Quaternary Geology The deposits from two continental glaciations, associated lakes, and meltwater streams constitute most of the surficial deposits in the Aurora North Quadrangle. The earliest Quaternary glaciers probably arrived in Kane County more than 500,000 years ago, but there are no deposits of this age preserved in the map area. In the southern part of the map, bedrock valleys are shown that contain sediment deposited during the next-to-last glaciation (Illinois Episode) from about 180,000 to 130,000 years ago. An ancient weathering horizon, the Sangamon Geosol, formed in Illinois Episode sediments from about 130,000 to 55,000 years ago (Curry 1989, Curry and Pavich 1996). Capping the layer of weathered glacial sediment or bedrock is a thin, discontinuous layer of dark brown, organic-rich sediment known as the Robein Member of the Roxana Silt. Based on radiocarbon analyses, the Roxana Silt was deposited between about 50,000 and 25,000 years ago (Wickham et al. 1988). Wood fragments, including in situ tree stumps, have been discovered in this sediment to the west of the map area in the Sugar Grove Quadrangle (Curry et al. 1999). The first glaciers of the last (Wisconsin) episode entered the Aurora North Quadrangle about 24,500 years ago, remained in the quadrangle until about 17,500 years ago (Curry et al. 1999), and deposited three major glacial units. The youngest of these, the Yorkville Member of the Lemont Formation, is the predominant surficial deposit of the Aurora North Quadrangle and is composed mostly of gray silty clay diamicton with discontinuous lenses of sand and gravel. The Yorkville sediments form the ridge-like, north-south–trending Minooka Moraine east of the Fox River and the subdued north-south–trending St. Charles Moraine west of the Fox River (fig. 1). The older Wisconsin Episode diamicton units, the sandy Batestown Member of the Lemont Formation and the loamy Tiskilwa Formation, are present in the subsurface, but their distribution is patchy in the eastern and southern parts of the quadrangle. The succession of three glacial diamicton units and associated outwash and lake sediment were eroded during postglacial flooding along the Fox River valley. In some places, the earliest postglacial streams deposited sand and gravel units up to 30 feet thick. Subsequent erosion has exposed bedrock in many places along the Fox River. Lake sediment and peat accumulated in depressions (kettles) left by melted blocks of ice and in valleys tributary to the Fox River that were temporarily blocked by outwash and other sediment. Aeolian silt and clay (loess) as much as 4 feet thick mantles most glacial sediments. The loess is generally organic-rich and has been altered by development of the modern soil. Because loess is ubiquitous, its extent was not mapped. Thin deposits of river and stream sediment (alluvium) deposited in the last 10,000 years mantle the glacial sediment and bedrock. This alluvium is not covered by loess. Mapping Methods This surficial geology map is based on previous mapping (Curry 1990, Grimley 1998, Grimley and Curry 2001), on logs from numerous engineering borings and stratigraphic test borings (e.g., Landon and Kempton 1971, Kemmis 1978), and on the Kane County soil survey maps of Goddard (1979). The areal extent of surficial lake sediment (map unit e) was partly based on interpretation of color infrared aerial photography done in 1988 by the United States Geological Survey’s National Aerial Photography Program. These interpretations were verified by examining samples obtained from hand-auger test holes. The matrix texture of the Yorkville Member diamicton is very similar to surficial lake sediment; the materials were differentiated primarily on the basis of their moisture contents (12 to 24% for diamicton; 30 to 50% or greater for surficial lacustrine sediment). Alluvial deposits were mapped on the basis of their landscape position in valleys and from the soil survey (Goddard 1979). The areas mapped as surficial peat, sand and gravel, and bedrock were taken from the maps of Goddard (1979). Some of these areas, especially in the southeastern part of the quadrangle, were verified in several shallow structural borings for subdivisions. Stratigraphic nomenclature of the glacial deposits is from Hansel and Johnson (1996). Cross sections showing the vertical and lateral extent of the surface and subsurface units of the Aurora North Quadrangle were constructed based on interpretations of data from (1) deep stuctural borings at the Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (Soil Testing Services 1969, 1970; Landon and Kempton 1971; Kemmis 1978, 1981; Graese et al. 1988; Curry 1991; Paul Kesich, personal communication); (2) water-well logs done by Layne-Western, Inc. for various city agencies (Gilkeson et al. 1987, McFadden et al. 1989); (3) unpublished deep structural borings for the Settler’s Hill Landfill (Ian Wilkerson, personal communication); (4) unpublished engineering borings for bridges; and (5) shallow structural borings for several subdivisions, especially in the southeastern part of the quadrangle. In addition, records from numerous water wells on file at the Geological