Take off with history! Welcome to January 1! Historical brains engaged…commence ignition!

Take off with history!Welcome to January 1!

Historical brains engaged…commence ignition!

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45 B.C.E.: New Year’s Day celebrations begin in Italy. What do you and your familytraditionally do to celebrate the first dayof a new year?

Immigrant: A person who comes from another country and seeks residency in our country. What are some of the reasons people chose to come to America?

1892: Ellis Island opens for the first time.This spot was often the first glimpse of theUnited States for immigrants from aroundthe world. Think of at least five challenges they might face given the opportunity to live in the United States.

Who am I?• I keep myself in stitches!• I was born in 1752!• My sewing creation was a hit!• The three colors I used (plus those silly• stars and stripes) made national history!



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Bonus Corner:What did Isaac Asimov, writer of I Robot and many other novels, mean by this statement? Was he being egotistical or funny?“People who think they know everything are a great annoyance to those of us who do.”

1839: A French photographer made the first photograph of the moon. What might be difficult about photographing the moon?

Reserved powers: Powers that are givento the states instead of the federal government. Why are things such as education and marriage licensing procedures(among many others) given to the states?

1967: Ronald Reagan, a former actor, becomes Governor of California and laterbecomes the President of the United States. What skills does an actor possess that might allow him/her to find success in politics?

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1868: Japan unites after 700 years, joiningnobles and samurais together. The Japanese culture has a strong basis on principles and moral living. What are a fewthings that should top everyone’s list of priorities as a human being (such as being honest, etc.)

Wants: Items that individuals desire. Wantsare the opposite of Needs. What is the difference between these two terms?

1983: Time magazine always names the “Man of the Year”. On this year, they namedthe computer, indicating that it would drastically change all of our lives. Make a list of 10 things you have done today and how technology is involved in each.

Who I am?• I was born on this day in 1892.• I love to write and have featured short men with hairy feet in several of my books.• One of my evil characters often refers to“My precious!”



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1642: Isaac Newton is born. We all know ofhis insights concerning gravity but he also theorized that a cannonball, shot far enough,would orbit the earth. Today, satellites use this natural phenomena to transmit information. What amazes you more; that this exists or that someone long ago knew it?

Culture: The patterns of behavior (dress, food,jobs, etc.) of a group of people. Each of usare often part of different cultures, basedon our origin, family, work and faith. What culture(s) do you identify with and why?

1954: For his mom’s birthday, Elvis Presleyrecorded his first song. The office worker was so impressed, she took it to a recordingstudio, Elvis auditioned and the song was number 4 in the country and western chartsin a week. Create a quote Elvis might of said after this instant fame.

1809: On this day, Louis Braille was born. He developed a system of raised dots on A page that could be “read” by the blind. Many innovations exist for the handicapped people of the world. What innovations have you notice that assist persons to live theirlives?



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1922: Sir Ernest Shackleton dies on his fourth trip to Antarctica. What do you thinkdrives a man such as this to explore repeatedly an environment that is as harshas Antarctica?

Colonization: The governing of a nation byanother. Often, this is the result of conquest. What are the positives of colonization for both the governing nationand the colony? What are the drawbacks?

1846: The House of Representatives endedthe sharing of the Oregon Territory with the British. This was a significant time afterthe Revolutionary War. Why do you thinkit took so long for this to happen?

1876: Konrad Adenauer was born on this day.He took on the difficult task of leading Germany after World War II. He once said:“History is the sum total of things that could have been avoided.”Do you perceive him as a wise man or not? Justify your position.



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1839: A terrible storm hits Ireland, taking200 lives and creating widespread damage. What kinds of things are in place today that hopefully limit the consequences of powerful storms?

Executive: The branch of the government filled by the president. What would exciteyou to be the President of the United Statesand what would you fear?

1759: George Washington marries Martha Custis and she holds a unique honor, besides being the First Lady first! She was the first woman shown on money(the $1.00 from 1886) and stamps (1902). What other famous Americans do you feelshould receive such an honor who have not yet done so?

1799: Jedediah Smith was born on this day.He was an early explorer and was first to reach California by land. He also survived three massacres and one bear encounter. Write a quote that one of his traveling companions might have said after he survived these events.



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1610: Galileo Galilei discover three of Jupiter’s moons. He inferred they weremoons because of how they moved. What is your prediction of how our moonwill be used in your lifetime? Will we inhabit it?

