells• bloodtypeA,B,AB,O
• needle• dizzy• faint• veins• arteries• bloodclot• bloodpressure• sterile• band-aid• cottonballs• sterilizedgauze
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
Blooddonation• bloodisalwaysneeded• maysavealife• manypeopleafraidofneedles• maynothavevolunteers• musteducatepeopleonblooddona-tion
Volunteerworkinhospital• cleanrooms• takepatientsforwalks• servefood• driveolderpatientstoseedoctors• learnfirstaid• playwithchildpatients• keepcompanywitholderpatients
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
Cleanapark• everyone,evenyoungchildren cantakepart• goodlessonforchildren• outinfreshair• cleananareawhicheveryonecanenjoy
• somepeopledon’tliketheideaofcollectinggarbage
Treeplanting• willbeoutdoors• wholemountainsideneedsplanting• involveshardworkdiggingholes• providecleanerairforcertainareas• forestsareforeveryone• sourceoflife
Community Work
SpeakingUNIT 3
8Comparison and Contrast Vocabulary for the Oral InterviewSinceyourtaskinthespeakingsectionofstages2–5willbetosummarize,recommend,present,justifyanddefend,youwillneedtocompareandcontrastthetwochoicesyouaregiven.Thevocabularybelowwillcomeinuseful.
Learn comparison and contrast vocabulary:
Comparison Contrastboth______and______neither______nor________notonly______butalsosimilarlyinthesamewaylikewisecorrespondinglylike/tobelike
toresembletobethesameastobesimilartotobeequaltocomparabletotobeas______as
-er thanmore thanless thanfewer thannotas ascontrastswithdiffersfromisdifferentfrom
althoughwhereaswhilehoweverontheotherhandonthecontraryunlike
Following is a list of general topics. With a partner make a comparison and contrast of each of the topics. Use the comparison and contrast vocabulary. 1. twodifferenttypesofhomes–apartment/familyhome2. twobooksyou’veread3. twoofyourfriends4. twodifferentrestaurants
5. twodifferenttypesofentertainment6. twotypesofGreekfood7. twocitiesyou’vebeento8. two countries you’ve been to / readabout9. twodifferentwaysoftravel
Forbetterconsolidationofthecomparisonandcontrastvocabulary,picktwoofthetopicsyoulikedbestandwriteaparagraphcomparingandcontrastingeachtopic.
Read the following example: Two Friends
BrainstormingGeorge
• introvertedandshy• faithfulandtrustworthy• doesn’tlikecrowds• excellentstudent• isverygiving
Henry
• isthelifeoftheparty• socialandoutgoing• veryfaithful• schoolcomessecondtosocializing• notveryambitious
Example Paragraph Two of my classmates are George and Henry. While George is very shy and doesn’t like crowds, Henry is very social and outgoing and likes to be the center of attention. Both are very faithful and I would trust them with my secrets. In addition, they are very giving and always available when I need something like help, advice or just a friendly shoulder to lean on. Whereas George is an excellent student, Henry puts socializing first and school comes second. He has different priorities than George does. UNIT 4
9Warm-up stage: Inthefirstpartoftheinterviewtheexamineemusttalkabouthimselfandanswerpersonalquestionsanddeveloprapportbetweenhimselfandthesecondcandidate.Thisparthelpstobreaktheice.Examiner1helpsinstigateconversationandguideit.
Talking about personality-useful vocabulary you might need:giving,trustworthy,selfish,un-grateful,gentle,kind,sensitive,overconfident,lowprofile,easygoing,ambitious/hardworking,lazy,social/outgoing/extrovert/outspoken,shy/introvert,optimist/pessimist,opportunist.
I’mthesortofpersonwho…I’mnotthetypewho…Ireallyenjoy…/Ican’tstand
Ifind…interesting/dull/funI’mbasically…Irefuseto…
I’mopento…It’snotthatIdon’tlike…but…I’llgooutofmywayto...
Talking about school/future• Iattendaprivate/stateschool• I’mpresentlyinjunior/seniorhighschool
• I’mattendingthe3rdgradeofseniorhighschool
• I’minUniversity/attenduni-versity…
• Iwanttogetadegreein…• Iwanttostudyabroad…• I’ll be taking university en-tranceexams…
• Iwanttostudy/traintobe…• Igraduatethisyear…• Iwanttostudylanguages…
• I’vebeenworkingfor…• Ican’tfindworkinmyfieldofexpertise…
• Thejobmarketissaturated…
• It’s tough trying to find ajob…
Possible questions you might want to prepare for:1. Areyouastudent?Whatyear/gradeareyouin?2. Whatisyourfavorite/worsesubject?Why?3. Whatdoyouenjoydoinginyoursparetime?4. Whatareyourfutureplans?5. Will yoube taking theuniversity entranceexams?Howwouldyouchangetheseexamsifyoucould?