Records Unit at the Illinois State Geological Survey were used to augment the detailed logs just described. Only a few outcrops were observed in the quadrangle. The largest exposure on the quadrangle is the eastern highwall of the quarry south and east of the Interstate 88–Fox River crossing. At the quarry, 25 to 30 feet of gray silty clay diamicton of the Yorkville Member overlies discontinuous, thin layers of brown loam diamicton, and coarse sand and gravel of the Batestown Member. Lithologic information from boring 32499 was projected onto cross section B–BN. This boring provides the only high-quality record that, along with the soils maps of Goddard (1979), indicates that the area of low relief west of the Minooka Moraine and west of the Fox River is underlain by silty clay diamicton of the Yorkville Member. The data were projected so that the surface elevation of the boring matches the elevation along the line of the section. References Curry, B.B., 1989, Absence of Altonian glaciation in Illinois: Quaternary Research, v. 31, p.1–13. Curry, B.B., 1990, Stack-unit map (to 50 ft.) of Kane County Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Open File Series 1990-2i, scale 1:62,500. Curry, B.B., 1991, Statistical evaluation of common geotechnical parameters of glacial drift units at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois: Association of Engineering Geologists 34th Annual Meeting Proceedings, Greensburg, Pennsylvania, p. 258. Curry, B.B., and M.J. Pavich,1996, Absence of glaciation in Illinois during marine isotope stages 3 through 5: Quaternary Research, v. 31, p. 19–26. Curry, B.B., D.A. Grimley, and J.A. Stravers, 1999, Quaternary geology, geomorphology, and climatic history of Kane County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Guidebook 28, 40 p. Gilkeson, R.H., S.S. McFadden, D.E. Laymon, and A.P. Visocky, 1987, Hydrogeologic evaluation of groundwater resources in buried bedrock valleys, northeastern Illinois: Proceedings of the Focus Conference on Midwestern Ground Water Issues, National Water Well Association, p. 245–267. Goddard, T.M., 1979, Soil survey of Kane County, Illinois: Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, Illinois Agricultural Experimental Station, Soil Report No. 109. Graese, A.M., R.A. Bauer, B.B. Curry, R.C. Vaiden, W.G. Dixon Jr., and J.P. Kempton, 1988, Geological-geotechnical studies for siting the SSC in Illinois—Regional summary: Illinois State Geological Survey, Environmental Geology Notes 123, 100 p. Grimley, D.A., 1998, Surficial geology of the Sugar Grove 7.5- minute Quadrangle, Kane County, Illinois: Reston, Virginia, USGS STATEMAP Program, scale 1:24,000. Grimley, D.A., and B.B. Curry, 2001, Surficial geology map, Geneva Quadrangle, Kane and Du Page Counties, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geological Quadrangle Map, IGQ Geneva-SG, scale 1:24,000. Hansel, A.K., and W.H. Johnson, 1996, Wedron and Mason Groups: Lithostratigraphic reclassification of deposits of the Wisconsin Episode, Lake Michigan Lobe area: Illinois State Geological Survey, Bulletin 104, 116 p. Kemmis, T.J., 1978, Properties and origin of the Yorkville Till Member at the national accelerator site, northeastern Illinois: M.S. thesis, Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, 331 p. Kemmis, T.J., 1981, Importance of the regelation process to certain properties of basal tills deposited by the Laurentide Ice Sheet in Iowa and Illinois, U.S.A., Annals of Glaciology, v. 2: Cambridge, England, International Glaciological Society, p. 147–152. Landon, R.A., and J.P. Kempton, 1971, Stratigraphy of the glacial deposits at the National Accelerator Laboratory Site, Batavia, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Circular 456, 21 p. McFadden, S.S., C.R. Gendron, and F.A. Stanke, 1989, Shallow groundwater resources assessment for the village of Montgomery, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Contract/Grant Report 1989:1, 17 p. Soil Testing Services, Inc., 1969, 1970, Unpublished reports for the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory: Northbrook, Illinois, Soil Testing Services, Inc. Wickham, S.S., W.H. Johnson, and H.D. Glass, 1988, Regional geology of the Tiskilwa Till Member, Wedron Formation, Northeastern Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Circular 543, 35 p. Willman, H.B., and J.C. Frye, 1970, Pleistocene stratigraphy of Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Bulletin 94, 204 p. Water wells Shallow structural borings Deep borings and outcrops with laboratory data Data are labeled with county API numbers, unique numbers that identify records of water wells and borings available at the Geological Records Unit of the Illinois State Geological Survey. The location of every data point has been field verified. Data Points Produced by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with State of Illinois agencies Control by USGS and NOS/NOAA Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs taken 1963. Field checked 1964. Revised from aerial photographs taken 1988. Field checked 1991. Map edited 1993. Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: Illinois coordinate system, east zone (transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 16, shown in blue, 1927 North American Datum (NAD)) North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) is shown by dashed corner ticks The values of the shift between NAD 27 and NAD 83 for 7.5-minute intersections are given in USGS Bulletin 1875 B. Brandon Curry SURFICIAL GEOLOGY MAP Aurora North Quadrangle, Kane and Du Page Counties, Illinois ILLINOIS NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT OF 1 9 5 0 O E L O G G E I T C A A T L S S S U I R O V N I E L Y L I George H. Ryan, Governor Department of Natural Resources Brent Manning, Director ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William W. Shilts, Chief Illinois Geological Quadrangle Map: IGQ Aurora North-SG 2001 For further information about this map contact: ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 615 East Peabody Drive Champaign Illinois 61820-6964 (217)333-4747 http://www.isgs.uiuc.edu Released by the authority of the State of Illinois: 2001 32577 32580 32581 32567 289 238 32506 28964 28966 507 1477 28968 26767 28969 22764 23179 28611 265 31448 32485 33162 101 26869 28880 27332 26879 28879 27179 28871 28881 1006 32736 33166 33011 27146 94 33159 33163 32592 23239 23238 28886 29933 27903 31658 28870 1505 22294 1833 23231 1752 24487 1881 32377 32486 32384 26775 26529 23028 98 24900 1101 24899 26684 727 28873 729 31232 32556 728 605 34 31230 300 22519 22512 22516 22513 298 304 30163 895 30162 26027 26021 30161 30164 26085 26084 295 32558 32559 26364 26349 608 299 24441 32557 26365 301 881 26078 26076 30160 26022 32381 32554 30570 27615 23229 26781 1504 93 986 28867 26099 26098 891 303 32572 32573 294 296 22625 22787 22602 1199 1705 406 28953 465 22756 22757 23024 32845 32499 32500 32391 22803 733 32561 22461 1267 22014 1227 32574 32575 32483 32576 892 302 297 33156 33157 33158 32711 23243 32383 366 22359 32501 1425 1910 32563 32564 32484 22805 32562 48 22626 32392 24389 22581 32847 22735 22734 22733 22732 22579 22578 32393 32394 102 32709 22648 22649 31138 30003 30007 30000 30002 22789 23041 22545 22544 22542 32582 22767 32386 676 22632 22631 678 22630 679 674 22555 673 27688 672 27029 22811 22576 28756 28758 251 32504 28760 28759 22573 28761 22629 22627 27690 28757 22753 22628 32503 22540 22816 32591 22820 22533 23022 22821 32594 32595 663 32596 32378 32487 1001 32489 22550 22766 32491 23026 32490 681 24834 32385 26019 26017 894 26026 32569 32568 32570 32502 32584 32585 32587 32586 32590 32589 32571 286 157 22762 22763 22759 22758 1310 1309 28943 22808 969 23046 401 28944 28942 28934 22765 33153 1228 556 1703 26864 1704 541 22225 1200 534 1624 1297 1186 1192 33154 169 156 33155 22462 649 213 1317 32708 22357 32388 28864 769 28863 29750 28866 768 1179 22358 1180 27510 22871 22098 1907 26639 26993 1754 963 23240 28883 23235 566 24892 23571 23570 22880 536 1758 1154 27118 27833 23572 1839 32710 32785 32784 23267 1155 32406 1644 1755 1757 1838 28877 776 28878 32341 24902 278 1397 1232 27034 769 1432 22646 731 1225 28876 28890 28933 26792 49 400 1185 1547 22562 28945 27218 387 22405 28951 466 598 408 22604 28956 22226 26940 28954 28963 654 1706 28965 28959 28960 27452 772 669 773 22786 23232 27220 28882 310 2428 23226 1506 27391 22874 1827 22146 26865 24894 1830 22472 24897 24896 26772 1836 32507 P z P z P z ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly c c c c c c c c c e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e h h h h h h h h h h h h h h gp gp gp gp gp gp gp e C c A B AN AN e lb BN CN BN Randall Road Kirk Road Minooka Moraine St. Charles Moraine e e e 32710 32847 (STATEMAP boring) 23572 536 22581 32501 33157 (outcrop) Mill Creek Route 31 Route 25 32838 32845 (STATEMAP boring) 733 32483 297 892 891 302 296 Fox River 32499 (projected onto section) 500 500 700 700 600 600 800 800 elevation (ft) elevation (ft) B ly lb ly ly e e lb ly h ly lb e lb c Vertical exaggeration = 20x P z AN AN map boundary 500 500 700 700 600 600 800 800 elevation (ft) elevation (ft) 32384 28873 (WW) Quarry Park 32556 (outcrop) 299 30160 30162 A rr ly lb t ly e c h lb Fox River ly h creek c lb lb lb ly ly gp e (mostly replaced with compacted fill) after borings were sampled e 33159 e 101 28881 26349 32559 26084 26085 30164 Nelson Lake 33163 32592 (Nelson Lake core; Sugar Grove Quad) gp Mill Creek Randall Road Route 31 Route 25 Kirk Road Minooka Moraine St. Charles Moraine Vertical exaggeration = 20x g lb P z CN Randall Road Route 31 Route 25 New York Ave Galena Blvd 500 700 600 800 elevation (ft) C 700 600 800 elevation (ft) 500 Minooka Moraine Aurora Bedrock Valley ? e e e e h 32490 32491 24834 32385 32386 32506 32567 26767 32503 22550 22630 773 32591 22816 22576 22786 28756 32504 28758 ly c fill fill gp gp lb g ly ly lb lb g rr c Fox River Vertical exaggeration = 20x Aurora Bedrock Valley P z P z Key to Moraines Marengo Moraine Bloomington System Elburn Complex St. Charles Moraine Minooka Moraine Woodstock Moraine West Chicago Moraine Other moraines Glaciated areas with no moraines Sublobe boundary Aurora North Quadrangle Key to Moraines Figure 1 Wisconsin Episode moraines in northeastern Illinois. Moraines, shown in blue and green, were