Artifact: A remnant left by a previous generation. What artifacts do you thinkyour generation will leave for the future?

1789: The first presidential election is near.On this date, electors for the electoral college are elected for the first time. Whodo you think is allowed to vote at this time?

What was first made practical on this dateIn 1839?• This will capture anything!• You will need to snap it to capture it!• It will be known as worth a thousand words!• I “shutter” to think of its many uses!



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1656: The Haarlems Dagblad, a Dutch newspaper, is the oldest newspaper still inexistence today. What do you predict is the future for newspapers? Will they survive the technological age?

Amend: To add further details, especially with laws that need more clarification. We continue to amend our constitution to reflect new trends and circumstances that did not exist when it was written. What is youropinion: would it be better to continue to amend or start the whole document over?

1867: The 15th amendment finally legalizesvoting rights for African American males. How would this have changed how politicalcandidates campaigned?

Born on this day:• The year was 1935.• He was born in Tupelo, Mississippi.• He was an entertainer whose style was not always appreciated by the older folks• He was “The King of Rock and Roll”!



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1493: Christopher Columbus located a sea creature that he thought was “Not as beautiful as they are painted”. He had found a manatee but what creature did hethink he had found?

Rural: Areas outside of city limits; the countryside. Our country’s residents used to be primarily rural and now we are primarilyurban. What contributed to the change in where people chose to live?

1887: Because of a dry summer and much winter snow, half of all cattle were lost inMontana, Wyoming and the Dakotas. Whatmight the ranchers have done the followingyear to prevent such losses?

Who am I?• I was born in 1913 in California.• I was a naval Lieutenant commander.• I was the 37th President of the United States.• I had an issue during my presidency andI am the only president to ever resign.



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1839: The British have always been fond oftea. Part of their frustration with theAmerican colonies was over tea.On this date, the British beganreceiving tea from India, one oftheir other colonies. What do youthink of tea?

Caste system: A system of social status,part of the Indian culture. If you are born into a lower class, it is impossible to elevatebeyond that in the traditional system. Howdoes that change the way you might view your future?

1901: The place was Beaumont, Texas. Theevent was the discovery crude oil. This revolutionized the emerging automobile industry at a much quicker pace. What is the role of the automobile in today’s culture?

Discuss these words of George WashingtonCarver, born on this day in 1864:“How far you go in life depends on your being tender with the young, compassionate with the aged, sympathetic with the striving and tolerant of the weak and strong. Because someday in your life you will have been all of these.”



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1928: Stalin banishes Leon Trotsky, leader of the Bolshevik Revolution. Stalin was known for running Russia with an iron handand Stalin continued to eliminate all politicalopponents. Imagine you are one of his opponents. Pen a short note to Stalin as to the reasons for your departure.

Dictatorship: Leadership style in which the leader makes all decisions without requiredinput. Stalin was a dictator. What is life likefor ordinary people under this type of rule?

1935: Amelia Earhart leaves Honolulu for Oakland and lands 18 hours later. This marksthe first solo flight across that portion of the Pacific. Predict difficulties she would have on a solo flight across an ocean inan airplane for 18 hours!

What book am I?• I was written by George Orwell in 1945.• I was based on the Bolshevik Revolution.• The setting was rural.• The pigs were in charge!



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1665: Pierre de Fermat is born. He trainedto be an attorney but was also a mathematician and is credited with developing the beginning theories of calculus. What is your favorite part of mathematics and why?

Human resources: The value in the people of a nation. We are a nation of great diversity. How do you think that elevates our human resource capabilities? Give specific examples.

1937: Chester Lawton is not a household name but this New Jersey boy developedthe technology for submarines to dig trenches underwater and the ability to layboth telephone and telegraph lines. List other ways that this technology could beused.

Who am I?• I was British born.• I died on this date in 1976 at 85.• I was the best selling novelist of all time.• I wrote many mysteries and my characters included Hercule Poirot andJane Marple.



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1842: A British doctor reaches Afghanistan(Jalalabad) and is the lone survivor of an expedition group of 16,000. Imagine his theory on life at this point. Imagine and write his perspective on his experience.

Migration: A regular movement, often with animals but also with nomadic people,to seasonally travel from one place to another. Describe an animal group anda human group that “migrate”.

