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1

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Learning OutcomesDescribe the fivecomponents of a

computer

Describe varioustypes of inputdevices

Define input anddifferentiate among a

program, command,and user response

Define output and

describe varioustypes of output

devices

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3

A computer contains many electric, electronic, and

mechanical components known as hardware

Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computerInput Device

Hardware component that conveys information to one or more peopleOutput Device

Case that contains the electronic components of the computer thatare used to process data

System Unit

Holds data, instructions, and information for future useStorage Device

Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, andinformation to and from one or more computers or mobile devices

Communications

Device

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What Is Input? Input is any data and instructions enteredinto the memory of a computer

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What Is Input? Instructions can be entered into the computer in theform of programs, commands, and user responses

A program is a series of related

instructions that tells a computer

what tasks to perform and how to

perform them

Programs respond to commands

that a user issues

A user response is an instruction a

user issues by replying to a question

displayed by a program

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What Are Input Devices?

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Inputdevices

1)Keyboard

2)PointingDevice

3)GameController

4)DigitalCamera

5)VoiceInput

6)VideoInput

7)Scanners& Reading

Devices

8)Biometric

Technology

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1) The Keyboard A keyboard is an input device that contains keysusers press to enter data and instructions into a

computer

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Most desktop computer keyboards have

Between 101 and105 keys

A numeric keypad

on the right side ofthe keyboard

Function keys,

CTRL keys, ALTkeys, and arrowkeys

WINDOWS key APPLICATION key Toggle keys

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The insertion point, also known as the cursor, is a

symbol on the screen that indicates where the

next character you type will appear.

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Types of Keyboard

USB portWired

Keyboards

BluetoothIrDAWirelessKeyboards

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Ergonomic Keyboard An ergonomic keyboard has a design that reducesthe chance of wrist and hand injuries

Ergonomics incorporates comfort, efficiency, and

safety into the design of the workplace

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2) Pointing Devices

A pointing device is aninput device that allows

a user to control apointer on the screen

A pointer is a smallsymbol on the screenwhose location and

shape change as a user

moves a pointing device

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Mouse A mouse is a pointing device that fits under thepalm of your hand comfortably

Most widely used pointing device on desktop

computers

A mouse can be wired or wireless

O O2

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Mouse Mouse operations

Point Click Right-click Double-click

Triple-click Drag Right-dragRotatewheel

Free-spinwheel

Press wheel Tilt wheelPress thumb

button

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Other Pointing Devices

Trackball

A trackball is astationarypointing devicewith a ball onits top or side

Touchpad

A touchpad is asmall, flat,rectangularpointing devicethat is sensitiveto pressureand motion

Poi

nting

Stick

A pointingstick is apressure-sensitivepointing deviceshaped like apencil eraserthat ispositionedbetween keyson a keyboard

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Touch Screens

Touch sensitive display device.

Users can interact with touch screens by

touching areas of the screen.

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Touch-Sensitive Pads Touch sensitive pads enables user to

scrolls through and play music, view

pictures, watch video, adjust column

and customize settings. Touch sensitive pad typically

contains buttons/ wheels that are

operated with a thumb or finger.

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Pen Input With pen input, you touch a stylus or digitalpen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make

selections

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3)Game Controller Video games and computer games use a gamecontrolleras the input device that directs

movements and actions of on-screen objects

Gamepads

Joysticks and Wheels

Light guns

Dance pads

Motion-sensing controllers

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4) Digital Cameras A digital camerais a mobile device that allowsusers to take pictures and store them digitally.

3 basic types:- Most expensive

Highest quality

Used for professional studio workStudio cameras

Portable camera has many lenses

Expensive Used by photojournalistsField cameras

Less expensive. (Affordable price)

Lightweight

Average quality photography for home/small business user

Point-and-shootcamera

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Digital Cameras One factor that affect the quality of digital cameraphotos is its resolution.

Resolution is the number of horizontal and vertical pixels

in a display device. A digital cameras resolution isdefined in a pixels.

A pixel (short for picture element) is the smallest

element in an electronic image.

