Sustainable skill development

PlenarySession1:SustainableSkillDevelopment

[email protected]

Sustainable

• Abilityorcapacityofsomethingtobemaintainedortosustain itself.• Shouldbeabletocontinueforever.• Enduranceofsystems andprocesses.

Sustainable

• Work-relatedcapabilitiesofpeopletoperformajobsuccessfully.• Capacitytodosomethingwell;technique,abilitySkill

Core Work Related Skills

Source: World Economic Forum 2016, based on O’NET Content Model

Four Blocks for Sustainable Skill Development

Infrastructure Delivery

Policy Funding

• Institutional Mechanisms, Trainers, Equipment, Workshops, Class rooms, Assessment, Curriculum, Content, LMIS

• Skill Development, Education• Govt: Centre, State• Industry, Employer

• Mechanisms: ILT, Blended, MOOCs, Apprenticeship

• Formal: School, ITI, Polytechnic, College/Univ

• Government, Industry, Student, CSR

Sustainable Skill DevelopmentKey Aspects


Policy Funding

Skillsaremulti-layered•Generic&Domainspecific• Simple tasks,complextasks,supervisory tasks•Operational&Design• Stable&Unstable

Changingworkenvironments andflexibleworkingarrangements

Disruptivebusinessmodels• Jobcreation,jobdisplacement, newskill gaps

Continueddemographicchanges• Longevity&ageingsocieties, youngpopulation

Developments inpreviouslydis-jointed fields•AIandmachinelearning,robotics, nanotechnology, 3Dprintingandgeneticsandbiotechnology, bigdataandanalytics

Needforcontinuous re-skilling&up-skilling•Samedomain, newdomain,multipledomains, newtechnology

Sustainable Skill DevelopmentPolicy


Policy Funding

Central Government• Formation of Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship• National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship

(2015)• Education Policy (1986) *• National Skills Qualifications Framework (2013)• The Apprenticeship (Amendment) Act (2014)

State Government• State Skill Missions• Convergence of multiple skill schemes• Convergence of Skill, Employment (Labour) and

Entrepreneurship departments #

* New Education Policy in drafting stage# In some states (e.g. Telangana, Rajasthan)

National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship -2015

110 Mn additional skilled manpower required across 24 key sectors by 2022

25% high schools to integrate skilling with formal education over next 5 years.

3-tier structure for Skill Development Mission

Key Paradigms

• Aspiration & advocacy, Capacity, Quality, Synergy, Mobilization & Engagement, Promotion of skilling among women, Global Partnerships, Outreach, ICT enablement, Trainers & Assessors, Inclusivity

Sustainable Skill DevelopmentFunding


Policy Funding

Central Government• PMKVY• Schemes of Individual Ministries (~20)• Central Scheme for vocationalisation in class 9-12• UGC scheme of Community Colleges, B.Voc., DDU-

KAUSHAL

Industry / Employer• Internal Training Departments• Sponsored Training

CSR / Philanthropy

Student• Self-Funded

Sustainable Skill DevelopmentInfrastructure


Policy Funding

Institutions• MSDE, NSDA, NSDC, Sector Skill Councils, State Skill

Missions• UGC, AICTE, Universities, Colleges, Polytechnics• School Education Boards, NCERT, PSSCIVE, • ITIs , NCVT, SCVT, • Board of Apprenticeship Training• Vocational Training providers

Standards, Curriculum, Content

Labour Management Information System

Teachers / Trainers

Sustainable Skill Development Delivery


Policy Funding

Governance Structures

Technology

Delivery Mechanisms

Industry Interface, Internships, projects

Teacher / Trainer

Workshops / Equipment

Assessment, Evaluation and Certification

Student Placement

Sustainable Skill DevelopmentKey Imperatives


Policy Funding

• Demand driven – Workforce planning

• Three layered planning and implementation:– National – For national & global requirements– State– District

• Reforms of Primary School System– Cognitive Abilities and Basic Skills development

• Curricula reforms– Applied learning focus– Inter-disciplinary

Thank You

Weaknesses in existing Vocational Education System

Mismatch between demand and supply

Weak Industry and Job Linkages

Out-dated courses and inadequate curriculum

Lack of practical orientation and apprenticeship

Stigma/ Lack of Motivation

Financial constraints

Dead End – Certificates and Diplomas

Aspirational links to Higher Education and better jobs unfulfilled

Education Profile of India’s Population (15+ age group)

Source:GlobalDemographics,Macquarie,September2015

• India’s workforce is much less educated than its peers.• Impacts productivity and propensity to be employed.

College and High School Graduates Ill-Equipped for Industry

Skilling needs to align with the Economic Growth

• Mostofvocational education focusedonManufacturing industry• 58%ofIndia’sGDPnowcomesfromServicesSector

2007-2012 Journey – National Skills Mission 2009

National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) set up in 2010.•51% private sector and 49% public

National Skill Development Fund (NSDF)•Primarily funded from General Tax Revenues

Target to skill 500 Mn during 2010-2022

Main growth in Skilling Capacity•Increasing private sector ITIs.•~250 Private VTPs – Financed by NSDC•Skilled about 3.3 Mn people till Mar’15

Release of National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) in 2012•National Occupational Standards released for ~1300 Job Roles•Skill Training being aligned to NSQF – Work in Progress

37 Sector Skill Councils set up (Industry bodies, NSDC facilitated)•Create National Occupational Standards•Set up Assessment and Certification ecosystem

Mainstreaming skills for Employment

ITIProgram

Year1

NSQFDiploma

Class12Pass

Year2

NSQFAdv.Dip.

Year3

HighSchoolIX|X|XI|XII

IndustryEmployment

NSQF L2 L3 L4

SchoolProgram CommunityCollegeProgram

L1NSQFB.Voc.

NationalSkillsQualificationsFramework

India’s Demographic AdvantageChange in working age population (2025 less 2015)

• India will account for 20% world’s working age population• Only 7% of India’s population has vocational education.

Source:GlobalDemographics,Macquarie,September2015

Key Drivers

• Energy Sector• New energy supplies and

technologies• Climate change, natural

resources• Changing nature of work,

flexible work• Geopolitical volatility

technological trends whose potentially far-ranging implications have not yet fully materialized—such as 3D printing, artificial intelligence

• Infrastructure Sector• Climate change, natural

resources• Changing nature of work,

flexible work• New energy supplies and

technologies• Geopolitical volatility

Timeframes to impact industries, business models

Sustainable Skill DevelopmentKey Aspects

• Biggest drivers of employment creation – demographic and socio-economic in nature– Rapid urbanisation

• Biggest threat to employment & Job creation– increasing geopolitical volatility

• Job Creation opportunities– Big Data analytics, mobile internet, the Internet of Things and robotics.

• Global Employement Projections– Strong Growth: Architecture, Engineering, Cmputer, Mathematical job families– Moderate decline: Manufacturing and Production roles– Significant decline: Office and Administrative roles. – Flat: Business and Financial Operations, Sales and Related and Construction and Extraction

• Significant variations to above in different regions / countries