Sylvania Engineering Bulletin - Metalarc Lamps 1986

7/28/2019 Sylvania Engineering Bulletin - Metalarc Lamps 1986

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Metalarc Lamps


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TABLE OF CONTENTSLamp Conslruct onOperat ng Pr nc ples and Cnaractenst cs .op' " '' q Po't orf, tr ot op^rat .g Dos - oT

Lumen Output and N,4a ntenancedrP I ''E"F o en ptr dlL ^Table of M n mum Ba ast Voltage Bequ rementsSt1636.1-9p n | 1'e- ' .ordlr r/ Dtdg'dt

Ba last ng Metalarc Lampst -ec- o- | 'lp .ol age .dr .rl o'rd-.p Wdrr Up C'a a o strcsSuper 1V eta arc LampsPrncpes ol Operaton Horzontal Lamps

La-'lp Co-rsl -ct orOutput. L fe and LLrmen lVa ntenancePrncples of Operaton Vert ca Lamps_a- p Co1 r ,, -,o^Output L fe and Lumen lVa ftenance

IVF-d d.C App a( o1rlro .", a L gl- roL.r. ^o Ca. d1d pd.L q LorsBu d ng and S gn Floodl ghtlngSports Arena and Stad um L ght ngCo-rrerc d lrgh'19-oJb esl'oo- 19

lVera a'c B r' ,^g Pos.r o'r-fveta arc and Super Metaiarc Warn ng

Operate n Enc osed F xtures Only.ll Ji'ra. o e' Fao "t or F po' u'^ll Electrrca Shock HazardV Proper Care and N4a ntenanc-^Key to Date of lVafulactureinstal at on and Operat ng lnstruct ons

Page44.. 667

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METALARC LAMPSSylvanias Meta arc arnp s a member of the h ghntensrty d scharge (H .D.) lamp fam y and is themost eff cient source of wh te light ava lab e today.It has h gh effrcacy econom cal y reasonab e lfe,

except ona coor rendering abilty and good umenma ntenance Phys cally, lvleta arc lamps arecornpact n sze and have the same outsded mens ons as correspond ng wattage mercuryamps. lnternal y, they d ffer cons derab y fromrnercury amps the constructon of a typcaMela arc amp s shown n F gure 1 lvetalarclamps are ava lab e in a broad range of sizes inwattages from 175 to 1500 and umen packagesfrom 14,000 to 155000. lvlost of the wattages areava able n a Metalarc C vers on wh ch providessllght y better color rendit on and s ghtly corre atedco or temperature. Some of the types of f,4eta arcamps are avarlab e in a 3K vers on wh ch usesa special phosphor coat ng to ach eve anncandescent range correlated color ternperatLrreLAMP CONSTRUCTIONThe Meta arc arnp has a quartz arc tube wh chs s ghtly smal er than that of the same wattagemercury amp. The arc tube conta ns argon gasand mercury pius thor um rod de, sodium od deand scand um odide. These three rnater als areresponsib e for the outstand ng pedormance of th sremarkable iqhl source. The ends of the arc tubehave a heat reflectinq coatjng to control thetemperature of these areas durng operatonTernperature contro ls essenta to the N/letalarclamps operation and s d scussed n the nextsect onThe Meta arc lamp uses a sp t trame construct onThrs s necessrtated by the hrgh electrochemicaactvty of the addtve system wh ch requresmax mum poss ble solat on of meta parts fromthe arc tube. The arc tube harness nc udes spr ngsu pports at the neck and dome, wh ch make themount structure very durabe and resstant torough serv ce and v brat on. The bimeta sho(ngswtch n the l\,4etalarc amp coses during lampoperat on provrd ng a short c rcu t between thestad ng e ectrode and the adlacent main e ectrodeThrs ensures that there is no potenta differencebetween the ma n e ectrode and the start nge ectrode whrch can lead to e ectrolyt c farlure ofthe arc tube seal. Some Meta arc amps use a so d

Figure 1. Construction oI oo-Watt, Base Up Burning Metatarc lamp.state dode and a bmeta swtch. The dodeaugments lhe b meta swtch dur ng lamp warmupA Boros cale (Hard) glass bu b protects the nnerparts and also absorbs u trav o et from the arc

OPERATING PRINCIPLES ANDCHARACTERISTICSThe Meta arc d scharge d flers tn a very s gntf canlway from the mercury system. in a mercury amp.al of the discharge Tnateria s in the vapor states nce the waltemperalure of the arc tube s h gherthan the bo Ing temperature of mercury Theiodide addtves rn lhe Vletaarc system haveboil ng points cons derab y h gher than the wa ltemperature of the arc tube and some of themater al rema fs condensed n a so d state Thequantrt es of the meta 1c odides n the vapor stateare governed by the temperature of the co destspot on the inter or surface of the arc tube. Thtsphenomenon accounts for many of thecharacteristics of Metalarc amps vrhich arediscussed n subsequent sect onsThe lvletaarc amp uses the same starting pr nc p eas a mercury vapor amp but d tfers s gn f cant yrn start ng requ rements and characterist cs Whenvoltage rs app ed to the amp. in t a tonization takesp ace in the space between the marn electrodeand the adlacent starting electrode Because of

