Table of content Foundation 1. Foundation types raft foundation piled and beam foundation pad foundation strip or trench foundation functional analysis 2. Construction methods in-situ cast concrete H blocks with reo bar functional analysis Basement 3. Capillary break gravel L.E.C.A. nuts sand functional analysis 4. Underfloor insulation foam boards (XPS, EPS) mineral wool PUR -Material Rigid polyurethane foam functional analysis 5. Floor slab precast concrete in situ cast concrete functional analysis 6. Basement flooring concrete engineered wood vinyl functional analysis 7. External walls in situ cast concrete light clinker blocks prefabricated sandwich elements functional analysis
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Table of content · Foundation 1. Foundation types raft foundation piled and beam foundation pad foundation strip or trench foundation functional analysis 2. Construction methods
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All materials fulfill the demands of the building regulations
BRICK CELLULAR CONCRETE
CLINKER CONCRETE
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
AESTHETICS 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
AGEING RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COMFORT 0 0 0 0 0
COST 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
DURABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF CLEANING 0 0 0
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF USE 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
FIRE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
HEAT RESISTANCE 0 0 0 0 0
IMPACT PROOF 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
LOAD BEARING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
NOISE RESSTANCE 0 0 0 0 0
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
TOTAL 107 113 113
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOISE OF MATERIAL: CLINKER CONCRETE
GROUND FLOOR EXTERNAL WALL OPTIONS
Brick walls
Material: brick
Weight: 168 mm wall-2.9 KN/m2
Dimension: varies (1/2 brick wall,
1+1/2 brick wall )
Fire resistance: very high
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: durable
U-value: lambda-0,6 W/mK
A partition wall is a wall for the purpose of separating rooms, or dividing a room.
A load bearing internal wall is a wall carrying a vertical load from other building components such as roof
and storey partitions end should be constructed as 168 mm brick walls.
Partition walls may be constructed with bricks.
Brick partition walls are time consuming to build but sturdier than stud walls. They are sometimes left as
finished walls but are most commonly covered with plaster and painted or wall papered.
There are no requirements for heat insulation of internal walls between heated rooms.
GROUND FLOOR EXTERNAL WALL OPTIONS
Concrete walls
Material: concrete
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: very high
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: durable
U-value:
100 mm clinker concrete wall fulfil the requirements for BS building component 60 for storey heights up
to 2.6 m.
Easier and faster construction then masonry brick wall.
Can be left as a finished wall in areas such as garages and possibly basements, but in occupied rooms
would normally be finished with some sort of surface such as plaster.
GROUND FLOOR EXTERNAL WALL OPTIONS
Stud walls
Material: Timber/steel studs,
insulation & plasterboard or similar
Weight: varies
Dimension: Wooden stud walls with
45 x 95 mm studs per 600 mm
Fire resistance: poor
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: yes
Danish approval:
Durability: poor
U-value:
A stud partition is an easy way to divide an internal room, it is really a temporary structure which can be
removed if the use of the area changes.
Steel stud walls clad with at least 12 mm plasterboard usually fulfil the requirements for non-bearing BD-
building component 3.
Very easy and quick to build but with low fire resistance.
GROUND FLOOR EXTERNAL WALL OPTIONS
Functional analysis
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building
regulations
BRICK CONCRETE STUD WALL
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
AESTHETICS 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
AGEING RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COMFORT 0 0 0 0 0
COST 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
DURABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF CLEANING 0 0 0
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF USE 2 3 6 3 3 9 2 3 6
FIRE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
HEAT RESISTANCE 0 0 0 0 0
IMPACT PROOF 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
LOAD BEARING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
NOISE RESSTANCE 0 0 0 0 0
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
TOTAL 110 113 95
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOISE OF MATERIAL: CONCRETE
1ST FLOOR INSULATION OPTIONS
Insulation
Mineral wool
Polyurethane
Polystyrene
Functional analysis
1ST FLOOR INSULATION OPTIONS
Stone wool
Material: melted raw materials
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: Euroklasse A1
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: high
U-value: λD = 33 mW/mK
A unique feature of Rockwool stone wool products is their fire-resistant properties. Rockwool insulation
is made up of at least 95% stone wool and it has a melting point above 1,000 ºC. Because of its non-
combustibility, there is no contribution to the fire load within buildings. As a result, using Rockwool
insulation products in a building allows for improved fire safety.
Rockwool has developed a high alumina, low-silica stone wool to replace traditional stone wool (Guldberg
et al.; IARC Monograph). When tested on animals, this type of stone wool is found to be non-carcinogenic
(IARC Monograph; IARC Press Release; Kamstrup et al.): its chemical composition increases biosolubility
and results in a fast elimination of the fibers from the lungs. High-alumina, low-silica wool dissipates
approximately 10 times faster from the lungs than traditional stone wool (Guldberg et al.; IARC
Monograph).
Rockwool® insulation products are probably the most sustainable solution.
1ST FLOOR INSULATION OPTIONS
Polyurethane foam
Material: Polyurethane
Weight: 30kg/m3
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: poor
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: high
U-value: lambda-0.026
Polyurethane foam has good thermal insulating properties, low moisture-vapor permeability, high
resistance to water absorption, relatively high mechanical strength and low density. In addition, it is
relatively easy and economical to install.