1933: Babe Didrikson Zaharias was knownfor starting woman’s golf but she also wonthe javelin and 80 meter sprint in the 1932Olympic Games along with scoring, on thisdate, 9 points as a basketball professional.What professional woman’s sport would you either like to participate in or be a spectator for and why?

On this day in 1962, Chubby Checker’s number one song, “The Twist”, hit number one again being the only song to hit numberone twice. Clink the link to hear the song and see the dance it represents!Click here.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=im9XuJJXylw



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1690: The clarinet is invented in Germany.It is a reed instrument that has a mid-rangetone and is a part of most bands. Music is a key element in our world. Share what instrument you play, would like to play and what instruments you enjoy listening to.

Traitor: A person who betrays the secretsof one’s own country. Benedict Arnold, born on this day in 1741, was said to be a traitor. Is a traitor always a traitor or isit a matter of perspective? Argue that position.

1914: The first moving assembly line is developed by Ford Motor Company. Insteadof goods being moved by human labor, a machine took over the work. What advantages would there be to this innovation?

Comment on a quote by Albert Schweitzerwho was born on this date (1875) and set up a native hospital in Africa:“Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful.”



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1951: Ilse Koch sounds like such a pleasant name but this woman was convicted of atrocities committed at Buchenwald Concentration Camp where herhusband was commandant. Do you think her life imprisonment was fair? Explain.

Tyrant: A person who wields unjust power over others. We often calls these persons bullies. What are some strategies you can utilize when you come ace to face with a tyrant?

1929: On this date, Martin Luther King, Jr. was born. Although his life did not last long,his non-violent approach to protest lives on.In what ways can you show displeasurenon-violently?

“Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can do that.”Martin Luther King, Jr. penned these words. In what ways can we follow his example?



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1959: Fidel Castro takes over control of Cuba. This greatly frightened the United States because of Cuba’s proximity to theUnited States and Castro’s communistic beliefs. Where is Cuba, in relation to the United States?

Containment: Limiting the spread of something. When Castro took over Cuba, American’s wanted communism contained so that it did not spread to our other neighbors. Why would it be important to control the governmental beliefs of ourneighbors .

1919: Prohibition becomes law on this date. It made it illegal to make, sell or transport alcoholic beverages. As a result, alcohol consumption went up. Why do you think that was the outcome?

“I feel more comfortable with gorillas than people. I can anticipate what a gorilla's going to do, and they're purely motivated.”Dian Fossey, born on this date in 1932, spent most of her adult life living amongst the gorillas. What does she mean in her quote by the words “purely motivated?”



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1905: In Bergen, Norway, 59 people die when a rock slide, in a fjord, creates a 20 feet wave, sweeping them to their death. What is a fjord?

Republic: The government style that allows the people have a say in the decisions being made. People vote in representatives that concur with their belief system. Our early government was a republic. What are advantages and disadvantages of this style?

1994: Registering 6.7 on the Richter scale,Los Angeles sustained the strongest earthquake in urban history. Highways and multiple structures collapsed, creating havoc. What are steps that individuals can take to limit injury and promote well-being in earthquake prone areas?

Who am I?• I was born on this day in 1706.• I was an inventor, author and statesman.• Most people see me with glasses.• I am shocked when I go kite flying!



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1919: The Paris Peace Conference begins.The Allied Nations met to determine the consequences Germany was to face as a result of starting World War I. Why were the results of this conference harsh? What was the long-term outcome of the harsh sanctions against Germany?

Propaganda: The delivery of information, usually from a government, that biases thepresentation in a certain way (making some-thing more or less favorable than it really is).This is used often in advertising. Give severalexamples.

1943: The war required great compromisefor the people at home. In order to limit the demand for metal, bread was purchasedbut it was different that ours today. How was it different?

Who am I?• I was born on this day in 1882.• I loved to write. • Most of my characters, in my most belovedbook, were animals.• Who wouldn’t want a yellow, all loving bear as you best friend?



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1915: Do you love or hate the bright lightsof big cities? Those neon lights were patented by George Claude, a man from Paris. Write a brief note to George, either praising or criticizing him for his invention.

Absolute location: Where something is positioned in an exact way. What are examples of this type of location (think0f your house and also places on a map)?