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Fisu'," 2. sp"",,";";"; iiit,in,tion ot rzs-wuttMetalarc Clear lamp.the presence of meta od des n the arc tube thevotage requ red for this to take pace s rnuchh gher n a N/letalarc arnp When there s suffrc entonizat on. the lamp wi I strike from main e ectrodeto main e ectrodeOnce the arc s established, the amp begins towarm up. As the warm up progresses the metaladditves beg n to enter the arc stream and to emitthe r charactenst c radiation. Because of the natureof the metal od de add tive system the susta ningcharacteristcs of the baL ast are Tnore stringentthen those requlred for a mercury lampWhen the amp is fuliy warmed up and the add t vemeta s are in proper concentrat on n the arc, the retfect s cearly seen. The spectral outpLrt of theamp contans a of the wavelengths that thehuman eye s responsve to and much of theradiated energy s sh fted nto areas of thespectrum where the mercury amp is defrcrent.S nce a I wavelengths or co ors are nc uded ngood relat ve ba ance, the overa I appearance ofthe amp co or s white and thus provides exce entrendrt on of all co orsThe spectral energy d str but ons of c ear N/leta arcamps are shown in F gures 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Notethe cont nuous spectrum throughout the v s b ebandThe second firalor advantage of the Meta arc lampn compafson wrth the mercury vapor ai'n p ssubstanta y greater efficacy. ngenera onaszefor s ze bas s the Metalarc arnp has 65 to 70percent greater eff cacy. The Super Meta arc famr yextends th s advantage to nearly 100 percent

Figure 4. Spectral energy distribution of 400-WattMetalarc Clear lamp.

Figure 5. Spectral enerqy distribution oI 1000-WattMetalarc Clear lamp.

Figure 6. Spectral enersy distribution of 1500-WaltMetalarc Clear lamp.

Figure 3. Speclral energy distribution of 250_WattMetalarc clear lamp.


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Figure 7. Spectral energy distribution ol 17s.WattMetalarc/C lamp.

Figure 8. Spectral energy distribution of 250-WattMetalarc/C lamp.

A though the Meta arc lamp has exce lent co orqualty for most rghting applicat ons, there aresome inter or I ghting appl cations, such as storessupermarkets, and other commerclal lnter orswhere even better co or rendition s des rable. Forthese applicat ons, the l'.4 eta arc/C amp isrecommended. Th s amp has a phosphor coatingwhich ncreases the percentages of red orangeand yellow wavelengths n the spectrum asdeplcted n the SED curves (F gures 7 8, 9 and10). The Metalarc/C lamp also features a owercolor temperature (warmer ght) and a morediffuse source of ght which aids n reducrngbrightness and g are For lghting app catonswhere an even warmer ght source s des red the3K lvetalarc amp s ava ab e wh ch has a colortemperature n the sarne range as fcandescentsources.OPERATING POSITIONThe standard lvleta arc products are universalburning position arnps w th three exceptions The175 watt amp s restricted to vertrca base up orveft caL base down or entations. The 750 watt amps restricted to base up only operation. The 1500watt lamp s available n a base up to horizonta,.ersor a"d a ba.e do^r .e


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operatng postons which produce the owestlumen output (and should therefore be avo ded)are approx mately 20-30'from horlzonta (60'70"from verlcal). n operatng postions other thanvedca the arc tends to bend upward therebyproducnq non-unform heating of the arc tubewa , resulting in less etficient operat on. Figure 11is a graph of ght output versus lamp operat ngpos tion for N,4 eta arc amps.LU[/EN OUTPUT AND I\i]AINTENANCEThe N/leta arc system rs chemically comp ex andrequires a per od o{ operatron for a tscomponents to stabi ze. A per od of seasoning ofJ00 hours s required for the amp to reach a setof performance characteristics that are amean ngfu basis for spec f cat on of performanceover fe A published lamp spec frcations arebased on l0O hour measurements.[,4eta arc amps have very good umenmaintenance characteristics The decline in ghtoutput over amp life is very gradua The threema1or causes of the decline n output aredeter orat on of the electrodes over time, oss oftransm ssron of the arc tube due to blackening andsh fts in the chem ca baance of the addtivemateria s. The umen ma ntenance s better whenl\,4eta arc lamps are burned for a onger per od perstaft hence the best ma ntenance w I resu t fromcont nuous operat on.NOTE: When Metalarc amps are used in acont nuous y operating mode Sy van arecommends that a t mer be nc uded in theght ng circu t to cyc e the ampsat eastonceperweek.The umef fira ntenance var es somewhat withamp sze, as depcted by the curves n Figuresl2 to 16. F gures 17 through 20 show the lumenrnaintenance for the phosphor coated Meta arc/Camps. In the case of the phosphor coated ampthere ls an add t ona deprec atron of light w th fedue to the deprec ation of the phosphor ins de theamp. Hor zontal lumen maintenance sapproximately 50/o ower than ve( cal ma ntenanceat the end of rated lifeNOTE When evaluat ng a Metalarc lghtinginstal atof. the amps shou d be operated for 100horrrs to a low them to stab ze

45gL]FN \G IOURS 1 N IHOUSANDSI

Figure 13. Approximate lumen maintenance of 250 WanMetalarc Clear lamp operated venically onvarious burnins cycles.

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o 1 ? 3 4 5 6 7 8 9101112 13 14 15BUFN NG HOI]RS (IN THOUSANDS)Figure 14. Approximaie Iumen maintenance of 400-WartMetalarc Clear Iamp at various burning cycles. All curves are

,r rrousANoslFigure '15. Approximate lumen maintenance oI 1Ooo-WattMetalarc Clear lamp. All curves based on vertical operation.