Foam can also be produced in situ by a variety of means, as follows:
It can be poured in place. This involves mixing the chemicals either manually or by mechanical means and pouring in open moulds or spaces where insulation is required. The mixture creates a foam and solidifies. If necessary, the solidified foam can be cut to the required size or shape.
It can be sprayed directly onto a solid surface using guns that mix and atomize the foam as it is being applied. For example, fish holds or tanks can be sprayed directly on the outside surface and inaccessible areas may be sprayed on and built up without the need of moulds. The foam will adhere to itself and most metals, wood and other materials. It can also be injected into a cavity (e.g. it can be used for moulded insulated boxes). Spray and injection techniques are becoming the most widely used for the installation of rigid polyurethane foam in ships and fishing vessels.
In frothing, the mixture of chemicals is dispensed partially pre-expanded, like an aerosol cream. Appropriate equipment, including an extra blowing agent, is required for immediate pre-expansion. The final phase of expansion takes place as the chemical reaction reaches completion. This technique is used when rigid foams/panels with a high strength-weight ratio are required
1ST FLOOR INSULATION OPTIONS
Polystyrene
Material: Polystyrene
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: flammable
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: durable
U-value: Lambda 0.034-0.038W/m
Hard Polystyrene Foam Boards are insulation materials produced by molding sprayed styrene resin
polymerization under pressure (Extruded Polystyrene – XPS) or by pressing polystyrene grains into molds
expanded under steam or in hot water with the help of steam again (Expanded Polystyrene – XPS).
The most general usage area of polystyrene foam for heat insulation purposes are at Constructions; wall,
ceiling, roof and prefabricated elements
The reason Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) is such a good insulating material is the millions of air pockets
which are formed when the blocks are molded. These pockets impede the flow of heat, making EPS an
excellent insulator -- keeping things cool in the summer and warm in the winter. High quality EPS wall
insulation is available in a variety of sizes. Sheets can be installed on the outside of wall framing or
between the studs as is currently being done in areas where flooding has become routine. Unlike
fiberglass insulation, EPS absorbs very little moisture and as soon as the source is removed will dry out
completely and quickly.
1ST FLOOR INSULATION OPTIONS
Functional analysis
Functional analysis
All materials fulfil the demands of the building
regulations
STONE WOOL POLYURETHANE POLYSTYRENE
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 0 0 0 0
AESTHETICS 0 0 0 0 0
AGEING RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COMFORT 0 0 0 0 0
COST 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
DURABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF CLEANING 0 0 0
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF USE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
FIRE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 2 3 6 2 3 6
HEAT RESISTANCE 0 0 0 0 0
IMPACT PROOF 2 2 4 3 2 6 3 2 6
LOAD BEARING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
NOISE RESSTANCE 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 0 0 0 0 0
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
TOTAL 95 91 94
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOISE OF MATERIAL: STONE WOOL
1ST FLOOR STOREY PARTITION OPTIONS
Storey partition options
Kerto beams
I beams
Lattice beams
functional analysis
1ST FLOOR STOREY PARTITION OPTIONS
Kerto beams
Material: Timber
Weight: 480 kg/m3
Dimension: 21-69mm
Fire resistance: 0,7-0,75 mm/min
Diffusion open/tight:
Moisture sensitive: Yes, should not
beexposed to moisture.
Danish approval: yes
Durability: Renewable and recyclable
U-value:
Kerto-beams combines excellent technical performance with ease of use. Its essential qualities include
strength, dimensional precision and stability. It is the ideal choice for beams whenever long spans are
required.
One of the notable features of Kerto-beam is that the grains run longitudinally through all the layers. The
finished panel is cross-cut and rip-sawn to order. Kerto-beam is normally supplied in the form of straight
beams but it can also be specially cut and shaped as required.
Environmentally friendly construction material Renewable and recyclable wood is a highly eco-effective
building material throughout its life cycle. Wood raw material comes from the sustainably managed and
PEFC-certified forests of Metsä Group's Finnish forest owner members, ensuring that the origin of the raw
material is traceable. The manufacture of wood products consumes small amount of energy and results
in low carbon dioxide and other emissions. In addition, wooden structures operate as carbon sinks. The
manufacturing is mainly based on renewable energy, and the energy and material efficiency of the
production processes is continuously being improved.
1ST FLOOR STOREY PARTITION OPTIONS
I-beams
Material: Timber
Weight: 4,2 - 5,4 kg/m
Dimension: Varies
Fire resistance: ?
Diffusion open/tight:
Moisture sensitive: Yes
Danish approval: yes
Durability: recyclable and renewable
Metsä Wood Finnjoists (FJI) are manufactured from high quality oriented strand board (OSB3) web, and
flanges made from our own Kerto laminated veneer lumber (LVL). Our engineered timber i-beam joists
deliver strength and rigidity, virtually eradicating floor movement and its associated problems, resulting
in greater floor performance.
Kerto is incredibly strong and dimensionally stable, and it does not distort or shrink. It derives its high
strength from the homogeneous bonded structure and is an excellent flange material. The end product is
an i-beam which is lightweight yet incredibly strong, resulting in a quick and reliable installation.
Are you looking for an affordable way to bring new life to your floors? Then vinyl flooring might be the
solution you have been waiting for. Tough, durable, easy to clean and even easier to fit, vinyl flooring has
many advantages. Check out the Homebase range of colours and styles and see how versatile it can be.
