April 2014 Shaping policy for development odi.org Tackling childhood poverty and vulnerability: making the Palestinian National Cash Transfer Programme more effective for children Paola Pereznieto, Nicola Jones, Bassam Abu Hamad and Mohammed Shaheen with Kathryn O’Neill The Palestinian National Cash Transfer Programme (PNCTP) is well targeted to reach the poorest households in Gaza and the West Bank. Children benefit from its effects on household economic strengthening, especially in terms of improved health and nutrition. The PNCTP is not child-focused. Key dimensions of children’s right to social protection and a life free from poverty and vulnerability are not sufficiently addressed. The PNCTP could be more child-sensitive if it had stronger linkages to relevant complementary services that tackle children’s broader vulnerabilities. Key vulnerabilities facing children that require urgent attention and could be supported by the PNCTP include: support to complete higher secondary school; protection from violence; recreational activities for boys and girls; and better care for children with disabilities.