Sustainable Consumption and Production Policy and Waste Management: Case of Thailand

Sustainable Consumption and Production

Policy and Waste Management: Case of

Thailand

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Alice Sharp

Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology

Thammasat University

[email protected]

Waste generation and waste management

6,636

SAOs*

17,369 T/d

Bangkok

8,780 T/d

1,277 Municipalities

14,915 T/d

(2008)

41,064 T/d

*SAOs = Sub-District Administrative Organizations

2

15.03 Million Tons Generated 100%

3.3 Million Tons

Actual Recycled 22% From recovery activities:

Garbage Banks,

Municipal Collectors,

junk shops

Recyclable

Potential 80%

12.63 million Tons

Improper

Disposed 63% Open Dump

Sites

Open Burning

Collected 84%

12.02 Million Tons

Sanitary

Disposed 37% 98 Operated Sites * 93 Landfills * 2 Incinerators * 3 Integrated SW 22 Under construction

Situation of Solid Waste Management in

Thailand

3 Source : Pollution Control Department http://infofile.pcd.go.th/mgt/Overview_waste.pdf?CFID=6073453&CFTOKEN=56977045

Waste Utilization Million Ton

Waste utilization Waste Generation

Compost/

Biogas

15%

Recyclable

materials

82%

Electricity/

renewable energy

generation 3%

Waste Utilization

4 Source : Pollution Control Department http://infofile.pcd.go.th/mgt/Overview_waste.pdf?CFID=6073453&CFTOKEN=56977045

Sustainable Consumption and Production

and Solid Waste

Natural Resources

Production

Consumption Waste

Generation

Waste Management

4

National Waste Management Policy

Internal factors • social & economic development • Government policy • Awareness in resource and energy conservation • pollution situation

External factors • international agreement • trade and environment • international standard • Global environmental issues

National Waste Management Policy

Participation of stakeholders

Integrated technology

Clustering Promoting

3Rs

6

Policy Frameworks

1 Applying 3Rs for achieving waste reduction &

utilization;

2 Promoting the integrated waste management

system to reduce the landfill areas, increase waste

utilization, and generate the renewable energy;

3 Encouraging the cooperation of adjacent Local

Governments for establishment of waste management facility;

4 Endorsing public and private sectors to participate in

waste management project.

7

Applying 3Rs for achieving waste reduction & utilization

8

Green Design

Product Labeling

Green procurement

Phitsanulok – Waste Management Initiatives

RDF

Power Generator

MSW

Organic Wastes

Anaerobic Digestion Tank #

1

Anaerobic Digestion Tank #

2

Sludge dryer

Reusable water Wastewater treatment (Aerated largoon)

Composting system Compost

Water Separator

Manual sorter

Metal sorter

Small size organic waste Light weight (Plastics)

Biogas

Landfill (sand/gravel)

Landfill (sand/gravel)

Metal

Mechanical sorter

Bag Opener

Homogenizer

Recyclable

Nakhon Ratchasima - Waste Treatment System

180 T/d

50 T/d

8 T/d

21 T/d

800 kW

Gasification หรือ เตาเผาผลิตพลังงาน

10

Alternative Energy Development Plan 10 Year

Development Towards

Low Carbon Society

R&D Budget Investment from

private sector

Solar Wind Bio-energy Bio-Fuel

Waste

New forms of Energy Hydro power

Target for renewable energy = 25% in 2021

Barrel

Renewable energy

in 2011 = 8.98%

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Waste>100 T/d 25 municipalities

(100-170=20 muni. 200-300 =5 muni. )

Total 3,791 T/d

Waste 50-100 T/d

37 municipalities

Total 2,488 T/d

Waste 10-50 T/d

177 municipalities

Total 3,794 T/d

Waste 5-10 T/d

267 municipalities

Total 1,839 T/d

Waste<5 T/d

639 municipalities

Total 1,692 T/d

Waste Quantity

35 MW

75 MW

25 MW

25 MW

160 MW from waste

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Keys to success

Technical and financial support

Maximized source separation and recycle

Good management and proper

incentives

Proper regulations and guidelines

Private endorsement

Thank you

[email protected]