SUPERB ENGLISH SUPERB ENGLISH

GRAMMARSUPERB ENGLISH

GRAMMARSUPERB ENGLISH

BOOK-5Author

Mrs. Rakhi JhaM.A. (English)

B. Ed.

Designed by:Paarth Creations

Compositor:Khushnoodul Haqe

M.A. (English)

TENSESNOUN

VERB

PRONOUN

ADJECTIVE

ADVERB

PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

PRPRPRPRPPPPPMPMADADADDV RBRB

2 PM Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Grammar Book-5

First Edition : 2016

Reprint : 2020

© 2016 by PM Publishers Pvt. Ltd.All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted or

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PMP

an tha

aarth C

3Superb English Grammar - 5

Preface

‘Superb English Grammar

Mrs. C.M. PatelMrs. Neeta Dua

MRS. RAKHI JHA

PMP

4

ContentsS. No Particulars Page No.1. Let’s Revise 52. Alphabetical Order 103. The Sentence 124. Subject and Predicate 155. Kinds of Sentences 186. Nouns 227. Nouns : Number 288. Nouns : Gender 339. Nouns Possession 3610. Verbs : Transitive and Intransitive 3911. Simple Present Tense 4712. Adjectives 5113. Degrees of Comparison 5614. Articles 6215. Pronouns 6616. Simple Past Tense 7317. Present and Past Continuous Tense 7818. Prepositions 8219. Present and Past Perfect Tense 8620. Conjunctions 8921. Adverbs 9322. Simple Future Tense and Future

Continuous Tense 9623. Punctuation 10024. Homophones 10525. Synonyms and Antonyms 10826. Comprehension 11227. Paragraph Writing 11628. Letter Writing 11829. Formative Activities 12130. Mixed Bag 125

e and Intrant Ten

of Comparison

ronSimple Past TensPresent and Past C

8. Preposition19. Present and P20. Conjunctions1.

SiCo


Let’s ReviseLet’s Revise1

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise what they learnt last year.

1. yachting, skiing, archery, discuss throw, polo, badminton

2. Myanmar, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, China

4. celery, carrots, cabbage, ginger, garlic, string beans

5. protect, pollute, preserve, pollution, protection, preservation

1. Drink plenty of water. 2. Do you turn the tap off while brushing your teeth? 3. I use a sprinkler rather than a hose to water my plants. 4. Oh no! This tap is leaking. 5. We should avoid junk food. 6. Don’t eat too much fried food.

PPPPPMPMPMPPMPMPMPPMPMPM

ery, discuss thro

MMMNepal, Bangla

PMPMMPPrrots, P


1. Using a carpool is one of the best ways to save environment.

2. I would like to have a strawberry shake and a vegetable sandwich.

3. Ravi and his friend went to the supermarket.

4. Most of the students are afraid of exams.

5. Managing your time effectively is an important part of studying.

6. Parents should stop comparing their children with other students.

1. I take exercise daily. Simple present tense

Negative : I don’t take exercise daily.

Interrogative : Do I take exercise daily?

2. She joins a study group for revision.

Negative :

Interrogative :

3. He managed his time effectively.

Negative :

Interrogative :

4. Bhawna is preparing for exams.

Negative :

Interrogative :

5. Manu will borrow Ruskin Bond’s book from library.

Negative :

Interrogative :

6. They were watching a reality show.

Negative :

Interrogative :

PP

PMPrcise daily.

xercise daily?

sion.

MPMPMs time effectively

PM: Ping fo


1. I, me, mine, my

2. They, their, theirs, them

3. We, ours, our, us

4. prettily, pretty, prettier, prettiest

5. happy, happily, happiest, happier

1. He an intense chest pain yesterday. 2. He not feeling well so we took him to a doctor. 3. I an I-Pod. I keep it carefully. 4. I waiting for you at the entrance of the hall. Come fast. 5. There

minister did not come. 6. He some passes for the show. I will go with him. 7. Dancing _________ a very good form of exercise. Exercises good

for health. 8. India friendly relations with most of the neighbouring countries.

movie, young, them, arrive, him, behind, country, best, easily, rarely, of, ouch, sugar, oh, explain, because, call, until, ours, among, so, never, hello, easy

Parts of speech

ADJECTIVE

PRONOUN

VERB

NOUN

Parts of speech

INTERJECTION

PREPOSITION

CONJUNCTION

ADVERB

PPPPMP

PMMrs, them

ur, us

ty, prettier,

happi

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRPPIIITTTTTTTIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOO


1. A (pack/troupe) of wolves attacked the deer.

2. I (catch/caught) the last bus and went home.

3. Mt Everest is the (higher/highest) mountain peak in the world.

4. Please open (the/a) window.

5. The weather is awful (today/yesterday)

6. He was sure (that/until) he would be selected in the team.

8. I don’t agree (with/over) you.

1. My dentist checks my teeth and gums. (simple past tense)

2. I am reading my e-mails. (past continuous tense)

3. He will send your books. (simple present tense)

4. Sam woke up early in the morning. (simple present tense)

5. She discusses her problems with the teacher. (present continuous tense)

6. He wastes his time. (simple future tense)

7. They were looking for a new house in our colony. (present continuous tense)

8. I treat the people politely. (simple future tense)

PPPPMPMPMMPMPPPPPP

ms. (simple pas

MPontinuous tense)

Mbooks. (simplee ppresen

PMthe morning.upp early in Plemoobbll


1. Do you turn the tap off when soaping or scrubbing dishes?

2. Do you remember to switch off the lights and fans while leaving the room?

3. Do you throw empty bottles or wrappers on the road?

4. Do you still use plastic carry bags?

6. Do you reuse old books, newspaper, etc.?

7. Do you segregate biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste before throwing it into public dustbin?

8. Do you donate your old books, toys, clothes, etc., to the needy?

Soloman (be) a king known for his intelligence. One day, the Queen of Sheeba (come) to test his wisdom. She

of one pot (be) real. The (be)

(ask) the

touching them.

King Soloman (look) at

honey bees Then Solomon (tell) the answer to the queen. She (be) impressed with the wisdom of the king Solomon.

PMPMPMPPMMMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMMMMMM

-biodegrustbin

clothes, etc., t

be) a king be) a One day, the ne day, the

PM (come) (come)

he he PMP (be) real (bPM


Alphabetical OrderAlphabetical Order

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise the alphabetical order.

2. revere, praise, idolize, applaud, iconize, appreciate

3. enhance, boost, raise, magnify, elevate, improve

5. furious, angry, enraged, violent, infuriated, wrathful

6. gallant, brave, valiant, courageous, fearless, daring

7. honest, trustworthy, reliable, genuine, truthful, ethical

8. risky, dangerous, unsafe, hazardous, perilous, dicey

2

PPPPPMPMPMPPMPPMPMPMPPMMPMPP

e, applaud,

MMMost, raise, m

PMPMPP


1. futile

2. evacuate

3. trendy

4. embellish

5. aromatic

6. eloquent

7. dexterous

8. feeble

9. horrible

10. judicious

11. delighted

12. stubborn

13. humiliate

14. lenient

15. motivate

PMPPPMPMPMPMPMPP


Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

The SentenceThe Sentence3

In this unit, students will revise and expand their knowledge about sentences. They will also know about phrases.

1. What do you

2. What do you expect from me?

3. Honey is a

4. Honey is a natural and healthy sweetener.

5. Some salt give me

6. Please pass me some salt.

7. How dedicated you are!

8. you are

9. I good sense of humour have a

10. I have a good sense of humour.

1. Memorize these poems. (Statement/Imperative) 2. Can you memorize these poems? (Interrogative/Imperative) 3. Stop. (Statement/Imperative)

PMPom me? om me?

ural and healthy sweeteneural and healthy sweetene

ive me ive m

e some salt. e some sa

ou are! ou are


4. What a noise you are making! (Imperative/Exclamatory) 5. Why are you making a noise? (Imperative/Interrogative) 6. I can’t tolerate so much noise. (Statement/Exclamatory)

2. All of us have b. before your dreams can come true.

3. A teacher takes a hand, c. teacher can never be erased.

4. Arise, awake and stop d. your last mistake.

5. You have to dream e. not until the goal is achieved.

6. Success is when your f. lead to beautiful destinations.

7. Your best teacher is g. ‘signature’ changes into ‘autograph’.

1. out/book/turn/Take/your/at/and/page 10 (Imperative)

Take out your book and turn at page 10.

