Federal Aviation Administration Surveillance and Broadcast Services Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Overview By: Robert Nichols Date: August 8, 2008
Jan 14, 2016
Federal AviationAdministrationSurveillance and
Broadcast ServicesAutomatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Overview
By: Robert Nichols
Date: August 8, 2008
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Surveillance and Broadcast Services
• NextGen• Overview• Dual Track Strategy• Essential Services• Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM)
Status• Next Steps
Agenda
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ADS-B SWIM DATA COMM NNEW NVS
Trajectory Based Operations XX XX XX XX XX
High Density Arr/Dep Terminals and Airports XX XX XX XX XX
Flexible Terminals and Airports XX XX XX XX XX
Collaborative ATM XX XX XX XX
Reduce Weather Impacts XX XX XX XX XX
Safety, Security and Environment XX XX XX
Transform Facilities XX XX XX
XX XX XX XX
XX XX XX
Air Traffic Operations
Aircraft & OperatorRequirements
Airport Development
NextGen Transformational Program Integration
NNEW = NextGen Network Enabled Weather; NVS = NAS Voice Switch
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Overview: Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B)
• Automatic– Periodically transmits information with no
pilot or operator input required
• Dependent– Position and velocity vector are derived
from the Global Positioning System (GPS)
• Surveillance -– A method of determining position of
aircraft, vehicles, or other asset
• Broadcast– Transmitted information available to
anyone with the appropriate receiving equipment
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Surveillance and Broadcast Services
Overview: Traffic Information Service - Broadcast / Flight Information Service - Broadcast
TIS-B is a service which provides ADS-B equipped aircraft with position reports from secondary surveillance radar on non-ADS-B equipped aircraft.
FIS-B transmits graphical National Weather Service products, temporary flight restrictions (TFRs), and special use airspace.
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Overview: Initial ADS-B Services and Applications
Services:
Surveillance Broadcast Services (En Route, Terminal, Surface)
Traffic / Flight Information Broadcast Services
Applications:
Enhanced Visual Acquisition
Enhanced Visual Approaches
Final Approach and Runway Occupancy Awareness
Airport Surface Situational Awareness
Conflict Detection
Merging and Spacing
Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) Assisted Visual Separation (CAVS)
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ADS-B Out: ATC Separation Services - Current Conditions (High)
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ADS-B Out: ATC Separation Services - ADS-B Enabled (High)
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Enhanced Visual Acquisition
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Enhanced Visual Approaches
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Final Approach and Runway Occupancy
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Airport Surface Situational Awareness
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Conflict Detection
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Merging and Spacing
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) Assisted Visual Separation (CAVS)
Scattered clouds
Glare
Night w/ background lights
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Deploy Ground
Infrastructure
Essential Services ISD
Dual Track Strategy
Ground Infrastructure
Avionics Equipage
Acquisition Planning
Acquisition Execution
RPR Phase I
RPR Phase 2
NPRMRPR
Phase 3Final Rule
Pre-NPRM Separation Standards Modeling
Separation Standards Approval
Test Ground Infrastructure /
Voluntary Avionics Equipage
Initial Operating Capability
Critical Services
ISD
Avionics Equipage
Begins
2/2006 – 11/2006
4/2006 – 9/2006 10/2007
1/2007 – 8/2007
11/2006 – 8/2007
4/2010
10/2009 – 4/2010 9/2010
4/2010 5/20103/2008 – 2/2009
2/2008 – 1/2009 4/2008 – 3/2010
= In Process= Completed
Ground Infrastructure Deployment
2010 – 2013
Avionics Equipage
2010 – 2020
RPR = Rulemaking Project Record; NPRM = Notice of Proposed Rulemaking; ISD = In-Service Decision
11/2008
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Ground Infrastructure: 794 Ground Station Solution Provides National Coverage
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Key Site Service Volume 168
SV-168 UAT – Overview (TIS-B and FIS-B)
SV-168 1090ES – Overview (TIS-B)
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SV168-08 Lakeland Linder Regional AirportSV168-10 Sebastian Municipal Airport - On Air
SV168-06 Boca Raton Airport
SV168-03 Dade-Collier Training and Transition Airport
SV168-02 Florida Keys Marathon Airport
ZJX (On Air)
ZMA & MIA (On Air)
SV168-09 Hardee - On Air
SV168-11 St Cloud (Univision) - On Air
SV168-05 Hobe Sound - On Air
SV168-07 Okeechobee - On Air
SV168-01 Key West (Beach TV) - On Air
SV168-04 Homestead (Dade Marina) - On Air
Construction to start 7/307460 Approved
7460 ApprovedCOW Operational on 7/30
7460 Approved. NOTAM required prior to startCOW Ready on Site
Permit ready 7/29. Construction expected to start week of 8/3 (Pending airport approval)
7460 Approved
NOTAM expected issuance on 7/30Operational 8/1 if the NOTAM is issued
Essential Services: Miami Scheduled Site Readiness Dates
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Hardee Radio Station Installation
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Key West Installation
SV168-01 Key West (Beach TV) Radio Cabinet on Platform
SV168-01 Key West (Beach TV) Radio Cabinet Installed on Platform
SV168-01 Key West (Beach TV) Antenna Array
Note: The Key West site is in a flood plain, so a raised structure was required
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Essential Services: Cell on Wheels Sites
SV168-03 (Dade-Collier T&T Airport) Cell on Wheels in Place
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Essential Services: Cell on Wheels Sites
SV168-02 (Marathon Airport) Cell on Wheels in Place (not extended, required NOTAM in work)
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Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) Summary• All aircraft operating in the following airspace
would have to meet the proposed performance requirements for ADS-B Out:– Class A, B and C airspace – All airspace at and above 10,000 feet MSL over the 48
contiguous United States and the District of Columbia– Within 30 nautical miles of airports listed in 41 CFR Part 91,
Appendix D, from the surface up to 10,000 feet MSL– Class E airspace over the Gulf of Mexico from the coastline of
the United States out to 12 nautical miles, at and above 3,000 feet MSL
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Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) Status• The Aviation Rulemaking Committee (ARC) Was Chartered in July 2007
– As an initial tasking before the publication of the NPRM, the ARC would serve as a platform for the development of a report on how operational benefits of ADS-B could be optimized before compliance with a nationwide ADS-B mandate. This report was delivered to the FAA in October 2007.
