Albana Ilo TU Wien, Vienna, Austria Institute of Energy Systems and Electrical Drives 1 Sustaining Security of Supply in the Future: Challenges and Opportunities of the holistic LINK - Solution 17 - 20 September 2018 , Barcelona, Spain
Albana Ilo
TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
Institute of Energy Systems and Electrical Drives
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Sustaining Security of Supply in the Future:
Challenges and Opportunities of the holistic
LINK-Solution
17-20 September 2018 , Barcelona, Spain
Popular concepts in Smart Grids
Source: IEEE-PES Task Force on Microgrid Control, “Trends in Microgrid Control”, IEEE Transactions on smart grid, Vol. 5, No. 4, July 20142
…“The adoption of microgrids as the
paradigm
for the massive integration of distributed generation will allow technical
problems to be solved in a decentralized fashion, reducing the need for an
extremely ramified and complex central coordination and facilitating the
realization of the Smart Grid.”…
The penetration of the new forms of energy, wind and photovoltaic, in form
of small decentralized plants and slow storage development is challenging:
- the power system operation in transmission and distribution level
- the cyber attack risk on power grids is increasing drastically
- the data privacy is being seriously undermined
Virtual Power Plants Microgids
Popular concepts in Smart Grids
sufficiently broad to properly characterize the variety of the smart grid
operation?
3Source: A. Ilo, “Link- the Smart Grid Paradigm for a Secure Decentralized Operation Architecture”, Electric Power Systems Research - Journal – Elsevier, Volume 131, 2016, pp. 116-125.
. . . Each time we get into this logjam of too much
trouble, too many problems, it is because the methods,
that we are using are just like the ones we have used
before. The next scheme, the new discovery, is going to
be made in a completely different way. So, history does
not help us much.
Source: RP. Feynman, “The character of physical law”, New York: Modern Library, 1994: p. 158.. Source: Google
Virtual Power Plants Microgids
After more than 15 years research the question arises:
Are these concepts
___________________________
&
“LINK” – The Smart Grid Paradigm
Source: A. Ilo, “Link- the Smart Grid Paradigm for a Secure Decentralized Operation Architecture”, Electric Power Systems Research - Journal – Elsevier, Volume 131, 2016, pp. 116-125.
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Electrical appliance
Control schema
Interface
Hardware
Automation
Communication
A technical system consists
of three major elements:
LINK - Paradigm is defined as a set of one or more electrical appliances – i.e.
a grid part, a storage or a producer device -, the controlling scheme and the
LINK-interface .
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Energy Supply Chain Net”- holistic technical model
“Energy Supply Chain Net” is an holistic technical model for power systems thatconsists of a set of automated power grids, intended for chain links, which fit into onean-other to establish a flexible and reliable electrical connection. Each individual link ora link-bundle operates autonomously and have contractual arrangements with otherrelevant boundary links or link-bundles.
Market holistic model is a mirror of the technical holistic model.
Architecture Elements
Source: A. Ilo, “Link- the Smart Grid Paradigm for a Secure Decentralized Operation Architecture”, Electric Power Systems Research - Journal – Elsevier, Volume 131, 2016, pp. 116-125.