6. Doyouhaveanysiblings?7. Howdoyougetalongwiththem?8. Howdoyoumakeyour living? /What fieldareyouin?9. Areyouhappywithyourjob?Why/whynot?10. Whatwouldyouratherbedoing?
First and Foremost: • Don’tbeINTIMIDATEDbytheotherexaminee• Youdon’tcarehowgoodorbadheorsheis• Youjustdoyourpart.Theexaminerswillknowwhocandothere-quiredtasksandwhocan’t.Letthembethejudgesanddon’ttrytoshowtheotherexamineeup.
Learn to introduce yourself. Thisstagenooneshouldhaveproblemswith,sinceit’snotreallynew.Inordertofeelcomfortablewiththeotherexamineewhomyoumaynotknow,pretendthatyouareatacafeteriaandyouaremakinganewacquaintance.Insuchacaseyouwouldintroduceyourselfandmakesmalltalk.Thisisexactlywhatisrequiredofyou.
Possible Introductions:
Mynameis……andI’ma……yearold……student.I’m……andI’man……Iworkfor……Icomefromafamilyof……personsandmyhometownis……Mymotherisa……andmyfatherisa……Ihave……siblings,whoareallolderthanIam.Mybestfriendismy……Idon’tlikelivinginAthens,I’dratherlivein……
With a classmate, practice introducing yourself and talking about yourself.UNIT 5
10SpeakingPicture related topics.
1. Doyouwearjewelry?Why/Whynot?
2. Whydoyouthinkmanhasalwaysbeensopre-occupiedwithjewelry,gold,andpreciousstones?
3. Doyouthinkjewelryisastatussymbol? Related Vocabulary
• stones• gems• treasure• priceless• semi-preciousstones• mining• statussymbol• emerald• mine
• materialistic• sapphire• goldrush• gold• ring• necklace• earrings• bracelet• goldmining
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
AGoldRing• shewearsrings• shelikesbluesapphires• there’sagoodsaleongoldrings• mostofherrings=silver• shemaythinkit'stooformal
ExpensiveWatch• sheneedsawatch• getitengraved• mostuseful• she’llweariteveryday
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
PearlNecklace• veryconservative• everygirlshouldhaveone• veryappropriateforawedding• quiteexpensive• statussymbol
SilverBracelet• verymodern• quiteheavy• canbewornallthetime• shelikessilver• moreherageandstyle
The Right Gift
Topic:
Your sister is gettingmarried and youandyourbrotherwanttogetherapieceof jewelrythatshewillcherish forever,andwhichwillremindherofherspecialday. Decide which piece she would bemosthappywith.
UNIT 6
11SpeakingTopic
You and your best friend want to trysomething daring and exciting for achange. You are researching someextremesports soyoucanreachadeci-sion.
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
BungeeJumping• don’tneedequipment• cheaperthanotherextremesports
• canhurtyourback• manylocationsavail-able
Paragliding• needtotakelessonsfirst
• expensivehobby• canbedangerous• nosecondchancesifsomethinggoeswrong
• excitingtosoarlikeabird
• needtotraveltofindappropriatelocation
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
RockClimbing• needequipment• shouldhavegoodpartner
• canbedonealmostanywhereinthiscountry
• canbedangerous• mustknowhowtousesafetyequipment
• verygoodexercise
Parkour• mustbeingoodshape
• helpsyougetaroundwithnoexpense
• canbelotsoffun• manyyoungpeopleareinterested
• it’sthenewfashion• canbedangerous
Dangerous Hobbies
UNIT 7
12SpeakingTopic
You and your best friendwill be attending a CareersDayHappeningat the localCollege. You are interestedinthesamethingsandplantogotoUniversitytogether.Decidewhichcareerappealstobothofyoumost.