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5) Voice Input Voice inputis the process of entering input by

speaking into a microphone

Voice recognitionis the computers capability ofdistinguishing spoken words

Audio inputis the process of entering any sound

into the computer

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6) Video Input Video inputis the process of capturing full-

motion images and storing them on a computers

storage medium

2 video input examples;

Web cams

Video conferencing

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Video Input A Web camis a type of digital video camera that

enables a user to:

Capture video and still images

Send email message with video attachments

Make video call

Broadcast live images over the internet

A video conferenceis a meeting between two ormore geographically separated people

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7) Scanners and Reading Devices

Scannerand

Reading

Devices

Optical Scanner:- FlatbedScanner

OpticalReaders: -OCR,OMR

Bar Code ReaderMagnetic Stripe

Cards Reader

MICR Reader

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Optical Scanner

A flatbed scanner creates a file of the document

in memory

Works in a manner similar to a copy machine exceptit creates a file of a document in memory instead of

paper copy.

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Optical Readers Optical character recognition (OCR)involves reading

typewritten, computer printed, or hand in printed

character from ordinary document and translating the

images into a form that computer can process.

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Optical Scanner Optical mark recognition (OMR) reads hand-

drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles.

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Bar Code Readers A bar code reader, also called a bar code scanner

uses laser beams to read bar codes

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Magnetic Stripe Card Readers Magnetic stripe card readersread the magnetic

stripe on the back of cards such as:

Credit cards

Entertainment cards

Bank cards

Other similar cards

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MICR Readers MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) devices read text

printed with magnetized ink

An MICR readerconverts MICR characters into a form the

computer can process

Banking industry uses MICR for check processing

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8)Biometric Input Biometricsauthenticates a persons identity by

verifying a personal characteristic

Fingerprint

reader

Face

recognitionsystem

Hand

geometrysystem

Voice

verification

system

Signature

verification

system

Iris

recognition

system

Retinal

scanners

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What Is Output? Output is data that has been processed into a

useful form

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What Is Output Device? An output deviceis any type of hardware

component that conveys information to one or

more people

Displaydevices

PrintersSpeakers,

headphones,and earbuds

Dataprojectors

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Display Devices A display devicevisually conveys text, graphics, and

video information.

Monitor is a display device that is package as a

separate peripheral. 3 types of monitor:-

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD):uses a liquid compound topresent information on a

display device.

Plasma Monitor: are displaydevices that use gas plasmatechnology and offer screen

sizes up to 150 inches

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) is adesktop monitor that containsa cathode-ray tube.

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Printers A printer produces text and graphics on a physical

medium

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Types of printers

Non Impact

Printer

Ink-jetPrinter

PhotoPrinter

LaserPrinter

ThermalPrinter

Multifuncti

on

Peripheral

Large

Format

Printer

Impact Printer

Dot MatrixPrinter

Line Printer

NON IMPACT PRINTER: forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without

actually striking the paper

IMPACT PRINTER: form characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a

mechanism against an inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper

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Ink Jet Printer: forms characters andgraphics by spraying tiny drops of

liquid ink onto a piece of paper

Laser Printer: high speed black/colourprinter that produce a high qualitytext/image.

Photo printer: produces color photo-lab-quality pictures

Non-Impact printers

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Thermal Printer: generates images by

pushing electrically heated pins againstthe heat-sensitive paper

Multifunction Printer: is a single devicethat prints, scans, copies, and in somecases, faxes.

Large-scale printer: is a high cost , highperformance that create photo-realisticquality color prints on a larger scale(posters, signs etc)

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Impact Printer

Dot Matrix Printer: produces printed

images when tiny wire pins on a printhead mechanism strike an inked ribbon.

Line Printer: is a single device thatprints, scans, copies, and in somecases, faxes.

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Audio Output Devices An audio output deviceproduces music,

speech, or other sounds.

Speakers is an external device to a computer that

generate higher-quality sounds. Headphones are speakers that cover or are placed

outside of the ear

Earbuds (also called earphones) rest inside the earcanal

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Data Projector

A data projector is a device that takes the

text and images displaying on a computer

screen and projects them on a larger screen.

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Summary

Components of a

computer

Input and severaltypes of

commonly usedinput device

Output and severaltypes of commonlyused output device