With vinyl flooring bathroom spaces can have a waterproof base. Likewise, with vinyl kitchen surfaces are
easy to clean in the event any spillages occur - simply wipe down and it looks good as new. Vinyl flooring
tiles are easy to lay and stick down, allowing you to cover large spaces for little expenditure. Alternatively,
sheet vinyl flooring is simply cut to the required size with little fuss.
However you want your floors to look, whether you fancy a traditional or contemporary style, there is a
vinyl type to suit. As well as vinyl, Homebase also stocks a selection of carpet tiles and laminate flooring,
in addition to all the hand tools to help you lay your new floor. When it's this easy, there's no excuse not
to get the job done!
1ST FLOOR WET ROOM MATERIAL OPTION
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building
regulations
Tiles Linoleum Vinyl
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 3 3 9 2 3 6 2 3 6
AESTHETICS 3 3 9 1 3 3 2 3 6
AGEING RESISTANCE 3 3 9 1 3 3 2 3 6
AVAILABILITY 3 2 6 2 2 4 3 2 6
COMFORT 2 3 6 1 3 3 3 3 9
COST 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
DURABILITY 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
EASE OF CLEANING 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
EASE OF FITTING 2 2 4 3 2 6 3 2 6
EASE OF USE 2 2 4 3 2 6 3 2 6
FIRE RESSTANCE 3 2 6 1 2 2 2 2 4
HEAT RESISTANCE 3 2 6 1 2 2 2 2 4
IMPACT PROOF 1 2 2 2 2 4 3 2 6
LOAD BEARING
NOISE RESISTANCE
PRESSURE RESISTANCE
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
TOTAL 103 75 104
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF MATERIAL:VINYL
1ST FLOOR EXTERIOR CLADDING
Exterior cladding
Wooden cladding
Slates cladding
Concrete
functional analysis
1ST FLOOR EXTERIOR CLADDING
WOODEN CLADDING
Material: timber
Weight:
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: low, but can be
impregnated with chemicals to
prevent burning
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: depends on
impregnation
Danish approval: yes
Durability: depends from the type of
the timber
U-value: 0,12-0,18 W/mK
Timber cladding provides a highly attractive and durable external finish which is renewable, reusable,
biodegradable and contains minimal embodied energy.
Russ wood have extensive experience in advising clients on material selection and careful detailing, which
are key to ensuring that every project looks fantastic, and meets its performance objectives.
From our sawmill in the Scottish Highlands we manufacture cladding to each client’s specification, with a
wide range of customization options including; species, profile, fire retardant treatment, size and grade.
We also have an in-house state-of-the-art coating facility, where we can vacuum coat cladding in the color
of your choice, in order to produce a consistent finish which will last.
1ST FLOOR EXTERIOR CLADDING
Slates cladding
Material: fine-grained, foliated,
homogeneous metamorphic rock
Weight: 2000-2800 kg/m3
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: very good
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: renewable, recyclable,
very long lifetime
U-value: 2,2 W/mK
The principles of vertical slating are similar to those of roof slating generally, although substantially fewer
slates are required per square metre, as headlaps can be reduced to 50mm and sidelaps can also be
reduced.Installation is made quick and easy by using stainless steel nail hooks rather than nails to fix the
slates. By using shaped slates or slates having different colours or textures, striking decorative finishes can
be created on the façade of any development.
TEGRAL SLATES QUALITY & DURABILITY
All of our products have been tested using accelerated age testing techniques and provide a life
expectancy of over 60 years. They come with a 10 year colour stability guarantee, are frost resistant and
impermeable and therefore provide excellent weather resistance. They are resistant to insects, mould
damage, impact damage and are non-combustible (EN 13501-1) and UV stable. They are approved for use
by the BBA under Agreement Certificate No6/4346.
1ST FLOOR EXTERIOR CLADDING
Concrete finish
Material: concrete
Weight:
Dimension: comes in fluid form
Fire resistance: good, does not
release toxic chemicals and cannot be
set on fire
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: yes
Danish approval: yes
Durability: can be recycled, long
lifetime
Concrete has been recorded in existence as long ago as 7,000BC. It was used by the ancient Egyptians and
the Romans used it to build the Colosseum and Hadrian's Wall. Throughout history, concrete has proven
itself to be a most flexible and durable construction material.
Today, modern technology has led to high performance concrete with super-tensile load qualities. Also,
by the substitution of Portland cement with fly ash (fa) or ground granulated blastfurnace slag (ggbs) in
the mix, the resulting concrete is stronger still and often used in bridges or in structures exposed to
corrosive sea salts.
Concrete's long life means that is more likely that a concrete building will come to the end of its life
because no further use can be found for it, rather than a case of the concrete having failed due to age. In
these cases, demolition is not always the automatic course. Structures can often be stripped back to their
concrete core, then rebuilt to new, contemporary specifications.