2. don’t/carefully/you/Why/listen (Interrogative)

3. leave/dishes/I/table/the/don’t/on/dirty (Statement)

4. and/in/quietly/Come/sit (Imperative)

5. often/to/movies/go/We/see (Statement)

6. you/sweets/Did/buy/me/for (Interrogative)

The/faulty/is (Statement)

PPPMPMPMMP

ad to bead to be

‘signature’ cha‘signature’ PPPPPPMPMP/Take/your/at/and/pag

ur book and turn at pagep g

ully/you/WPe/the


8. home/sunset/before/Come (Imperative)

9. want/do/What/you (Interrogative)

10. off/Please/switch/fan/the (Imperative)

1. do not (command)

2. who will (question)

3. does not (statement)

4. in the class (statement)

5. in the class (question)

6. how lucky (exclamation)

7. solve this (command)

8. can solve (statement)

9. what a (exclamation)

10. what do you (question)

1. made of wool 5. behind the curtain

2. twice a day 6. good for health

3. without any fear 7. tomorrow morning

4. in perfect shape 8. respected by all

Pation)

u (question)


Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

Subject and PredicateSubject and Predicate4

In this unit, students will revise the concept of subject and predicate and practise identifying the subject and predicate in a sentence.

1. Samrat studies in Little Flowers Public Sr. Sec School.

2. The school is situated at Shahadra in Delhi.

3. It is one of the most reputed schools in Delhi.

4. Almost all the parents want their children to study in this school.

5. The students of this school are very diligent and successful in life.

6. I also studied in the same school.

Subject Predicate 1. We should follow the rules for our safety. 2. Rashmi and I went for a walk. 3. Most of the boys were present yesterday. 4. Mr Gupta’s showroom will be inaugurated by Kapil Dev.

Little Flower Public

Sr. Sec School

PMPowers Public Sr. Sec Schooublic Sr. Sec Scho

at Shahadra in Delhi.at Shahadra in Delhi.

ost reputed schools in Delhost reputed schools in D

e parents want their childre parents want their childris school.is sch

ol are ven life.n life.

same samePMPof this school of this schP


5. Mona, Sangam and Aarti have planned a reunion for their batchmates. 6. This book has many interesting features.

1. On the table lay all her toys.

3. In a very dark cave lived a pack of wolves.

1. Come here. (You) Come here.

2. Don’t disturb others.

3. Please allow me to speak.

1. Honesty is the best policy.2. My favourite indoor game is scrabble.3. Why are your clothes so dirty?4. My mother has a diamond necklace.5. He would set an alarm to wake up on time.6. Read all the major articles in the newspaper.7. I read all the major articles.8. The gulmohar tree behind my house is much bigger than the lime tree.9. Tell me about your vacation.10. Against the wall stood the poor child.11. The duck along with its ducklings swam across the river.12. The stories printed in this book are amazing.13. Beware of pick pockets.14. The water in the pond is dirty.

PPPPMPou) Come here.u) Come here.

ak.ak.

best poloor ga

s so d


Subjects Predicates

1. Birds a. is Rudyard Kipling.

2. Most of the people b. was invented by Alfred Nobel.

3. Dynamite c. are closed.

4. Telephone d. was pushing the door.

6. Someone f. is the largest continent in the world.

7. The shops on the street g. like to talk about others.

8. Asia h. was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.

1. is the most active student in our class. 2. don’t put all your eggs in one basket. 3. is the capital of Punjab. 4. am always punctual. 5. are good for health. 6. were white washing the fence. 7. was known as ‘Netaji’. 8. was known as the ‘Iron Man of India’. 9. always be regular and punctual. 10. speak the truth.

1. Hindi

2. The sun

3. This book

4. Very few friends

5. We

6. The girls sitting behind me

7. Children

8. J.K. Rowling

PMP

inventedinvented

ctive student in our classctive student in ut all your eggs in one baskall your eggs in

e capital of Punjab.of Punjaam always punctual.m always punctual.

P are good for health. are good for health.

P were white washing were white washing

P was known as ‘Nwas known as ‘P was known a waP always b alspeakspea

PPP


Kinds of SentencesKinds of Sentences

A sentence may convey:

(ii) a question(iii) a command, request, advice or suggestion(iv) a strong feeling

1. I bought a pretty dress.2. What’s the cost of this dress?3. Look at this dress.4. How expensive the dress is!

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

5

In this unit, students will revise the kinds of sentences and learn to frame different kinds of sentences.

Assertive sentences/Declarative Sentences/Statements:

1. Grammar skills are important to be an effective speaker.

2. Practice makes a man perfect.

PMP

t, advice or suggestiondvice or suggesti

retty dress.retty dress.

Pof this dress?of this


3. We should not get distracted while studying.

4. A rainbow has seven colours.

5. I am feeling tired.

6. I revise my lessons regularly.

Interrogative sentences:

1. Is there a smartboard in your class room?

2. When will you buy a new bicycle?

3. Can you swim?

4. How many colours does a rainbow have?

5. What is your hobby?

6. Have you ever been to France?

Imperative sentences:

1. Obey your elders.

3. Go to nearby places on foot.

4. Look at the rainbow.

5. Take exercise daily.

6. Don’t be lazy.

Exclamatory Sentences:

1. How nice of you!

2. Well done!

3. What a great invention it is!

4. How beautiful the rainbow is!

5. How tired I am!

6. Wow! This book is awesome.

1. Is Mr Sharma your neighbour?

2. Astha gave me a watch on my birthday.

3. How are you travelling?

PMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

PMPMPMPMPMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMPMPPPPP

e sentences:e sentences:

n foot.

w.

daily

zy.

Exclamat


4. Disha and Ashta are going by car.

5. Wow! You play the drums so well.

6. What happened to you?

7. Water the plants regularly.

8. That’s a brilliant idea!

9. It rains heavily in rainy season.

10. You will fall ill if you play in the rain.

11. Don’t play in the rain.

12. What a fantastic show the children put up!

13. Look before you leap.

14. He can’t make such a silly mistake.

15. Does Aryan play the guitar?

1. honest 2. beautiful. 3. wisdom 4. look

1. honest

(i) Assertive : Rajan was an honest person.

(ii) Interrogative : Is he an honest person?

(iii) Imperative : Always be honest.

(iv) Exclamatory : What an honest leader he was!

2. beautiful

(i) Assertive :

(ii) Interrogative :

(iii) Imperative :

(iv) Exclamatory :

3. wisdom

(i) Assertive :


PMMMMPMMPMPPPautif l 3. w d

: Rajan was an hone: Rajan was an hj

ve : Is he an honestve : Is he an honest

: Always be: A

What aWha


(iii) Imperative :

(iv) Exclamatory :

4. look

(i) Assertive :


(iii) Imperative :

(iv) Exclamatory :

1. Your sister won a medal a. Oh no!

2. You get a gift b. Be careful!

3. You tread on some broken glass c. Thanks a lot!

4. Your team lost the match d. Ouch!

5. A child is about to stumble e. Well done!

PMPd

MMMMM


NounsNouns

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

6

In this unit, students will revise the kinds of nouns they studied earlier. They will also learn abstract noun.

S. No. LetterName of a person

(Common/Proper)

Name of the place

Name of animal/bird

Name of thing

1. S Samarth Singapore Sheep Ship2. A3. R4. K5. E6. D7. G8. C9. F10. B11. H12. I13. M14. N15. P

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMP

PMPMMMPMMMPMPMPMPMPMPMPPPMMPMMMPMPMPMPMPMPMPPPPPPPerson

mmon/Proper)

Name of tplace

Samarth Singa


a band of musicians

a team of players

a quiver of arrows

a litter of puppies

a school of whales

a brood of chicks

a board of directors

a heap of rubbish

a troop of monkeys

a pride of lions

a gang of robbers

a pack of cards/wolves

a deck of cards

a bunch of keys/grapes

an army of soldiers

a panel of experts

a of birds

a gaggle of geese

a choir of singers

a troupe of actors/singers

a swarm of bees

a shoal

1. Pune, Darjeeling, Coimbatore, Dehradun city

2. Maharashtra, Kerala, Punjab, Bihar

3. Saturday, Thursday, Friday, Wednesday

4. Nile, Amazon, Yamuna, Brahmaputra

5. Sonu Nigam, Atif Aslam, Shreya Ghoshal, Arijit Singh

6. William Wordsworth, John Keats, W.B.Yeats, Sarojini Naidu

7. April, July, September, December

8. Bhagat Singh, Lala Lajpat Rai, Raj Guru, Chandra Shekhar Azad

PMP

PMMPPP

a

a

a

a

s/singers

es


H E A P O T E A M F

E S W A R M O P I L

R A O C H O I R N O

D T I K O L T I B C

C L U S T E R D U K

H O U H S E O E N T

S C H O O L U N C R

O M G A N G P O H B

B O W L O G E M O B

B U N D L E E N T E

1. Your favourite teacher 2. Your best friend 3. Your favourite subject 4. Your favourite sports person 5. The newspaper you read at home 6. The planet nearest to the Earth 7. The historical monument you recently visited 8. The present President of India 9. The present Prime Minister of India 10. The present Chief Minister of your state.

