Sustainable renovation (urban issue) Assoc Prof Dr Dalia Bardauskienė, 2014.

Sustainable renovation (urban issue)

Assoc Prof Dr Dalia Bardauskienė , 2014

The question of sustainable urban renovation

1. Very often renovation is dealing with enhancement of physical , energy and financial issues of the building.

2. Sustainable renovation is a system of measures for improvement the quality of life and livability of the cities.

Sustainable urbanrenovation ( buildings + urban

surroundings = livable city)The quality of urban

surrounding:• Green areas • Public spaces• Children play grounds• Socio infrastructure• Noise pollution prevention• Refuse storage • Parking• Connection to the public

transport, • etc.

)

Livability of the cities:• Renovation of districts• Integrated complex

solutions,• Planning priorities • People values• Adding property values,• Creativity

Question of brown or green field development

Brown field ?

Green field?

“A stable marriage between city and country” (Mumford,L., 1961)

From the XIX century the cities are widening their dormitory areas, decentralizing their functions, taking people outside the cities to the green areas:

• Garden cities (E.Howard 1989) • Modern cities (Radiant city, Le

Corbuzier), • New Towns (UK, France, US, Brazil,

China, India, Elektrėnai (Lithuania), kt. • INTA

Urban sprawl to the green field

Urban sprawl or suburban sprawl is a multifaceted concept centered around the expansion of auto-oriented, low-density development.

Criteria's: history, culture, traditions, market, other

Brown field development is not popular as green…

The term "Brownfield site" means the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of property, which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant, effective use of devastated sites in the inner urban areas, re-use of urban land and infrastructure.

Urban sprawl in green field is still popular, because allowed to avoid the burdens and limitations what have all the projects developed in the cities

THE COSTS OF suburban DEVELOPMENT ?

Hidden subsidies for 1 dwelling in Greenfield development reaches 25 000 US dol. (Lockwood, C. (1999), HUD (1999))

Brownfield development allow to save: 20 - 40% land resources 15 - 25% need of traffic and social infrastructure7 – 15% need of water sources and cleaning plants

Vilnius brownfield potential 500 ha

In the centre 10 ha

THE COSTS OF suburban DEVELOPMENT

Sustainable urban models (Global Eco cities survey 2011)

• Sustainable city• Eco-city,• Green city,• Smart city, • Slim city, • Compact city, • Zero energy city,• Low carbon city,• Etc.

Criteria's: •the max use of sun energy,•O energy use •40% of green areas (if not possible to use the green roof)• the use of local materials•priority for public transport•harmony of people and nature, not for the new technologies.

“The European Green Capital Award ”Copenhagen - green sustainable

city• Till 2015 - World Capital of

Bicycles ( 50 % citizens will use the bycicle for the every day communication (in 2010 - 35 %),

• Till 2025 - CO2 neutral city (75% CO2 reduction would be reached by using in the centrakized heating system renewable energy

• Priority - natural and cultural heritage protection.

Urban intensification (Canada)

Re - naturalization(Canada)

Trend: to focus on natural environment as part of all the projects, especially in the case of brown field development. lauko “ atveju ir ją atkurti.

Economical value: the growth of of the real estate value objects, prestis,

Socio cultural values:Connection with natural

landscape, the aesthetic of the areas gyventojai gauna sąlytį su gamta, vietos meniškumas.

The model of Lower Don re-naturalizacion project, 2006m.

Green standards (Canada)

• LEED• Toronto city has specific

“Green development standard”. Every one who wont to get a permission needs to follow the requirements

• http://www.toronto.ca/planning/environment/greendevelopment.htm.

Following standard "Transolar“ (Germany) organization and Frank Gehry implementing a skyscrapers http://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/art-and-architecture/king-street-vision-what-makes-frank-gehry-great/article4591861

Stuttgart (Germany) Green Roofs In Stuttgart, Green Roofs have

been regulated in development plans.

Till 2008:• 12 ha green roofs are

established on the living houses,

• 220 ha green roofs on the industrial building, garages.

In order to make Green Roofshappen the administrationand the city council acted in

concert. Agreed onthe ecological and economic

benefits of green roofs. Stuttgart - 600 000 citizens

Impact of commercial technologies A lot of new, sophisticated

technologies are used in the cities, but by 2050 :

• we will need three times more resources – 140 billion tons annually

• 60% of our ecosystems underpinning these resources are degraded.

• And without efficiency gains, by 2030, we will need 40% more water than we can access.

“Full tanks, empty stomachs”Eco fuel is using to much water

which is necessary for the agriculture.

'Towards Efficient use of water resources in Europe' from the European Environment Agency (EEA) Mar 29, 2012

Eko city Tianjin (Kinija). Commercial technologies used for the city are very expensive.

Aesthetics and identity of the place are cosmopolitic

Urban Renovation Vilnius case

Master planning and Urban sprawl

Total area : 410 sq km; Planned new areas for the construction – 3000 ha,Live - 530 000 citizensPlanned - 570 000 citizens, could live - 1 132 000

Urban trends

RYGA

VILNIUS

40,80

68,6

47,4

23,530,930,2

13,78,3 6 2,1 1 1,6 2,8 1,4 0,5 0,1

0,00

50,00

100,00

150,00

200,00

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15Atstumas nuo miesto centro (km)

gyve

ntoi

ų/ha

Problemos: Funkcinės ir fizinės struktūros efektyvumas

Economical issue – low density and dispers structure

Minimal density of urban structures 30 gyv./ha