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Figure 12. Approximate lumen maintenance oJ 175,WattMetalarc Clear lamp. Curves based on vertical operation.

for vertical operation.

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o 5oo rooo r5ooBUNN!N6 HOURSFigure 16. Approximate lumen maintenance of1soo,Watt Metalarc Clear lamp. Curve based on

Figure 18. Approximate lumen maintenance of250-Watt Metalarc/C lamp operated verrically on a 'lOhour cycle.

o123456)89BIJ RN ING tsOURS 1IN THOUSANDS)

Figure 20. Approximate lumen maintenance o{ 1000-Wattlvletalarc/C lamp at various burning cycles. Curves based onvertical operation.

2 too>90rao170i60z-50o20dD r0o

160=50bao33aIn

250-305:o

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-fl,Il T_rk; .(J,

10090ao70605040302010o

aZso5ro8eotisou30.t zo

00123613 BUIN NG HO!J BS lIN THOUSANDSIFigure 17. Approximate lumen maintenance of 17s-WattMetalarc/C lamp. Curves based on vertical operation.

0r2345673SUNNINC I]OURS 1 N TNOUSANOSI

Figure 21. Typical lile expectancy or morratity curves for17s-Watt Metalarc tamps at various burning cyctes.

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0 r 2 3 4 5 6 7 I I 10 | t2 13 l4 t5BIJRN ING I]OUAS 1IN TI]OUSANDSIFigure 22. Typical life expectancy or mortatity curves for4oo-Watt Metalarc lamps at various burning cycles. All curvesapply to operation on single tamp ballast, or independentoperation (parallel) dual baltast.

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302010o 0123456789BURN NG HOUAS (IN THOUSANDSIFigure 23. Typical life expectancy or mortatity curves for1Ooo-Watt Metalarc lamps at various burninq cvctes.

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t "l l_Ll .liil!1I'o us\. t:] -ro\*:-s>;+-' SI "Fr0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 13 14 l5AURNING HOURS ( N THOUSANDS)

Figure 19. Approximate lumen maintenance o{ 400-WattMetalarc/C lamp at various burning rycles. Curves based onvertical operation.8

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4 hours operating per start.

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" "Tr"NrNc.ME - noussFigure 24. Typical li{e expeclancy or mortality curves {or'1500-Watt Metalarc lamps at operating cycle o{ 5 hours per starl.

LAMP LIFE\y'elalarc amp fe is the -. apsed t [.]e n hours atv\' h ch 500/b of a large samp e popu at on ol amps\rv, reach formal efd of fe \,vl.ren operated atcoftro ied nomrnal ba last nput on T0 hour cyc esI the ved ca postion (Super [v]eta arc n nomrnades gn Dos t on )Normal eno of fe s fa ure to start or come upto des,qn power This s caused by graduadeteroraton of the amps eectrodes over lfeE ectrode deteroraton is most severe durngstad ng. Lofger operat ng cyc es y e d onger larnpfe and better umen maintenance Typica mortal tyof fe expectancy curves are shown n F gures 2l

trrrough 2,1The shape ol the lletalarc mo(a ty curve d ifersn that t does nol conta n a sudden sharp d pslah as s charact,oflsl c of rf candesc-oft and

lLrorescenl amps (S-oe Eng neer ng BLr et n 0 324and 0 341.) A though ves of lvleta arc amps ar-orot as ong as those of mercury lamps of the samewattages. it s expected that fe rat ngs w I bef creased as rrnproveinents are made in des gnad'".. ,:'tJ la iqr o.EFFECT OF TEI\,4PERATUREOperal on oi the l,/leta arc arJip s essent a yndependent oi amb eft temperature because theo!ter lacket contros the arc tubes operatngtemperature Wattage. !men output and co or donot vary apprecaby wth temperature. Howev-.ramb ent temperature can affect ba iastperformance lvh ch n turn can alfect ampoperat onWhr e the arc tube rs protecied and re at ve yndependenl of ambeni lamp envronmeftaiernperatur-o c-oTta n efv ronmental condit onsmusl be ma nta ned for norma amp performance.Amonq these are 21OrC rnax m!m on the moguscre\( base and 350oC on the outer gass bu bof a 175 and 250 walt types ,10OoC on ali othertypes Refocus ng or concentrat on of energy oruse of alrxl lary eqLr pment such that nternal ampcomponerls are sublected to abnorma thermal.mechanca or eectrca condtofs must beavo ded. (Abnormal be ng srgn f cartly d iferentf rom those norma ly assoc ated w th operatron ntyp ca contemporary genera ght ng lum nairesw th s xty he(z magnet c meta hal de aux aryequ pmef t ) The comp ex ty of amp. lum na re andaux ary equ pment nterrelal onships necessrtatesmuch care n the desrgn of ne\\i products ormod f cat on oi ex st ng ones.

TABLE IMINIMUM BALLAST VOLTAGE REOUIREMENTS FOR IVIETALARC LAMPS

LAMPWATTSSINE-WAVE BALLAST1.414 CREST FACTOR TYPICAL LEAD.PEAKED BALLAST1.82 CREST FACTOR

PEAK VOLTS RIVIS VOLTS PEAK VOLTS RMS VOLTSAbove50"F Below 50'Fto -20" F Above50'F Below 50'Fto -20" F Above50"F Below 50'Fto -20" F Above50'F Below 50'Fto -20'F

17525040010001500

540540540622622

s40540540750750

ao1382440440

)o1JOZ382530530

540540540622622

RAn540540750750

295295295340340

295295295410410NOTEi These are minimum requirements for 98% probability of starting at 50"F and 90% probability at 20"F.