anthology, suite, clump, mob, herd, colony, regiment, audience

1. The rabbits hid behind a c of trees.

2. I saw a c of ants in the forest.

3. Harsh has got an a of poems composed by his mom.

4. The a clapped after the performance.

PPPPPPPPMPPPMPMMPPPPPPMPPPPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMMMMMPMPPMPMMMPPPMPPMPMPMPMMMMMPMMMMMMMPMPMMMMPMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMPMMMMPMPPMMMMMMMMMMPMMMMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPPPPPMPMMMPMPPPMMMMPMMPMPMPMPPPPMPMPMMMPMPMMMMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

O T E A

M O P

O C H O I R

T I K O L

C L U S T

H O U H S

C

G


5. They booked a s

6. The m damaged the trains.

7. The r of soldiers marched forward.

8. A h

1. I am afraid of darkness.

2. Honesty is the best policy.

3. Knowledge is power.

4. The intelligence of the girl surprised the villagers.

5. Poverty is a curse.

6. Strength is life, weakness is death. — Swami Vivekanand

7. Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man. —Swami Vivekanand

8. To succeed in your mission, you must have single–minded devotion to your goal. —Dr APJ Abdul Kalam

Abstract Nouns-ness softness, happiness, kindness, laziness, cheapness-ion reaction, rejection, celebration, information-y,-ry,-ty bravery, jealousy, honesty, safety, unity-ment punishment, enjoyment, appointment, agreement-th birth, depth, length, truth, youth, health-sion decision, omission, invasion, provision-ship friendship, hardship-ity equality, reality, ability, stupidity

PMPMP

ag

Swami Vivekana Swami Vivek

of the of the perfectionperfection alread

on, you must have single–must have singlKalamKalam


Verb Abstract nouns

1. advise bravery

2. live speech

3. know hatred

4. practise advice

5. brave laughter

6. hate thought

7. punish life

8. speak practice

9. think punishment

10. choose knowledge

11. laugh invitation

12. invite choice

1. King Soloman was known for his wisdom.

2. We should give importance to cleanliness.

3. He was very naughty in his childhood.

4. India got freedom on 15th August, 1947.

5. I followed the advice of Mr Bajaj.

6. She has a huge collection of stamps.

7. Practice gives perfection.

8. His speech was inspiring.

9. What is the weight of this box?

10. Wastage of food should not be done.

prapr

punishmpu

knowled

inviin

an was known for his wisdan was known for his wi

ive importance to cleive importa

ghty in his cghty in

15t15t

PPPPPPPPPPPPPM


1. cowardice - 6. falsehood - 2. foolishness - 7. arrival - 3. death - 8. weakness - 4. absence - 9. construction - 5. slavery - 10. cruelty -

BRAVE LIFE DEPARTURE LOVE

BRAVERY DESTRUCTION KINDNESS KIND

DEPART TRUTH HATE FREEDOM

STRONG WISDOM WISE STRENGTH

FREE PRESENCE TRUE

1. deep 7. die 2. attract 8. treat 3. loyal 9. popular 4. invent 10. wise 5. true 11. blind 6. equal 12. move

PMMMPMPMPMPMMPMPMPMPMPMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMPMPMMMPMPMPMPPPPPPPPP

falsehoo7. 7. val 8. 8. weakn

M9. 9. const

M10. 10. cruelty

PM7. 7. PMPPP


Nouns : NumberNouns : Number

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

7

In this unit, students will revise countable and uncountable nouns. They will also revise how to form plural nouns and learn a bit of subject-verb agreement.

1. coffee 6. sugar 11. cream

2. toffee 7. coin 12. earrings

3. brick 8. oil 13. salt

4. ice-cubes 9. tea 14. air

5. cement 10. gold 15. ice

Tip of the dayPPMP

PPPMPPPMPPMf the day


Singular Plural Singular Plural

bed beds house houses

rose roses bus buses

door doors year years


bunch bunches dress dresses

church churches class classes

bush bushes box boxes

dish dishes fox foxes


tomato tomatoes mango mangoes

hero heroes mosquito mosquitoes


knife knives leaf leaves

calf calves thief thieves

half halves life lives

PPPPPPMPMPPMMPMPMMPP

yea

Sing

dr

rche las

shes

dishes

P

toma



army armies lady ladies

baby babies diary diaries

city cities story stories


boy boys toy toys

key keys valley valleys

Singular Plural Singular Pluralchild children ox oxen

man men tooth teeth woman women goose geese louse lice grown-up grown-ups passer-by passers-by son-in-law sons-in-law foot feet mouse mice

1. shelf 5. piano 9. egg

2. child 6. ox 10. buffalo

3. peach 7. hobby 11. passer-by

4. lady 8. sandwich 12. knife

1. wolves 7. torches

2. holes 8. daughters-in-law

3. fairies 9. feet

4. lice 10. women

5. storeys 11. leaves

6. mice 12. stories

PPMP

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMPPMPPngulo

tooos

lice gropassers-by

feet

P 6.


1. A litter of was eating food. (puppy)

2. The were playing with kittens. (puppy)

3. The building has four . (storey)

4. That book has funny . (story)

5. is God. (Child)

6. Her is made of silk. (scarf)

7. Some were sitting in the . (woman, auditorium)

8. Take off your before entering the room. (shoe)

9. A range of was covered with snow. (mountain)

10. I saw a pride of in the Gir Sanctuary. (lion)

11. A choir of was performing on the stage. (singer)

12. were singing melodiously. (singer)

13. I keep my books on these . (shelf)

14. These are new. (glove)

15. Show me your . (diary)

1. The baby is smiling. ( The babies are smiling ). 2. The passer-by was relaxing under a tree. 3. We pay tax to the government. 4. This is an active volcano. 5. The lady had worn a pair of goggles. 6. The bunny was scared of the wolf. 7. He welcomed the guest. 8. The jeweller made an ornament.

Tip of the day

•

• PPPMPMP

ith snth sn

Gir SanctuaryGir Sanctuar

rforming on the stageorming on the

melodiously. (singer)melodiously. (sin

MP. (shelf)(shelf

are new. (glove)are new. (glove)

PM. (diary). (diary)

PMPMPPPPPy


deer – deer sheep – sheep series – series

1. His steps-daughter are nice.

2. I am combing my hairs.

4. His foots got injured in an accident.

5. My trousers is tight.

6. The thiefs were stealing money.

8. There are three mouses in the mouse trap.

1. The 2. The laid a golden egg. (goose) 3. Write an in your notebook. (essay) 4. The teacher is checking the written by students. (essay) 5. These are famous for quality education. (university) 6. All the won by students are decorated in

the reception. (trophy) 7. Ayush won a in a painting competition. (trophy) 8. Sarthak and Neerav are participating in many . (quiz)

PMPMPMMMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPPPMPMPPPMPMPPPMPMPPMMMM

uses in the mouse tra

PP laid a goldlaP in ng thng th


Nouns : GenderNouns : Gender

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

8

In this unit, students will revise feminine, masculine, common and neuter gender. They will also revise how to change the gender of a noun and use correct pronoun according to the gender.

2. She is a great artist. Look at her paintings.3. He went to see the castle where the Czar and Czarina live.4. The wizard turned the doe rabbit into a ball.5. My friends take care of their maid-servants and give their sons and daughters

books to read.

