SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE TOWARDS A 90% CO 2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS EUROHEAT & POWER CONFERENCE BRUSSELS - 5 JUNE 2008 JOAN SABATÉ / CHRISTOPH PETERS
47
Embed
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE TOWARDS A 90% CO 2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE TOWARDS A 90% CO 2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS. EUROHEAT & POWER CONFERENCE BRUSSELS - 5 JUNE 2008 JOAN SABATÉ / CHRISTOPH PETERS. Increase of CO 2 -emissions in Spain 1990 - 2008. Crisis what crisis ?. Resources: Materials – Energy - Water. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGSSUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE
TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
EUROHEAT & POWER CONFERENCE BRUSSELS - 5 JUNE 2008
JOAN SABATÉ / CHRISTOPH PETERS
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Increase of CO2-emissions in Spain 1990 - 2008
Crisis what crisis ?
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Resources: Materials – Energy - Water
Density
Multi-functionality
Transport
Energy Demand, Generation & Distribution
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
1. Use of low environmental impact
materials with minimum embodied energy for their production, reuse, recycling or disposal.
2. Reduction of the building’s energy demand by means of architectural design and special attention to the composition of the building’s envelope.
3. Use of energy efficient systems for HVAC and lighting and introduction of a Building Management System
Sustainable building design criteriaPrimary3,8%
Industry34,9%
Transport38,1%
Residential12,8%
Service14,2%
final energy consumption in 2003 in Catalonia: 15,2 millions tep
4. Use of natural resources,
including rainwater harvesting and grey water reuse, RES.
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Police Station, Tarragona Micro-trigeneration
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Catalan Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona
Aquifer ground water cooling – open loop
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
60 social housing apartments, Tossa de Mar Geothermal heat pump – closed loop
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
96 social housing apartments, Barcelona District energy
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
96 social housing apartments, Barcelona
• Urban solid waste incineration, (vapour 30 t/h)
• Gas boiler backup (vapour 30 t/h)
• Vapour/water heat exchangers (4x 5,000kW)
• Absorption chillers (4x 4,500 kW)
• Sea water heat exchangers (4x 12,000 kW)
• Compression chillers (3x 4,000 kW)
• Cold water storage tank (5,000 m3)
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Installation scheme, District energy network Barcelona
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Absorption chiller, District energy network Barcelona
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
District energy network Barcelona
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
0
20.000
40.000
60.000
80.000
100.000
120.000
140.000
160.000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Año
kW
Potencia calor kW Potencia frio kW
District energy network Barcelona, installed capacity 2004 - 2011
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Reduction in energy consumption compared to conventional individual solutions: 51%
72%
5%
23%
Vapor TERSA Gas Electricidad
82%
18%
Vapor TERSA Gas
Heat, 2010
Cold, 2010
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Study of the possibilities of reduction of CO2-emissions and its application to a 60 apartment social housing project at
Tossa de Mar, Costa Brava, Catalonia
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Study of the possibilities of reduction of CO2-emissions and its application to a 60 apartment social housing project at
Tossa de Mar, Costa Brava, Catalonia
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Sabaté Associats Balmes 439 1r 1ª T +34 932 531 269 e-mail: [email protected]
Arquitectura i sostenibilitat 08022 Barcelona F +34 932 531 646 web: www.saas.cat
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Methodology: analysis of the overall energy consumption and associated emissions over an expected 50 year building’s lifecycle
• Reference building that fulfils minimum requirements of the actual Spanish and Catalan building regulations (CTE / DEE)
• Project building with reduced CO2 emissions
• respecting two premises:
• to focus on building technologies well known regionally
• not to exceed the overall construction costs by more than 5% compared to a conventional new building in Catalonia
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Methodology: Evaluation of the overall performance of the buildings during a life-cycle of 50 years:
• Production and transport of materials
• Construction process
• Operation of the building
• Deconstruction process
• Reuse and recycling
•
Source image: Sieglinde Fuller
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Sabaté Associats Balmes 439 1r 1ª T +34 932 531 269 e-mail: [email protected]
Arquitectura i sostenibilitat 08022 Barcelona F +34 932 531 646 web: www.saas.cat
Example façades - Cost, weight, embodied energy, associated emissions
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Example roofs - Analysis of 8 alternative systems: Cost, weight, embodied energy, associated emissions
For each kind of roof the necessary isolation was used to achieve similar thermal transmittances (U-value between 0,23 and 0,30 W/m2·K).