formed near the terminus of glacial ice during various positions of the Lake Michigan Lobe. Glacial ice advanced in a westerly and southwesterly direction into Illinois from the Lake Michigan basin. The older moraines of this figure occur generally to the west and the younger moraines to the east. On this map, adapted from Willman and Frye (1970) and Hansel and Johnson (1996), Kane County is outlined in black, and the Aurora North Quadrangle is hachured in red. N Matrix-supported diamicton; matrix textures of clay, silty clay, and silty clay loam Matrix-supported diamicton; matrix textures of loam, silt loam, sandy loam, clay loam, and silty clay loam Thin layers of matrix-supported diamicton, fine sand, sand and gravel, and silt; the layers are usually less than 2 feet thick Disturbed land; variable lithology Sand and gravel Gravel and boulders Silt and clay Estimated, queried, or approximated lithologic contact Lithologic contact Lithologic symbols for borings along cross sections Other symbols in cross sections water disturbed land moraine P z Materials Lithostratigraphic units Maximum and interpretations thickness QUATERNARY DEPOSITS Hudson Episode (postglacial) Peat and muck; including interbedded sand, silty gp Grayslake Peat 40 feet at the Ironwood clay, and marl; commonly associated with lake Decomposed wetland vegetation Subdivision, Southeastern sediments of the Equality Formation and sediment Aurora Sand and gravel, and well-sorted sand adjacent c Cahokia Formation 10 feet adjacent to to streams, grading laterally to layered, organic-rich, Floodplain sediment Mill Creek; possibly fossiliferous silt and clay; associated with the thicker along reaches Equality Formation of the Fox River Hudson and Wisconsin Episodes Silt and clay; layered to massive, thin beds of e Equality Formation 50 feet at Nelson Lake, sand are common; fossiliferous in many places; Lake deposits in kettles and other buried by Grayslake Peat unit present at surface, buried by postglacial depressions; also in valleys (northwestern part of map) sediment, and found intertonguing with sand of tributary to the Fox River the Henry Formation Wisconsin Episode (last glaciation) Sand and gravel, or sand; contains lenses of silt h Henry Formation 30 feet along the and clay, or diamicton Outwash deposited along valleys Fox River and beyond former glacier margins Diamicton; silty clay, silty clay loam, and clay, ly Yorkville Member, 70 feet, forming the with layers and lenses of sand and gravel or silt. Lemont Formation Minooka Moraine Layered diamicton, silt, and sand indicated Till and debris flow deposits west of the Fox River on lithologic logs on cross sections. Yellow- brown to olive where weathered; gray where unweathered Diamicton; sandy loam, with abundant cobbles; lb Batestown Member, 40 feet, east of includes continuous layers and lenses of sand and Lemont Formation Nelson Lake gravel, or sand; brown to grayish pink Till and debris flow deposits Buried deposits (cross sections only) Diamicton; loam to clay loam (roughly equal t Tiskilwa Formation 30 feet, east of amounts of sand, silt, and clay in the < 2-mm matrix); Till and debris flow deposits Nelson Lake with lenses of sand and gravel, or sand; pinkish brown; compact Silt and clay; organic-rich, black to dark brown; rr Robein Member, Roxana Silt 7 feet, east of leached of carbonate minerals; contains wood Pedogenically altered loess, Nelson Lake fragments loess and diamicton Illinois Episode (next-to-last glaciation) Diamicton; compact, sandy and bouldery with g Glasford Formation 100 feet in the abundant lenses of coarse sand, and gravel, or silt; Till and debris flow deposits, St. Charles and occurs below buried organic-rich sediment of the outwash, and lacustrine sediments Aurora Bedrock Valleys Robein Member or compact diamicton of the Tiskilwa Formation in buried bedrock valleys; pinkish brown PALEOZOIC BEDROCK Dolomite with chert lenses; gray to yellowish brown, Kankakee and Joliet 35 feet of Silurian dolomite fossiliferous, vuggy; also shaly dolomite and brown Formations (Silurian); is exposed in quarries along shale Maquoketa Group the Fox River (Ordovician) Scale 1:24,000 0 0 0 2000 feet 2 kilometers 2 miles Base map contour interval 10 feet Base map compiled at the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS) from digital data provided by the U.S. Geological Survey and the ISGS 1 Elburn 2 Geneva 3 West Chicago 4 Sugar Grove 5 Naperville 6 Yorkville 7 Aurora South 8 Normantown 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8 ADJOINING 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLES MN GN 1° 0°52N 18 MILS 16 MILS UTM GRID AND 1993 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET Acknowledgments Funding for mapping was provided by the Illinois State Geological Survey and the Kane County Forest Preserve. Initial research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, under USGS award number 1434-HQ-96-AG-01483. I am grateful for the dedicated work of several ISGS employees, past and present, including Robert Gilkeson, Faith Fitzpatrick, Tim Larson, and John Kempton. For the careful review of the map, I give special thanks to Dave