IMPORTANT: Metal-Halide (lead-peak) ballasts will operate mercuty lamps{sine-wave) ballasts will operate Metalarc lamps only if the above required peak voltagethe specified temperatures.

of equal wattage- Mercuryis available from the ballast at


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The starting of Metalarc lamps is sens tive totemperature. At ow temperatures the reducedrnercury vapor pressure rnakes lamp ign t on mored fficult n a hot restr ke condrt on following apower nterrupt on the ampmustcool sothatthearc tube pressure s reduced belore the balastvoltage rs sutf cient to start the amp. The rnin mumstart ng voltages requ red to assure startingre abil ty at 50oF and 2OaF are listed in Table LNote to lght ng equlpment designers: lnequ pment des gn, extreme caution must be usedto assure that the therrnal environment created bythe system and the e ectr cal nput comply withthe nom na conditions dscussed above Dev ationfrom these nom na condtlons may cause achange in larnp operat ng voltage, wattage. umenoutput and result rn deterioration of lampcornponents resu t ng n reduced ampperformance.STROBOSCOPIC EFFECTThe arc rn a lvletalarc amp and a other e ectr cd scharge lamps operated on a 60 hertza ternat ng cu rrent s com p etely ext nguished 120times per second. The lght output of the anrp smodu ated at th s rate Th s varrat on rs greater ina c ear lamp than nalvetaarc/Cora3KMetalarcamp. With the phosphor-coated lamps there ssonre phosphorescence or'carry-over" action.That is, the coat ng cont nues to glow for a shortper od of time after the radiat on f rom the arc scut off . However there is st I a rapid variat on n

''X COORDINATEFigure 25. Typical Chromaticity Diagram

light output wh ch, under certa n c rcumstancesmay produce what s ca led stroboscop c effectBecause of the stroboscop c eflect, an oblect thatis moving at a un form speed may appear to movein jerks U nder the most extreme cond tions arotatlng object such as a fly wheel, may seem tobe stand ng st I or even rotat ng n a reversed rect on. Stroboscoptc elfect s otten unnot cedand in most nstal ations t s not a prob em lt maybe reduced by operatlng pa rs of lamps on leadag type ba asts or groups of three arnps onseparate phases of a three-phase c rcu t. Manynstal ations of Meta arc lamps are performingsatisfactor y n areas where very fast motion

OCCLTS cLrA ac .rdCl- ^e ShOpc qr--a( trrtenns courts and other spo(s areasThe phys cal, electrica and photometrlcc ,:ric-a'rs, cS ol M^tald c Br^1ps atd Qt . o^ 1Product lnformat on and Specify nq Gu deMA-143R2

CHROMATICITY DIAGRAM7 gure 25 is a graphrcal representalron of theapparent color of a amp. This graph s cal ed achromat c ty (color) diagram and shows the x andy coord nates or the des gn center of a N/lela arclamp and also shows the correlated colortemperature in degrees Ke v n. The etter C nthe d agram is the des gn center of the 1000.Wattclear N,4eta arc amp. Other N/letalarc lamps havechromatic ty des gn centers as ind cated by the rx and y chromaticrty coordinates shown n Table1l (Paoes 16 2i).The chromatlcity coordjnates have manufactur ngto erances lust as are {ound in umens and phys casrze to erances. On a chromat city dlagram thellmits or to erances for a particu ar amp aredescr bed by a color ova 'as shown n the ftgure.A comp eted lamp must have its x and ychromat c ty coord nates fall wthinthisoval n orderto meet the manufacturng spec fications for anacceptable arn pDuring the first 100 hours of operation of a lampthe ova does not apply s nce the amp has notfuly stab lzed and settled into rts final color lampsaged 100 hours. however, shou d fall wthrn thecoor ova when operated at deslgn wattage. Noco or eva uation shou d be made, therefore. on anew y installed group of amps wh ch have notoperated 100 hours. t must be understood thatthe apparent co or of the lamp does not indicatethat the amp s not produc ng the ful rated umen

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output, nor does t ndicate that ts co or renderingab ty s inadequate Color samp es illum nated bythe lamp wil verify the adequacy of the co of anda footcandle meter wiL demonstrate the relativeumen output of the lamp. Correlated co ortemperature, co or rendering rndex and x and ychromat crty coord nates for Metalarc lamps aregiven n Table I (Pages 16 21)BALLASTING METALARC LAMPSThe Metalarc amp ach eves ts high etf cacy andexce ent color charactelst cs from the add tivesn the discharge The presence of metal iodidesrn the amp lead to specia bai ast ng requ rements.The od de material makes t more d fficult to ion zethe gas n the arc tube and therefore a higher opencircu t vo tage s required to start a i\l eta arc lamp.To provide qood umen ma ntenance a currentcrest factor of 1.8 or less dur ng operation srequired Current crest factor is the ratio of peakto BMS current These requ rements are satisf edby the ead peak autotransformer c rcu t whichbu lds a peak on a sine waveform and satisfiesthe current crest factor requirement. Ba lasts witha s ne waveform are sat sfactory f the peak voltagerneets the m n mum requ rements of the spec ficamp.In add t on to starting and operating requtrementsthe N/letalarc amp must be prov ded correctelectncal nput durrng its warmup per od. Any arclamp extingu shes every electrica ha f-cycle or onehundred and twenty t mes per second on a s xtyhertz suppiy. The amp requ res suff cient vo tage