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
CO2 emissions:
15,30 kg CO2/ m2
High energy efficient retrofitting
Reduction %:
74 %
Reduction of thermal transmittance, façades and roofs U < 0,3 W/m2K, windows U < 1,7 W/m2K Reduction of heat bridges
Improvement of solar protection
Incorporation of RES: photovoltaic, biomass, biogas, etc.
Highly energy efficient HVAC systems
5,1
22,6
2,0
2,3
2,3
2,5
2,50,4
0,0
0,0
4,5
22,5
1,4
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
Actu
al
reha
bilita
ció
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
5,11,5 1,5
22,6 22,6
16,0
4,1 4,12,0
22,5
16,3
4,5
3,8 1,64,5
2,3
2,32,32,5
5,1 5,1
2,3
0,7
2,3
2,0
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
0,40,4
0,4
0,4
1,4
1,4
-4,7
-10,0
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
kg C
O2
/m2
Producció
Il·luminació
Electrodomèstics
Cuina
Climatització + ACS
E. Incorporada habitatge
E. Incorporada aparcament
400
500
600
700
800
Eu
ros
/ m
2
Cost
Act
ua
l ho
usi
ng
sto
ck
Ho
usin
ga
cco
rdin
gto
re-
cen
tle
gis
latio
nC
TE
i D
EE
En
erg
ye
ffici
en
tho
usin
g
Ve
rye
ne
rgy
effi
cie
nt
ho
usin
gw
ithlo
we
mb
odi
ed
ene
rgy
Ho
usin
gw
ithin
corp
ora
tion
of
en
erg
yp
rod
uct
ion
Re
hab
ilita
tion
with
en
erg
ye
ffici
en
cycr
iteri
a
kgC
O2
/ m2 ·
a
Production
Lighting
Electric appliances
Cooking
HVAC and DHW
Embodied energy housing
Embodied energy parking 5,1
1,5 1,5
22,6 22,6
16,0
4,1 4,12,0
22,5
16,3
4,5
3,8 1,64,5
2,3
2,32,32,5
5,1 5,1
2,3
0,7
2,3
2,0
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
0,40,4
0,4
0,4
1,4
1,4
-4,7
-10,0
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
kg C
O2
/m2
Producció
Il·luminació
Electrodomèstics
Cuina
Climatització + ACS
E. Incorporada habitatge
E. Incorporada aparcament
400
500
600
700
800
Eu
ros
/ m
2
Cost
Act
ua
l ho
usi
ng
sto
ck
Ho
usin
ga
cco
rdin
gto
re-
cen
tle
gis
latio
nC
TE
i D
EE
En
erg
ye
ffici
en
tho
usin
g
Ve
rye
ne
rgy
effi
cie
nt
ho
usin
gw
ithlo
we
mb
odi
ed
ene
rgy
Ho
usin
gw
ithin
corp
ora
tion
of
en
erg
yp
rod
uct
ion
Re
hab
ilita
tion
with
en
erg
ye
ffici
en
cycr
iteri
a
kgC
O2
/ m2 ·
a
Production
Lighting
Electric appliances
Cooking
HVAC and DHW
Embodied energy housing
Embodied energy parking
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Conclusions
A 50% reduction of CO2-emissions in social housing is absolutely feasible, using in Catalonia well established technology and with an additional cost of less than 5%
The life-cycle analysis is a necessary methodology to check the overall emissions of buildings as the embodied energy and CO2-emissions of materials are of significant importance
Any further effort for reduction of CO2-emissions in buildings must therefore consider lighter constructions and materials of less environmental impact.
90% reduction of CO2-emissions incorporating high efficiency equipment and use of renewable energies for thermal demand and electricity generation
To advance in this direction and increase sustainability in the housing sector it is necessary to widen existing building design concepts, technologies and administrative and legal approaches.
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ARCHITECTURE - TOWARDS A 90% CO2 REDUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS
Balmes 439, 1r 1a
E 08022 Barcelona
T +34 932 531 269
F +34 932 531 646
www.saas.cat
Federico Pesl and Neus Ayza
Christoph Peters
Ana Moreno
Miquel Angel Sala, BOMA
Oriol Vidal
Susana Kamiya
architects in charge
responsible research
budget control
structures
installations
landscape
SaAS
Joan Sabaté and Horacio Espeche
60 apartment social housing project
authors
SaAS, SO
Joan Sabaté, Albert Cuchí
Jordina Vidal, Sergi Cantos, Fabian López and M. Á. Pascual