Larson, Don Luman, and Ardith Hansel. IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON THE USE OF THESE MAPS AND OTHER MATERIALS This document has been carefully reviewed and edited and meets the standards of the Illinois State Geological Survey with regard to scientific and technical quality and is suited to the purpose and the use intended by its authors. It presents reasonable interpretations of the geology of the area and is based on available data. However, the interpretations are based on data that may vary with respect to accuracy of geographic location, the type and quantity of data available at each location, and the reliability of the data sources. Consequently, the accuracy of unit boundaries and other features shown in this document varies from place to place. Variations in the texture, color, and other characteristics of unlithified glacial and nonglacial sediments can make it difficult to delineate unit boundaries, particularly those in the subsurface. Any map or cross section included in this document is not meant to be enlarged. Enlarging the scale of an existing map or cross section, by whatever means, does not increase the inherent accuracy of the information and scientific interpretations it portrays. This document provides a large-scale conceptual model of the geology of the area on which to base further work. Any map or cross section included herein is not intended for use in site-specific screening or decision-making. Use of this document does not eliminate the need for detailed studies to fully understand the geology of a specific site. The Illinois State Geological Survey, the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, and the State of Illinois make no guarantee, expressed or implied, regarding the correctness of the interpretations presented in this document and accept no liability for the consequences of decisions made by others on the basis of the information presented here. Recommended Citation Curry, B.B., 2001, Surficial Geology Map, Aurora North Quadrangle, Kane and Du Page Counties, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geological Quadrangle Map, IGQ Aurora North-SG, 1:24,000.
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Quaternary GeologyThe deposits from two continental glaciations, associated lakes, and meltwater streams constitute most of the surficial deposits in the Aurora North Quadrangle. The earliest Quaternary glaciers probably arrived in Kane County more than 500,000 years ago, but there are no deposits of this age preserved in the map area. In the southern part of the map, bedrock valleys are shown that contain sediment deposited during the next-to-last glaciation (Illinois Episode) from about 180,000 to 130,000 years ago. An ancient weathering horizon, the Sangamon Geosol, formed in Illinois Episode sediments from about 130,000 to 55,000 years ago (Curry 1989, Curry and Pavich 1996). Capping the layer of weathered glacial sediment or bedrock is a thin, discontinuous layer of dark brown, organic-rich sediment known as the Robein Member of the Roxana Silt. Based on radiocarbon analyses, the Roxana Silt was deposited between about 50,000 and 25,000 years ago (Wickham et al. 1988). Wood fragments, including in situ tree stumps, have been discovered in this sediment to the west of the map area in the Sugar Grove Quadrangle (Curry et al. 1999).
The first glaciers of the last (Wisconsin) episode entered the Aurora North Quadrangle about 24,500 years ago, remained in the quadrangle until about 17,500 years ago (Curry et al. 1999), and deposited three major glacial units. The youngest of these, the Yorkville Member of the Lemont Formation, is the predominant surficial deposit of the Aurora North Quadrangle and is composed mostly of gray silty clay diamicton with discontinuous lenses of sand and gravel. The Yorkville sediments form the ridge-like, north-south–trending Minooka Moraine east of the Fox River and the subdued north-south–trending St. Charles Moraine west of the Fox River (fig. 1). The older Wisconsin Episode diamicton units, the sandy Batestown Member of the Lemont Formation and the loamy Tiskilwa Formation, are present in the subsurface, but their distribution is patchy in the eastern and southern parts of the quadrangle.
The succession of three glacial diamicton units and associated outwash and lake sediment were eroded during postglacial flooding along the Fox River valley. In some places, the earliest postglacial streams deposited sand and gravel units up to 30 feet thick. Subsequent erosion has exposed bedrock in many places along the Fox River. Lake sediment and peat accumulated in depressions (kettles) left by melted blocks of ice and in valleys tributary to the Fox River that were temporarily blocked by
outwash and other sediment. Aeolian silt and clay (loess) as much as 4 feet thick mantles most glacial sediments. The loess is generally organic-rich and has been altered by development of the modern soil. Because loess is ubiquitous, its extent was not mapped. Thin deposits of river and stream sediment (alluvium) deposited in the last 10,000 years mantle the glacial sediment and bedrock. This alluvium is not covered by loess.