T--pE AK - \./2 AN]S

Figure 26. Sine Waveform Relationship.

to re gnite it every half,cycle. This voltagerequirement s higher wlth N,4eta arc amps thanwith mercury vapor lamps due to the presenceof the meta od des. This reign tion vo tage saffected by the waveform of the current suppliedto the amp during warmup. A ser es of shorl, highcurrent pu ses wth a ong o{f time between themeads to a condition where arc conductiv tydec nes signrficantly between current pulses. Th seads to a h gher voitage requirement to reignitethe larnps.The presence of the add t ve system mposes sho(term votage demands on the bal ast durngwarmup. The lead peak c rcuit satisf es theserequirements. Circurt and ine vo tage re at onsh psaffect the phase re ation of the votage and currentsuppl ed to the amp These re ationsh ps must becons dered n the desrgf of bal ast ng for [\,4etalarclampsStart ng vo tage requirements for l\,4etalarc lampsare isted in lab e S m lar wattage Super lvetalarcamps operate on the same auxrliary equ pmentas standard Meta arc lamps.EFFECT OF LINE VOLTAGE VARIATIONlf the N,4eta arc ba last rs tapped, it is very rnipofiantto match the tap connect on to the line voltagemeasured at the ba last for best arnp performance.Some ba asts are tapped to accommodate morethan one ne votage, such as 120/240. and somehave taps for line vo tages that are different fromnom na values, such as 110/120. Var ations n theI ne votage to the ba last wi I increase or decreasethe larnp watts in var ous amounts. depend ng onthe ba ast type, as shown in Fiqure 28

PEAK = ] 8 RMSrlMS

Figure 27. Lead-Peak Waveform Relationship.


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110I

R EA CTORBA LLAST \ '/

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two planes. The longitud nal axis of the amp mustmeet this requ rement and the vert ca center neof the body of the arc tube is he d to the samemts. These toerances are allowed in order toaccount for physica mitatons of actua fxturesand nstallat ons but the lamp is rea y a po ntdesign and the deal sto perfect orentatron ftheal owed to erances are exceeded ampperformance w I be compromised and life w il beshortened The POMS wtll accommodate astafdard mogu base and mercury or \,4etalarcamps can be used n these socketsFgure 31 shows the cofstructon detai s of ahor zontai Super Metaarc lamp.

SPECIA LLY CONTOUREDFigure 31. Construction of a horizontal Super Metalarclamp. Only differences from standard Metalarc lamps arehightighted.

OUTPUT, LIFE AND LUMEN I\4AINTENANCEF* gures 32 and 33 are spectra energy d stributionslor the hor zontal operating Super Meta arc lampsF-igure 34 s a amp morta ly curve. Lumenrnaintenance characteristlcs are shown tn F gure35PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION -VERTICAL LAMPSVefi ca y operat ng Super Meta arc lamps are a sothe resu t of detai ed studies of arc behavior ManyN4eta arc lamps are operated vert ca ly and anymod f cat on to improve eff ciency rn th s orieftat onwou d be a s gnif cant benefit As w th thehor zonta Super Metalarc lamps. adaptat on of theamp des gf to natura lamp operat ng cond t onsprov des an improved Meta arc amp.n a vertca y operated cy ndrca arc tubeconvect on currents tend to separate into upperand ower patternS The lower convect on patterns r cher n the high elt crency add t ve mater al andts output s c oser to that of a mercu ry d scharqe.

Figure 32. Spectral energy distibulion ofMS4OO/HOR Clea. lamp.

10090ao10605040302010

o o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a 9101112 13 14 15Figure 34. Iypical life expectancy or monality curuesfo. 400 Watt Super Meralarc lamps at various burningcycles. All curves apply to operation on single lampballast, or independent opration {parallel) dual ballast.\

OPERATING TIME-HOURSFigure 35. Typical lumen maintenance curve for 400 WattSuper Metalarc horizontal lamps on a ten hour perslart operatinq cycle.

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oFzoca

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ouZb

POSITION OR IENTEDI\lOGU L BASE

LOC KIN G PIN

Fiqure 33. Spectral enerqy distribution ol

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The average etfect of these two patterns is the totallamp output.By forming the arc tube to the expanded secliongeometry shown in F gure 36, the convectioncirculation currents are modifled to a sing e patternw th an overa increase n the addit ve content ofthe arc Th s des gn ncreases lamp efficacy bytwentyj ve percent.

Figure 36. Arc tube geometry of the MS1OOo SuperMetalarc lamp.The sing e convection pattern causes the arc tobe slight y less stab e than arc n a stra ght walledtube and there may be an almost mperceptib eshifting or wandering effectVefiica y operating Super Meta arc amps have thesame ba ast ng requirements as the same wattagestandard Metalarc lamps. Vertica Super iV eta arclamps are ava able in base up and base downdesrqns and must be operated within 15'ofverticai in su tably enclosed fixtures.LAMP CONSTRUCTIONS nce this amp des gn is intended for vert caloperatlon no special base and socketarrangement is requ red With the exception of thespecial expanded sectlon arc tube the vertcalSuper Metalarc lamp construct on is ldentical toa standard Meta arc amp.

OUTPUT LIFE AND LUIVEN MAINTENANCEF gure 37 ls a spectra energy drstfbut on of the1\151000. Lumen ma ntenance and morta rty areshown n F gures 38 and 39 \ulS4OO lumenma ntenance and morta rty are shown n F=igures39 A and 39 B.

