Table of Contents Interactions Among Earth’s Spheres Energy in Earth’s Atmosphere Climate and Climate Regions Natural Disasters in Florida Composition.

Table of Contents

Interactions Among Earth’s Spheres

Energy in Earth’s Atmosphere

Climate and Climate Regions

Natural Disasters in Florida

Composition & Structure of the Atmosphere

Human Activities and Climate Change

Climate Interactions

Interactions Among Earth’s Spheres

The Earth SystemEarth has five spheres.

Radiation From the SunEnergy travels to Earth as electromagnetic waves. What are the types of electromagnetic radiation in the diagram?


Energy in the AtmosphereSome wavelengths reach Earth’s surface. Other wavelengths are completely or partially absorbed in the atmosphere.


Use the higher percentages below to show a bar graph. Give it a title.


Energy at Earth’s SurfaceComplete each sentence with a word from the Word Bank to learn what is happening to the energy at Earth's surface and in the lower atmosphere.


Greenhouse EffectThe greenhouse effect is a natural heat-trapping process. What is the sequence of events that causes it to occur?


Heating of Earth’s SurfaceThe angle of the sun's rays causes temperature differences at Earth's surface. Which areas on Earth receives the most direct light from the sun, and which areas receive the least?


The Coriolis EffectThe Coriolis effect determines the direction of global winds.


Global Wind BeltsThe Coriolis effect and other factors combine to produce a pattern of wind belts and calm areas around Earth. Match the descriptions of the global winds with their location on the globe.


Reading Climate GraphsA graph of temperature can be combined with a graph of precipitation to form a climate graph. The graphs below show climate data for Makindu, Kenya.


Bangkok, ThailandA tropical, rainy climate.



Orlando, FloridaNearly all of Florida lies within a temperate marine climate.

Godthåb, GreenlandPolar climates are the coldest climates. In polar climates, short, cool summers follow bitterly cold winters.


Mexico City, MexicoThe climate on the lower slopes of a mountain range is like that of the surrounding countryside. But in the highlands, or the higher slopes of mountains, temperatures are lower and precipitation increases.


Moving ContinentsHow has continental movement affected climate?


Glaciers in North AmericaThe map shows the parts of North America that were covered by glaciers 18,000 years ago.


Ice Ages and TemperatureThe estimated average worldwide temperature for the past 350,000 years was about 14°C. Cold glacial periods have alternated with warm interglacial periods.



Ben wants to know the average number of hurricanes that struck the east coast annually from 2003 through 2008. Which measure of central tendency should Ben use?


Hurricane PathsThe east coast of the United States, including Florida, is at high risk for hurricanes.


Florida DisastersNatural disasters have greatly affected human life in Florida. Can you point to an area on the map that was affected by a disaster?


Warnings about Possible StormsWhat is the appropriate storm related to each sign?


Gases in the AirWhich circle graph shows the correct percentage of gases in the atmosphere? How should each portion of the graph be labeled? What would be a good title for the graph?

Troposphere and StratosphereEarth's weather occurs in the troposphere. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer.


Changing TemperaturesThe graph shows how temperatures in the atmosphere change with altitude.


Mesosphere and ThermosphereThe mesosphere protects Earth’s surface from being hit by most meteoroids. In the thermosphere, the air is thin and you cannot feel heat.



Ozone CycleOzone in the atmosphere is constantly being created and destroyed.


Ozone HoleThe ozone hole (shown in blue) is over Antarctica. The hole has grown over time, but its size varies seasonally and from year to year. Mario José Molina and two other scientists won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1995 for their theory that gases used in many household products help create the hole.

Greenhouse EffectWhich word in the Word Bank completes each sentence?


Carbon Dioxide LevelsThe graph shows the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere over time.



Sea Level RiseThe satellite image shows how sea level rise could affect the eastern United States.

Table of Contents Interactions Among Earth’s Spheres Energy in Earth’s Atmosphere Climate and Climate Regions Natural Disasters in Florida Composition.

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