Mapping MethodsThis surficial geology map is based on previous mapping (Curry 1990, Grimley 1998, Grimley and Curry 2001), on logs from numerous engineering borings and stratigraphic test borings (e.g., Landon and Kempton 1971, Kemmis 1978), and on the Kane County soil survey maps of Goddard (1979). The areal extent of surficial lake sediment (map unit e) was partly based on interpretation of color infrared aerial photography done in 1988 by the United States Geological Survey’s National Aerial Photography Program. These interpretations were verified by examining samples obtained from hand-auger test holes. The matrix texture of the Yorkville Member diamicton is very similar to surficial lake sediment; the materials were differentiated primarily on the basis of their moisture contents (12 to 24% for diamicton; 30 to 50% or greater for surficial lacustrine sediment). Alluvial deposits were mapped on the basis of their landscape position in valleys and from the soil survey (Goddard 1979). The areas mapped as surficial peat, sand and gravel, and bedrock were taken from the maps of Goddard (1979). Some of these areas, especially in the southeastern part of the quadrangle, were verified in several shallow structural borings for subdivisions. Stratigraphic nomenclature of the glacial deposits is from Hansel and Johnson (1996).
Cross sections showing the vertical and lateral extent of the surface and subsurface units of the Aurora North Quadrangle were constructed based on interpretations of data from (1) deep stuctural borings at the Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (Soil Testing Services 1969, 1970; Landon and Kempton 1971; Kemmis 1978, 1981; Graese et al. 1988; Curry 1991; Paul Kesich, personal communication); (2) water-well logs done by Layne-Western, Inc. for various city agencies (Gilkeson et al. 1987, McFadden et al. 1989); (3) unpublished deep structural borings for the Settler’s Hill Landfill (Ian Wilkerson, personal communication); (4) unpublished engineering borings for bridges; and (5) shallow structural borings for several subdivisions, especially in the southeastern part of the quadrangle. In addition, records from numerous water wells on file
at the Geological Records Unit at the Illinois State Geological Survey were used to augment the detailed logs just described. Only a few outcrops were observed in the quadrangle. The largest exposure on the quadrangle is the eastern highwall of the quarry south and east of the Interstate 88–Fox River crossing. At the quarry, 25 to 30 feet of gray silty clay diamicton of the Yorkville Member overlies discontinuous, thin layers of brown loam diamicton, and coarse sand and gravel of the Batestown Member.
Lithologic information from boring 32499 was projected onto cross section B–BN. This boring provides the only high-quality record that, along with the soils maps of Goddard (1979), indicates that the area of low relief west of the Minooka Moraine and west of the Fox River is underlain by silty clay diamicton of the Yorkville Member. The data were projected so that the surface elevation of the boring matches the elevation along the line of the section.
ReferencesCurry, B.B., 1989, Absence of Altonian glaciation in Illinois:
Quaternary Research, v. 31, p.1–13.
Curry, B.B., 1990, Stack-unit map (to 50 ft.) of Kane County Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Open File Series 1990-2i, scale 1:62,500.
Curry, B.B., 1991, Statistical evaluation of common geotechnical parameters of glacial drift units at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois: Association of Engineering Geologists 34th Annual Meeting Proceedings, Greensburg, Pennsylvania, p. 258.
Curry, B.B., and M.J. Pavich,1996, Absence of glaciation in Illinois during marine isotope stages 3 through 5: Quaternary Research, v. 31, p. 19–26.
Curry, B.B., D.A. Grimley, and J.A. Stravers, 1999, Quaternary geology, geomorphology, and climatic history of Kane County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Guidebook 28, 40 p.
Gilkeson, R.H., S.S. McFadden, D.E. Laymon, and A.P. Visocky, 1987, Hydrogeologic evaluation of groundwater resources in buried bedrock valleys, northeastern Illinois: Proceedings of the Focus Conference on Midwestern Ground Water Issues, National Water Well Association, p. 245–267.
Goddard, T.M., 1979, Soil survey of Kane County, Illinois: Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, Illinois Agricultural Experimental Station, Soil Report No. 109.
Graese, A.M., R.A. Bauer, B.B. Curry, R.C. Vaiden, W.G. Dixon Jr., and J.P. Kempton, 1988, Geological-geotechnical studies for siting the SSC in Illinois—Regional summary: Illinois State Geological Survey, Environmental Geology Notes 123, 100 p.
Grimley, D.A., 1998, Surficial geology of the Sugar Grove 7.5-minute Quadrangle, Kane County, Illinois: Reston, Virginia, USGS STATEMAP Program, scale 1:24,000.
Grimley, D.A., and B.B. Curry, 2001, Surficial geology map, Geneva Quadrangle, Kane and Du Page Counties, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geological Quadrangle Map, IGQ Geneva-SG, scale 1:24,000.