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M A R K E T
M A
R K
E T
M A
R K
E T
M A R K E T
Technical-functional architecture of smart power systems
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Neighbor Grid - Link (j)Neighbor Grid - Link (2)HV_ Grid - Link (1)
Customer Plant
Storage-Link (p)
Storage-Link(i)
Producer-Link (m)
Storage-Link (1)
Producer-Link (k)
Producer-Link (1)
LV_ Grid - Link (i)
Storage-Link (p)
Storage-Link(i)
Producer-Link (m)
Producer-Link (k)MV_ Grid - Link (i)
Storage-Link (1) Producer-Link (1)
Producer-Link (m)Storage-Link (p)
Storage-Link(i)
Storage-Link (1)
Producer-Link (k)HV_ Grid - Link (i)
Producer-Link (1)
TSO – DSO cross borderTSO – DSO cross border
Boundary node
Boundary node
Operation / Study Grid - Link (i)
Neighbor_Grid-Link(1)
M
M
M
MM M
M
M
M
M
AGGREGATOR
M
M M M
Unified LINK-based architecture of smart power
systems and electricity market
Generalized LINK-based architecture of smart power
systems
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Digitalisation vs. Automation
Automation is crucial for the future power systems
Effective use of digitalization is possible only after automation
M MM
MV-Grid-Link and Producer-Link, realized and
operated in the framework of ZUQDE project, Salzburg, Austria
BLiN
˜
MVG
30.0 kV
Secondary
control
˜
˜ ˜
Q Q
U
Q Q
cosf=const
Neighbor LV-Grid-LinkNeighbor LV-Grid-Link
Neighbor HV-Grid-Link
Operation / Study MV-Grid-Link
Lungau
Neighbor LV-Grid-Link
cos(f)=const.
MV-Grid-Link
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Reactive power and voltage control
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Operation results of MV_Grid-Link within the framework
of ZUQDE project, Salzburg, Austria.
Voltage and load reduction potential
Time Loading case
Supplying
transformer
loading
[MW]
Voltage
reduction
[%]
Load
reduction
[%]
Day 1: 15:38 avarage 16,7 4,33 6,53
Day 1: 16:00 avarage 17,0 4,67 7,06
Day 2: 21:37 minimal 9,7 4,33 4,67
Day 2: 22:13 night current 12,8 4,33 6,57
Energy saving potential
From literature* "… 1% reduction in
voltage results in an avarage 0,4 - 1%
reduction in energy consumption ..."
Expected: circa 2% energy saving
*Measuring the efficency of voltage reduction at
Hydro-Québec distribution, IEEE 2008
ENTSOE-E overall electricity consumption in 2015 → 3,278 TWh
2% energy saving → 64.56 TWh
on off
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Demand response process: line overload on high voltage grid
Demand response process: real-time pricing
Demand response process: line overload on high voltage grid
Costumer
-LinkCostumer
-Link
HV_LinkOne line is
overloaded.
It is required 2% and
6% demand
reduction in points AH
and BH respectively
AH
BH
MV_Link_12% demand reduction
can be reached by using
CVR. No other actions
are necessary
MV_Link_2Only 5.4% demand
reduction can be reached
by using CVR. Other
actions are necessary
LV_Link_20.2 % demand reduction
can not be realised
within the link. Other
actions are necessary
A2M
B2M
Customer-Link0.4 % demand reduction
by switching off cooling
system. No other actions
are necessary
A1L
-0.01%
new set point
approved
set point
Customer
-LinkA2L
Customer
-Link
LV_Link_10.4 % demand reduction
can not be realised
within the link. Other
actions are necessary
Customer
-Link
LV_Link
HVSO
MVSO_A LVSO-A
LVSO-B
B2L
HMU-123
HMU-945
HMU-1001
Source: A. Ilo, “Link- the Smart Grid Paradigm for a Secure Decentralized Operation Architecture”, Electric Power Systems Research - Journal – Elsevier, Volume 131, 2016, pp. 116-125.13
Restauration in case of total black out:
Power systems using the LINK-based architecture
Conclusions
- The unified LINK-based holistic architecture brings under one umbrella the entire
power system, the costumer plants and the electricity market.
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- “LINK” – solution facilitates the integration of renewable distributed energy resources
in large scale thus enabling the decarbonisation of power industry.
- Automation and digitalization are crucial for the realisation of LINK-solution.
- To guaranty the security of supply, automation should have the priority in the
implementation process .
Thank you for your attention
Ass.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.techn. Albana Ilo
TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
Institute of Energy Systems and Electrical Drives
Telefon: +43 (0)1 58801 370114
Mail: [email protected]
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