1ST FLOOR EXTERIOR CLADDING
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building
regulations
Wooden cladding Slates cladding Concrete
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2
AESTHETICS 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
AGEING RESSTANCE 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
COMFORT 3 3 9 2 3 6 2 3 6
COST 3 3 9 1 3 3 2 3 6
DURABILITY 2 3 6 3 3 9 2 3 6
EASE OF CLEANING 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 2 4
EASE OF FITTING 2 2 4 3 2 6 1 2 2
EASE OF USE
FIRE RESSTANCE 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
HEAT RESISTANCE 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
IMPACT PROOF 3 2 6 1 2 2 1 2 2
LOAD BEARING
NOISE RESSTANCE 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 2 4
PRESSURE RESSTANCE
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 1 3 3 1 3 3
WATER RESSTANCE 2 2 4 3 2 6 2 2 4
TOTAL 93 83 81
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF MATERIAL: WOODEN CLADDING
1ST FLOOR FLOORING MATERIAL OPTIONS
Flooring material
Wooden floor
Tiles
Vinyl
functional analysis
1ST FLOOR FLOORING MATERIAL OPTIONS
Wooden floor
Material: timber
Weight: 700 kg/m3
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: depends on the
impregnation
Diffusion open/tight: open/tight
Moisture sensitive: yes/no depends
Danish approval: yes
Durability: recyclable
U-value: 0,18 W/mK
Boral 19mm solid strip flooring is available in a wide variety of Australian hardwood species with a range
of Janka (hardness) ratings. Some species are subject to state availability.
The profile consistency across the entire 19mm solid strip flooring range provides mixed board width
design options and multi-directional board laying
The tongue and groove design includes a structural secret nail pocket designed to seat boards better
Blackbutt and Spotted Gum have a natural fire resistance. Their fire retarding properties, make them
suitable for use in many bushfire prone areas under Australian Standard AS3959.
Boral 19mm solid strip flooring can handle foot traffic as soon as it is laid, allowing for other trades on the
job before a final sanding and application of the finish
Solid hardwood floors are excellent for asthmatics as they do not harbour dust mites or other allergens
A timber sub-floor gives easy access to the underfloor for plumbing or ducted heating, or to repair wiring
Timber is one of the world’s few truly renewable resources
Building a sustainable future - Boral Timber hardwoods have full Chain of Custody certification aligned
with the Australian Forestry Standard (AFS)
1ST FLOOR FLOORING MATERIAL OPTIONS
Tiles
Material: ceramic or stone
Weight:
Dimension: 300-600 mm2
Fire resistance: Good
Diffusion open/tight: Tight
Moisture sensitive: No
Danish approval: Yes
Durability:
U-value: 1.0 W/mK
A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, or even glass,
generally used for covering roofs, floors, walls, showers, or other objects such as tabletops. Alternatively,
tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight materials such as perlite, wood, and
mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling applications. In another sense, a tile is a construction tile
or similar object, such as rectangular counters used in playing games (see tile-based game). The word is
derived from the French word tuile, which is, in turn, from the Latin word tegula, meaning a roof tile
composed of fired clay.
Tiles are often used to form wall and floor coverings, and can range from simple square tiles to complex
mosaics. Tiles are most often made of ceramic, typically glazed for internal uses and unglazed for roofing,
but other materials are also commonly used, such as glass, cork, concrete and other composite materials,
and stone. Tiling stone is typically marble, onyx, granite or slate. Thinner tiles can be used on walls than
on floors, which require more durable surfaces that will resist impacts.
1ST FLOOR FLOORING MATERIAL OPTIONS
Vinyl
Material: polyvinyl chloride
Weight: 1390 kg/m3
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: good
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: Easy to set up, easy to
clean, non-toxic
U-value: 0,17 W/mK
Are you looking for an affordable way to bring new life to your floors? Then vinyl flooring might be the
solution you have been waiting for. Tough, durable, easy to clean and even easier to fit, vinyl flooring has
many advantages. Check out the Homebase range of colours and styles and see how versatile it can be.
With vinyl flooring bathroom spaces can have a waterproof base. Likewise, with vinyl kitchen surfaces are
easy to clean in the event any spillages occur - simply wipe down and it looks good as new. Vinyl flooring
tiles are easy to lay and stick down, allowing you to cover large spaces for little expenditure. Alternatively,
sheet vinyl flooring is simply cut to the required size with little fuss.
However you want your floors to look, whether you fancy a traditional or contemporary style, there is a
vinyl type to suit. As well as vinyl, Homebase also stocks a selection of carpet tiles and laminate flooring,
in addition to all the hand tools to help you lay your new floor. When it's this easy, there's no excuse not
to get the job done!
1ST FLOOR FLOORING MATERIAL OPTIONS
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building
regulations
Wooden floor Tiles Vinyl
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 2 3 6 3 3 9 2 3 6
AESTHETICS 3 3 9 2 3 6 2 3 6
AGEING RESSTANCE 3 3 9 2 3 6 1 3 3
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
COMFORT 3 3 9 2 3 6 2 3 6
COST 2 3 6 2 3 6 3 3 9
DURABILITY 3 2 6 3 2 6 2 2 4
EASE OF CLEANING 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 1 3 3 2 3 6
EASE OF USE 3 3 9 2 3 6 2 3 6
FIRE RESSTANCE 2 2 4 3 2 6 2 2 4
HEAT RESISTANCE 2 2 4 2 2 4 1 2 2
IMPACT PROOF 3 2 6 1 2 2 3 2 6
LOAD BEARING
NOISE RESSTANCE
PRESSURE RESSTANCE
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 2 3 6 1 3 3
WATER RESSTANCE 1 1 1 3 1 3 3 1 3
TOTAL 105 87 76
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF MATERIAL:WOODEN FLOOR
1ST FLOOR CEILING OPTIONS
Ceiling options
gypsum board
wooden ceiling
plastered ceiling
Fermacel
functional analysis
1ST FLOOR CEILING OPTIONS
Gypsum board
Material: gypsum
Weight: 7kg/m2
Dimension: 13x900x2400mm
Fire resistance:
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: yes
Danish approval: yes
Durability: poor
U-value:
Gypsum is a cementious material composed of at least 70% of CaSO4 2H2O by weight. It is a main
ingredient of many building products.
