Sustainability quantified EU and Dutch Waste Management & Recycling Technology and what it can do for Brasil Erik de Baedts International Solid Waste Association (ISWA) Municipal Waste Europe (MWE) Royal Dutch Waste Management Association (NVRD) June 2012
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Sustainability quantifiedEU and Dutch Waste Management & Recycling Technology
and what it can do for Brasil
Erik de BaedtsInternational Solid Waste Association (ISWA)
Municipal Waste Europe (MWE)Royal Dutch Waste Management Association (NVRD)
June 2012
AGENDA
Sustainability and relevance of waste management
Green economic development and the role of waste management
Waste management and recycling best practices in Europe
Impact of waste management quantified, the Dutch example
Impact of technology in reach for emerging economies like Brasil
2
Global situationProduction, consumption and…
Global situationProduction, consumption and… waste!
The end of our current production process…90% landfilling in Brasil, no better in Asia & Africa
Motor of the green economy, with cross-cutting impact
Beeld Radertjes invoegen.
10
Relevance Waste & Recycling
Chain Management
Changing the dynamics
through WASTE
Recycling society and economyincluding Producers Responsibility
waste
Consumer/ citizenProducer
RecyclingDisposal
Purchaseproducts
Reuse of resources
resource
EU Approach: The Waste Hierarchy
Instead of landfilling shift to sorting and recycling, organise sufficient but not too much waste to energy, then focus on prevention and reuse
bottom-up
14
CO2-impact
EU Approach: impact Waste Hierarchy
EU Municipal waste treatment, EU-27, (kg /capita), 1995-2009
EU Municipal waste treated in 2009 by country and treatment category, sorted by percentage, 2011
Waste treatment strategy by EU country groups, 2009
EU Development of municipal waste treatment, 1995 to 2009 by treatment groups and category, (% kg per capita)
Trends and outlook Municipal Waste Management Europe
19
Policy question: how does Europe as recycling society?
• Management of waste has improved
• Many countries are recycling and recovering more, but...
• More efforts are needed if the EU is to become a 'recycling society'.
• The majority of the waste (45 %) is still sent to landfill
• But an increasing amount is recycled (42 %) or incinerated (5 %).
• Municipal waste specifically landfilled 62 % (1995) down to > 38 % (2010)
• Frontrunners in NW-Europe
• Working to enhance demand for recycled materials
20
Material use increasing in Europe, but less than GDP
21
Recycling's current and potential contribution to meeting EU demand for various materials, 2006
Total turnover of recycling of seven key recyclables in the EU
2004 and 2006–2009
People employed in recycling activities in the EU per million inhabitants: the business Overall employment related to materials recovery in Europe
increased from 422 inhabitants per million in 2000 to 611 in 2007, increase of 45 %.
24
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Recycling
Wholesale of wasteand scraps
Total
The Example of Europe for the planetPotential for scaling up
What the EU has done:– Regulation & investment in waste management– Prevention, minimization, reuse, recycling
and energy recovery activities leading to reductions in use of landfills.
Significant GHG reduction potential: – Municipal waste sector will be a net GHG
reducer in 2012-2020.– Waste-related GHG emissions declined from 69 to 32 million tonnes of CO2 from 1990-2007– EU is able to meet 18% of its Kyoto Protocol
target through the waste management sector.
This can be replicated worldwide:– UNEP (2010) on Waste and Climate Change:– … the waste sector is in a unique position
to move from being a minor source of global emissions to becoming a major saver of emissions.
Trends and projections of GHG emissions from management of municipal waste in the European Union
Quantification approach CO2-impact
Qualified Researcher (IPCC-laureate professor)
Scientific perfomance figures
Up to date review of figures
Sounding board with sectoral expertise to assess assumptions made
National waste figures, based on energy impact => CO2 -impact
For municipal household waste, bulky waste
and construction & demolition waste
Results waste & recycling for climate
CO2 Emissions to Atmosphere
CO2 from energy
CO2 from feedstock (fossil fuels, limestone)
Cement, limeAmmoniaPlastics
CO2 from waste treatment (fossil and biomass) Courtesy Prof. E. Worrell
Anaerobic DigestionIncineration
Extraction
Naturalresources
Waste
ConsumptionProcessingMaterials
ProductionWaste
Management
Recycling and reuse
“Under the bonnet”
Results waste & recycling for climate
Recycling reduces emissions NL by 2 million t CO2/yr
Dutch results recycling & climate
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Recycling+ Incineration+ Succesful current policy
CO2
emis
sion
sav
ings
aga
inst
200
8 re
fere
nce
scen
ario
(kto
nne
CO2/
year
)
Roof waste
Mineral materials
Wood
Cardboard drinking packages
Polyvinylchloride
PET
Polystyrene
Polypropylene
Polyethylene
Organic wastes
Copper
Aluminum
Steel
Textiles
Glass
Paper and board
.. And leads to annual energy savings of 20 PJ
Dutch results in recycling & climate
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Recycling+ Incineration+ Succesful current policy
Ener
gy s
avin
gs a
gain
st 2
008
refe
renc
e sc
enar
io
(PJ/
year
)
Roof waste
Mineral materials
Wood
Cardboard drinking packages
Polyvinylchloride
PET
Polystyrene
Polypropylene
Polyethylene
Organic wastes
Copper
Aluminum
Steel
Textiles
Glass
Paper and board
Summary scenario’s
32
Baseline Brazil 2030: no change with 2010 only growth of GDP
Brazilian Waste Law: draft goals on recycling and landfill gas
Brazil: Recycling+:
Maximum Recycling combined with Waste to Energy
The Netherlands: situation 2008
(Recycling combined with Waste to Energy)
Brasil: Waste & Recycling potential
Elements scenario’s
Collection:
– Baseline: little separation of recyclables
– Waste Law: two bin collection (wet – dry recyclables)
– Recycling+: two bin collection (wet – dry recyclables)
– NL: at source separation
Treatment:
– Baseline: little recycling, landfill / open dump
– Waste Law: recycling dry, composting of biowaste, rejects to landfill