TALLO/STEM

TALLO/STEM

Functions

STEM

Parts, Internal Structure

• Epidermis• Cortex• Phloem• Cambium• Xylem• Pith

External Structure

• Main Stem: Is the most important stem in the plant; from here is where all branches grows up.

• Branches: They grow from the main stem as this one grows too.

• Main Terminal Bud: Is in charge of the vertical growth of the plant.

• Secondary Terminal Bud: Comes out of the tip of each branch, they are in charge of the growth of the branches.

• Lateral Buds: Are placed on the stem nodes, leaves and flowers arise from them.

• Nodes: Are bulginess in the stem, leaves grows at their level.

• Internodes: Spaces between the nodes.

types of stemaerial

• by shape• its duration• for consistency

underground• Rhizomes• Bulbs• tuber

Aerial by shape

ElbowCrawlingClimbingMercurial

Aerial its duration

AnnualBisanualesPlurisanualesPerennials

Aerial for consistency

WoodySemi-ligneousHerbaceousFistulousCrass

underground

RhizomesBulbstuber

different forms of stemTriangular tapered cylindrical ball racket

Monocots• In most monocots is difficult

to distinguish a vascular cylinder, the system consists of a large number of beams scattered irregularly in several phases, from the periphery to the center near the stem, it is not possible to distinguish the boundaries between the cortex and vascular cylinder.

Dicotyledons• In cross-section of stem of

Dicotyledons, the vascular bundles appear in a circle that bounds an external and an internal region of fundamental tissue, cortex and medular respectively. The vascular bundles are separated by panels of interfascicular parenchyma.