1840: Charles Wilkes, after exploring the eastern side of Antarctica, claimed it for the United States. Should a place, like Antarctica, be “owned or governed” by any one country? Share your viewpoint.

49 B.C.E.: Julius Caesar, as he lead his army into Italy, said, Lacta alea est which translates into “the die is cast.” What does that mean?



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1841: China, during the Opium War, givesup the island of Hong Kong to the British.Hong Kong now is part of China once again.What continent is China located on and is it on the eastern or western side of that continent?

Embargo: The refusal to allow goods to arrive or purchase goods from a certain location. What items do Americans sometimes refuse to purchase as a meansof protest?

1961: On this date, John F. Kennedy becomes the youngest president of the United States. What happened to him afterserving less than three years, on November 22,1963?

What am I?• I was patented on this day in 1885.• I’ve got to admit, I have my ups and downs.• I use a track.• I am found at a park.• I am a great ride but most riders scream!



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1472: A comet passes by Earth close enough to be seen in the daytime. Ancientpeople were very superstitious. Create a brief dialogue between persons who witnessed this event.

Racism: The belief that an ethnic group is inferior. We have seen many evidences of racism. List 4-5 that you can identify.

1980: Gold hits $850 and three months earlier, it was $381. Imagine you invested at the earlier level and now plan to sell off.What will you do with your new found wealth?

Who was I?• I was born in 1824.• I became a general in the Civil War.• I could stall like no other – that’s how• I got the nickname of “Stonewall”.



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1901: Queen Victoria dies after a reign of 63 years. Her reign began in 1838. Makea list of things she might have witnessed or heard about during her reign.

Due process: One of the fundamental beliefs of American Justice. The Judicial System in the United States is far from perfect but it is designed to follow the law and legal proceedings. Think of recent, public decisions. Is our system fair or not? Support your position.

1973: In a monumental court decision, women could end a pregnancy in the the first two trimesters as a result of Roe v. Wade. It effected 46 states as a consequence. Do you feel this should be afederal or state decision? Support yourstance.

U Thant, secretary-general of the UnitedNations and born on this day in 1909, saidthe following:“The war we have to wage today has only one goal and that is to make the world safe for diversity.”Why is diversity so valuable?



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1896: The first demonstration of an x-raymachine is shown in Wurzburg, Germany.This medical tool has assisted in diagnosis.Share a time when either you or someoneyou know had an x-ray and what was determined as a result.

Specialization: The subdividing of a group into smaller, focus groups. Elizabeth Blackwell received her medical degree butthen went on to specialize in gynecology. What would you like to do as a career and what would be your specialty?

1849: Elizabeth Blackwell becomes the firstFemale physician in the United States. She was rejected from most university programs and was harassed at Geneva College whereshe subsequently received her degree. What would you be so passionate about thatyou would be willing to endure some harassment?

1971: Lowest recorded temperature in the United States at Prospect Creek Camp,Alaska. Was it:1. -45 degrees Fahrenheit.2. -68 degrees Fahrenheit.3. -80 degrees Fahrenheit.4. -92 degrees Fahrenheit.



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1935: Mussolini, one of the three key leaders of the Axis in World War II, dismissed all of the Italian Cabinet members. What would be the reason for a person to do this?

Equality: Providing the same opportunities toall, regardless of race, creed or other distinctive characteristic. Maria Tallchief leadthe way for future Native Americans in the area of ballet. What other persons lead the way in their respective fields?

1958: Nuclear fusion is achieved which creates greater power. This may someday provide an alternative to fossil fuels. What could be the dangers of such greatpower?

Which is not true of Maria Tallchief who wasBorn on this date in 1925:1. She was of Native American heritage.2. She was the first American prima ballerina.3. She transformed modern ballet.4. She began formal dance lessons at 5.



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1924: The first Winter Olympic Games wereheld in the French Alps. The competitionsincluded bobsled, ski jumping and 12 otherevents. Imagine the challenges that teams from other parts of the world faced! Tracethe difficulties from planning to departureto competing, etc.

Topographical: A map type that shows elevation, often with the use on contour lines. How do the lines look on a topographic map if there is steep elevation?

1890: Nellie Bly, news reporter, makes it around the world in a little over 72 days.She bested the standard set by the fictional book Around the World in 80 Days. Who wrote this classic?

