Susan Cartwright IDM2000 ANTARES : vStatus u site evaluation u demonstrator u detector design vProspects u physics aims u neutralino detection status and.

Susan Cartwright IDM2000

ANTARESANTARES::

StatusStatus site evaluationsite evaluation demonstratordemonstrator detector designdetector design

ProspectsProspects physics aimsphysics aims neutralino neutralino

detectiondetection

status and status and prospectsprospects


ANTARESANTARES Collaboration Collaboration

FranceFrance CPPM MarseilleCPPM Marseille DSM/DAPNIA Saclay (CEA)DSM/DAPNIA Saclay (CEA) IReS StrasbourgIReS Strasbourg Universite d’Haute-Alsace Universite d’Haute-Alsace

MulhouseMulhouse Centre d’Oceanologie de Centre d’Oceanologie de

MarseilleMarseille Institut Francais de Institut Francais de

Recherche pour Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)(IFREMER)

INSU-CNRS/IGRAP ProvenceINSU-CNRS/IGRAP Provence

SpainSpain IFIC ValenciaIFIC Valencia

NetherlandsNetherlands NIKHEF AmsterdamNIKHEF Amsterdam

United KingdomUnited Kingdom University of BirminghamUniversity of Birmingham University of OxfordUniversity of Oxford University of SheffieldUniversity of Sheffield

RussiaRussia ITEP MoscowITEP Moscow

ItalyItaly Universita di BariUniversita di Bari Universita di BolognaUniversita di Bologna Universita di CataniaUniversita di Catania LNS-CataniaLNS-Catania Universita di RomaUniversita di Roma Universita di GenovaUniversita di Genova


PrinciplesPrinciples

neutrinos from • astrophysical sources• neutralino annihilation• cosmic ray interactions

detected and detected and reconstructed reconstructed via Cerenkov via Cerenkov radiation from radiation from produced produced muonmuon


SiteSite

30 km30 km off off ToulonToulon

Depth Depth 2400 m2400 m

sky coverage sky coverage 3.6π sr3.6π sroverlap with overlap with AMANDAAMANDA 0.6π sr0.6π sr


Site evaluationSite evaluation

uncorrelated on scales of uncorrelated on scales of ~20 m~20 m

Background ratesBackground rates

bioluminescencebioluminescence

4040KK

Biofouling and Biofouling and sedimentationsedimentationtransmission lossestransmission losses <1.5%/year<1.5%/year

Water transparency at 466 Water transparency at 466 nmnm

absorption length 60 mabsorption length 60 mscattering length >100 scattering length >100

mm


Demonstrator stringDemonstrator string

Part-instrumented line Part-instrumented line deployed November 1999 – deployed November 1999 – June 2000June 2000 deployment site 40 km from deployment site 40 km from

Marseille at 1100 mMarseille at 1100 m six 8”, one 10” hemispherical six 8”, one 10” hemispherical

phototubesphototubes also CTD, tiltmeters, acoustic also CTD, tiltmeters, acoustic

positioning system, etc.positioning system, etc. read out via 37 km electro-read out via 37 km electro-

optical cableoptical cable over 50000 7-fold coincidences over 50000 7-fold coincidences

(downgoing muons) recorded(downgoing muons) recorded


Demonstrator string Demonstrator string positioningpositioning

2 cm

compass data indicate no twist, compass data indicate no twist, heading stable to 2° over 1 weekheading stable to 2° over 1 week

tiltmeter shows tilt stable to 0.2°tiltmeter shows tilt stable to 0.2° straight string inclined at 2.5° to straight string inclined at 2.5° to

verticalvertical Rangemeter–transponder Rangemeter–transponder

distances have distances have typically typically 5 cm or less5 cm or less

12 distances,12 distances,global fit comparedglobal fit comparedto tiltmeter datato tiltmeter data


Demonstrator string eventsDemonstrator string events

hyperbolic hyperbolic fitfit

hits tagged hits tagged as as 4040K by K by reconstruction reconstruction softwaresoftware

c x timec x time

heig

ht

above s

eafloor

heig

ht

above s

eafloor


Demonstrator string resultsDemonstrator string results

angular distribution of observed tracks angular distribution of observed tracks in good agreement with MCin good agreement with MC

timing residuals small and consistent timing residuals small and consistent with MCwith MC

± 5 ns


Detector designDetector design

Optical Modules

Electronics Container

Calibration Beacon

Hydrophone

Umbilical Cable

450 m

450 m

12 m12 m

Junction Junction BoxBox

power power in, in, signal signal out via out via 40 km 40 km cablecable

13 strings, 30 storeys/string, 3 OM/storey;13 strings, 30 storeys/string, 3 OM/storey;first 100 m uninstrumentedfirst 100 m uninstrumented

60 m60 m


Angular resolutionAngular resolution

~0.4° at high energies ~0.4° at high energies dominated by intrinsic muon/neutrino angle at low dominated by intrinsic muon/neutrino angle at low

energiesenergies


Energy resolutionEnergy resolution

muon energy estimated at high energy by catastrophic muon energy estimated at high energy by catastrophic energy loss (resolution ~factor 3 above 1 TeV)energy loss (resolution ~factor 3 above 1 TeV)

at low energy (< 100 GeV) use muon range in contained at low energy (< 100 GeV) use muon range in contained eventsevents

Etrue – Erec

Etrue


Physics AimsPhysics Aims

neutrino oscillationsneutrino oscillations via modification of via modification of

shape of energy shape of energy spectrumspectrum

neutrinos from neutralino neutrinos from neutralino self-annihilationself-annihilation in regions of high in regions of high

neutralino number neutralino number densitydensity

astrophysical sourcesastrophysical sources AGN, gamma-ray bursts, AGN, gamma-ray bursts,

supernova remnantssupernova remnants

energ

y

Ps


Neutralino sourcesNeutralino sources

cores of Earth and Sun cores of Earth and Sun should accumulate should accumulate neutralinos by capture neutralinos by capture through scatteringthrough scattering

ifif Galactic dark matter Galactic dark matter density distribution has density distribution has cusp, Sgr A* BH will cusp, Sgr A* BH will induce sharp central induce sharp central spikespike

in either case, neutrinos in either case, neutrinos produced via decay of W, produced via decay of W, Z, heavy quarks, Z, heavy quarks,

neutdriverneutdriver


TimescaleTimescale

1996–20001996–2000 deployment of ~30 deployment of ~30

autonomous test autonomous test strings for site strings for site evaluationevaluation

test of electro-optical test of electro-optical cable connectioncable connection

verification of verification of mechanical structures mechanical structures and deployment and deployment techniquetechnique

demonstrator string: demonstrator string: test of mechanical test of mechanical issues, acoustic issues, acoustic positioning, trackingpositioning, tracking

2000–20032000–2003 final design phase for final design phase for

0.1 km0.1 km22 detector detector deployment of first deployment of first

string summer 2001string summer 2001 deployment of 0.1 deployment of 0.1

kmkm22 array in two array in two stages, summer 2002 stages, summer 2002 and 2003and 2003

Susan Cartwright IDM2000 ANTARES : vStatus u site evaluation u demonstrator u detector design vProspects u physics aims u neutralino detection status and.

Documents

high energy

string summer

straight string

energy spectrum neutrinos

tevat low energy

deployment site

high energies

test of mechanical issues