S. No. Masculine Feminine Common Neuter1 father - teacher2 - she artist paintings3 he, czar Czarina - castle4 wizard doe rabbit - ball

5 sons maid-servants, daughters friends books

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMPk at her paintings.k at her paintings.

stle where the Czar and Cztle where the Czar and Cd the doe rabbit into a ball.oe rabbit into a

e care of their maid-servane care of their maid-servand.d. PMPPMPPPMPuline


colt, witch, shoes, cousin, house, duke, doctor, milkmaid, pupil, widow, cook, pen, empress, waitress, watch, bachelor, guest, host, road, widower

Masculine Feminine Common Neuter

hen, niece, drake, ewe, lass, billy-goat, duke, saleswoman, doe, waiter,

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine

1. hind 9. bride

2. duchess 10. mother-in-law

3. rooster 11. lad

4. buck 12. countess

5. duck 13. waitress

6. colt 14. nephew

7. nanny-goat 15. salesman

8. gander 16. ram

1. The hunters attacked the he-bear and vixen.

2. The washerman saved the son of a priestess.

3. The drake was feeding its ducklings.

4. The farmer had a colt and a he-goat.

5. The wizard turned the boy into a doe-rabbit.

PMPMMMMPMPMMMMPMPMPMPMPPPPPP

y-goat, duke, sa

nine Ma

hind hind 9. 9.

duchess duchess 1P P

uck uck

MM


6. The headmaster called my mother to talk about my progress.

7. The emperor and his man servant went for a walk.

8. The prince was riding his horse.

9. My nephew is a schoolmaster.

10. The landlady asked the milkman to bring milk.

11. His stepfather was a gentleman.

12. The bridegroom was receiving the guests.

Tip of the day

1. He is a witch.

2. He respected her mother.

3. The heiress donated all his property for the war victims.

4. My aunt is a renowned headmaster.

5. The bull gives us milk.

6. He is my father’s sister-in-law.

8. The masculine gender of ‘hind’ is ‘drake’.

9. The gander laid eggs.

10. The prince helped her maid–servants.

PMMPMPMPMPMMMMMMMPPPr.

l his property for the wa

nowned headmaster.

ves us

her’s sister-i

er of


Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

Nouns: PossessionNouns: Possession9

In this unit, students will revise the use of an apostrophe and learn something more about it.

Look at Sneha’s dress. It is her granny’s gift to her. Both of them went to a children’s showroom and went to kids’ section. Sneha’s granny chose this dress for her. Sneha has to attend her cousin’s wedding so she will go to her uncle’s house next week.

s

s

s s

s

Tip of the day

• • •

PPMP

PMMranny’s gift to her. Both ift to her. Both

howroom and went to owroom and went to kidskiose this dress for her. Snehase this dress for her. Sn

edding so she will go to heredding so she will go to her


1. the school where Irfaan studies Irfaan’s school

2. a game meant for a child

3. the speech that the Principal gave

4. the house where Rohan lives

5. the uniforms of the students

6. the helmets of the bikers

7. the dress of the baby

8. the toys of the babies

9. the tail of an elephant

10. the shop of a grocer

11. the shoes of ladies

12. the birthday of my sister

13. the wedding anniversary of my grandparents

14. the order of the commander-in-chief

15. the sting of a bee

16. the shirts of boys

s, s

1. What is the name of this book? (the name/this book)

2. are bushy. (tails/squirrels)

3. is ready. (costume/the actress)

4. was rebuilt. (hut/the farmer)

5. were not painted. (the walls/the hut)

6. That is . (medal/Tithi)

7. The were washed. (bottles/babies)

8. The

9. The are wobbly. (legs/stool)

10. The were hurt. (legs/horse)

PPPMPPPPPPPPPPPPsary of my grandparents ary of my grandparents

ommander-in-chief ommander-in-chief

a bee a bee

boys boys

this bthis b


s

1. It is the birthday of Astha.

3. The tools of the carpenter were stolen.

4. The room of his brother is decorated.

5. The hair of Vanshika is curly and frizzy.

6. The wife of that actor is a doctor.

7. The dresses of these ladies are expensive.

8. The bag of that girl is heavy.

9. The car of my neighbour was stolen.

10. The cars of my neighbour were parked in the street.

1. the boy’s hostel

2. the child’s books

3. the peacock’s feathers

4. the man’s voice

5. the puppy’s tail

6. the fairy’s wand

7. the ox’s horns

8. the spider’s legs

PPMPPMP

xpensive

MPheavy.

PMmy neighbour was stolenPneighbP


Verbs : Transitive and Intransitive

Verbs : Transitive and Intransitive

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

10

In this unit, students will learn about subject and object, transitive and intransitive verbs and three forms of verbs.

,

Rishi bought a book.

PPPMP

PMPP,


1. I help them.

Who helps them? I (subject)

I help whom? them (object)

2. He felt a severe pain.

Who felt severe pain? He (Subject)

He felt what? a severe pain (object)

1. I found a watch.

2. Children sing songs.

3. They disturbed her.

4. She saw a huge spider.

5. We played tennis.

6. He will stop the late comers.

7. The teacher is explaining this chapter.

8. Rinky and Pinky served food.

9. Birds build nests.

10. You have taken my pen.

11. Harsh switched on the geyser.

12. Maid was scrubbing the utensils.

Tip of the day

PMPM

ubject)ct)

pain (object)pain (object)

h.h.

ng songs.ng so

ed her.ed her.

pider.pider.PM


A verb that does not require an object to complete its meaning is called an intransitive verb. It makes complete sense by itself.

Examples:

1. Paras slept soundly.

2. The men walked briskly.

3. The jug fell down.

bloom.

5. She laughed.

In these sentences, the verbs don’t need an object to complete their meanings. So they are called intransitive verbs.Some verbs can be used as transitive or intransitive verbs.

Examples:

1. He grew apples. (transitive)

2. Apples grew. (intransitive)

3. They kites. (transitive)

4. Birds in the sky. (intransitive)

5. Boys play chess. (transitive)

6. Boys play in the park. (intransitive)

1. He drank the whole milk. 2. She is buying fruits. 3. Cats mew. 4. The thief ran away. 5. The police caught the thief.

PMPPn’t need an object to complen’t need an object to com

s transitive or intransitive v transitive or intransitiv

ples. ples. (tr

(tr


6. They waste money. 7. The baby is crying loudly. 8. Sunidhi Chauhan sings nice songs. 9. Sunidhi sings nicely. 10. We grew vegetables in our backyard. 11. Tomatoes grow in my backyard. 12. They ordered Chinese food.

1. She writes neatly.

2. The dry leaves crackled.

3. He buys vegetables.

4. I hid my toys.

5. He went away.

6. Uncle Podger hammered the nail into the wall.

S. No. SubjectVerb

ObjectTransitive Intransitive1.2.3.4.5.6.

You know that verbs and helping verbs help us to know the time of an action. You also know that there are three tenses:

Tip of the day

1. Past 2. Present 3. Future

PPPPPMPMMPMMMPMPMMPPMPMMPPMPPPPPMPMMMPMPMMPPMPMMPPMPPPMPe nail into the wall.l into the wall.

MPMPMPMMMMPMPMMMPPPVerb

Transitive IntrMPPMPPMPPP


Past tense Present tense Future tense

Present Past Past Participle

1. awake awoke awoken

2. arrive arrived arrived

3. advise advised advised

4. become became become

5. bend bent bent

6. bite bit bitten

7. break broke broken

8. build built built

9. buy bought bought

10. bring brought brought

11. choose chose chosen

12. catch caught caught

13. come came come

PMP

PMPPMPMPast

a


14. do did done

15. draw drew drawn

16. drink drank drunk

17. drive drove driven

18. die died died

19. eat ate eaten

20. earn earned earned

21. fall fell fallen

22. feed fed fed

27. forget forgot forgotten

28. give gave given

29. go went gone

30. grow grew grown

31. have had had

32. hear heard heard

33. hide hid hidden

34. keep kept kept

35. know knew known

36. learn learnt, learned learnt, learned

37. leave left left

38. lose lost lost

39. make made made

40. pay paid paid

41. quarrel quarrelled quarrelled

42. ring rang rung

PMPforgot

gav

went


43. run ran run

44. say said said

45. see saw seen

46. sell sold sold

47. send sent sent

48. sing sang sung

49. sit sat sat

50. speak spoke spoken

51. stand stood stood

52. swim swam swum

53. sleep slept slept

54. take took taken

55. throw threw thrown

56. tell told told

57. teach taught taught

58. think thought thought

59. understand understood understood

60. wear wore worn

61. win won won

62. weep wept wept

63. work worked worked

64. write wrote written

65. weave wove woven

Present Past Past Participle Present Past Past Participle 1. cut cut cut 5. read read read 2. bet bet bet 6. shut shut shut 3. hurt hurt hurt 7. put put put 4. hit hit hit 8. set set set

PMPept

ook

thr

told

aug

though

d un


Present Past Past Participle

1. break

2. bought

3. caught

4. do

5. died

6. feed

7. fought

8. keep

9. learnt

10. run

11. speak

12. slept

13. taken

14. teach

15. thought

16. read PMPPPPlearnt

MPMslept

PM


Simple Present TenseSimple Present Tense

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise the use of simple present tense and learn to frame negative and interrogative sentences.

