Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism The Destination Management The Destination Management Approach Approach The Arusha Round Table on Responsible Tourism Partnerships - 3June 2010 Birgit Steck Senior Tourism Advisor Dar es Salaam, Tanzania [email protected]
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Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism The Destination Management Approach The Arusha Round Table on Responsible Tourism Partnerships - 3June 2010 Birgit Steck Senior.
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Sustainable Pro Poor TourismSustainable Pro Poor TourismThe Destination Management The Destination Management Approach Approach
The Arusha Round
Table
on Responsible
Tourism Partnerships -
3June 2010Birgit SteckSenior Tourism AdvisorDar es Salaam, [email protected]
The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 2
• SNV SPPT is active in 10 African countries, in 23 destinations• 33 experienced tourism advisors working on the ground• About 90 program initiatives to make tourism work for the poor • Pro poor income at destinations shall increase from 10 to 15 %
SNV‘s starting point in TanzaniaSNV‘s starting point in Tanzania
The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 4
TanzaniaTanzania5
25
,00
0
665,
115
57
5,2
96
730,
000
57
6,1
98
731,
000
58
2,8
07
746,
000
61
2,7
54
823,
050
64
4,1
24
950,
000
71
9,0
31
1,19
8,76
0.00
77
0,3
76
1,26
9,68
0.00
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Tourist Arrivals
Receipts in US$(x 1000)
Tourist arrivals and receipts
Comparing tourism Comparing tourism revenue torevenue tothe poor in different the poor in different destinationsdestinations
ITC/ODI, 2009SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
SPPT PrinciplesSPPT Principles• Any kind of tourism can benefit the poor.Any kind of tourism can benefit the poor.
• Tourism is a driver for local developmentTourism is a driver for local development..
• Strengthen the performance of the overall Strengthen the performance of the overall tourism sector at national and destination-tourism sector at national and destination-level level (increasing the overall size of the (increasing the overall size of the tourism cake). tourism cake).
• Increase opportunities for the poor to benefit Increase opportunities for the poor to benefit (more) from tourism by enhancing linkages (more) from tourism by enhancing linkages into the local economy into the local economy (increasing the slice of (increasing the slice of the tourist cake for the poor).the tourist cake for the poor).
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
Increasing the tourism cakeIncreasing the tourism cake
90
10
Tourismrevenue
90
10
Tourismrevenue
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
Increasing the slice for the poorIncreasing the slice for the poor
30
70
Income forthe Poor
90
10
Tourismrevenue
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
SNV –Tanzania: SNV –Tanzania: programmatic areas in SPPTprogrammatic areas in SPPT
• Work at national and destination levelWork at national and destination level• Adopt two complementary approaches:Adopt two complementary approaches:
--Destination Management (DMA) and --Destination Management (DMA) and
--Value Chain Analysis & Development (VCA/D)--Value Chain Analysis & Development (VCA/D)• 5 programmatic areas:5 programmatic areas:
-----DMA Serengeti-----DMA Serengeti
-----DMA Tanga-Pangani-----DMA Tanga-Pangani
-----DMA Zanzibar -----DMA Zanzibar
-----Tanzania Cultural Tourism Program and -----Tanzania Cultural Tourism Program and
-----Policy Dialogue for enabling the SPPT environment -----Policy Dialogue for enabling the SPPT environment
The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 10
Zanzibar Tourism Value Chain AnalysisZanzibar Tourism Value Chain Analysis
TOURISM: TOURISM:
MORE VALUE MORE VALUE
FOR ZANZIBARFOR ZANZIBAR
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
• To measure the financial To measure the financial flows from the tourism flows from the tourism industry accruing to the industry accruing to the poor’ in Zanzibarpoor’ in Zanzibar
• To suggest and prioritise To suggest and prioritise interventions based on this interventions based on this analysisanalysis
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain AnalysisTOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
OBJECTIVES
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
• Measures where tourism revenue is Measures where tourism revenue is flowing throughout the tourism industryflowing throughout the tourism industry
• Measures the direct financial impacts on Measures the direct financial impacts on ‘the poor’ who are defined prior to the ‘the poor’ who are defined prior to the research:research:
• Analyses the barriers for the ‘poor’ in Analyses the barriers for the ‘poor’ in engaging in earning tourism revenueengaging in earning tourism revenue
• Suggests interventions based on the Suggests interventions based on the financial and logistical analysisfinancial and logistical analysis
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain AnalysisTOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
METHODOLOGYTourism Value Chain Analysis in Zanzibar:
(PPI - Pro Poor Income)