This product consists of a core of set gypsum surfaced with specifically manufactured paper firmly bonded
to the core. It is designed to be used without addition of plaster for walls, ceilings, or partitions and
provides a surface suitable to receive either paint or paper.
Gypsum board is extensively used in ‘‘drywall’’ construction, where plaster is eliminated. It is also available
with one surface covered with aluminum or other heat-reflecting type of foil, or with imitation woodgrain
or other patterns on the exposed surface so that no additional decoration is required.
The types of gypsum board generally available include wallboard, backing board, core board, fire-resistant
gypsum board, water-resistant gypsum board, gypsum sheathing, and gypsum form board.
1ST FLOOR CEILING OPTIONS
Wooden ceiling
Material: made of pine, larch or oak
Weight: 500 kg/m3
Dimension: standard size 85-100 x 18-
20 mm, length up to 6m
Fire resistance: class 2 cladding
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: long standing
U-value:
Wood is the best choice of a material, when it comes to indoor and outdoor habitable climate.
High-technological manufacturing.
Quality controlled production.
Controlled moisture content 8-12% .
Constant fire class product quality.
Can be coloured.
Internal cladding is generally manufactured out of pine. Cladding made of larch and oak – only by the
customer request.
Benefits
Ceilings of wood molding and profile boards are cheap.
Wooden ceilings are quick and easy to set up.
Wooden ceilings are light and therefore does not put special demands on loft constructions
strength.
1ST FLOOR CEILING OPTIONS
Plastered ceiling
Material: made of pine, larch or oak
Weight: 500 kg/m3
Dimension: standard size 85-100 x 18-
20 mm, length up to 6m
Fire resistance: good
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: Easy to set up, easy to
clean, non-toxic
U-value: 0,17 W/mK
Appropriate for older homes, which are kept in the original style. It is easy to clean as it can be washed
over with a damp cloth.
Drawbacks
A plastered ceiling is more difficult and time consuming to set up than a plaster ceiling.
A plastered ceiling is substantially more expensive than a plaster ceiling.
A plastered ceiling is plastered with mortar the same way you can polish the facade of a house.
Plastered ceilings are gradually mostly in older homes and apartments. The plastered ceilings
are becoming rarer and rarer, because it is quite difficult and time consuming to establish it.
Older plastered ceilings are often cracks.
It is not cheap to establish a plastered ceiling. You'll count on about 1,000 kr. Incl.VAT per. square meter
(May 2008). It takes about three times as long to set up a plastered ceiling as it takes to put a plaster
ceiling up.
1ST FLOOR CEILING OPTIONS
Fermacell
Material: gypsum and cellulose fibers
recycled from waste paper
Weight: 1100-1200 kg/m3
Dimension: thickness 10-18mm,
Fire resistance: non-flammable
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: moderate
U-value:
Fermacell is made from gypsum and recycled paper fibres. These two natural raw materials are mixed
with water, without any other binders being added. The mixture is then pressed into stable boards under
high pressure, dried, coated with a water repellent, and cut to the required sizes. The gypsum reacts with
the water, penetrating and enveloping the fibers. This produces high stability and non-combustibility.
Because of their material composition, fermacell boards are suitable for general construction, fire
protection, and wet rooms.
Fermacell gypsum board offers installers speed and flexibility as no wet trades are needed on site as a
skim plaster type finish with Fermacell Fine Surface Treatment (FST) can be achieved without the need for
plastering.
1ST FLOOR CEILING OPTIONS
Functional analysis
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building regulations
Gypsum board
ceiling Wooden ceiling
Plastered ceiling Fermacell
P F M P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 3 2 6 3 2 6 3 2 6 3 2 6
AESTHETICS 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
AGEING RESSTANCE 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
COMFORT
COST 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
DURABILITY 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF CLEANING 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF USE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9 2 3 6
FIRE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 1 3 3 2 3 6 3 0
HEAT RESISTANCE
IMPACT PROOF 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
LOAD BEARING
NOISE RESSTANCE
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 3 2 6 3 2 6 3 2 6 3 2 6
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
TOTAL 106 97 97 94
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF MATERIAL:GYPSUM BOARD
1ST ROOF CONSTRUCTION OPTIONS
Roof construction
cold roof
warm roof
inverted roof
functional analysis
1ST ROOF CONSTRUCTION OPTIONS
Cold roof
Material: Mineral wool, roof finish,
timber, roofing tiles
Weight: varies
Dimension:
Fire resistance: R60 (REI)
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: long standing
U-value: 0,15 W/mK
A cold roof or a ventilated roof is often constructed of timber or timber based materials, where over the
insulation materials is a ventilated cavity. The temperature inside will be lower than the temperature
inside the building.
Advantages: by ventilating the construction the water can vapor if a crack in the construction occurred.
