Take out your notebook, pen and highlighter WWI: A New Kind of War CA Standard: 10.5.4 – Understand the nature of war and its human cost on all sides.

• Take out your notebook, pen and highlighter

WWI: A New Kind of War

• CA Standard: 10.5.4– Understand the nature of war and its human cost

on all sides

• Learning Objective:– I will be able to describe what made WWI a

different kind of war.

Ch 11-2A New Kind of War

Vocabulary1. Stalemate

a) Deadlock, where neither side is able to defeat the other

b) Tie, Draw, no one is winning

2. Zeppelina) Large gas filled balloon

Blimp

b) Used to bomb the English coast and Surveillance

3. U-boat (Known as an atrocity to war)a) German Unterseeboot

• Under sea boat– German Submarine: did tremendous damage to allied ships– Sunk merchant ships carrying goods to Britain.

4. Convoya) Group of vehicles (ships)b) allies used the convoys as a defense against u-boats

5. Fronta) Battlefront: the line along which opposing armies face each other

• Western Front: Between France, Belgium, and Germany• Eastern Front: Between Germany and Russia

6. Shrapnel a) Flying debris from artillery shells.- b) Cause major injuries or death

1

Standing Armies in Europe, 1914

11 million 7 Million

Millions

• How has WWI been a different war? - New Technology ( Be specific)

Stalemate on the Western Front

A. The German Schlieffen Plan1. Germany’s plan to quickly defeat France and

then turn and to fight the Russians on the Eastern Front.

B. Main reason 1. To fight the war on one front, instead of two.

• Paris

•Berlin

Belgium

France

Germany

Schlieffen Plan

Russia

Problems with Schlieffen Plan

A. Problems1. Great Britain declared war on Germany.

a) Germany invaded Belgium to get to Germany2. Russians moved in too quickly on the Eastern

Fronta) Germans had to move troops from fighting the French to

fighting the Russians

3. First Battle of the Marnea) France and Britain vs Germans b) Germans lostc) Ended Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on Western

Front.

• Paris

•Berlin

Belgium

France

Germany

Schlieffen PlanFails

Russia

Britain

Western Front

Eastern Front

Trench Warfare

A. Trench warfare1. Both sides dug ditches at least 6 ft deep for protection and to

hold positiona) Caused a long deadly stalemate. (deadlock, where no one is winning)

2. The Western Fronta) Battles lines remained almost unchanged for 4 years.

3. Caused by new technology B. Problems with Trench Warfare

A. Soldiers stuck in trenches for long periods of timeA. They had to do everything in trench.

B. The stench of death all aroundC. Loud, dirty, lonelyD. Rats, disease, lice, fleas, etc.E. When it rained trenches filled with water.

A. Cold temp and water caused Trench Foot

Trench Foot

Trench

• Describe the Schlieffen Plan and the main reason for the plan.

Trench Warfare Video

• Video

Machine Guns and Artillery

A. Two of the newest and most devastating weapons

1. Machine Guna) 500-600 bullets per minute

2. Long Range Artillery Guna) attacked enemy from more

than 10 miles away• Shrapnel killed or wounded

enemy

World War I Machine Gun

Artillery Gun

Technology and Modern Warfare

A. Poison Gas1. Chlorine Gas

a) Suffocated enemy2. Mustard Gas

a) Burned skin and blinded3. Major Problem

a) Wind direction

B. Protection against Poison Gas1. Gas Mask 2. Cover-all Uniforms

Early Gas Mask

Tanks

A. Britain introduced the 1st Tank1. Designed to move across “No Man’s Land”2. Major Problem

a) Tanks often broke downb) Germans destroyed tanks with flame throwers.

British mark V tank

French tankUS tank

WWII Flame Thrower

A. Problem with Flame Thrower. B. Gas tanks are easy targets.

Grenades

Grenade Launcher

Mortars

Launch bombs at a high angle

US German

FrenchRussian

Pistols

• On the same piece of paper answer the question below

• Explain Trench Warfare and what it caused?

• You have Five Minutes to Complete the assignment quietly.

AirplanesA. Airplanes

1. Designed to simply observe enemy troop movement

2. Attached Machine guns to planes 3. Pilots became known as Flying Aces4. Airplane fights became known as

a) Dog fights

B. Problem1. Planes had little effect on ground war

Air warfare video

Submarines• German U-Boats

– Did tremendous damage to Allied ships.• Sunk both naval and merchant ships

• Defense against U-Boats– Allies organized convoys, group of ships protected by

warships.

• Considered Atrocity to war

German U-Boat (submarine)

Battles• 1914 First Battle of the Marne

• France and Britain vs Germans – Germans lost

• Ended Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on Western Front.

1914 Tannenberg (In Germany)– Russians vs Germans

• Germans won– Forced Russians back to Russia– Russia was poorly equipped to fight a modern war

1915 Gallipoli (Ottoman Empire) British, Indians, Australian, and New Zealander

vs. Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire won

Gained control of the Dardanelles straitBlocked Supplies to Russia

Western FrontBattle line

Eastern FrontBattle line

Germany

Austria-Hungary

Russia

France

Italy

Belgium

Ottoman Empire

Western FrontBattle line

Eastern FrontBattle line

Germany

Austria-Hungary

Russia

France

Italy

World War I

Major Battles

BattlefrontBelgium

Somme

MarneVerdun

Caporetto

Tannenburg

Gallipoli

Ottoman Empire

Armenian massacre

• Ottomans vs. Russians (WWI)• Armenians Christians helped the Russians.

• Problem• Armenians Christians are from Ottoman Empire.

• Backstabbing their country

• Solution• Deport the Armenians to Syria.• On the way to Syria, between 600,000 and 1.5

million Armenians were killed.

• Arabs also betrayed the Ottomans– Arabs were able to take over the key city of

Baghdad– Minorities in the Turkey

OttomanEmpire

Russia

Armenians

ArabsRebel

• BaghdadSyria

All Quiet on the Western Front

• All Quiet on the Western Front• Book

• Its about a young German soldier’s life in the trenches on the Western Front.

Stop