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain AnalysisTOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
MAP OF TOURISM SECTORSFOR THE ACTUAL ANALYSIS
Services
• Hotel outlets and high end businesses• Micro enterprises and
the informal sector• Internet Cafés• Provision Stores
Accommo-dation
Providers
Food and Beverage
Operations
Tours and excursions
Retail -discretionary out of pocket
spending
• Number and Type• Costs, Turnover, Profitability• Employees• Government • Revenues
• Independent Restaurants• Restaurants in Coastal Areas• Street Vendors• Linkages to the Food and Beverage Sector
• Hotel shops and high end busin.• Employment• Micro enterprises and the informal sector• Souvenir shops• Painters• Clothes and material shops• Wood carvers
Non-tourism, but related sectors
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGSSUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS
• The total revenue for all sectors under The total revenue for all sectors under analysis is 172 million US$analysis is 172 million US$
• The total pro poor income from direct The total pro poor income from direct linkages to tourism in Zanzibar is 10 %linkages to tourism in Zanzibar is 10 %
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
ServicesAccommo-
dation Providers
Food and Beverage
Operations
Tours and excursions
Retail -discretionary out of pocket
spending
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
Retail3.7%
Accomm. & Hotel Meals
88.4%
Tours & Excursions
3.0%
Services / other0.5%
Restaurants 4.4%
BBreakdown of Revenue by Sector and reakdown of Revenue by Sector and PPIPPI
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
Pro-Poor Contribution
7.3 % PPI
? % PPI
18.8 % PPI27 % PPI
47 % PPI
US$ 172 million
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS Breakdown of Revenue by Sector and Pro-Poor ContributionBreakdown of Revenue by Sector and Pro-Poor Contribution
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
152 million152 million 7.5 million7.5 million 6.3 million6.3 million 5.2 million5.2 million 0.8 million0.8 million
% Total % Total RevenueRevenue
88.488.4 4.44.4 3.73.7 3.03.0 0.50.5
% Pro-Poor % Pro-Poor BenefitBenefit
7.37.3 4747 2727 18.818.8 Not KnownNot Known
Net Pro-poor Net Pro-poor benefitbenefit
6.5 %6.5 %11.2 million11.2 million
2.1 %2.1 %3.6 million3.6 million
1.0 %1.0 %1.7 million1.7 million
0.6 %0.6 %1.0 million1.0 million
MinimalMinimal
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
1. High proportion of tourism revenue is directed through the hotel sector – low PPI
2. High-end hotels appear to give higher PPI per tourist
3. Small individual restaurant sector – high PPI
4. Less spent in tours and excursions than on retail– suggests an under-usage of cultural tourism resources
5. SMES retail sector dominated by non-Zanzibaris through access to supplies for prominent products and prominent locations.
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis Way forward
6. Informal sector is significant: formalisation in some cases will improve revenue and customer experience, in others will reduce profitability through tax.
7. Agricultural linkages hindered by variety, quality and high seasonality of produce.
8. Only more wealthy fishers can engage with tourism but face lack of current market information and high perishability.
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
INTERVENTIONS:INTERVENTIONS:
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
Awareness raising on SPPT
1. Employment
2. Linkages
3. SME development
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
Way forward in Zanzibar DMA:Way forward in Zanzibar DMA:
Co-ordinate in interventions by different Co-ordinate in interventions by different
development partners and local development partners and local
stakeholdersstakeholders
TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis
• “Anchor” SPPT approach in MKUZA update, tourism as lead sector
• All relevant the stakeholders in the government involved and plan for MKUZA implementation workshop
1. - Continue hospitality training for Zanzibaris - Work towards a Train the Trainers Program
1. Strengthen agricultural linkages and others
2. Analyse SMEs and market for their products
SPPT - The Destination Management ApproachSPPT - The Destination Management Approach
Responsible Tourism Certification Responsible Tourism Certification SchemeSchemeand the SPPT Contextand the SPPT Context• Within a destination, a common vision needs to be Within a destination, a common vision needs to be
developed among all stakeholders as a basis for a developed among all stakeholders as a basis for a
Where do we want to be in (X) years time?Where do we want to be in (X) years time?• Ensure the commitment of all stakeholdersEnsure the commitment of all stakeholders• Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism does not necessarily Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism does not necessarily
need a Certification Scheme, can be a useful tool.need a Certification Scheme, can be a useful tool.• Important to understand Responsible Tourism Important to understand Responsible Tourism
CriteriaCriteria• Certification should be started and implemented by Certification should be started and implemented by