TANZANIA COMMUNICATIONS REGULATORY AUTHORITY

TANZANIA COMMUNICATIONS REGULATORY AUTHORITY

ANALOGUE TO DIGITAL MIGRATION PROCESS AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THE BROADBAND AGENDA“TANZANIA EXPERIENCE” ICT CONFERENCE ON BROADBAND ACCESS Kampala Uganda, 15th – 19th April, 2013

PRESENTED BYENG. ANDREW J. KISAKA1 April 22, 2023

Agenda• Migration process in Tanzania• Milestone • Access to broadband• DTT Market and spectrum issues • Challenges• Conclusion

Year Radio Stations

Television Stations

1993 2 0

1994 7 4

1995 9 6

1996 11 6

1997 11 6

1998 11 6

1999 13 6

2000 14 10

2001 19 10

2002 24 13

2003 26 13

2004 32 15

2005 41 16

2006 45 24

2007 47 24

2008 49 27

2009 52 26

2010 69 26

2011 73 26

2012 86 26

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80Trend of Brodacasting Operators in Tanzania

Television StationsRadio StationsNUMBER

YEAR

Num

ber

Adoption of digital broadcasting 2005:Tanzania initiated the migration process by issuing the 1st Public Consultation Document (PCD)on how digital broadcasting may be managed, regulated and implemented 2006: Second Public Consultation Document on

Introduction of Multiplex Operators (Carriers)2006: Formation of the National Technical

Committee to oversee the migration;2007: A series of sensitization to Government

and Media stakeholders;

4 April 22, 2023

Adoption of digital broadcasting 2008: Licensing process of Multiplex Operators through Expression of

Interest (EoI) in the newspapers;

2009: Evaluation of applicants and

2010: Granted National Network Facilities Licence to three Multiplex Operators; Agape Associates Limited, Star Media Tanzania Limited and Basic Transmissions Limited;

2010/2011: Switching ON digital broadcasting and Extensive Public Awareness started countrywide.

December, 2012: Analogue Switch Off (ASO) by phase starting with capital city – Dar es alaam

5 April 22, 2023

Political Will The Government accorded full support to ensure timely migration, as follows:- Government Buy in; Cabinet approval in 2008:- -digital migration roadmap; -digital migration strategy; -communication strategy Support by the President of the URT; 6 April 22, 2023

Communication strategyCommutation Strategy Communication is power. One of the key success factors was to identify and categorize the audience/ profiling for effective outreach:-

2010 TCRA formulated a Communications Strategy (CS) and submitted it to the Government for approval. The Government approved it;The CS provided for all communications outlets including print and electronic media (newspapers, tv/radio), roadshows, talkshows, meetings/seminars, 7 April 22, 2023

Communication Strategy..Co’td jingles and songs(audio and visual) from ward to national level, tailor made for various age groups, various social spheres, government to private sector;2011: The President of the United Republic of Tanzania launched the Public Awareness Campaign and the digital logo on 24th August, 2011 (Fig.2);

t

8 April 22, 2023

DIGITAL LOGO

9 April 22, 2023

Analogue Switch Off (ASO) The National Technical Committee adopted criteria for ASO; The Analogue TV service area should be well covered with digital TV signal Public awareness campaign on digital migration has been sufficiently done Availability of the Set Top Boxes Tax exemption of the STBs 5 FTA TV channels with National Market segment license are available 10 April 22, 2023

Analogue Switch Off (ASO)1.The phased ASO was adopted and executed on December 31st, 2012 starting with Dar Es Salaam (14 Tx sites ) followed by and:-Dodoma (6 Tx Sites) and Tanga (3 Tx sites) on 31st January, 2013;Mwanza (6 Tx Sites) on 28th February, 2013;Arusha (6) and Moshi (6) on 31st March, 2013;Mbeya (4) on 30th April, 2013.

11 April 22, 2023

Analogue Switch Off (ASO)2.Second phase of ASO will involve 13 Tx sites after availability of digital signal (Morogoro, Kigoma, Sumbawanga, Songea, Makambako, Iringa, Lindi, Mtwara, Musoma, Shinyanga, Tabora, Singida and Bukoba) 3.The target is to have fully digital switch-over by 2014 before the general elections in 2015.12 April 22, 2023

DTT market and spectrum issues

DTT market and spectrum issues

Each district headquarters in Tanzania apart of Dar es laam has FIVE digital multiplexes allocated by ITU.

In total Tanzania have been given 83 digital frequency assignments and 431 allotments by ITU in 2006 conference.

Dar es laam has 9 Multiplexes assigned for digital broadcasting

Each Multiplex operator has THREE multiplexes to provide digital broadcasting services.

