Supporting multi screen in android

Supporting Multiple Screens in Android

Android多屏幕适配

Preface Author：

Ren Fei. Android developer Buding Mobile / Innovation Works

Announcement： 本 slide大量出现英文，都是我直接从原文 copy/paste过来的，英文水平有限也不知道该怎么翻，还望读者见谅。

本 slide内容全部来自互联网，以及我自己的一点臆想，如有错误，欢迎随便指出。

Origin of the problem

问题的由来

Fragmentation 上千种 android设备。

不同的平台版本。 不同的屏幕尺寸、分辨率。 不同的输入方式。

Platform version From v1.5 to v4.1. 8 main version. 14 sub version.

Screen sizes 2.6" HTC G16 3.2" 3.7" HTC G5/G7 4.0" 4.3" Samsung i9000/9100 7.0" 7.7" 8.9" Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1" Moto Xoom …..

Screen Resolution iPhone iPhone

320*480 640*960

iPad 1024*768 2048*1536

Screen Resolution Android QVGA 240*320 WQVGA 240*400 HVGA 320*480 WVGA 480*800 FWVGA 480*854 SVGA 600*800 DVGA 960*640 WSVGA 1024*600 WXGA 1280*768 qHD 540*960 HD 1280*720 ……

Screen RES. iPhone vs. Android

Android System Support

Android系统支持

What does android do ?

Some definition Screen resolution

480*800 Screen size

3.7" Screen density

252dpi

DPI(dots per inch), xdpi, ydpi DPI= RES. / SIZE

DIP (Density-independent pixel) px = dp * (dpi / 160)

Generalized SIZE/DPI Hdpi/mdpi/ldpi/xhdpi Small/normal/large/xlarge

Generalized DPI definition ldpi (Low density) 120 dpi 0.75 mdpi (Medium density) 160 dpi 1 hdpi (High density) 240 dpi 1.5 xhdpi(Extra-high density) 320 dpi 2

Generalized SIZE definition xlarge screens are at least 960dp x 720dp. large screens are at least 640dp x 480dp. normal screens are at least 470dp x 320dp. small screens are at least 426dp x 320dp.

(Android does not currently support screens smaller than this.)

RelationshipsRES. + SIZE DPI

DPI = RES. / SIZE

DPI G.DPI ?

SIZE G.SIZE ?

Some model

device RES. px SIZE DPI G.DPI RES. dp G.SIZE

HTC wildfire 240*320 2.8 in 140dpi ldpi 320*428dp small

HTC hero 320*480 3.2 in 180dpi mdpi 320*480dp normal

HTC desire 480*800 3.7 in 252dpi hdpi 320*533dp normal

Dell Streak 480*800 5.0 in 186dp mdpi 480*800dp large

HTC sensation 540*960 4.3 in 256dpi hdpi 360*640dp normal

Galaxy note 800*1280 5.3 in 284dpi xhdpi 400*640dp normal

HTC Flyer 600*1024 7.0 in 170dpi mdpi 600*1024dp large

Galaxy tab 600*1024 7.0 in 170dpi hdpi 400*682dp normal

Xoom 800*1280 10.1 in 150dpi mdpi 800*1280dp xlarge

DPI G.DPI G.DPI mostly can be inferred from DPI

But some G.DPI may be very different with the real dpi. Samsung galaxy tab has HDPI, but its real dpi is

170.

G.DPI, xdpi, ydpi are set by manufacturers.

Manufacturer will choose a G.DPI to make its UI looks the best.

SIZE G.SIZE Only SIZE is not enough to get G.SIZE.

G.SIZE can be infer from the RES. in dp unit.

RES.(px) + G.DPI RES.(dp) G.SIZE

Relationships RES. + SIZE DPI

DPI G.DPI (mostly)

G.DPI + RES. G.SIZE

Effect of G.DPI Developers do not need to care about real

density.

Different RES.(px). are aggregated to RES.(dp), which has a much smaller range. For example, some small/normal size device.device RES. px G.DPI RES. dp G.SIZE

HTC wildfire 240*320 ldpi 320*428dp small

HTC hero 320*480 mdpi 320*480dp normal

HTC desire 480*800 hdpi 320*533dp normal

HTC sensation 540*960 hdpi 360*640dp normal

Galaxy note 800*1280 xhdpi 400*640dp normal

Density independence The Android system scales dp units and

drawable res to appropriate size based on the G.DPI.

For example, a Button(100*100dp) and a icon image will looks nearly the same in different devices.