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6"i30Prct

Figure 37. Spectral energy distribution of theMS1O00 Super Metalarc lamp

CLE qRC OAT :l)

BUAIINC HOUAS I N IHOUS^NDS]Figure 34. Typical maintenance curve for 1000 Watt SuperMetalarc lamps on a ten hour per start operaiing cycle.

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=F: roo-90gBo

3uojuobooF30z{r 10

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a I 10BU RN ING HOURS 1IN THOUSANOS)Figure 39. Typical life expectancy or mortality curves for1000 Watt Super Metalarc lamps at various burnins cycles

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auANrNc Houtss irN rHousrNos)Figure 39A. Typical lumen maintenance curve for 4oo-WattSuper Metalarc venical lamps on a 10 hour perstan operating cycle.

1H++suRN N6 aOURS lrN TBOuSANOST

Figure 398. Typical life expectancy or monality curves for400 Watt Super lvletalarc lamps at various burning cycles. Allcurves apply to operation on single lamp ballast, orindependent operation (parallell dual ballast.

9sa3?o?60atob.oiro52"

METALARC APPLICATIONSINDUSTRIAL LIGHTINGMeta arc amps, especially the 400 Watt and1OOO'Watt s1zes, are the best choice for mostndustr a I ght ng applicat ons that require relat velyh gh mounting of the lum na res. Obv ously theentire range of lamps can be app ied to the variousmount ng he ghts and ntensrty requ rements metn fter or lighting. ln one nstal ation over900 400'Watt lvleta arc amps, mounted at 20feet, provide ght ng of 80 footcandles in theunc ean atmosphere of a metal stamping andform ng plant A signif cant insta lat on, mounted60 feet above the floor in a 180 x 50 foot room.at Cape Kennedy's Jet Propulson LaboratoriesSpacecraft Assemb y area uses lOOO-WattMetalarc lamps. A ighting eve of 500 footcandlesof shadowless white lght, w th fa thf ul colorrendrt on, permrts rap d documentary andeng neer ng sequential co or photography w thoutthe use of f lters or other corrective means lnchemca and petroeum pants, where colordentifrcat on of p pes. circu ts, warning or caut onareas s of paramount importance N/leta arc lampshave found ready acceptanceFor outdoor areas adjacent to factories, the highefficacy of N,4eta arc lamps perm ts econom cprotect ve and parking lot lghtlng installations.Another interest ng outdoor app catron is the

um nat on of one of the nation's float ng dry docksw th N/leta arc lamps. The wealth of bflght. white1 ght alJows after dark repa r and f nish ng activit eswilh a min mum of supplementa light ng.

USED CAR AND PARKING LOTSThe true color rend tron propeaties of l\,4eta arclamps have made it easy to locate a car by its colorin the general lighting of extens ve sa es lots Thereare now many installat ons using poles 30 to 120feet h gh w th 2 or more 1000-Watt Metalarc lampsper po e to produce br ght uniform ilum nat onThe sales of used cars depend on the eye appeal-glitter, sparkle, high intens ty and true colorrenditron of cars Many used car ots across thecountry are currently using, with ncreased sa es,the br ghtet more efficrent lght ng of l\,4eta arclamps to add spark e. mproved co or and saiesappeal to cars.BUILDING AND SIGN FLOOD LIGHTINGln the ream of advertsing, slgn boards andbuild ng f ood lghting the 400-Watt Metalarc rsbe ng grven prirne cons deratron as the workhorseof that ndustry. B llboards ighted from the bottomw th several N,4etalarc amps in f oodllghtingequ pment assume dramatic new d menstons withexcel ent coor rendton and hioh evels ofum nat on.A more recent technique of ght ng high rise signsut I zes Metalarc amps mounted on or close to theground, a naTrow beam fixture is used to projectthe light up to the s gn l\,4aintenance becomesmuch less expens ve when compared to thenterna ly ighted plastic s gn norma ly used for thisapp cat onBu dings that may be nconspcuous n theda),4 me take on an attent on attracilng appearanceat night when f oodiighted w th lveta arc ghtingequ pment.

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SPORTS ARENA AND STADIUM LIGHTINGlvleta arc's high eff cacy and super or colorrend tion are dramatica 1y llustrated every t meMetalarc lamps are used in sports arenas andstad ums. Most major sporting events are nowte ecast n co or lnstead rf black and whlte.Because coor telecasting of footbal games,baseball seres, hockey matches and othersporting events, requ res severa times more ghtthan back and white, rnany sports arenas andstad ums are ghted with Nileta arc lamps wh chprovde the necessary h gher footcand es andexce lent color.The 1SOO-Watt Metalarc lamp s spec f cal ydes gned for sports lght ng applications. lwo ofthe mportant features of this lamp are ts h ghumen output and good malntenance. The arctube s designed to withstand the high currentspresent while mainta ninct good co or rend t on andh gh ight output throughout rated life. The1500'Watt 1V eta arc lamp operates at a corre atedcolor temperature, wh ch rs compat b e with colortelevis on broadcast ng equipment. lt is, therefore,highly su ted to a sports arena and stadiumlighting applications where max mum lghttngevels at mlnimum cost are of prlme mportance.COMMERCIAL LIGHTINGFor commercial interiors, such as banksdepartment stores, furniture stores, appliancedea ers and supermarkets. the l\,4etalarc/C or theMeta arc 3K lamp has been accepted bymerchants as an idea ght source. Used n