Penguins are the birds with black and white feathers and a funny waddle. They spend maximum time of their life under water. Mother penguin lays one or two eggs in nest. Mother and father both work as responsible parents and take turns warming the eggs. The eggs hatch in a few weeks. Penguins live only in the Southern Hemisphere. There are about seventeen kinds of penguins.

These sentences are in simple present tense.

1. Water boils

2. The earth revolves round the sun. (permanent truth)

3. Too many cooks spoil the broth. (proverb)

4. I never tell a lie. (habitual fact)

5. My mom trims my nails every week. (action done repeatedly)

11

PMP

PPPh black and black an

y waddle. They y waddle. They of their life under of their life und

uin uin laysla one or two one or two r and father both r and father bo work rk

nts and take turnsnts and taggs ggs hatchh in a f

in the Souin the ut seut s


Chinese New Year (be) often called Chinese Lunar New Year. It (mark) the end of the winter season. The festival

(end) with ‘Lantern Festival’ on the 15th day. Every family (clean) the house to sweep away ill fortune. They

Children (greet) their parents by wishing them a happy and healthy new year and (receive) money in red envelopes. Red and golden colours (be) pre dominant in most Chinese decorations as red (symbolize) happiness and gold (symbolize) wealth. People also (participate) in a traditional parade to exhibit their culture. They (wish) each other by saying ‘Guo Nian Hao’ which

(mean) Happy New Year.

1. Riya know/knows all the answers.

2. Tithi take/takes dance classes every Sunday.

4. When he go/goes to school, some boys tease/teases him.

5. People watch/watches comedy show.

6. The teacher do not/does not scold students.

7. The students do not/does not disobey their teachers.

8. He sell/sells things online.

9. Men do not/does not gossip.

10. The sun do not/does not set in the north.

Tip of the day

PMMMMMMPMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMP

) moneyminant in m

s and gold Pparticipate) in a ish) each other

ar.

ows all the answers.ows all the answers.

akes dance classes every Sakes dance classes every

es to school, soes to sc

hes comhes co


1. My friend goes to Kerala in June.

2. My friend and I visit an old age home every month.

3. The trains leave on time.

4. Snow falls heavily in Kashmir.

5. Stars shine at night.

6. He examines the patients carefully.

7. I do my work.

8. He does his work.

PPPMPMPPMPMPMyes the pat enntsP


1. She brushes her teeth properly.

2. Children play hockey.

3. Some students disturb the whole class.

5. I sleep for at least eight hours.

6. Rachna cooks delicious food.

7. You complete your assignments.

8. Thousands of visitors visit the Taj Mahal daily.

PPPPPPMPMMPMPPMPMtors visit the Taj Mahal

PMP


AdjectivesAdjectives

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise adjectives and learn the kinds of adjectives.

The camel is the oldest of domestic animals. This amazing animal is adapted to live in harsh, dry lands. The Arabian camel has one hump; the Bactrian camel has two humps. Its broad, soft feet help it in having a steady grip in the sand. Its thick skin protects it from day time and cold nights. It is often called the ‘ship of the desert.’

Name – Chetna Name – Geeta C harming G orgeous H elpful E nergetic E legant E xceptional T houghtful T alented N ice A dmirable

A ctive

12

PMP

PPMPMPPdomestic animals. This domestic animals. This am

ve in ve in harsh, dryharsh, dry lands. The lands. Thep; the p; the Bactrianian camel has el has

elp it in having a elp it in hav steaects it from ects it fro d

e ‘ship of thee ‘ship


Word Bank

active, adorable, accomplished, admirable, attractive, beaming, bright, beautiful, brilliant, broad-minded, caring, calm, capable, careful, cheerful, competent, dashing,

fortunate, gorgeous, gallant, graceful, handsome, happy, healthy, honest, intelligent, ingenious, joyful, jubilant, kind, keen, loyal, laborious, liberal, marvelous, melodious, methodical, modest, noble, nice, obedient, outgoing, outstanding, perfect, peaceful,

winsome, young, youthful, zealous

Adjectives are of many kinds:

1. Adjective of quality: It tells us about the quality of a person, place or thing. It may describe age, quality, size, colour, shape, feelings, etc.

Examples: The old man was driving a red car.The Indian army saved many poor people.

MPPP


2. Adjective of quantity: It tells us how much of a thing we are talking about. It gives the answer of 'how much'.

Examples: I have a lot of energy.She had some food. Give me a little sugar.

3. Adjective of number: It describes the number of nouns. It gives the answer of ‘how many’.

Examples: He ate sixteen oranges.There are twelve months in a year.She is sitting on the bench.

4. Demonstrative adjective: It points out to the exact person place or thing.

Examples: This book is mine.That house is yours.Those bags are costly.

5. Interrogative adjective: These are interrogative words like what, which and whose used as adjectives along with nouns.

Examples: Whose book is this?What time is it?Which school is famous in your locality?

6. Possessive adjective: They tell us who something or someone belongs to.

Examples: My name is Ravish Tripathi.He respects his family members.They have parked their car near our house.

Tip of the dayPMP

e exa

y.y.

e are interrogative wordsare interrogativalong with nouns.with noun

ook is this?ok is thisime is it?is it?

ich school is famous in youich school is famous in yo

adjective: They tell us who adjective: They tell us whj

My name is Ravish TrMy name isyrespects his famrespe

have parkhave p


1. She prepared delicious soup for him. 2. We help our friends. 3. Which pen is yours? 4. Which is your pen? 5. Her skin is wrinkled. 6. She got a pretty dress on her tenth birthday. 7. We are delighted to meet our friends. 8. Don’t buy stale vegetables from that shop. 9. Why did you buy so much rice? 10. Those diamonds are expensive. 11. Whose purse is this? 12. She needed a little help from my mother. 13. Dark clouds hovered in the sky. 14. The talkative kids irritated their grandpa. 15. What colour is your shirt?

1. The lady lived in a home. (adjective of quality)

2. copy is uncovered? (interrogative adjective)

3. I got the position in essay writing competition. (adjective of number)

4. grapes are sweet. (demonstrative adjective)

5. Will you give me time? (adjective of quantity)

6. voice is shrill. (possessive adjective)

7. A hexagon has sides. (adjective of number)

8. We love parents. (possessive adjective)

9. They went to the library in period. (adjective of number)

10.

PMPMPMP

ther. Pr grandpa.

P lady lived in a lady lived in a M copy is uncovered? copy is uncovered? P position in e position in e

es are swees are


Word Adjective

2. beauty b. comfortable

3. France c. childish

4. science d. faithful

5. child e. daily

6. care f. terrible

7. day g. hungry

8. comfort h. dangerous

9. faith i. beautiful

10. fool j. careful

11. danger k. foolish

12. hunger l. French

THE NAUGHTY MOUSEThere was an old lady who lived all alone.In a small cottage not far from my home.And one bright night, by the full moon light,Came a hungry mouse right into her kitchen.It ate some cheese and nibbled one carrot,The mouse ran up the golden cage of green parrotThe old lady took a stout rod to hit the naughty mouse.The mouse entered a long pipe and came out of the house.

Now tell the kinds of these adjectives:

adjective kind adjective kind

PMP

h. danh. dan

i. beautifui. beaut

j. carefulj. care

k. foolishk. f

l. FrenchFren

MOUSEMOUSEwho lived all alone.who lived all alone.

t far from my home.t far from my hby the full moon lighby the full

ght into her kitght inted one ced one

PPPPPPMPPPMPPPPPPMP


Degrees of ComparisonDegrees of

ComparisonTeacher’s

NoteTeacher’s

NoteIn this unit, students will revise the three degrees of adjectives and learn to frame sentences using the three degrees of comparison. They will also know about similes.

1. The Taj Express is a fast train. The Taj Express is not as fast as the Shatabdi Express. There are many other trains faster than the Taj Express.

2. A CFL is than a bulb. It may seem costlier than a bulb but it saves money in the long run.

3. There are many hard working workers in this factory. People say that Satish is more hard working than his friends. In my opinion, Satish is the most hard working person in the factory.