1ST ROOF CONSTRUCTION OPTIONS
Warm roof
Material: Mineral wool, roof finish,
timber, roofing tiles
Weight: varies
Dimension:
Fire resistance: R60 (REI)
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: long standing
U-value: 0,15 W/mK
The warm roof is characterized by, that the insulation is laid direct on top of the load bearing structure, and is without ventilation openings. The roof construction will then have the same temperature as room below. The construction is characterized by having a very little – and therefore harmless – supply of moisture from the room underneath. The moisture does not need to be removed by ventilation. With this construction you are expanding the living space in the house by providing insulated area in the
attic.
1ST ROOF CONSTRUCTION OPTIONS
Inverted roof
Material: Mineral wool, roof finish,
timber, roofing tiles
Weight: varies
Dimension:
Fire resistance: R60 (REI)
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: long standing
U-value: 0,15 W/mK
Inverted roof is characterized by that the roof covering is laid under the insulation layer, most of the
surface water will be from above the insulation, but a small part will run down between the insulation
joints. The advantage with this construction is that the roof covering lies protected from high temperature
differences and ultraviolet rays, underneath the insulation.
Insulation capability will be reduced with 10 – 15% because of water penetration/evaporation into the
insulation. The layer of insulation is protected by placing protective fiber sheet, opened for water
penetration.
The insulation must be fixed to prevent wind suction by placing layer of gravel or stones on top of the
insulation.
1ST ROOF CONSTRUCTION OPTIONS
Functional analysis
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building regulations
Cold roof Inverted roof Warm roof
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC
AESTHETICS 2 2 4 2 2 4 3 2 6
AGEING RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COMFORT
COST 2 3 6 2 3 6 3 3 9
DURABILITY 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
EASE OF CLEANING 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF USE
FIRE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
HEAT RESISTANCE 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
IMPACT PROOF 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
LOAD BEARING 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
NOISE RESSTANCE 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 3 2 6 3 2 6 3 2 6
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
TOTAL 93 96 101
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF CONSTRUCTION: WARM ROOF
1ST ROOF INSULATION OPTIONS
Roof insulation
Celotex(PIR)
polystyrene
Thermisol Titan Slimline
functional analysis
1ST ROOF INSULATION OPTIONS
Celotex(PIR)
Material Rigid polyurethane foam
Weight: varies
Dimension: 1200mm x 600mm
Thickness (mm): 50, 100, 120, 130,
140, 150
Fire resistance: REI 45
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: very good after installation
U-value: 0,025-0,027 W/mK
PIR insulation is a new type of wall insulation made of rigid boards covered with multi-layer aluminum foil
on both sides, increasing the insulating ability.
PIR insulation has a lower U-value and helps to slim down exterior walls, increasing the habitable floor
space: “Insulation the slim way”.
With their optimal insulating performance, insulation materials made of rigid polyurethane foam
(PUR/PIR) are very versatile.
The products range from insulation boards for roofing, walls, floors and ceilings, to window frame
insulation and foam sealants, through to metal-faced sandwich panels for industrial buildings.
Danish Building Industry Energy Award winner.
In addition the products can cope with light foot traffic or loading which is an important consideration in
flooring and flat roofing applications.
1ST ROOF INSULATION OPTIONS
Polystyrene
Material: Polystyrene
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: flammable
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: durable
U-value: Lambda 0.034-0.038W/m
Polystyrene insulation for flat roofs comes in two forms – expanded and extruded.
Expanded polystyrene is made up of polystyrene mixed with a foaming agent. When exposed to heat the
material expands and traps warmth. It has a thermal resistance value of 3.80.
Extruded polystyrene is made of polystyrene that is heated, exposed to atmospheric conditions and then
expanded. Its thermal resistance value is 5, making it a good choice for your
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) stands the test of time, and EPS roof insulation is a proven performer in
roofing applications. Field studies of EPS roof installations that are 20 to 25 years old and older show that
EPS roofing insulation performs well in roof applications.
EPS roof insulation U-values remain stable over its entire life
1ST ROOF INSULATION OPTIONS
Thermisol Titan Slimline
Material: Rigid polyurethane foam
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: REI45
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval: yes
Durability: very good
U-value: Lambda 0.023W/m
Thermisol Titan Slimline is a new type of wall insulation made of rigid PIR insulation boards covered with
multi-layer aluminum foil on both sides, increasing the insulating ability.
20 mm of mineral wool can been glued on one side to render the board even more airtight.
Titan Slimline has a lower U-value and helps to slim down exterior walls, increasing the habitable floor
space: “Insulation the slim way”.
With their optimal insulating performance, insulation materials made of rigid polyurethane foam
(PUR/PIR) are very versatile.
The products range from insulation boards for roofing, walls, floors and ceilings, to window frame
insulation and foam sealants, through to metal-faced sandwich panels for industrial buildings.
Danish Building Industry Energy Award winner
1ST ROOF INSULATION OPTIONS
Functional analysis
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building
regulations
Celotex (PIR) Polystyrene Termisol Titan
Slimline
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 3 1 3 3 1 3 3 1 3
AESTHETICS 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 6
AGEING RESSTANCE 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COMFORT 2 2 2 3 2 1 3 2 6
COST 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
DURABILITY 2 3 3 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF CLEANING NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
EASE OF USE 3 2 6 3 2 6 3 2 6
FIRE RESSTANCE 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
HEAT RESISTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
IMPACT PROOF 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2
LOAD BEARING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
NOISE RESSTANCE 3 2 6 2 2 4 3 2 6
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
SUITABILITY 2 3 6 3 2 6 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
TOTAL 98 104 114
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF MATERIAL: TERMISOL
WINDOW FRAME OPTIONS
Window frames
Aluminum clad and wood
Wood
Vinyl
WINDOW FRAME OPTIONS
Wood
Material: wood
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: bad
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: durable
U-value: varies
Wood window frames insulate relatively well, but they also expand and contract in response to weather
conditions. Wood frames also require regular maintenance.
