School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln Sustainability and Groundwater Management in Western Nebraska Steve Sibray, Doug Hallum Conservation and Survey Division
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Sustainability and Groundwater
Management in Western Nebraska
Steve Sibray, Doug Hallum
Conservation and Survey Division
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Water issues are political
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Outline
• Sustainability and GW Management in Western Nebraska
– Groundwater Use
– Sustainability
– The High Plains System
• What we’ve learned
• Remaining questions
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Idea #1: Unlimited pumping
• Can we mine the aquifer dry?
– NO!
• Economic Limits
• Survival of the Deepest
• Recharge & Renewable
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Survival of the deepest
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Geology Provides the Framework
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Groundwater Decline (red) and Rise (blue)
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Idea #2: Pumping = Recharge
• Pumping < unlimited
• Water Budget / “Safe Yield”
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Pumpkin Creek
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Pumpkin Creek Irrigation Wells, 1975
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Pumpkin Creek Irrigation Wells, 1999
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Pumpkin Creek History
Natural Flow Rights - 1890’s
• Flow ~21,000 ac–ft/yr
• Closed to SW - 1979
• Closed to new Wells - 2001
• Groundwater Allocation 12”
Stream Flow (Banner-Morrill Line)
• 1939: 14 cfs
• 1976: 5.7 cfs
• 1999: dry
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Paradox of Safe Yield
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Water Budget Myth
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Documenting Stream/Groundwater
Interaction in the South Platte River
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
37/2
8
8/1
0
8/2
3
9/5
9/1
9
10/2
10
/15
10/2
8
11/1
0
11/2
3
12/7
12/2
0
1/2
1/1
5
1/2
8
2/1
0
2/2
4
3/9
Gro
undw
ate
r/S
tream
Gra
die
nt
(ft)
Big Springs Gradient Paxton Gradient North Platte Gradient
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Atmosphere
Surface Soils Surface Water
Saturated Zone
IN OUT
Gro
undw
ate
r P
um
pin
g
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Idea #3: Dynamic Equilibrium
ΔR = ΔD + ΔS - Qp
“Change in Recharge
equals
Change in Discharge plus Change in Storage minus
Pumping”
• As we approach equilibrium, storage change goes to zero
• Pumping will affect natural discharge 1:1
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Nebraska’s Water Budget (millions of acre-feet)
3.7
7.85.0
82.293.3
9.1
1.7
8.7
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Stream Discharge is Changing
Wen and Chen, 2006, Journal of Hydrology, v. 327
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Discharge Depletion Takes Time!
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Myth: Groundwater Management
• Groundwater and Surface Water are one resource
– Each affects the other
– The difference is timing
– Timing is specific to the region/local condition
• We should manage them together!
– In an integrated way
– Adapt as we learn
– Build consensus among (local) stakeholders
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Sustainability
What the heck is sustainability? Define it locally
– Of economic growth?
– Of crop production?
– Of rivers and wetlands?
– Of canal deliveries?
– Of industry?
– Of recreation?
Which of these is less important to the good life?
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Water is our Future, Not a Fight
http://www.gocomics.com/calvinandhobbes/1987/07/13
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Water Issues are Political
School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Thank You!
Doug Hallum
West Central Research and
Extension Center, North Platte
Steve Sibray
Panhandle Research and
Extension Center, Scottsbluff