SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CULTURE AND KEY CULTURAL TERMINOLOGY By : GROUP 2 : INTERACTIVE AND MULTIMEDIA DESIGN CS101: DIGITAL SOCIETY AND CULTURAL ECOLOGY COLLAGE OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION INNOVATION : SRINAKHARINWIROT UNIVERSITY
Systems Approach to Culture
Nov 17, 2014
SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CULTURE AND KEY CULTURAL TERMINOLOGY
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SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CULTURE
AND
KEY CULTURAL TERMINOLOGY
By : GROUP 2 : INTERACTIVE AND MULTIMEDIA DESIGN
CS101: DIGITAL SOCIETY AND CULTURAL ECOLOGYCOLLAGE OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION INNOVATION : SRINAKHARINWIROT
UNIVERSITY
THE YOUTH
- Anthropologists reminded@ SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CULTURE
HAS SIMILAR TASTES
SUBCULTURETHAT GO BEYONDNATIONAL DIFFERENCES.
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SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CULTURE
Because there are many different anthropological approaches to cultural analysis.
A system, in this sense, refers to an ordered assemblage or combination of correlated parts that form a unitary whole.
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1. Kinship System
In many countries, there may be an extended family that consists of several generations held together.
Such families have a powerful influence on child rearing, and often on nation building.
Family influences and loyalties can affect job performance or business negotiations.
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THE NORTH AMERICAN FAMILYA nuclear and rather independent unit.
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2. Educational System
Educational systems may be formal and informal within any culture.
The training plan had better include the rote method.
In some societies the training would be for sophisticated technological positions.
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Information
Knowledge
Skills
Values
Young or new members of a society are provided by educational.
3. Economic System
SOCIALISTIC
CAPITALISTIC
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2
First Worldadvanced free enterprise systems
Second Worldsocialist or communistic societies base on centralized planning and control
Third Worlddeveloping nations moving from the agricultural to industrial or post-industrial stages
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3. Economic System
Today, economies are mixed —some supposed Third World economies have high technology sectors.
Another trend beyond national economies is toward regional economic cooperatives or association that cut across national and ideological boundaries.
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THE CHINESE ECONOMYHave high technology sectors but still labor used.
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4. Political System
The dominant means of governance for maintaining order and exercising power or authority
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A TRIBAL STAGE WHERE CHIEFS RULE.A RULING
ROYAL FAMILY
WITH AN OPERATING
KING.STILL
PREFER DEMOCRAC
Y OR COMMUNIS
M.
4. Political System
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SOME ARE MODERN
RESPECTING CITIZENS’
HUMAN RIGHTS
ENCOURAGING FREE ENTERPRISE
The global manager is forced to understand and deal with governments as they presently are structured with all their diversity.
Some suffer from cultural lag and are back in the agricultural stage of development.
The transition from totalitarian to more democratic.
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2
3
4
5. Religious System
The means for providing meaning and motivation beyond the material aspects of life.
This transcending system may lift a people to great heights of accomplishment.
Diverse national cultures can be somewhat unified under a shared religious belief.
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5. Religious System
Religion dominates legal and political systems.
The influence of religion is culturally weakening in some states.
Religion can also be a source of divisiveness and conflict in society.
History demonstrates that in the name of religion, zealots and extremists may engage in culturally repressive behaviorImage From : http://www.thewaytohappiness.org http://healthycurezone.blogspot.com
INDIAN BELIEF “Reincarnation” which is enshrined in its major religion.
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6. Association System
The network of social groupings that people form, whether in person or electronically.
These may range from fraternal and secret societies to professional/trade associations.
Some cultures are very group oriented and create formal and informal associations for every conceivable type of activity. Image From : http://www.resourcenter.com
7. Health System The concepts of health and
wholeness, well being and medical problems differ by culture.
Some countries have witch doctors, spiritual remedies, and herb medications.
In this century modern health-care workers are more open, and are even practicing cross-cultural medicine.
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8. Recreational System
The ways in which a people socialize, or use their leisure time.
Considered play in one culture may be viewed as work in another and vice versa.
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8. Recreational System
Global communications are forcefully impacting the media and entertainment industries.
The mass media and Internet become forums for electronic commerce and exchange in terms of leisure and recreation.
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KEY CULTURAL TERMINOLOGY
The specialists who make a formal study of culture use terms that may be helpful to those trying to comprehend the significance of this phenomena in business or international life.
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1. Patterns and Themes
Some cultural anthropologists search for a single integrated pattern to describe a particular culture.
To pinpoint a consistent pattern of thought and action in a culture is difficult.
Usually tacitly approved or openly promoted in the society.
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PUEBLO INDIANSMay be designated as “apollonian”—people who stick to the “middle of the road”
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That each different way of life makes assumptions about the ends or purposes of human existence, about what to expect from each other, and about what constitutes fulfillment or frustration.
- Anthropologists reminded@Explicit and Implicit
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2.Explicit and Implicit
The distinction between public and hidden culture points up how much of our daily activity is governed by patterns and themes.
Cultural conditioning provides the freedom to devote conscious thinking to new and creative pursuits.
Most cultures tend to discriminate against certain groups and believers, and this too may be covert.
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3. Micro- or Subcultures
Subcultures may be described in group classification by age, class, gender, race, or some other entity that differentiates this micro- from the macroculture.
Within a particular religious culture, there may be many sects or subcultures.
As with any profession or vocational field that also has unique cultures, there are differing specialties and focus that are subcultures of the main group.
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4. Universals and Diversity
The paradox of culture is the commonalties that exist in the midst of its diffusion or even confusion. There are generalizations that may be made about all cultures that are referred to as universals.
Certain activities occur across cultures, but their manifestation may be unique in a particular society and brings us to the opposite concept of cultural diversity.
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CALENDAR BODY ADORNMENTS
MARRIAGE COURTSHIP
MYTHOLOGY EDUCATION MOURNING
5. Rational / Irrational / Nonrational Behavior
RATIONAL •A culture is based on what that group considers reasonable for achieving its goals.
IRRATIONAL
•From the accepted norms of a society and may result from an individual’s deep frustration in trying to satisfy needs
NONRATIONAL
•Neither based on reason, nor against reasonable expectations— is it dictated by one’s own culture or subculture.
The meaning of Rational / Irrational / Nonrational Behavior.
5. Rational / Irrational / Nonrational Behavior
A great deal of behavior is of this type, and we are unaware of why we do it, why we believe what we do, or that we may be biased or prejudiced from the perspective of those outside our cultural group.
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6. Tradition
Tradition can program a people as to what are proper behavior and procedures relative to food, dress, and to certain types of people, what to value, avoid, or deemphasize.
Have a powerful influence on their moral system for evaluating what is right or wrong, good or bad, desirable or not.
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6. Tradition
Have a powerful influence on their moral system for evaluating what is right or wrong, good or bad, desirable or not and express a particular culture.
Mass global communications stimulate acquisition of new values and behavior patterns that may more rapidly undermine ancient.
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COUNTING ELEVATOR FLOORS
It is quite normal in the United States to see the 13th floor absent in the selection of floors on the elevator directory panel. This is due, of course, to our cultural bias regarding the number 13 being “unlucky.” By omitting it in the numbering sequence of the hotel floors, one avoids the anxiety of a superstitious customer.
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Members
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GROUP 2 : INTERACTIVE AND MULTIMEDIA DESIGNCOLLAGE OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION INNOVATIONSRINAKHARINWIROT UNIVERSITY
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