WINDOW FRAME OPTIONS
Aluminium clad and wood
Material: Wood and aluminium
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: avarege
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: good
U-value: varies
Aluminum-clad wood windows offer the extreme strength and durability of aluminum frame windows and
the warm comforting aesthetics of real wood.
With proper care and maintenance, aluminum-clad windows can last for decades
WINDOW FRAME OPTIONS
Vinyl
Material: PVC
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance:
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: good
U-value : varies
Vinyl window frames are usually made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with ultraviolet light (UV) stabilizers to
keep sunlight from breaking down the material. Vinyl window frames do not require painting and have
good moisture resistance. The hollow cavities of vinyl frames can be filled with insulation, which makes
them thermally superior to standard vinyl and wood frames.
WINDOW FRAME OPTIONS
Functional analysis
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building
regulations
WOOD +
ALUMINUIM WOOD VINYL
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
AESTHETICS 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
AGEING RESSTANCE 2 3 6 2 3 6 3 3 9
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COMFORT 0 0 0 0 0
COST 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
DURABILITY 2 3 6 3 3 9 2 3 6
EASE OF CLEANING 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF USE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
FIRE RESSTANCE 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
HEAT RESISTANCE 0 0 0 0 0
IMPACT PROOF 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
LOAD BEARING 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
NOISE RESSTANCE 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 0 0 0 0 0
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
TOTAL 107 107 110
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF MATERIAL: VINYL
WINDOW GLAZING OPTIONS
Glazing
Gas fills
Insulated
Low-emissivity coatings
WINDOW GLAZING OPTIONS
Gas fills
Material: gas
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: very high
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: very durable
U-value: varies
To improve the thermal performance of windows with insulated glazing, some manufacturers fill the space
between the panes with inert gas -- commonly argon or krypton -- that has a higher resistance to heat
flow than air.
WINDOW GLAZING OPTIONS
Insulated
Material: air gap
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: very high
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: very durable
U-value: varies
Insulated window glazing refers to windows with two or more panes of glass. To insulate the window, the
glass panes are spaced apart and hermetically sealed, leaving an insulating air space. Insulated window
glazing primarily lowers the U-factor, but it also lowers the SHGC ( solar heat gain coefficient ).
WINDOW GLAZING OPTIONS
Low-emissivity coatings
Material: thin metal layer
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance: very high
Diffusion open/tight: open
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: very durable
U-value: varies
Low-emissivity (low-e) coatings on glazing or glass control heat transfer through windows with insulated
glazing. Windows manufactured with low-e coatings typically cost about 10% to 15% more than regular
windows, but they reduce energy loss by as much as 30% to 50%.
A low-e coating is a microscopically thin, virtually invisible, metal or metallic oxide layer deposited directly
on the surface of one or more of the panes of glass. The low-e coating lowers the U-factor of the window,
and different types of low-e coatings have been designed to allow for high solar gain, moderate solar
gain, or low solar gain. A low-e coating can also reduce a window's VT unless you use one that's
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF MATERIAL: INSULATED
GRAND OPENING DOOR OPTIONS
Grand opening material
wooden door
steel door
fiberglass-composite door
aluminum door
GRAND OPENING DOOR OPTIONS
Wooden door
Material: wood
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance:
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: durable
U-value: varies
Entry doors must be tough enough to withstand wind, rain, scorching sun, and would-be intruders, yet
handsome enough to make a good first impression. Unfortunately, meeting those needs is a tall order for
many front doors.
Wood doors are the most common. Versatility and beauty are their strong suit. Natural-finish stock and
custom wood doors come in oak, cherry, walnut, mahogany, maple, fir, and pine. You'll also find paint-
grade doors in several softwood varieties, such as pine and western hemlock.
Many stock wood doors are a sandwich of wood-veneer skins over an engineered-wood core. This
configuration minimizes the expansion and contraction that cause warping.
GRAND OPENING DOOR OPTIONS
Steel door
Material: steel, wood and foam
insulation
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance:
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: durable
U-value: varies
A steel door is your best bet if security and durability are top priorities. Steel units are stronger than wood
or fiberglass doors, and they won't crack or warp. Any dents or dings on these doors can be pulled and
puttied with an auto-body repair kit.
Steel doors also cost the least.
All steel doors have an inner frame made of wood or, for greater strength, steel. The cavities within the
frame are filled with high-density foam insulation. Premium doors typically have a 24-gauge skin and a
steel frame, though some offer heavier-gauge steel (represented by a lower number). The surface usually
is smooth or has an embossed wood-grain pattern.
Most steel doors are coated with a baked-on polyester finish that requires periodic repainting. Premium
versions get a vinyl coating similar to the one on vinyl-clad windows for greater weather resistance. Some
even have a stainable wood-fiber coating or, on really high-end versions, a laminated-wood veneer.