suspended or recessed lighting equipment,l\,4eta arclc or the Metalarc/3K lamps create abr ght, cheerful store atmosphere that is p easingto merchants and customers. lvlany supermarketsare benefiting from an average of 140 200footcandles or more throughout the store. Th s sconsiderab y above the nat onal average of lessthan 100 ln superrnarkets. Especally benefcaa so s the h gh level of vertrcal footcandles fromMetalarc/C or the N/letalarc/3K ighting equipment,which provides adequate luminatlon not only atthe top she t but at the middle and bottom shelvesas wel . Colors of merchand se and packag ng areespec ally v vid under Metalarc/C or theMeta arc/3K lampsApp cat ons of N/leta arc lamps are continuing togrow n number neary everyday. The future forthis compact and h ghly efi c ent Ight source, wthts exceJent color renderng characterstcs, slmited on y by the maginat on of the des gnersof today's af d tomorrow s ight ng nstallat ons andequ pment. N,4etalarc lamps now br ng thechal enge of creating new and excit ng light ngconcepts to the daily scope of the applicat onlight ng eng neers and arch tects.

TROUBLESHOOTINGFor complete informat on of troubleshootingprocedures refer to Eng neer ng Bu let n O-345,lloubleshooting H D Lghtlng Systems.

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Metalarc Lamps - Burning Positions150150

BASE UP IO HORIZONTAL(BU HOR)

150 150VERTICAL BASE UP+T5o

BASE DOWN(BD )

V ERTJCAL BASE DOWN+T5o

HORlZONTAL(HOR)

UNIVERSAL150 150

METALARC ANDSUPER IVETALARC WARNINGI. OPERATE IN ENCLOSED FIXTURES ONLYThe Sy van a Metalarc and Super N/leta arc. ampsmust be operated on y n f xtures which areenc osed wth tempered glass, or other suitablemater a s spec f ed by the fixture manufacturer foruse w th Sy van a 1amps. These lamps are sublectto a type of fa ure n wh ch the arc tube, operat ngat a pressure of approx mate y 50 p.s. . burstsafdshatters the outer lacket resu t ng n the drschargeof hot quartz arc tube part c es (as h gh as 1B32oF1000"C) and the outer lacket partrc es. ntheeventof such fa lure THERE lS A RISK OF PERSONAL

NJURY AND PROPERTY DAI,/AGE FFOM HOTQUARTZ ABC TUBE PART CLES. SHATTEREDGLASS BURNS, AND FIRE. Enclosed rnatena smust withstand thrs risk lf you have an openlixture or if you do not know whether theenclosures in your fixture can saiely withstandan arc tube rupture, contact GTE Sylvania oryour fixture manuJacturer for information.Enc osu res wh ch com ply w th U. L Standard 1572(December 10, 1984) may not wthstand an arctube ruplure. The risk of fire and injury to personsor property may be present even though theenclosures have U. L. labels.


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II. ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION EXPOSUREIH]S tAMP CAN CAUSE SERIOUS SKIN BURNAND EYE NFLAN/MATION FROIV SHORTWAVEULTRAVOLET RADIATION IF OUTER JACKETOR ENVELOPE OF THE LAIVP IS BROKEN ORPUNCTURED Do not use where peope wilrema n for more than a few m nutes unlessadequate sh elding (tempered glass or othersu table enc osure materials described rnparagraph I above) or other safety precautions areused. Lamps that w I automatica y extingu shwhen the outer enve ope s broken or puncturedare commercial y availab e.TH S LAN/P CONFORIIS TO FEDERATSTANDARD 21CFR,1O4O30III, ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARDDo not remove or nse( lamp when power is on.lf outer jacket is broken, shut off power mmedlate yand remove lamp after it has coo ed.IV PROPER CARE AND MAINTENANCETo m nim ze the hazards described abovel) Operate amps on y ln compat ble f xtures andon c rcu ts wired w th appropflate auxi ary

equ pment (See Operatng lnstructonsbe ow);2) Operate amp ony in postion specified inOperat ng nstructions be ow,Do not expose lamp to mo sture,Replace amp f outer bulb s scratched;Repace amp at or before the end ofrated life as specrf ed in GTE Sylvan aProduct Bu et ns for each lamp typeiTurn lamp off for at least fifteen minutes atleast once a week,Electrca y nsulate any rneta support ncontact wth outer lacket to avoid g assdecom pos tion;

KEY TO DATE OF MANUFACTUREThe date of manufacture of this amp s shown ncoded nformat on v sible e ther on the meta tabinslde the lamp near the base or embossed onthe base. The letters "SR" always precede the datecode. The numbers following 'SR' represent a 3dig t, 10 year (120 month) date code stafiing wthJanuary 1981 as 001 and end ng wth December1990 as 12A aor example. date code 007designates a lamp manufactured n Ju y 1981.INSTALLATION AND OPERATI NGINSTRUCTIONS[\,4eta arc amps w I operate satisfactori y on y f theaux liary equipment (eg bal ast. startet capac tor& socket) conforms to e ectr cal spec f cat ons setforth n the Product Bulletins ava lab e from GTESy vania. N4eta arc anrps wil not operate w thaux ary equ pment des gned for mercury lampsof the sanre wattage.Lamps shou d be screwed rnto the socket firm ywithout using undue pressure. Screw lamp ntosocket using dome end rather than the arger lampd ameter to avoid damag ng the ampThis amp s equ pped wth a date-record ng base.There s no guesswork about the burn ng life ofthe lamp. (S mp y scratch through the appropriatecode numbers, the month and year the lamp isinstalled)The letters BD , BU-HOR" BU', HOR'. or 'Uappear on the outer lacket beneath the Sylvan a"'1ogo, and specify the posrt on n which the ampmust be operated. These pos t ons are as follows:BD-Base Down, lamp must be operated on y na postion wh ch is wrthin 15o of Base DownVert caBU-HOR Base Up to Horizontal, lamp must beoperated n a postion +9Oo of Base UpBU-Base Up Only, lamp must be operated n apositon whch s wth n 15o Base Up.HOR-Horizontal, lamp must be operated on y na pos tion which s w th n 15' ot hor zontaU-Universal, Lamp must be operated in anyburninq posit on