One third of usage of the Multiplex is expected to be used for FTA programs while the remain capacity will be for subscription and added value services

DTT market and spectrum issuesDigital Dividend (790 - 862 MHz): 40

analogue TV channels will be released for digital broadcasting after the complete analogue switch off

One third of the released analogue TV channels will be used for mobile broadband services

The introduction of DVB-T2 has increased capacity of digital channels

However, the introduction of HDTV, mobile TV, interactive services will create more demand of spectrum

CHALLENGES AFTER ASO

ChallengesReadiness of the people to go digital - Almost 400,000 people subscribed to

digital signal in December 2012 and January 2013 for DSM only

- Call centers were overloaded with phone calls seeking for assistance

Poor digital TV reception on some part of the area

- It was realized that some part of the TWO service areas

(Dar es salaam and Moshi) city was having poor reception of the digital TV signal

- Most of the people have to use outdoor antennae

• Ignorance on connecting decoders and the TV screen

ChallengesInfrastructure sharing - The network facility licensees (Multiplex

operators) are not ready to invest in towers - There is no coordinated efforts among the

Multiplex operators for planning of the new transmission sites

- New transmission sites needs to be identified to cover more than 50 service areas allocated digital frequencies by ITU

- Towers to be built especially in urban areas should be robust to cater for future demand

Access to Broadband

Separation of Jurisdiction

04/22/202320

Granted CSP Licence /Granted Spectrum User licence &

Infrastructure licence( NF)

CSP MUX

CONTENT SERVICE PROVIDER

MULTIPLEX OPERATOR NETWORK

PROVIDER

Key players in the digital broadcastingContent Service Provider (CSP)Multiplex Operator (MUXO)

Content Contribution;Using Satellite InfrastructureUsing Terrestrial Infrastructure i.e. Optic

fiber or Microwave SystemsCurrently broadcasters are using satellite platform for

linking signals with terrestrial transmitters located in different part of the Country

The plan is underway to ensure utilization of terrestrial optic fiber infrastructure to transport video content

Broadcasting Infrastructure

Broadcasting infrastructure

Access to satellite bandwidth;- Due to the size of the Country, 5

Content Service Providers are using satellite bandwidth for Network Contribution/ Distribution

- All THREE Signal Distributors are using satellite bandwidth for Network distribution

- All players are using INTELSAT 906April 22, 202322

Broadcasting infrastructure

Access to Optic Fiber bandwidth

- The plan is underway to ensure that all broadcasting sites are connected with OFC

- The National optic fiber back borne is now passing near to most of the broadcasting/ transmission sites

- The major problem is the last mile connectivity

- The Government has invested to the National Optic fiber back borne, and therefore would like to see optimum utilization of the OFC capacity

April 22, 202323

Infrastructure readiness for OFC

S/ N Region Site Name Coordinated Longitude Latitude 1 Dar Es Salaam Kiswarawe 39 E 12 06 S 50 2 Mbeya Kawetere 33 E 54 08 S 84 3 Arusha Themi Hill 36 E 41 03 S 23 4 Tanga Mnyusi Hill 38 E 35 05 S 07 5 Mwanza Nyashana 32 E 55 02 S 30 6 Dodoma Imagi Hill 35 E 75 06 S 21 7 Moshi Mabungo 36 E 41 03 S 23 8 Iringa Nyamafifi 35 E 72 07 S 76 9 Sumbawanga Malonje 31 E 43 08 S 01 10 Songea Matogoro Hill 35 E 66 10 S 32 11 Singida Nyamikumbi 34 E 75 04 S 85 12 Tabora Kaze Hill 32 E 81 05 S 50 13 Kigoma Mahembe 29 E 72 04 S 83 14 Makambako 15 Lindi Kipehe Transmission Site 39 E 40 09 S 57 16 Mtwara Lilungu 40 E 11 10 S 16 17 Morogoro Bondwa Hill 37 E 39 06 S 47 18 Musoma Kwangwa Hill 33 E 47 01 S 33 19 Shinyanga Kilulu Hill 33 E 16 03 S 48 20 Bukoba Kiziru 31 E 48 01 S 19

Ongoing surveys for the last mile connectivity:

Infrastructure readiness

NICTBB available interface and services FE (100 Mbps) GE (1000 Mbps) STM-1 (155 Mbps)elite STM-4 (620 Mbps) STM-16 (2.5Gbps) STM-64 (10 GE)

Capacity is provided on point –to – point with drop-off points along the primary route

Last mile connectivity to broadcasters site to be provided by network operators

Bandwidth

RESOLUTION

1Mbps

10Mbps

100Mbps

500Mbps

1Gbps

50Mbps

352x288H.261

720x480 1920x1080

MPEG2 / MPEG4

MPEG4H.263MPEG1

DVD

DV

SD

Uncompressed 1080i HD(995 Mbps, 1.3 Gbps, 1.485 Gbps)

Compressed Coded

Compressed HDTV

Uncompressed HDTV

Powerful systemBandwidth guaranteeQuality

Challenges

Understanding of service definition/ business model for broadcasters after digital migration

Broadcasters claim that, the tariff structure is more for telecommunication use and not broadcasting services

Broadcasters readiness/financial commitment Funding of last mile connectivity projects Broadcasters’ extended commitment with

satellite operators

CONCLUSION

The Coming of the Optic Fibre Cable (OFC) in East Africa Region will increase access to broadband servicesThe Satellite and OFC platforms have to co exist and complement each other

29 April 22, 2023

30

Thank You