Takahiro Yamada Assistant Chief METI Agency for Natural Resources and Energy 26th APEC EGNRET April 4, 2006 Auckland, New Zealand Private Sector Activities in Domestic New and Renewable Energy Technologies in Japan Hiroyuki Kato-Deputy Director Ken Johnson-Advisor NEDO International Projects Management Division
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Takahiro Yamada Assistant Chief METI Agency for Natural Resources and Energy 26th APEC EGNRET April 4, 2006 Auckland, New Zealand Private Sector Activities.
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Takahiro Yamada
Assistant ChiefMETIAgency for Natural Resources and Energy
26th APEC EGNRET
April 4, 2006
Auckland, New Zealand
Private Sector Activities in Domestic New and Renewable Energy Technologies in
Japan
Hiroyuki Kato-Deputy Director
Ken Johnson-Advisor
NEDOInternational Projects Management Division
2
New & Renewable Energy Utilization Targets
0
5
10
15
20
2002 410 2.2%
2010 2030 Target: 425 MKOE
(4.5%)
Biomass power generation ( 0.34)Biomass heat utilization ( 3.1)Black liquor, woody waste (4.7)Waste heat utilizationNon-use energySolar thermal utilizationWaste power generationWind power generationPhotovoltaic generation
New
ene
rgy
sum
tot
al(M
KO
E)
Biomass
Bioenergy9.2
19.1
4.74.8
4.8
1.5 2.1
5.5
PV
20024102.2%
20304254.5%
Year:Total Energy
Consumption:N&RE Share:
(excluding hydroelectric generation)
Wind Power
10.5
(Unit: MKOE: Million Kiloliter Oil Equivalent)
3
Cumulative Installed PV Capacity
IEA/PVPS Task 1,“Trends in Photovoltaic Applications,” Sept. 2005
US365MW(14%)
Photovoltaics:
4
Production Capacity and Overseas Development
Manufacturers
(materials)
Domestic cell production capacity (MW) Overseas module production
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 After 2006
SHARP Corporation(Single crystal Si, polycrystal Si, thin-film Si solar cells)
Photovoltaics:Private Sector Activities/ChallengesSharp Corporation•Strengthen marketing to domestic industrial users, increase industrial sales from 10% 30%•Expect total PV sales of $1.67B in 2006
Kyocera Corporation•Developed low-cost granular-silicon solar cells (Silicon granules <1mm in diameter)
Sanyo Electric Co.•Expand investments to increase PV production capacity•Domestically: 160MW (2005) 250MW (2007)•Internationally: 50MW (2005) 100MW (2006)
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation•Developed system to forecast PV generation by monitoring cloud movement with camera; Benefits: effective use of backup power, less impact on power grids
Tokuyama Corporation•Largest Japanese producer of polysilicon (#2 worldwide)•Researching feasibility of Vapor to Liquid Deposition (VLD) technology to overcome worldwide shortage of polysilicon supply
Showa Shell Sekiyu•Will commence silicon-free, thin-film CIS (Copper, Indium, Selenium) PV cell production in 2007
5. Ie island, Okinawa Pref. (Asahi Breweries, Ltd.)
1. Tokachi, Hokkaido (Tokachi Zaidan, etc.)
[METI / MOE]
[METI / MOAFF / MOE / CAO]
Ethanol manufacturing from substandard wheatand maize/E3 (gasohol) demonstration
Ethanol manufacturing from sorgum/E3 (gasohol) demonstration
Ethanol manufacturing from construction waste/E3 (gasohol) demonstration
Demonstrative manufacturing of ethanol from mill ends
Ethanol manufacturing from sugarcane/E3 (gasohol) demonstration
Ethanol manufacturing from sugarcane/E3 (gasohol) demonstration
[METI / MOAFF / MOE / CAO]
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Biomass Utilization—Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding
Bioethanol Demonstration Plant• Cellulosic ethanol demonstration plant using wo
od-based feedstock (June 2005)
• Feedstocks derived from wood chips and waste
wood collected from forestry industry
• Sugar mixed with yeast for fermentation
• MES’ Zeolite membrane used to obtain absolute
ethanol
• Production capacity: 250kg of absolute ethanol/day
• Capable of processing 2 tons of wood waste/da
y
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BIOMASS:Oil Industry Efforts for Bioethanol Introduction
Japanese Government announced (January 18, 2006) implementation of “Utilization
of Biomass Fuels for Transportation,” as part of its “Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement
Plan,” under the following policies/conditions:
1) Members of the Petroleum Association of Japan shall be actively engaged in blending bioethanol fuel for transportation. Target blend 20% of gasoline (bioethanol ETBE) by 2010. (Approximately 360,000KL/year = approximately 210,000KL/year crude oil equivalent)
2) Bioethanol introduction shall not: a) negatively impact air quality, or b) compromise safety or automobile performance.
3) Risk assessments necessary for mixing ETBE with gasoline must be conducted prior to bioethanol introduction, since ETBE is designated as one of the “TYPE Monitoring ⅡChemical Substances” of “the Chemical Substances Control Law.”
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BIOMASS: ETBE Introduction Scale (1/3)- For a stable and long-term supply
1) Ethanol, a raw material for ETBE, is limited in supply
Brazil is the only major ethanol exporter
↓ Other countries such as U.S. and China can only meet domestic consumption Scant ethanol production in Japan
Ethanol Producing Countries (2004/2005)
Production capacity
Brazil 15,000,000 kl
U.S. 14,000,000 kl
China 3,000,000 kl
Europe 2,000,000 kl
Others 7,000,000 kl
World production capacity 41,000,000 kl
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ETBE Introduction Scale (2/3) - For a stable and long-term supply
2) ETBE is limited in supply
a) Japan’s maximum domestic production capacity if 4 existing, idled MTBE* plants were converted to ETBE production: 400,000 kl/year MTBE was produced until 2001 Maximum domestic isobutene production: approx. 630,000 tons/year
b) Potential overseas supplies of ETBE: Europe: domestic production and consumption of ETBE, but no overcapacity U.S.: MTBE plants exist that could possibly be converted to ETBE production?
*MTBE: methyl tertiary-butyl ether, a fuel synthesized from methanol (from natural gas) and isobutene
Enables maximum annual production of ETBE of 1,500,000kl
Ethanol* is 20 to 30 yen/l more expensive than gasoline** when calculated by calorific value equivalence (based on recent import price)
(*Ethanol price: import price (excluding custom duty) of ethanol for industrial and beverage use calculated on an equivalent calorific comparison versus gasoline (60%))