– Once the NPRM has been published and reviewed by the ARC, the ARC would make specific recommendations to the FAA about any changes that should be made to the proposed language in the NPRM. The ARC is scheduled to provide NPRM recommendations to the FAA in September 2008.
• The NPRM comment period closed on March 3, 2008
• The FAA has categorized the comments that were received– Number of Submittals (excluding FAA / DOT) = 172
• Excludes duplicates, Department of Transportation and requests for extension– Number of Comments = 1,372 (101 positive, 1,271 non-positive)– Number of Issues = 85
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ARC Member OrganizationsOrganization Organization
Air Transport Association (ATA) International Air Transport Association (IATA)
Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Airbus MITRE / CAASD
Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA) National Air Traffic Controllers Association (NATCA)
Alaska Airlines National Business Aviation Association (NBAA)
Aviation Communication and Surveillance Systems, LLC (ACSS)
Regional Airline Association (RAA)
The Boeing Company Rockwell Collins
Cessna Aircraft Company Southwest Airlines
Department of Defense (DoD) United Airlines
Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO) UPS
Federal Express
Garmin
General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA)
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Milestone Planned Date of Completion / Status
FY2009
In Service Decision for Broadcast Services November 2008
Gulf of Mexico Weather Service Acceptance Test (SAT) March 2009
Louisville Service Acceptance Test (SAT) April 2009
Gulf of Mexico Service Acceptance Test (SAT) June 2009
Philadelphia Service Acceptance Test (SAT) August 2009
Gulf of Mexico Comm. and Weather Initial Operating Capability (IOC) September 2009
FY2010
Juneau Service Acceptance Test (SAT) October 2009
Louisville IOC of Surveillance Services October 2009
Gulf of Mexico IOC of Surveillance Services December 2009
Philadelphia IOC of Surveillance Services February 2010
Final Rule Published April 2010
Juneau IOC of Surveillance Services April 2010
Surveillance Services ISD for ADS-B September 2010
Next Steps: FY2009 / FY2010 Schedule
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Backup
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Significant Comment SummarySignificant Comments
Insufficient Benefits to Operators
ATC surveillance should be offered in expanded airspace i.e., to lower altitudes (AOPA)
ATC surveillance should support closer separation than radar (ATA)
FAA should provide financial incentives (ATA, Boeing, Airbus, AOPA)
FAA should define ADS-B In applications that provide direct benefits to operators (ATA, Boeing, Airbus)
Disagree with Required Performance and Schedule
FAA should require lower performance requirements, and accelerate implementation. Requirements should be based on Australia/Canada/European non-radar airspace application, which would accommodate many current aircraft (ATA, Boeing, Airbus)
FAA should defer any rule supporting ADS-B In applications until requirements for additional applications are more mature (ATA, Boeing, Airbus)
FAA should require ADS-B In, particularly for surface safety applications, and accelerate implementation (ALPA, NTSB)
FAA should specify requirements based on airspace, rather than one-size-fits-all. i.e., reduced requirements in non-radar airspace, airborne vs surface. (AOPA, ATA, Boeing, Airbus)
Equipment Strategy
Dual-link architecture limits a complete traffic picture to within coverage of ground systems, raising safety, international compatibility concerns and some question whether the architecture can be extended to NextGen applications. Support single-link, 1090 (Boeing, ATA, Airbus)
FAA needs to reconsider the transponder requirement and back-up surveillance strategy. Support single-link for general aviation: On UAT, would affect TCAS and radar (AOPA)
Reconsider WAAS as only the currently-available service supporting the rule: improve GPS constellation so that it is adequate (ATA)
Source: Bruce DeCleene Summary Memo, March 25, 2008
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Significant Comment Summary
Significant Comments
National Security
DoD requires that certain traffic cannot broadcast ADS-B (e.g., VIP traffic): need to define provisions for accommodation (DoD)
Need to coordinate security vulnerability issues of civil traffic with DoD and DHS (DoD)
Regulatory Strategy
Place aircraft-related requirements in airworthiness rules to streamline adoption (ATA)
Add a forward-fit requirement to promote early equipage (GAMA)
Regulatory Evaluation
Costs are underestimated (ATA, Boeing)
Source: Bruce DeCleene Summary Memo, March 25, 2008