TUTORIAL OF UNIX COMMAND & SHELL SCRIPTS 5027 Professor: Dr. Shu-Ching Chen TA: Samira Pouyanfar Spring 2015
Dec 21, 2015
TUTORIAL OFUNIX COMMAND & SHELL SCRIPTS 5027
Professor: Dr. Shu-Ching Chen
TA: Samira Pouyanfar
Spring 2015
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OUTLINE
Log in Unix Basic Commands Shell script
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OUTLINE
Log in Unix Basic Commands Shell script
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HOW TO LOG IN
Download putty from http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
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CONNECT TO THE SERVER
The host is margay.cs.fiu.edu
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LOG IN / ACCOUNT INFORMATION
Account information Login as : Your FIU username Password : Your first initial + PantherID + Your last initial
For exmaple, Steven Jackson with PID 1234567
should have password s1234567j
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LOG IN IN MAC SYSTEMS
Use the existing ssh tool in your mac called "Terminal" by following the steps: - Search for "Terminal" from spotlight, e.g., located on the
upper right corner of your screen - Open Terminal - Connect to the server margay.cs.fiu.edu using following
commands
replace hha001 with your fiu account
- Type your password - Now, you are connected.
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LOG IN IN MAC SYSTEMS
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OUTLINE
Log in Unix Basic Commands Shell script
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (1)
ls : list the contents of your current directory. Format Options
-a : list all the files include the hidden ones -l : list not only the files name but also the related info -t : list the contents by modified date
ls [option] [directory][file]
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (2)
File permission
Field1 : A set of ten permission flags Field2 : link count Field3 : owner of the file Field4 : associated group of the file Field5 : size Field 6-8 : Last modification date Field9 : file name
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (3)
chmod : change the permission flags of the files Format
Example chmod g+w myfile chmod g-rw myfile chmod u=rw go= myfile chmod –R g+rw myfile
chmod [option] [types][+/-][types of permission] filename
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (4)
pwd : print out the current working directory cd : change directory
cd . (.) means the current directory C (..) means the parent of current
directory Cd cd with no argument will return you to
your home directory
cd .
cd ..
cd
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (5)
cp : copy files Format Options
-i : It can be used to avoid overwriting the original file -r : Copy the folder and all the files and subfolders
under it.
mv : move a file from one place to another or rename a file.
Format
cp [option] File1 File2
mv File1 File2
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (6)
mkdir : making directory Format
rm : remove files or directories Format Option
-i : ask before actually delete -r : delete the folders and all the files and subfolders
under it
mkdir Directory_name
rm [option] file1 file2 file3…
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (7)
test : A command in Unix that evaluates conditional expressions. Format or The functions will return true if the object exist or the
condition specified is true. File functions
-d Filename : Filename is a directory -s Filename : Filename has a size greater than 0 -f Filename : Filename is a regular file
test expression [ expression ]
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (1)
cat : display the contents of a file on the screen Format
head : display the first ten lines of a file to the screen Format
tail : display the last ten lines of a file to the screen Format
cat file1
head –n file1
tail –n file1
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (2)
wc : word count Format Options
-w : find out how many words the file has -l : find out how many lines the file has
wc [options] file
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (3)
grep : It searches files for the specified words or patterns.
Format: Options:
-c : Display the number of columns which satisfied the pattern.
-i : Ignore case distinctions in both the PATTERN and the input files.
-v : Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines.
grep [options] [pattern] file
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Pipe : It cause the execution of multiple processes from one single line
A | B | C
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COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (4)
Redirection > and >> can be used on the output of
most commands to direct their output to a file. Examples
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COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (1)
sort : sort lines of a text file or files Default : sort without any option will sort the file
alphabetically Format
uniq : remove duplicate adjacent lines from sorted file.
sort [option] file
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COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (2)
sed: One ultimate stream editor Detail Tutorial :
http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Sed.html Important function -> Substitution Format : sed 's/term1/term2/g‘ filename
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COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (3)
cut : extract sections from each line of a file. Format Option
-c : character -f : field -d “:” : delimiter (default is a tab)
Range N-M N- -M
cut [options] [range] filename
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OUTLINE
Log in Unix Basic Commands Shell script
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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (1)
Scripts are collections of commands that are stored in a file.
Detail Tutorial http://www.freeos.com/guides/lsst/
Basic Vi commands vim filename i : switch to the editing(insert) mode Esc +:q! Leave the vim program without saving
the file Esc +:w Save the file Esc +:wq Save the file and leave the vim program
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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (2)
First shell script
Note that to make a file executable, you must set the eXecutable bit, and for a shell script, the Readable bit must also be set.
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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (3)
Variable
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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (4)
IF LOOP
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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (5)
For Loop
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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (6)
Useful concept $( commands)