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APPJointMeetingofCleanerFossilEnergyand

PowerGenerationandTransmissionTaskForces

01April

2008

BrownCoalDryingTechnologies

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Leads to higher capital cost

Lower efficiency meanshigher CO2 emissions(more fuel needed per kWh

e

)

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ThebenefitsofdryingbrowncoalThebenefitsofdryingbrowncoal Lowercapitalcostofplants

Higherefficiency(lowerfueluseandCO2emissions)

inoperation

From RWE Powerhttp://www.rwe.com/generator.aspx/rwe-power-icw/property=Data/id=608764/dl-wta-technology.pdf

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ThewaystodrybrowncoalThewaystodrybrowncoal SteamFluidisedBedDrying

IntegratedDrying

Gasification

DensifiedBrownCoal

MechanicalThermalExpression

HydrothermalDewatering

Others

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SteamfluidisedbeddryingSteamfluidisedbeddrying Thetechnologyinvolvesevaporativedryingofthe

coal

in

a

superheated

steam

fluidised

bed.

ConceptwasinventedbyPotteratMonashUniversityin1985

Developedto

apre

commercial

scale

by

Lurgi

in

Germany.

RWEPowerinGermanyis,byaclearmargin,the

leaderin

steam

fluidised

bed

drying

of

brown

coal.

Threegenerationsofdevelopmentandscaleupoverthepast20years

Enteringfull

commercial

use

in

Germany

and

apre

commercialdemonstrationplannedinVictoria

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IntegrateddryinggasificationIntegrateddryinggasification HRLPtyLtdhasdevelopedand

demonstratedintegrateddryinggasificationcombinedcycletechnology. Successfullytakento10MWpilotscale

demonstrationlevelinLatrobeValley

Nowundertaking

large

scale

demonstration

projectcomprisingtheconstructionandcommissioningofa400MWcombinedcyclecleancoalpowergenerationplantsupplied

by2x200

MW

gasifiers

using

HRLs

IDGCC

Technology.

JointventuringwithHarbinGroupofChinaforthis$750Mprojectthatissupportedwith$100MAustralianGovernmentand$50M

VictorianGovernmentfunding

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DensifiedbrowncoalDensifiedbrowncoal Attritioningofasminedcoaltoproducemoist,

plastic,

fine

grained,

coal

clay that

subsequently

is

airdriedtoalowmoisturecontentcoal ablackcoalequivalent product.

Originallydeveloped

and

patented

by

Melbourne

Universityinthemid1980s

Potentialforrecoveryofwatercontent

Commercialisationof

differing

process/production

techniquesbeingundertakenbyVictoriancompanies.

EnvironmentalCleanTechnologies

LaTrobe

Lignite

Developments

JottEngineering

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MechanicalthermalexpressionMechanicalthermalexpression Involvescompressingcoarsecrushedcoal(heatedin

the

range

150

to

200

C

by

condensing

steam)

at

mechanicalpressurestypicallyofabout60bartosqueezethewaterfromthebrowncoal.

1tonne

per

hour

pilot

plant

built

and

tested

in

Melbourne

15tonneperhourdemonstrationplantproject

underway

in

Latrobe

Valley Producesadriedbrowncoalproduct

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HydrothermaldewateringHydrothermaldewatering Wetcoalisheatedunderpressureto250300Cand

the

coal

structure

breaks

down

and

shrinks,

releasing

thewaterasaliquid.

Exergen hasdevelopedanefficient,continuousreactor

for

hydrothermal

dewatering

(HTD)

of

brown

coal Thisreactorandprocesshasbeensuccessfully

demonstratedina4tonneperhour(tph)continuous

pilot

dewatering

plant

in

Tasmania Exergen publiclyannouncedin2006thatithas

partneredwithengineeringcontractorThiessandaluminiumproducerAlcoaofAustraliasAngleseaPowerStationtofurtherscaleup itsHTDreactorandprocesshttp://www.thiess.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/10718/Exergen_Press_Release_2006_04_28.pdf

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OtherdryingapproachesOtherdryingapproaches Highspeedgrinding/dryingprocesses

Windhexe technology

Continuousprocessforpressuredewatering

AquEx

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Browncoalisattractive(whendry)Browncoalisattractive(whendry) Thereislotsoflowranked(brown)coalinAustralia,

Germany,China,USAandothercountries. Oftenalowcostprimaryenergyresource

Itshighreactivityisgoodforgasificationandreductantapplications

Itis

used,

or

could

be

used,

in:

Powergeneration Largestapplication,worldwide

Coalto

liquids

Gastoliquids

Mineralsprocessing

Exportquality

brown

coal