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
LaboratoryTechnician• likedoingresearch• scientifically-minded• maymakeamedicaldis-covery–breakthrough
• laboratoryworkinterest-ing
• maybringhomegerms• liketoexperiment
Teacher• longsummersandholi-days
• mustlikekids• musthavetheabilitytoexplainthingstoothers
• it’satalent• canbenerveracking• don’tmakemuchmoney
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
Veterinarian• mustlikeanimals• mustbeavailableallhours
• canbedangerous• canmakeagoodliving• needtosetupanoffice• needmoneytostartoff
PoliceWork• canbedangerous• longhours/nightshifts• lowsalary• canberewardinghelpingpeople
• mustbewillingtosacri-ficepersonallife
Choosing the Right Career
UNIT 8
13Candidate 1 Information Sheet
Stonehenge• ancientDruidtempleinEngland• perfectlycutstones• notechnologyatthattime• nosuchlargestonesinthearea• mysteryhowsuchlargestructurewasbuilt
BermudaTriangle• intheNorthAtlantic• alsoknownastheDevil’sTriangle
• aircraftandshipshavebeensaidtodisappear
• connectedtoAtlantisorUFOs• supernaturalelement?• possiblyamanufacturedmystery
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
FlyingSaucers• dotheyexist?• manypeopleclaimtohaveseenone
• thereseemtobepictures• istherelifeinothergalaxies?• egotisticaltothinkwe’retheonlylivingbeings
ThePhiladelphiaExperiment• failedUSNavyexperiment• associatedwithtimetravel• thecrewoftheshipallsuffered• somemendisappeared• theshipdisappearedfor4hours• stillamysteryastowhatreallyhappened
Unexplained Phenomena
SpeakingTopic
You have been assigned todo research and write anessayononeofthe4topicslisted below. You and yourpartner are very interestedinunexplainedphenomena.Decide which one you willchooseforyourassignment. UNIT 9
14Speaking
Topic
Oneofyourbest friends fromhighschool has looked you up andmayhave a good job offer for you. Youhave not seen each other for 15yearsandyouwanttomakeagoodimpression because your friend isthe president of a very large fami-ly-owned company. You have todecidewhattodofordinner.
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
HaveaBarbeque• youhaveaniceyard• yourboyfriend/girlfriendisgoodatbarbequing
• itwon’tbeexpensive• yourfriendmayfeeluncomfortablewithsome-oneelsethere
• havetocleanupafter-wards
Local“Taverna”• maybetooinformal• excellentfoodandwine• relativelycheap• nocleaningup• cangohavecoffeeathome
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
5-starRestaurant• wanttoimpressfriend• itwillbeexpensive• itmaybetooimpersonal• excellentfoodandservice• you’llhaveprivacy• yourfriendisalittlesnobbishandwilllikeit
CookaHomeMeal• showyouwanttopleaseyourguest
• you’renotaverygoodcook
• itwillcostless• you’llneedtocleanupthehousebeforehand
• you’llhaveprivacy
Business Dinner
UNIT 10
15Speaking
Topic
TheUnitedNationsHeritageProgramishold-ing a competition. They want students fromallovertheworldtopickoutwhichsitefromaround the globe they consider the mostfamous ancient site, in the world. You andyour classmates are trying tomake a choicefromthe4siteslistedbelow.
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
TheEgyptianPyramids
• world’soldestmon-umentalstructures
• datingbackto2600BCE
• largeststructureseverbuild
• builtastombsforpharaohs
• listedamongtheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld
• buildingswithmanyrepresentationsandsymbolism
MachuPicchu• IncasiteinPeru• datingbackto1450• iconoftheIncacivi-lization
• relativelyintactcul-turalsite
• seemslikeitwasabandonedover-night
• discoveredacciden-tally
• stillbeingrestoredtoday
• amongtheNewSevenWondersoftheWorld
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
TheParthenon• theprideofAthens• mostimportantbuildingofClassicalGreece
• symbolofancientGreekcivilization
• builtinthereignofPericles
• amongtheworld’sgreatestmonuments
• finestexampleofarchitecture
EasterIsland• PolynesianislandconsideredaWorldHeritageSite
• discoveredbyDutchexplorer
• 887monumentalstatuesscatteredallovertheisland
• mostfaceawayfromtheoceantoprotectthepeople
• arepresentationofancestorsorsacredspirits
Heritage
UNIT 11
16Speaking
Topic
An upcomingHollywood Director wants to casttheleadingfemaleroleforhisnewromanticcom-edy.Hewantstheopinionofmovie-goersworld-wide to help him choose. The part calls for asweet, sensitive character, to portray Andrea,whoisababy-sitter.Withafrienddecidewhoyouthinkwouldbethebestchoicefromthe4famouscandidates.
