Supernova Science with a WFIRST Nearby Galaxy GO Programsn2016.cl/documents/0810-Wednesday/09-Schuyler_Van_Dyk.pdfSupernova Science with a WFIRST Nearby Galaxy GO Program Schuyler

SupernovaSciencewithaWFIRSTNearbyGalaxyGOProgram

SchuylerD.VanDyk(IPAC/Caltech,USA)

BasedonanelementofaSITproposalledbyJaniceLee(STScI)andDanielDale(UWyoming)

Nick,early80’s

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(1983March)

WhatisWFIRST?•  NASAWide-FieldInfraRedSurveyTelescope(WFIRST)–Astrophysics

FocusedTelescopeAssets(AFTA):2.4-mprimary•  Topspace-basedpriorityofUS2010DecadalReport•  WideFieldInstrument(WFI)andCoronagraphInstrument(CGI)•  ScienceDrivers:

o  DarkEnergy§  TypeIaSNeSurveyPerlmuYerSIT(Phillips,Suntzeff,Howell,Hsiao,Wang,Burns,SVD)FoleySIT(Jha,Kelly,Rest)§  HighLabtudeSurvey

o  Exoplanets§  Microlensing§  DirectImaging

o  GuestObserverProgram(≥25%ofthebme)o  GuestInvesDgatorProgram

•  6-YearBaselineMission,launching≈2025

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AWFIRSTNearbyGalaxyGOprogram

•  AdesignreferencemissionforahypothebcalprogramtoimagewithWFIacompleteorrepresentabvesampleofgalaxies,spanningfromtheMagellanicCloudsoutto10—15Mpc

•  WFI:0.76—2.0µm,0.281deg2,0.11”/pixel•  SuchaLocalVolumeGalaxysurveywillseedanenormousrangeofGO/GIscience

•  OnesuchaspectcouldbeDmedomainscience:transientdiscovery,monitoring,andanalysis

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TransientsDetectablewithWFIRSTinaNearbyGalaxyProgram

•  Cepheids&long-periodvariables•  Luminousnovae

•  Luminousbluevariables

Ø Outbursts/erupbons(“SNimpostors”)

•  Supernovae*

•  ….

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*especiallyvaluableatlatebmes

Parbcularly,TypeIaSupernovae•  TheNIRisanimportantwindowtoexamine,andstandardize,theirbehavior

(e.g.,Wood-Vaseyetal.2008;Mandeletal.2009,2011;Barone-Nugentetal.2012;

KaYneretal.2012;Friedmanetal.2015)

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Also,Core-CollapseSupernovae•  Thepossiblepresenceofdustordustformabon

(e.g.,Gerardyetal.2000;Foxetal.2009;Szalai&Vinko2013)

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SNIIn2005ip

Intermediate-LuminosityOpbcalTransients(ILOTs)

•  ObjectssimilartoSN2008SandNGC300-OT1

•  Red-to-NIRparbcularlyuseful,sinceILOTsshowIRexcesses

(Borcellaetal.2009;Bergeretal.2009)

(e.g.,Thompsonetal.2009)

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NGC300-OT1

IdealPlasormtolookfor“failedsupernovae”

•  Redsupergiantsthatsimplyvanish

(Kochaneketal.2008;Gerkeetal.2015;Reynoldsetal.2015)

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TransientsPhaseSpace

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(e.g.,Kulkarni&Kasliwal2009;Nugent2015)

Howtoexecutetheprogram•  Builddeeper,coaddedstacksthroughaseriesofshorter,ditheredexposures

•  Exposuresshouldbeobtainedoveranextendedbmeframeandbeofanon-uniformcadence

•  Opbmizingthecadence:amixedsequenceofrapid,hour-today-longintervalsandlonger,days-toweeks-longintervals

•  Fastercadenceidealfor,e.g.,fast-evolvingluminousnovae(e.g.,Czekalaetal.2013)

•  LongercadencebeYerfor,e.g.,Cepheidperiods(e.g.,Freedmanetal.2001)

•  Opbmizebandsforcolorandluminositycharacterizabon

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PrecursorDatabase•  DeepstackswillbeawonderfularchivaldatabasefortransientprecursoridenKficaKon

•  Mostcore-collapseSNprogenitorsareredoryellowsupergiants

•  PrecursorsofILOTsmaybeintrinsicallydust-obscured,soNIRisparbcularlyvaluable

(e.g.,Prietoetal.2008;Bergeretal.2009;Kochanek2011)

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PrecursorDatabase(2)SNProgenitorIdenbficabon:WhatwecandotodaywithHST

(although,thisisnotaRSGorYSG….)

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PrecursorDatabase(3)WhatowenisthecasewithHST…

archivalWFPC2imageofUGC8041

PosibonofSNII-P2016X

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…shouldn’tbeanissuewithWFIRST

M83overlaycourtesyJaniceLee&DavidThilker

PrecursorDatabase(4)•  ParbcularlyusefulforSNIaprogenitorcharacterizabon

Progenitor system constraints in a Hertzsprung–Russell (HR) diagram

SN2011feinM101Deepnon-detecKoninpre-SNHSTimages(Lietal.2011)

(also,Kellyetal.2014forSN2014JinM82)

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HSTGO-14704(PI:Conroy)“AYearintheWhirlpool”

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68orbits,ACS+WFC3F606W,F814W,F110W34randomly-spacedvisitsover365days“tomaintainsensibvitytoawiderangeof

variablestarperiodsandtransients”

Conroyprogramfootprint

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SN2005cs

SN2011dh

SN1994I

Summary

•  TimedomainshouldbeanintegralpartofanyGONearbyGalaxiesprogram

•  Opbmizabonofcadence,depth,andwavelengthcoverage•  MayneedtoincludeGOprogram(s)dedicatedtofollow-upofSNeand

othertransientsinnearbygalaxies•  DeepstackswillbeofincrediblevalueforGIscience

•  WFIRSTiscomplementarytoLSSTfortransient/supernovascienceØ  WFIRSTwillprovidestability,superiorangularresolubon,accessto

dec>+10°,andcoverageto2µmØ  LSSTwillprovidethevitalopbcalcomponent

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