13

PMPMPMP

stst train. The Taj Express i train. The Taj Express iExpress. There are many opress. There are many o

aj Express.aj Express.

than a b than a bulb but it saves monen a bulb but it saves mon

ny hard working wny hard Satish is Satish mo

nion, Satnion, S


oldest

A. Most adjectives form their comparative and superlative by adding -er and -est:

Positive Comparative Superlative

1. bold

2. small

3. kinder

4. darkest

5. cleverer

B. If positive degree ends in -e, we add only -r and -st:

1. noblest

2. whiter

3. safe

4. ablest

C. When the words end in -y preceded by a consonant, y is changed into -i before adding -er and -est:

1. happy

2. holier

3. silliest

4. dirty

5. wealthier

D. When the words end in vowel+y, then we add -er and -est:

1. gay gayer

2. greyest

PPPMPMPPMPder

MPclever

, we add only -r and -st:, we add only -r and -st:Mwhiter

PMPPnd in -y precednd in -


E. If the word is of one syllable and ends in a single consonant with a vowel before it, then the consonant is doubled before adding -er and -est:

1. big

2. fatter

3. saddest

4. thin

F. Adjectives of more than two syllables add 'more' and 'most' before them:

1. wonderful

2. most forgetful

3. more courageous

4. honest

5. more enjoyable

G. Some adjectives form their comparatives and superlatives in an irregular way. They don’t follow any rule:1. good/well 2. bad worst

3. much/many 4. old ,elder oldest,5. less

6. far , farthest, furthest

1. Meena is than me. (old) 2. Aditya is the brother of Samrat. (old) 3. Lead is a metal. (heavy)

Tip of the day PMPMPPMPPnjoya Paratives and superlatives ratives and sup

MPMPMPMP lePPPP


4. Lead is the of all metals. (heavy) 5. This answer is very . (good) 6. That employee is than his colleague. (hardworking) 7. Her bag is than mine. (expensive) 8. She gave an performance in the play. (amazing) 9. She was the princess. (delicate) 10. I think that I am the girl in the world. (lucky) 11. It is today than it was yesterday. (cold) 12. No one was as as the King Midas. (greedy) 13. The Sahara is the desert in the world. (large) 14. I’m feeling as as a daisy. (fresh) 15. He is as as a mule. (stubborn) 16. He is as as a snail. (slow)

as big as an elephant as alike as two peas in a pod

as blind as a bat as black as coal

as clear as crystal as brave as a lion

as cunning as a fox as busy as a bee

as fresh as a daisy as cool as cucumber

as easy as ABC as cute as a baby

as white as milk as gentle as a lamb

PPPPMP

inaisy. aisy.

e. e. snail. il.

Pphan


1. as easy as 6. as as honey

2. as as milk 7. as fresh as

3. as cold as 8. as alike as two in a pod

4. as as lamb 9. as as a bee

5. as brave as a 10. as cunning as a

1. She turned as redder as a beetroot. 2. Anjana is pretty, but Shruti is prettiest than her. 3. Cycling on the highway is most dangerous than travelling by car. 4. I am tall than her. 5. The teacher told me that my painting was very best. 6. China is the more populated country in the world. 7. July is the hotter month of the year. 8. He has much money than brains. 9. Ravi is my oldest brother. 10. This the the eldest temple in the city.

1. There was a milk in the jug. (little/few) 2. I have so 3. Only a questions are unsolved. (few/many) 4. You have shown 5. Physical punishment does harm than good. (much/more) 6. I have two sisters. (older/elder) 7. Snehit is than Aman. (tall/taller) 8. He has sincere friends. (some/little) 9. Can you give me coins? (a little/a few) 10. Can you give me time? (a little/ a few) 11. There is so rice in the bowl. (many/much) 12. There are so participants for the quiz. (many/much)

PMPMPMMPMP

PMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPPMMPPMMMPPPP

PPMMPPMMPPPPPPPPMMous than tr

nting was very beuntry in the wo

ar. han brain

brother. dest temple in the ci

P milk inPestest


USING THE DEGREES OF COMPARISON

1. Priyanka is as talented as Juhi.2. She is as honest as Ritu.

Here we are using 'as..... as' form with positive degree to show equality.

1. Shourya handsome his father

2. Guavas cheap papayas

3. Amit tall giraffe

4. Sheena proud peacock

1. Grapes are costlier than papayas.2. He is more hardworking than his cousin.

Here we are using ‘than’ after comparative degree to make comparison between two.

1. Sneha careful Paras

2. Akshaj tall Lakshay

3. Melons big apples

4. Metro comfortable bus

1. Asia is the largest continent in the world. 2. Rekha is the

Here we used ‘the’ before superlative degree to make comparison among more than two.Sometimes ‘the’ is not used with superlative degree.

2. Banana cheap fruit

3. This high building I have ever seen

4. Platinum expensive metal

PPPMPP

PMcock

his cousin.is cousin.

parative degree to make coe degree to make

arefu Pa

ta L

comf


ArticlesArticles

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

14

In this unit, students will revise the use of articles and learn about omission of articles.

INDEFINITE ARTICLES

talking of any person or thing in particular. They are used with singular countable nouns.

Examples: She always wanted to be a singer. Her mother is also an artist. I bought a pen and an eraser from a shop.

1. alligator is dangerous reptile.

2. Always keep dictionary in your bag.

3. This is important question.

PPPMPDEFINITE ARTICLESE ARTICLES

ing in particular. They are ng in particular. They ns.ns.

e always wanted to be a sine always wanted to be a sr mother is also an artisr mother is also an artis

ght a pen and an eght a pen


4. He wants empty carton for craft activity.

5. They waited for ambulance and doctor to take care of the patient.

6. I met Indian singer and European dancer.

7. He took hour and half to reach the venue.

8. She has foreign university degree.

9. She has American university degree.

10. Please give me one-rupee coin.

11. This incident gave me idea for funny story.

12. Have you read the story of unicorn and ogre?

13. There is also movie based on this story.

14. He is brave soldier. His father is M.L.A.

15. She is M.P. She is honest politician.

DEFINITE ARTICLE

Examples: 1. Look at the 2. He spilled the

‘The’ is also used when we mention something again.

Examples: 1. I have a story book. The story book was gifted to me by my aunt. 2. They have some eggs. The eggs will be used in cake.

‘The’ is also used before superlative degree of comparison.

Examples: 1. This is the best book I have ever read. 2. Who is the most intelligent student in your class?

‘The’ is used before the names of unique things.

Examples: 1. The sun rises in the east. 2. The moon and the stars adorned the sky.

‘The’ is used before the names of rivers, seas, oceans, mountain ranges, famous buildings, holy books, newspapers, ships, trains, the name of countries which indicate that the countries are made up of many parts, names of nationalities, religious communities, etc. Examples: the Brahmaputra, the Arctic Ocean, the Red Sea, the Alps, the White

House, the Zend Avesta, the Indian Express, the Titanic, the Rajdhani Express, the U.S.A., the U.K., the Indians, the Hindus

PPPPPMPMPMPMPMMMPMPMPMPPPMPM

on this story

fath PMP hone

FINITE ARTICLETE ARTICLE

at thespilled thespilled the

en we mention somethin

I have a story book. ThI have a story book. Thhey have some egghey have

perlati

e be b


1. Once upon time there lived one–eyed monster in

castle. monster was very cruel. He did not allow anyone to stay in castle. Whoever tired to enter the castle was killed by him. one day inquisitive boy decided to see castle from inside. He took long ladder and entered castle through

window. What horrible place it was! There were skeletons of many animals and human beings in room. boy decided to punish monster.

2. Mr Sharma is M.P. He is honest man. He is respected for his honesty. But M.L.A of our area is not so good. Now a days, he has gone to U.K. for attending seminar.

3. Who is present Prime Minister of India? Have you seen Parliament House at New Delhi?

4. I bought unique watch and antique photo frame for my friend. She liked watch and photo frame.

5. Statesman is widely circulated newspaper.

6. They arrived at last moment but wanted to have best seat in the bus.

7. water is precious. Don’t waste even single drop of water.

8. water packed in this bottle in contaminated.

9. What great performance! You are really genius.

10. It’s honour to have such friend like you.

11. school where we study is near my house.