Hansel, A.K., and W.H. Johnson, 1996, Wedron and Mason Groups: Lithostratigraphic reclassification of deposits of the Wisconsin Episode, Lake Michigan Lobe area: Illinois State Geological Survey, Bulletin 104, 116 p.
Kemmis, T.J., 1978, Properties and origin of the Yorkville Till Member at the national accelerator site, northeastern Illinois: M.S. thesis, Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, 331 p.
Kemmis, T.J., 1981, Importance of the regelation process to certain properties of basal tills deposited by the Laurentide Ice Sheet in Iowa and Illinois, U.S.A., Annals of Glaciology, v. 2: Cambridge, England, International Glaciological Society, p. 147–152.
Landon, R.A., and J.P. Kempton, 1971, Stratigraphy of the glacial deposits at the National Accelerator Laboratory Site, Batavia, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Circular 456, 21 p.
McFadden, S.S., C.R. Gendron, and F.A. Stanke, 1989, Shallow groundwater resources assessment for the village of Montgomery, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Contract/Grant Report 1989:1, 17 p.
Soil Testing Services, Inc., 1969, 1970, Unpublished reports for the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory: Northbrook, Illinois, Soil Testing Services, Inc.
Wickham, S.S., W.H. Johnson, and H.D. Glass, 1988, Regional geology of the Tiskilwa Till Member, Wedron Formation, Northeastern Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Circular 543, 35 p.
Willman, H.B., and J.C. Frye, 1970, Pleistocene stratigraphy of Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Bulletin 94, 204 p.
Water wells
Shallow structural borings
Deep borings and outcrops with laboratory data
Data are labeled with county API numbers, unique numbers that identify records of water wells and borings available at the Geological Records Unit of the Illinois State Geological Survey. The location of every data point has been field verified.
Data PointsProduced by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with State of Illinois agencies
Control by USGS and NOS/NOAATopography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs taken 1963. Field checked 1964. Revised from aerial photographs taken 1988. Field checked 1991. Map edited 1993.
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: Illinois coordinate system, east zone (transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 16, shown in blue, 1927 North American Datum (NAD))
North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) is shown by dashed corner ticksThe values of the shift between NAD 27 and NAD 83 for 7.5-minute intersections are given in USGS Bulletin 1875
B. Brandon Curry
SURFICIAL GEOLOGY MAPAurora North Quadrangle,
Kane and Du Page Counties, Illinois
ILLINOIS
NATURALRESOURCES
DEPARTMENT OF
19 50
OE LOG GE IT CA AT LS SS UI
RO
VNI EL YLI
George H. Ryan, Governor
Department of Natural ResourcesBrent Manning, DirectorILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEYWilliam W. Shilts, ChiefIllinois Geological Quadrangle Map: IGQ Aurora North-SG2001
For further information about this map contact: ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 615 East Peabody Drive Champaign Illinois 61820-6964
(217)333-4747
http://www.isgs.uiuc.edu
Released by the authority of the State of Illinois: 2001
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Key to Moraines
Figure 1 Wisconsin Episode moraines in northeastern Illinois. Moraines, shown in blue and green, were formed near the terminus of glacial ice during various positions of the Lake Michigan Lobe. Glacial ice advanced in a westerly and southwesterly direction into Illinois from the Lake Michigan basin. The older moraines of this figure occur generally to the west and the younger moraines to the east. On this map, adapted from Willman and Frye (1970) and Hansel and Johnson (1996), Kane County is outlined in black, and the Aurora North Quadrangle is hachured in red.