Support general handset

如何支持普通手机？

Handset features Small and Normal devices take over 90%. These devices are nearly all handset.

Handset qualifier G.SIZE: small/normal Default Orientation: portrait RES.(dp): 426dp x 320dp - 640dp x 480dp.

How to support? Develop a scalable app.

Use wrap_content, fill_parent. Use dp not px. Use LinearLayout/RelativeLayout, not

AbsoluteLayout. Provide different drawables for different dpi. Use more 9-patch drawable. …

A simple demo

320*480px mdpi

480*800px hdpi

540*960px hdpi

720*1280px xhdpi

Support more devices(handset & tablet)

如何支持更多的设备？

The first guideline Develop one app for all devices.

There is no dividing line between handsets and tablets. Maintaining multi apps for different devices is not working well.

Official Guidelines Build your activity designs based on

fragments Use the action bar Implement flexible layouts

Implement flexible layouts How to implement flexible layouts in one app?

Official answer: Think like a web designer.

Responsive web design Build something that works on any possible

width or device instead of something that works on all current widths and devices.

Use css3 media queries to implement. Usually combine with fluid web design.

Media queries Sample:

<link media="screen and (max-device-width: 800px)" href=“common.css" />

Media queries contain two components: A media type. (screen, print) A media feature(max-device-width) and query

value(800px).

Use media queries to filter css depend on device info.

Website demo http://www.alistapart.com/d/responsive-web-d

esign/ex/ex-site-FINAL.html Use 3 media queries to divide consistent width

to 4 part.

@media (max-width: 400px) @media (max-width: 600px) @media (min-width: 1300px)

Responsive mobile design Same content, same logical, but different

representation.

Use configuration qualifiers, especially screen size qualifiers to provide different layout for different devices.

Configuration qualifiers Screen Size:

Small/normal/large/xlarge Density:

Ldpi/mdpi/hdpi/xhdpi… Orientation:

Port/land Platform version:

V3/v4/v11/v13… Language:

En/fr…

New screen size qualifiers Smallest Width

sw600dp Available Width

w600dp Available height

h600dp

Web design vs Android design CSS vs Layout

CSS pixel vs Dip Ems vs Sp CSS3 media query vs Configuration qualifiers

Fluid web design vs Scalable design Responsive web design vs Responsive mobile

design

App demos IOSched2011 IOSched2012 Google Play

IOSched2011 3 fragments 4 layouts

IOSched2011 layout/ layout-land/

IOSched2011 layout-xlarge-land-v11/ layout-

xlarge-v11

IOSched2012 4 fragments 4 layouts

IOSched2012

IOSched2012 layout/

layout-land/

IOSched2012 layout-large-v11/ layout-large-

land-v11/

Google Play Version: 3.4.4 4 layouts generic_details.xml

Google Play layout/ layout-land/

Google Play layout-w600dp-h540dp/ layout-

w800dp-h540dp/

UI Design Patterns

UI设计模式

Android UI design patterns A UI design pattern describes a general

solution to a recurring question.

Mature UI patterns have flexible layouts towards different devices. They are self-adaptive to multi-screen.

Here we introduce some useful patterns. Action Bar Workspace Dashboard Slide navigation

Action Bar Replace the old TitleBar. Many functions:

Menu Search Navigation

Tab Spinner Up

Action Mode Split Action Bar

Action Bar Navigation(Tab)

Action Bar Navigation(Spinner)/Split Action Bar/Action

Mode

Action Bar

Workspace A scrollable TabView. Could combine with ActionBar.

Workspace

Dashboard Acted as the landing page and holds all main

functions.

Dashboard

Slide navigation Could replace the Dashboard. Make the navigation easier. Appearance is better in tablets.

Slide navigation

Conclusion Density independence in android could

handles most of work to adapt apps to each devices.

What you should do is supporting flexible, dynamic layouts.(think like a web designer)

Remember developing one app for all devices.

Follow platform guideline and use more UI design patterns.

The End

Thanks for watching

Contact

欢迎各种交流与切磋@RenfeiEmail： [email protected]

期待你的加入，与布丁一起创造、成长！Welcome to Buding Mobile（布丁移动）Contact： [email protected]

Reference http://android-developers.blogspot.com/ https://developer.android.com/ http://www.pushing-pixels.org/ http://www.androiduipatterns.com/ http://androidniceties.tumblr.com/ http://en.wikipedia.org/ http://www.alistapart.com/articles/responsive-

web-design/ http://opensignalmaps.com/reports/

fragmentation.php

Q&A Email: [email protected]

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