12. He is lawyer. He practises in Supreme Court.

1. A/The orange that you ate was rotten.

2. He is a/an eye specialist.

3. She was wearing a/the golden dress that I had gifted her.

PMPPP honest moneP M.L.A of our area i M.L.A of our

U.K. for attending U.K. for attendinPPrime Minister of e Minister of

MPuse at

MP New Delh New De

unique watch and nique watch and MPM watch and watch and Mesman is esman is

PM widely widely

ed at ed at PM last momeome

is precious. Dis prec

ked inked i


4. Have you ever seen an/the ocean?

6. He lives in a/an huge house.

7. He was a/an absent-minded scientist.

8. It is a/an extremely cold day.

9. Could you tell me a/the way to the/a main market?

10. We bought a/an LCD monitor for the/a computer.

Tip of the day

•

•

1. Do you have a extra pair of socks?

3. Give me the little time.

4. It is an useful information.

5. A gold ring that you are wearing is pretty.

6. I want to be a astronaut.

7. Kalidas is a Shakespeare of India.

8. She is a elegant lady.

9. He is an only child of his parents.

10. Did you keep the key of a main gate safely?

PPMPMPMMPMMMMMMMMMMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPPPMPMPPPPPPMMMPMMPi f k ?i f k ?i fextra pair of socks? i f k ?

little time.

forma

are w


PronounsPronouns

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise subject and object pronouns, possessive pronouns and will be familiar with demonstrative, relative

Sangam is my best friend. Sangam and I study together. We live in the same colony. All the teachers admire us. They select me for every drawing competition. I never disappoint them and win prizes. Sangam is good at calligraphy. Shewriting contests. We are proud of ourselves.

You have noticed that all the underline words are pronouns.

PERSONAL PRONOUNS

The pronouns that stand for the names of people and things are called personal pronouns. Personal pronouns may be used as a subject in a sentence. They are called subject pronouns. Examples: he, she, it, I, we, you, they.

Personal pronouns may be used as an object in a sentence. They are called object pronouns. Examples: him, her, it, me, us, you, them.

Pronouns are divide into three persons:

mine are used for one person. We, us and ours are plural pronouns.

Examples: I am happy, We are relaxed.

2. The second person pronoun is the person spoken to. Examples: you and yours. These can be used as singular and plural pronouns.

Examples: Rohit, you are a responsible child. Boys, you are now ready for the assessment.

15

PMPPPy together. y toge WeWe live

very drawing competitiovery drawing comat calligraphy. at calligraphy. SheS

rselves.ves.

erline words are pronounserline words are pronouns

PERSONAL PRPERSONAL PR

and for the namesand for touns may be uouns m

he, she, he, sh


3. The third person is the person/thing about whom/which we are talking. Examples: he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, they, them, theirs.

He, she, it, him, his, and hers are singular pronouns. They, them and theirs are plural pronouns.

Examples: He is my nephew. She is my niece.They live in Goa.

PersonPersonal Pronouns

Possessive PronounsSubject Pronoun Object Pronoun

First personSingular I me mine

Plural we us ours

Second personSingular you you yours

Plural you you yours

Third personSingular

hesheit

himherit

hishersits

Plural they them theirs

1. Can ______ take your book for a moment? (I/me)2. Let ______ solve this sum. (I/me)3. ______ should learn from our mistakes. (We/Him)

4. Of course, ______ agree with you in this matter. (we/us)5. His mother taught ______ at school. (him/he)

6. We are willing to help ______. (they/them) 7. Where do ______ go to study? (he/you) 8. Send this letter to ______. (he/her)

PPPPPPPMMMMMPMMPMPPMMPPPPMPPPPPMPPMMPMMMMPPPPMPPMMPMMPMMPPPMPMPPMPMPPMMMMM

me

you

you yo

hehei

him

th

r boor boo


POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

1. This dog belongs to you.This dog is yours.

2. That poster is made by me. That poster is mine.

1. This pen belongs to her. 2. That car belongs to them.

3. These toys belong to him. 4. This dress belongs to me. 5. Those books belong to us. 6. That hockey stick belongs to you.

1. You can have any toy! These are all .

2. My sister and I go to school on foot. walks faster than me. reach school rather late.

3. Where is Shruti? Her father is on the phone. wants to talk to now.

4. This dress belongs to my aunt. It is .

5. My pen is lost. Can I borrow ?

6. This bottle belongs to Tithi Sharma. Give back to .

7. Deepansh, am proud of .

8. Children, are disturbing the whole class. Sit quietly or will punish .

9. Sneha and Varsha are friends. are helpful and caring. Everyone likes .

PMMPMPPPPPPPMPMPMPngs to yoMve any toy! These are all ve any toy! These are all Md I go to school on food I go to schP reach schoo re

er fatherer fathnono


10. This is Soumya. likes singing.

.

12. We are going to the cinema. Do you want to join ?

13. Vagish said that was tired.

14. This is my pet cat. I call Mindy.

15. That computer is not . It belongs to .

16. This isn’t my bag. is pink.

1. Mrs Preety is a teacher. Mrs Preety teaches English. I like Mrs Preety.

2. Children watch cartoons. Children don’t want to study. Parents are worried about children.

3. This shirt belongs to Ram. This shirt is dirty.

4. Ruchika and I go for shopping. Ruchika and I buy many novels and story books. Teachers praise Ruchika and me for our reading habit.

5. Mindy is my cat. Mindy is fond of milk. I give Mindy milk in a bowl.

6. There are many roses in my garden. I don’t pluck roses.

PPMPM

s Englis

PPdreeenn wan ddon tt ww

MPMm. This shirt is dings tto Ram

PMI go ffor rraaise P


DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

1. This is my umbrella.

2. These are umbrellas.

3. That is a kite.

4. Those are kites.

In these sentences ‘this’, ‘that’, ‘these’ and ‘those’ are used as pronouns. They point out some particular object or objects.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

We use a relative pronoun to refer back to a noun that was used earlier in the same sentence.

Examples: This is the girl who won the match. That is the car which/that my uncle bought last week. Have you seen the child whose hair is curly? This is the book that/which I bought from the Book Fair.

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

pronouns.

Examples: I pack my lunch box myself. Children are enjoying themselves. Children, enjoy yourselves. Sweety, go and enjoy yourself. Sweety is enjoying herself at the party.

Tip of the day

PMRELATIVE PRONORELATIVE PRONO

ronoun to refer back to aronoun to refer back to a

he girl who whe girlcar whiccar wh

n thn th

MPMMPPPP


Subject pronoun

I

you(singular)

you (plural)

she

he

it

they

we

myself

yourself

yourselves

herself

himself

itself

themselves

ourselves

1. Samarth completes the homework himself.

2. It is a nice poem. Did you write it yourself?

3. That is a chocolate box.

4. This pen is mine.

5. These are my friends. I play with them.

6. Meet Radha whose sister works at our school.

7. Ilqa said that she was sorry.

8. This is the dog that slept in our corridor last night.

9. We are over here. Can you see us?

10. Is it the book that you wanted to read?

11. This coat is theirs.

12. Students, solve these questions yourselves.

1. Boys, behave 2. Ayush, have made a beautiful painting. (subject pronoun)3. are oak trees. (demonstrative pronoun)4. I bought this ball. So it belongs to . (object pronoun)5. She fell down and hurt

PMP

PMPPPPPP

ourselves

ork himself. Pt yourself

.

friends. I play with them.

a whose sister works at o

she was s

t slept

yo


6. They live in that house. This house is . (possessive pronoun) 7. This is the girl studies in my school. (relative pronoun) 8. My handwriting is better than . (possessive pronoun) 9. He is the boy wants to join army. (relative pronoun) 10. is an unbelievable story. (demonstrative pronoun) 11. We cleaned our room 12. These crayons belong to us. They are .

(possessive pronoun) 13. Some boys broke the chair. The teacher is scolding .

(object pronoun) 14. God helps those who help 15. The dog hurt 16. Can I take your dress? is not clean. (demonstrative pronoun)

Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun Possessive pronoun pronoun

1. I2. We3. He4. She5. 6. 7. You

him

it

ours

theirs

myself

herself

yourself

1. Richa repaired the box herselves. 2. Did you see the parrot whom can talk? 3. I gave hers some crayons. 4. This is the actor which won the National Award. 5. Chintu, do it yourselves. 6. Him doesn’t need my help. 7. I know that this car is their.

8. Those is a rare bird.

PPPPMPPPP is not clean. is not clean

MPPMPMMPMPPPMMMPMPPMMPPM

ossesspronoun

MPMhim

PMiPPM


Simple Past TenseSimple Past Tense

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise the use of simple past tense and learn how to frame negative and interrogative sentences in simple past tense.

Simple past tense is also used to describe past habits, events, actions and situations that happened in the past.

Examples: We lived in this building many years ago.

I decorated my room on my birthday.

