Synapse India Dotnet Framework Development

8/10/2019 Synapse India Dotnet Framework Development

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Synapse India DotnetFramework Development



Agenda

• Goals

• Background Information• C# - Up and Running

• Quick Comparison to Java

• Networking Namespaces

• References



Goals

• Provide enough information to allow you to

follow the code samples• Highlight key differences with Java

• Tell you where you can get the compilers

• Tell you where to go for more details on C#

• Tell you where to go for more detailedcomparisons with Java

• Not to debate which is better, more important,faster, slower, or looks better in emacs



Quick Glossary

• BCL – Base Class Library

• CLR – Common Language Runtime• GUI – Graphic User Interface

• MSIL – Microsoft Intermediate Language

• MS – Microsoft

• SCM – Service Control Manager

•

SOA – Service Oriented Architecture



.NET

• .NET is:

• Microsoft’s Platform for Windows Development • CLR – the Virtual Machine that runs MSIL aka MS

Byte Code

•

BCL aka .NET Framework• A set of compilers that can generate MSIL C#,

Visual Basic, C++, Java (the MS flavor)

• Most interoperate with each other



C#

• Language Created by Anders Hejlsberg (fatherof Delphi)

• The Derivation History can be viewed here:Principle Influencing Languages:

• C++

• Delphi

• Java

• Designed to be an optimal Windowsdevelopment language



C# - Up and Running

• A Simple C# Application

• Application Types• Compiler & Run Time



A Sample C# Application



Application Types

• Console Application

•

Has standard streams (out, in, err)• GUI can be added manually

• Windows Application

• GUI based

• No standard streams (out, in, err)

• Main thread is shared by the GUI message pump & yourcode

•

Service• No standard streams (out, in, err)

• Main thread is commandeered by the SCM

• No GUI



Compiler Options from MS

• SDK contains the command line compiler

(C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\{version}\csc.exe)

• {version} looks like v2.0.50727

•

Express Edition – Free IDE to work with VisualC#

• Reduced runctionality version of Visual Studio

•

Visual Studio – The full development system• Optimizations, Data Access, Multi-Language, etc

• $$$



Options Beyond MS

• Mono

• Open source development SDK for .NET• Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, Unix

• Sponsored by Novell

•

Food for thought: Suse + KDE + Mono = ???• Sharp Develop

• Open source IDE that uses .NET SDK or Mono

•

Written in C#



Quick Comparison to Java

• What’s the same

• Syntactically Similar• Garbage Collected VM Environment

• Immutable Strings

•

Exceptions (try / catch / finally)• Object as root

• Single Inheritance model

•

Multi-Interface model

’ ff &



What’s Different & Relevant

• Keywords

• base vs. super• lock vs. synchronized

• : vs. extends & implements

•

is vs. instanceof• Exceptions

• No throws keyword

Wh t’ Diff t & R l t t



What’s Different & Relevant – cont.

• Namespaces

• namespace vs. package• using vs. import

• No wildcard using

• using namespace; // brings it all in – non-recursive

• Type Aliasing

• using newtypename = namespace.type;

• Directory structure != namespace hierarchy (as in

C++)




What’s Different & Relevant – cont.• Properties

• get, set and get/set• public string MyProperty { get { return(_text); } set { _text =

value; } }

• Delegates• Type safe function pointers

• To create• public delegate bool CompareHandler(object left, object

right);

•

To use• CompareHandler ch = new CompareHandler(myMethod);

• bool retval = ch(obj1, obj2);





• Enumerations

• public enum Protocol { UDP, TCP };• public enum Direction { Up = 0, Down = 1, Left = 2,

Right = 4 };

•

Direction d = Direction.Down;• int x = (int)d;

• Direction d = Direction.Parse(“Up”);

• string s = d.ToString();





• Value Types

• Primitives are the same plus• Unsigned values

• ubyte, ushort, uint, ulong

• Careful : by te in java is sb yte in C#

• Class objects to wrap primitives• Int32 x = new Int32(4);

• int x = Int32.Parse(“4”);





• Structures

• Stack based elements, not heap based• Value type

• struct packet { int code; string data; };

• Boxing / Unboxing• Conversion between value type and reference type

• packet p = new packet();

•

object o = (object)p; // boxed• packet p2 = (packet)o; // unboxed

• Significant performance cost!





• Cross Platform Support

• .NET from Microsoft is not cross platform• It is for Windows only

• Mono can run cross platform, but is unproven in

large production environments• MS is currently resisting moving cross platform

• The future is not set



What’s not Relevant, but Useful

• App Domains

• One or more per process• Represents a VM hosted logical process

• Communications between App Domains requires

marshalling (IPC)• Assemblies

• Similar to Java JAR files

•

Physically they are EXE and/or DLL files

Wh t’ t R l t b t U f l




• Attributes

• Meta tags that provide run time information for atype, NOT the instance

• Example: [Serializable] public class foo { int x; };

•

[Serializable] is converted into the classSerializableAttribute

• Attributes can be retrieved at run time

• Many framework sub-systems use attributes

• Serialization, XML, Interop, Conditional, Obsolete, etc…





• Polymorphism

• Methods default to being non-virtual

• To be virtual it must be defined as virtual

• eg: public virtual int Add(int x, int y);

• To override a virtual method, you use the override

keyword• eg. public override int Add(int x, int y);

• Methods not marked virtual are equivalent to Java

final methods• Methods can be marked with new to break the

virtual chain





• Interop

• Access to native code through attributes• [DllImport(“user32.dll”)] static int

GetSystemMetrics(int);

•

The DllImport attribute informs the compiler andruntime that the tagged method is inside a nativeDLL.

• Options such as the actual name in the DLL,

marshalling strategies, calling convention, and morecan be set using the attribute

What’s not Relevant but Useful



What’s not Relevant, but Useful • .NET 2.0 – out now

• Generics

• Partial Types

•

Anonymous Methods• Nullable Types

• .Net 3.0• Its all about data

• Tuples & Query constructs

public void Linq1()

{int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };

var lowNums = from n in numbers where n < 5 select n;

Console.WriteLine("Numbers < 5:");

foreach (var x in lowNums) { Console.WriteLine(x); }

}

Result

Numbers < 5:41320

Networking Namespaces



Networking Namespaces

• System.Messaging• Functionality for MSMQ

• System.Net• Provides access to higher protocols (FTP, HTTP, DNS)

• System.Net.Information• Network information classes providing statistics, interface

information, and ping• System.Net.Sockets

• Light weight wrappers around TCP and UDP sockets

• System.Runtime.Remoting

• Provides functionality for high level distributed programming(similar to RMI)

• System.Web• Provides high level access to HTTP

Future of NET Networking



Future of .NET Networking

• Windows Communications Foundation

•Formally code named Indigo

• Designed to make SOA an integral part of Windows

• Tight coupling with .NET designs

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