N
Matrix-supported diamicton; matrix textures of clay, silty clay, and silty clay loam
Matrix-supported diamicton; matrix textures of loam, silt loam, sandy loam, clay loam, and silty clay loam
Thin layers of matrix-supported diamicton, fine sand, sand and gravel, and silt; the layers are usually less than 2 feet thick
Disturbed land; variable lithology
Sand and gravel
Gravel and boulders
Silt and clay
Estimated, queried, or approximated lithologic contact
Lithologic contact
Lithologic symbols for borings along cross sections
Other symbols in cross sections
waterdisturbed land moraine
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Materials Lithostratigraphic units Maximum and interpretations thickness
QUATERNARY DEPOSITSHudson Episode (postglacial)
Peat and muck; including interbedded sand, silty gp Grayslake Peat 40 feet at the Ironwoodclay, and marl; commonly associated with lake Decomposed wetland vegetation Subdivision, Southeasternsediments of the Equality Formation and sediment Aurora
Sand and gravel, and well-sorted sand adjacent c Cahokia Formation 10 feet adjacent to to streams, grading laterally to layered, organic-rich, Floodplain sediment Mill Creek; possiblyfossiliferous silt and clay; associated with the thicker along reachesEquality Formation of the Fox River
Hudson and Wisconsin Episodes
Silt and clay; layered to massive, thin beds of e Equality Formation 50 feet at Nelson Lake,sand are common; fossiliferous in many places; Lake deposits in kettles and other buried by Grayslake Peatunit present at surface, buried by postglacial depressions; also in valleys (northwestern part of map)sediment, and found intertonguing with sand of tributary to the Fox Riverthe Henry Formation
Wisconsin Episode (last glaciation)
Sand and gravel, or sand; contains lenses of silt h Henry Formation 30 feet along theand clay, or diamicton Outwash deposited along valleys Fox River
and beyond former glacier margins
Diamicton; silty clay, silty clay loam, and clay, ly Yorkville Member, 70 feet, forming thewith layers and lenses of sand and gravel or silt. Lemont Formation Minooka MoraineLayered diamicton, silt, and sand indicated Till and debris flow deposits west of the Fox Riveron lithologic logs on cross sections. Yellow-brown to olive where weathered; gray where unweathered
Diamicton; sandy loam, with abundant cobbles; lb Batestown Member, 40 feet, east ofincludes continuous layers and lenses of sand and Lemont Formation Nelson Lakegravel, or sand; brown to grayish pink Till and debris flow deposits
Buried deposits (cross sections only)Diamicton; loam to clay loam (roughly equal t Tiskilwa Formation 30 feet, east ofamounts of sand, silt, and clay in the < 2-mm matrix); Till and debris flow deposits Nelson Lakewith lenses of sand and gravel, or sand; pinkishbrown; compact
Silt and clay; organic-rich, black to dark brown; rr Robein Member, Roxana Silt 7 feet, east of leached of carbonate minerals; contains wood Pedogenically altered loess, Nelson Lakefragments loess and diamicton
Illinois Episode (next-to-last glaciation)
Diamicton; compact, sandy and bouldery with g Glasford Formation 100 feet in the abundant lenses of coarse sand, and gravel, or silt; Till and debris flow deposits, St. Charles andoccurs below buried organic-rich sediment of the outwash, and lacustrine sediments Aurora Bedrock ValleysRobein Member or compact diamicton of the Tiskilwa Formation in buried bedrock valleys;pinkish brown
PALEOZOIC BEDROCK
Dolomite with chert lenses; gray to yellowish brown, Kankakee and Joliet 35 feet of Silurian dolomitefossiliferous, vuggy; also shaly dolomite and brown Formations (Silurian); is exposed in quarries alongshale Maquoketa Group the Fox River
(Ordovician)
Scale 1:24,0000
0
0 2000 feet
2 kilometers
2 miles
Base map contour interval 10 feetBase map compiled at the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)
from digital data provided by the U.S. Geological Survey and the ISGS
1 Elburn2 Geneva3 West Chicago4 Sugar Grove5 Naperville6 Yorkville7 Aurora South8 Normantown
1 2 3
54
6 7 8
ADJOINING 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLES
�MN
GN
1°
0°52N
18 MILS16 MILS
UTM GRID AND 1993 MAGNETIC NORTHDECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
AcknowledgmentsFunding for mapping was provided by the Illinois State Geological Survey and the Kane County Forest Preserve. Initial research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, under USGS award number 1434-HQ-96-AG-01483.
I am grateful for the dedicated work of several ISGS employees, past and present, including Robert Gilkeson, Faith Fitzpatrick, Tim Larson, and John Kempton. For the careful review of the map, I give special thanks to Dave Larson, Don Luman, and Ardith Hansel.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON THE USE OF THESE MAPS AND OTHER MATERIALS
This document has been carefully reviewed and edited and meets the standards of the Illinois State Geological Survey with regard to scientific and technical quality and is suited to the purpose and the use intended by its authors. It presents reasonable interpretations of the geology of the area and is based on available data. However, the interpretations are based on data that may vary with respect to accuracy of geographic location, the type and quantity of data available at each location, and the reliability of the data sources. Consequently, the accuracy of unit boundaries and other features shown in this document varies from place to place. Variations in the texture, color, and other characteristics of unlithified glacial and nonglacial sediments can make it difficult to delineate unit boundaries, particularly those in the subsurface. Any map or cross section included in this document is not meant to be enlarged. Enlarging the scale of an existing map or cross section, by whatever means, does not increase the inherent accuracy of the information and scientific interpretations it portrays.
This document provides a large-scale conceptual model of the geology of the area on which to base further work. Any map or cross section included herein is not intended for use in site-specific screening or decision-making. Use of this document does not eliminate the need for detailed studies to fully understand the geology of a specific site. The Illinois State Geological Survey, the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, and the State of Illinois make no guarantee, expressed or implied, regarding the correctness of the interpretations presented in this document and accept no liability for the consequences of decisions made by others on the basis of the information presented here.
Recommended Citation
Curry, B.B., 2001, Surficial Geology Map, Aurora North Quadrangle, Kane and Du Page Counties, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geological Quadrangle Map, IGQ Aurora North-SG, 1:24,000.
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