3)4)5)

6)7)

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SYLUA NtA ll!;i'Xfrco""'" ut GiElffiLocation Sales

Offices(TO OBTAIN SALES ANDTECHNICAL INFORMATION)DistributionCenters(TO ORDER LAMPS AND TO OBTAIN SHIPPINGINFORMATION) WAREHOUSE STOCKS MAINTAINEDIN THESE LOCATIONS

Zip Codeip CodeAtlanta, Ga. 2115 Sylvan Rd.. S W.444-762-1741 30344 2115 Syvan Rd. S W4047621181 30344Aoston. Mass. 60 Boston Street, Salern, IVA617-777-1900-X3673 105 Andover Slreet P.O Box 377, Danvers, N4A617 777 19AO X2A66 019231970Buffalo, N.Y. 25 Dewberry Lane, Gardenviie lnd. Park716 668 7559 25 Dewbeny Lane. Gardenvrle lnd Park716 668 75554224Charlotte. N.C. 3811 North Dav dson Sl.. P O. Box 5246744-334-4671 3811 Nonh Davrdson Sl . P O Box 5246744 334 46714225 28225Chicago, lll.(Elk Grove Vilage)

800 Devon Ave., Elk Grove Vilage, lllnois312,593-3400 800 Devon Ave, Elk Grove V llage. lllno s312-593-34000007 60007Cincinnati. Ohio 5480 Creek Road513 793 6444 45242 5480 Creek Road513 793 6440Cleveland, Ohio 4848 West 1301h Slreet216-267-6AAA 4848 Wesl 1301h Street2T6-267-68004135 44135Dallas, Texas(Carro lton) 2040 McKenzie Dr PO Box 5018 Carrollton. TX214 247 78AA Box 5018 Carrollton. TX75011 501850f-5018 2040{vlcKenzeDr,PO214 241,1800Denver. Colorado 4675 Holly Streel303-399-1760 80216 802r 64675 Holly Sveel303,399-1760Detroil, Michigan(Dearborn) 10800 Ford Road. Dearborn. Ml313 582 8754 10800 Ford Road Dearborn N4l313 582 87544126Hartford, Conn. 100 Constilut on Plaza203 249 5823 06r 03 105 Andover Slreel PO Box 377. Danvers MA611777 lgAO 01923Honolulu. Hawaii 770 Kapiolan Blvd Su te 513808-536,5267 l8ll Adran Road. Burlngame Ca f.4i5 697 35006813 940r 0Houston. Texas I440 Greengrass Dr.713 869 8671 77448 714O81440 Greengrass Dr713 869 8671Kansas City, Kansas 450 FLrnston Road913-371 -3773 661 15 661 15450 Funslon Road913-371-3773Los Angeles, Calif. 6505 East Gayharl Slreel, P O Box 2795213 726 1666 6505 East Gayhart Slreel213 726166600s1Minneapolis, Minn.(Frid ey) 5330 lndustrial Blvd N E.. Frdley, lV nn612-571-9444 5330 lndusirial Bvd. N.E.. Ffldley Minn.612 571 94005421 55421New Orleans, Louisiana 5510 Jetlerson Hrghway504 733 6970 5510 Jelferson Highway504,733-69700r 83 70183New York. New York 237 Park Avenle. glh F oor212-503-1410 1000 HLry er Slreet. Teterboro. N J212 244 AA2A0017Orlando, Florida 7492 Chancellot Dflve P.O Box 133274305-859-6220 7492 Chan.eLor Driv-6 P O Box 133274305-859,62202859 32859Philadelphia. Penn.(Devon) 465 Devon Park Oriv P.O. Box 500. Devon. PA215 293 9330 19333 465 Devon Park Drve. P O Box 500. Devon. PA215-293-9330 19333Pittsburgh, Penn 450 Butler Street. P O. aox 9544412.7A1 4533 450 Bltler Slreel P O Box 9544412 781 15335223 15223St. Louis, lllissouri(Hazelwood) 5656 Campus Parkway. Hazelwood. MO314-731-5515 5656 Campus Parkway Haze wood, MO314 731,5515 63412san Francisco. Calil.lBurlingame)

l81T Adrian Road Burlingame, Calil.415 697-3500 18T1 Adrian Foad. B!rlingame Calit415-697-35004010 94010Seattle, Washington 750 So. lV chigan Slreel206-t 63-2664 750 So M ch gan Street206 763 26608108 98r08Telerboro, New Jersey 1000 Huy er Streel201 2AA 9484 1000 Huy er Street 07608Washington, D.C.(Springf e d Va.) 6610 Eleclron c Drve Springfield. VA703-354,3100 6610 Eleclronc Drve Springfield VA703 354 310022151

Sylvania Engineering Bulletin - Metalarc Lamps 1986

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