GRAND OPENING DOOR OPTIONS
Fiberglass-composite door
Material: fiberglass, wood and foam
insulation
Weight: varies
Dimension: varies
Fire resistance:
Diffusion open/tight: tight
Moisture sensitive: no
Danish approval:
Durability: durable
U-value: varies
Fiberglass-composite doors are tough and maintenance-free, and are a smart choice for harsh or humid
climates. They mimic the look of wood with wood-grain texturing and can be stained to match oak, cherry,
walnut, and a variety of other woods. Beneath their molded surface is a framework of wooden stiles and
rails, including wood edges for the lockset. Voids in the framework are filled with polyurethane-foam
insulation.
Fiberglass-composite doors carry long warranties. For example, Pease Industries backs its models for as
long as you own the house. But because installation affects longevity, these lengthy warranties usually
come only on complete entry systems that include the frame.
GRAND OPENING DOOR OPTIONS
Functional analysis
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building
regulations
WOODEN
DOOR STEEL DOOR FIBERGLASS COMPOSITE
DOOR
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC 0 0 0 0 0
AESTHETICS 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
AGEING RESSTANCE 2 3 6 2 3 6 3 3 9
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COMFORT 0 0 0 0 0
COST 1 3 3 2 3 6 3 3 9
DURABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF CLEANING 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF USE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
FIRE RESSTANCE 1 3 3 2 3 6 2 3 6
HEAT RESISTANCE 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
IMPACT PROOF 2 3 6 3 3 9 2 3 6
LOAD BEARING 0 0 0 0 0
NOISE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 2 3 6 3 3 9 2 3 6
SUITABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
TOTAL 108 120 120
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF
2 - fulfill demands acceptable 2 - less important
3 - fulfill demands completely 3 - important
CHOICE OF MATERIAL: FIBERGLASS COMPOSITE DOOR
INTERIOR DOOR OPTIONS
INTERIOR DOOR OPTIONS
STAIRCASE OPTIONS
Stairs
Steel Stairs
Wooden stairs
Glass stairs
Functional analysis
STAIRCASE OPTIONS
Steel Stairs
Material: Steel
Weight: Varies
Dimensions: Varies
Fire resistance: BD 60
Diffusion tight/open: Tight
Moisture sensitive: No
Danish approval: Yes
Durability: Long standing
U-value: -
Steel Stairs can be manufactured to any width, rise and going in accordance with the Technical Building Regulations. Steel stairs are without any doubt the strongest stairs with their greatest asset being that they take a while to burn or melt in a fire. Steel stairs also have great benefits for structural strength in different forms of fabrication. Steel stairs
can be made longer and stronger than wood stairs therefore the distance between the two floors can be
further apart.
STAIRCASE OPTIONS
Wooden stairs
Material made of: usually oak,
mahogany and sometimes pine
Weight: Varies
Dimensions: Varies
Fire resistance: Low
Diffusion tight/open: -
Moisture sensitive: Yes
Danish approval: Yes
Durability: Good
U-value: -
Timber wooden staircases are generally commonly used as a result of distinct reasons.
Timber stairs are constructed with hardwood; consequently, they’re sturdy as well as tough.
They are a decorative feature of any home.
Timber wooden staircases include the cheapest set of staircases to locate, this also relies within the sort
of wood used.
Wood might be carved or maybe cut straight into distinct shapes as well as designs; as a result, they can
be flexible enough when installing.
STAIRCASE OPTIONS
Glass stairs
Material : Glass +steel/ aluminium
Weight: Varies
Dimensions: Varies
Fire resistance: Good
Diffusion tight/open: Tight
Moisture sensitive: No
Danish approval: Yes
Durability: Long standing
U-value: -
Glass stairs create an exclusive look in any setting and the glass treads combine brilliantly with other materials. In fact, glass stairs offer you a wealth of possibilities. By combining different materials, a glass staircase will fit into both a residential or a business space, as well as into a modern or classic interior.
Glass stairs make good use of a number of the overall properties and characteristics of glass. For example,
you can see through glass and it also lets the light in. It keeps its shape in a whole range of temperatures,
enjoys unlimited availability, resists scratches, is good for the environment and comes in various
dimensions and thicknesses. Glass also has a high level of tensile flexing strength, which makes it very
attractive for making stairs out of glass. Glass stairs can be produced in a variety of models, just like other.
STAIRCASE OPTIONS
Functional analysis
Functional analysis
All materials fulfill the demands of the building
regulations
STEEL STAIR WOODEN STAIR GLASS STAIR
P F M P F M P F M
ACOUSTIC
AESTHETICS 2 3 6 2 3 6 3 3 9
AGEING RESSTANCE 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
AVAILABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COMFORT 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
COST 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6
DURABILITY 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF CLEANING
EASE OF FITTING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
EASE OF USE 3 2 6 3 2 6 3 2 6
FIRE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 2 3 6 3 3 9
HEAT RESISTANCE 2 3 6 3 3 9 3 3 9
IMPACT PROOF 3 2 6 3 2 6 2 2 4
LOAD BEARING 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
NOISE RESSTANCE
PRESSURE RESSTANCE 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 9
SUITABILITY 2 3 6 3 2 6 3 3 9
WATER RESSTANCE
TOTAL 108 105 115
P: POINTS F: FACTOR M: MARK
1 - does not fulfill demands 1 - not important PxF