1974: The first heart transplant was successfully completed on this date inSouth Africa. This procedure revolutionizedthe field of medicine. What future “transforming skills” do you hope are perfected in your lifetime in the field ofmedicine?



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1788: What do you do when you have toomany prisoners? Britain has a plan. They put them aboard a ship and traveled to a faraway island, leaving them there. Thatisland became known as Australia. How do you think these beginnings impacted the people of that nation continent?

Supply: The quantity of an available product.If the supply is small but the demand high, the price goes up. What have you noticed has gone down in price as it has become more available?

1934: Samuel Goldwyn bought the rightsto the film that catapulted a young 17 year old singer to stardom. What was the name of the film and the actress?(Hint: Lions and Tigers and Bears…Oh MY!)

Douglas MacArthur, American General in World War II, said the following:“The soldier above all others prays for peace, for it is the soldier who must suffer and bear the deepest wounds and scars of war.”What should our response be as citizens of a nation as young warriors return home?



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1923: The first rally was held on this day for the National Socialist Party which laterbecame the Nazi Party. Why do you think this party backed young Adolf Hitler in later years?

Political Party: A group of people who are like-minded in their views on how a nationshould be run. What are the plusses and minuses of this system?

1825: It was known as the “Trail of Tears”as thousands of Native Americans were forced into relocation by the government. Inwhat ways do the “tears” still continuetoday for the Native Americans?

1756: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born.His accomplishments included composingover 600 pieces of orchestral and choral music. Although history regards him as anunparalleled talent, he struggled financiallyall of his life. Why does mankind sometimes fail to recognize the genius among them?



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1573: The Compact of Warsaw is enactedand religious freedom is guaranteed. Throughout history, the need for people topractice their faith as they desire has beencontested. Why is this issue reoccurring through time?

Incumbent: Currently in office. Often, in elections, the incumbent candidate has an advantage if they have done well because they already have the experience needed to do the job. Sometimes, people vote for a change. What is the appeal in running forpolitical office?

1902: We find that those that have self made wealth often appreciate their humblebeginnings. Andrew Carnegie donated $350 million to further the study of biology, astronomy and earth science. Which of those three fields interests you the most andwhy?

1986: In this year, the Challenger space shuttle lifts off and in 73 seconds, explodeskilling all aboard and dashing the hopes of many. Watch this tragic event via the link.Click here.

http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=challenger+disaster&FORM=VIRE1



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1886: Karl Benz patents his three-wheeledinvention which is the first practical internal-combustion vehicle. We have comea long way since that time. What is your dream car?

Human features: The type of skill base and Characteristics of a nation’s people. WhatAre some of the strengths we as Americanspossess? What areas could we stand to improve on?

1936: The Baseball Hall of Fame inducts its first five members. That number has grown to 254 members and continues to expand. Who were those first five members?

W.C. Fields, comedian and actor, was bornon this day in 1880. Below is one of hismemorable comments:“Start every day off with a smile and get it over with.”What do you think of this philosophy?



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1948: Gandhi is assassinated. MohandasGandhi was the leader of the non-violent protest in India and was killed by an extremist who thought his peaceful methodswere wrong. Why do you think peaceful protestors, like Gandhi, are often killed?

Unemployment rate: The percent of persons without a job. During the Great Depression, many were unemployed and the future was bleak. The 32nd presidentput several job reforms in place to alleviatethe challenge. Why was being jobless so depressing?

1847: A community calledYerba Buena is renamed. The new name is San Francisco and as is often said, the rest is history. What makesSan Francisco so universally appealing?

Who am I?• I was the 32nd president.• I was the only president to serve 3 terms.• I developed plans to get America out of

the Great Depression.• I was president during WW II and said, of Pearl Harbor, “A day that will live in infamy!”



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1915: On the Russian Front, poisonous gaswas used for the first time. What makes this kind of weapon such an unfair one?

Serfdom: Slavery of a sort in the middle ages.Why is it so common for some men to dominate other men?

1865: The House of Representatives passesthe 13th amendment which abolishes slavery. Slavery has been a part of the earlycolonies since the early 1600s. Why was slavery allowed to flourish for so long?

1863: The first African American infantry is established on this date. They fought withlittle recognition but great valor. What did they have to gain and what did they have to lose?

Take off with history! Welcome to January 1! Historical brains engaged…commence ignition!

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national history

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aroundthe world

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