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
NataliePortman• AcademyAwardwinner
• looksyoungenoughtobeababy-sitter
• hasasweetlookwhichmakesherlookyoungandsuit-able
• hasasensitivenesstoher
• malefansloveher
AngelinaJolie• mightbetooold• haswonanAcademyAward
• toowomanishandnotgirlishenough
• moresuitedtoanadultrole
• fansloveher• she’sveryexpensive
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
ScarlettJohansson• hasplayedsucharole
• maybetoosexy-lookingforthepart
• excellentactressthoughnoAcademyAward
• fansloveher• wouldhavetobecomeabrunetteforthepart
CateBlanchett• haswonanAcademyAward
• topHollywoodactress
• maynotsuitababy-sitterrole
• couldbealittletooold
• toofeminineforthepart
• mostexpensiveoftheactresses
Role Casting
UNIT 12
17SpeakingTopic
Summerisjustaroundthecornerandyouandyourfriendwanttogetintoshape.Youaretryingtomake a choice of which exerciseregimen to follow, Look at thefour choices and decide whichsportorprogramwouldsuityoubest.
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
TakeupTennis• hasamembershipof$100.00• alwaysneedapartner• mustbuyaracketandballs• getgoodsportshoes• justaroundthecornerfromyourhomes• excellenttennisinstructoravailable
Becomemembersatthelocalswimmingpool• monthlyfeeof$50.00• swimmingisexcellentexercise• onlyafternoonhoursavailableforadults• cangoaloneifoneofyouisbusy• veryclosetohome
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
Jointhecommunitycenterexerciseprogram• minimalfeeof$50.00peryear• differentprogrameveryday• open9amto9pm• canattendasoftenasyoulike• don’tneedapartner• equipmentisavailable
Takeuprockclimbing• veryvigorousexercise• needsstrongarmsandlegs• getsyouintogreatshape• buildsupyourendurance• costis$60.00permonth• needtogetequipment• meetmanyinterestingpeople
Exercise Plan UNIT 13
18SpeakingTopic
Manhascomealongwaysincethedaysofcaveliv-ing.Foryourscienceprojectyouhavetodecidewhichofthefollowingdevelopmentshashelpedmakepeo-ple’sliveseasierandpresentapaperonyourchoice.
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
Electricity• eventhesimplestgad-getsneedelectricity
• lightchangedman’slife
• broughtaboutotherimportantdevelop-ments
• causespollution• wasteproductsareharmful
• radiationaproblem
Transplantsurgery• savesmillionsoflives• givespeopleasecondchance
• notenoughparts• transplantpartssoldtothehighestbidder
• unethicalinsuchcases
• needvolunteerdonors
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
Penicillin• savedmillionsoflives• peoplearesafefrommanylife-threateninggerms
• weover-useit• germsarebecomingimmune
• mustfindsubstitutes
TheAutomobile• changedpeople’slives• couldmovearoundeasily
• movedtosuburbs• maybeastatussym-bolorluxuryitem
• expensive
Evolution
1. Whatdoyouthinklivingconditionswerelikeatthetimeofthecavemen?
2. Ifapersonfromthatperiodfoundhimselfinthiscentury,whatdoyouthinkwouldmakethebig-gestimpressiononhim?
3.Doyouthinkhewouldwanttogobacktohisoldlife?Why/whynot?
UNIT 14
19Speaking
TopicYouaretryingtofindtheperfectMathstutor,togiveyouprivatelessons,tohelpyouget intouniversity.Beloware4possibleoptions,2 foreachcandidate.Choosethebestonebasedonthecharacteristicsasdescribedbyotherstudentsandparents.Readtheoptions.
Candidate 1 Information Sheet
AlanBates
• verygoodlooking• veryfriendly• neverpunctual• verycreativelessonplans• lovesteaching• isarecentgraduate• hisstudentshavea100%successrate
AngelaEvans
• finishedherMaster’sdegreewithhonors• veryshywithstudents• allherprivatestudentsgotintogooduniversi-ties
• notverycreative• assignsalotofhomework• haslostherstudents’papers• lovesherjob
Candidate 2 Information Sheet
JackieHiggins
• 50yearsold• hasworkedasamath’steacherfor25years• worksherstudentstotheground• verymotherly• goodreputationwithstudentsandparents• canbeboring• hasnochildrensolovesherstudents
JeremyIroned
• veryenergeticteacher• has4kidsofhisown• mayforgettousedeodorant• doesn’tlikeweakstudents• knowshowtogetanideaacross• expectsexcellence• likestodrink
Maths Tutor
UNIT 15