You also know that we use past form of verb in assertive sentences.We use ‘did not’ and root form of verb in negative sentences.We use ‘Did’ before the subject and root form of verb after the subject in interrogative sentences.

Examples: Kavita baked a carrot cake. (assertive)Kavita did not bake a carrot cake. (negative)Did Kavita bake a carrot cake? (interrogative)

Root form Past form Root form Past form of verb of verb of verb of verb

1. Do 9. submit

2. Come 10. earned

3. drank 11. give

16

PMPescribe past habits, events,ast habits, events

in this building many yearn this building many year

rated my room on my birtrated my room on my birt

we use past form of verbwe use past form of verbot form of verb inot form

bject and robject a


4. caught 12. shine

5. teach 13. wrote

6. see 14. sold

7. went 15. tell

8. bought 16. think

Once Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson (go) for camping. They (pitch) their tents under the stars and (sleep). Sometimes later in the midnight, Holmes (wake) up and (say), “Watson, look up at the stars. What do you see?” Watson (reply), “I see millions of stars twinkling in the sky.” Holmes further (ask), “What do you deduce from that?”

Watson (answer), “Well, if there are millions of stars, and if even a few of those have planets, there are chances of some other planets like earth where life is possible.”

Holmes (smile) and (say), “Watson, my friend, notice that somebody (steal) our tent.”

1. They often go to school by car.

2. We organize a farewell party for the students of Class XII.

3. I open the door and welcome the visitor.

4. The mechanic repairs the car.

5. She gets annoyed quickly.

6. The students listen carefully and follow the instructions.

7. Children speak politely.

PPMPMPMMPMPMPMPMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMPM

you ded

are millions ome other plan

MP (say), “W

school by car.

PMe a farewell p hPwelcel


8. It rains heavily in June.

9. People like Surajkund Craft Fair.

10. The drivers drive the car from Agra to Delhi.

1. He spoke against you.

2. She taught us last year.

3. It rained heavily last night.

4. I learnt to speak Spanish.

5. The watchman came on duty.

6. The lady slept for the whole day.

7. We attended a workshop at National Science Centre.

8. Our team won the match.

PMPPPt.

MPSpanish.Spanish.

PMhman came on duty.hman came onPhe whe w


1. She found the answers of all the questions.

2. You thought over the matter.

3. They decided to continue the coaching classes.

4. The thief stole all the ornaments from our shop.

5. I heard a sweet song on the radio.

6. He teased the dog.

7. The dog bit him.

8. The villagers planted many trees on the roadside.

1. She a strange man on her way to school. (meet)

2. he you? (disturb)

3. No, he (not talk) to me but he (keep) on following me.

4. They (spend) weekends with their family.

5. We (not invite) guests to the party.

6. you

7. She (break) the vase but she (not confess) her fault.

8. he (post) the letters?

9. He (scold) him when she (see) his room.

10. The driver (meet) with an accident.

PPMPMPPMPMnted many trees on the r

PM a strange ma a strP


1. come eat tell live earn

came ate

2. bring grow

brought

3. hear read

heard

4. sleep

slept

fought

PMMPMPMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMPPPPPPPPPMPPPPPPPMPPPMPMPP


Present and Past Continuous TensePresent and Past Continuous Tense

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise present and past continuous tense. They will also learn to differentiate between simple present and present continuous tense.

The sun is shining brightly in the sky.

Sahil and Gagan are playing football.

Sahil is kicking the ball.

Gagan is running towards the ball.

read – reading watch – watching

sleep – sleeping go – going

It is raining heavily. A man is holding an umbrella. A boy is sailing a paper boat. Frogs are croaking. People are enjoying the rain.

17

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

PMP

ng brightly in the sky.ng brightly in the sky.g

an are playing football.an are playing football.p y g

ball. ball.

ards the bards th


talk – talking look – looking

drive – driving examine – examining

take – taking make – making

write – writing shine – shining

cut – cutting put – putting

shut – shutting begin – beginning

sit – sitting quarrel – quarrelling

die – dying lie – lying

1. She a nice dress. (wear)

2. The porters heavy luggage. (carry)

3. Why you me here? (stop)

4. I for my mom. (wait)

5. Those kids with their friends. (dance)

6. You

7. The teacher our notebooks. (collect)

8. she to the radio? (listen)

9. he the car? (repair)

10. Your brother a lie. (tell)

1. I to temple every Sunday. (go)

2. I to temple now. (go)

3. They

4. My dad my uniform at this moment. (iron)

5. Today he seriously. (not study)

6. Why you always my share of sweets? (take)

7. Mom my test right now. (take)

8. She usually food before 8 p.m. (cook)

PMPPss. ss.

M heavy luggage. eavy luggag

you u

MPfor my mom. mom.

M with their friwith their

PMPM our ur

PM she shPMP he PP


1. The sun shines brightly.

3. We recite Sanskrit verses.

4. Why do you disturb us?

5. He does not wait for his friends.

6. Children watch puppet show.

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

I was standing at the bus stop. Many college students were also standing there. We were waiting for the buses. An ice-cream vendor was approaching us. Some kids were buying ice-creams.

I

1. They when the thief entered their house. (sleep) 2. Anjana when the bell rang. (write) 3. We money to build a hospital in our village. (collect) 4. You the balloons when the teacher saw you. (burst)

PMPMPMP

CONTINUOUS TENSENUOUS TENSE

bus stop. Many college sbus stop. Many college he buses. An ice-cream vehe buses. An ice-cream ve

ams.ams.


5. Tom the fence when his friends came. (whitewash) 6. I the paintings at the exhibition. (admire) 7. Mary

the window panes. (sweep, wipe) 8. She warm clothes among the poor. (distribute) 9. The maid the room when the guests arrived. (decorate) 10. People

1. Armed robbers raided the bank.

2. They shifted from Delhi.

3. I am watching a documentary.

4. He shouts at the top of his voice.

5. The sun is setting.

6. The kids wore yellow dresses on Vasant Panchami.

7. He is selling his farmland.

8. Water dripped from the tap.

9. My mother is not reading newspaper.

10. Are you planning a holiday in Shimla?

11. Why is he singing so badly?

12. I am not doing it.

PPPMPMPPMPMPMresses on Vare yello drP faarmlP


PrepositionsPrepositions

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit students will revise the use of prepositions and learn some more prepositions. They will also learn some words followed by prepositions.

Children are playing in the park. A boy is climbing up a tree. A girl is running towards the swing. An old man is sitting under a tree. The kids are distributing chips among themselves. Oh! That boy fell off the tree. He fell on the grass. The oldman and other kids gathered around him. Thank God! He is not hurt. Now he is leaning against the tree trunk. A girl is bringing water for him.

All these underlined words are prepositions.

in/inside

under

along

against

on to

through

over

across

over

off

among

below

up

from --- to

into

between

above

down

towards

out off

behind

round/around

opposite

at

past

in front of

on

near

next to/by/beside

18

PMPMMPMM

A boy is climbing A boy is climbing upu a trea treing ng underunder a tree. The kids a tree. The kid

ell off the tree. He fell the tree. He felf onm. Thank God! He is not hurm. Thank God! He is not hu

ng water for him.ng water for h

words are prepositions.words are prepositions.


1. She is proud of her handwriting.2. We should not quarrel with one another.3. Why did you come late from school?4. He came and sat beside me.5. What did you hide behind your bag? 6. Leaves fell off the trees.7. Don’t gather around the patient.8. He sat at the table and completed his work.9. It is quarter to two by my watch.10. They stayed at village during holidays.

1. The train stopped (at/in) the platform.

2. Suman is fond (on/of) chocolates.

3. The teacher went (in/into) the staff room.

4. Please chop the vegetables (with/by) a knife.

5. The vegetables were chopped (with/by) mother.

6. I’m looking (on/for) my lost keys.

7. I’m looking (at/for) the blackboard.

(on/above) the clouds.

9. The shop (beside/between) my school was closed.

Tip of the day

PMP

PPher.her.

ool?

d your bag? bag? ..

nd the patient.e patient.ble and completed his worble and completed his wor

r to two by my watch.r to two by my watch.at village during holiat village duPPMP


10. The girl swam (across/above) the river.

11. They left (at/for) the airport half an hour ago.

12. Divide the prize money (between/among) all the participants.

13. Divide the amount (in/into) two equal parts.

14. Divide the sweets (between/among) both the girls.

15. The tree was cut (with/by) the woodcutter.

16. He cut the tree (with/by) an axe.

17. This bus shuttles (at/between) Agra and Delhi.

18. This bus moves (from/at) Agra (at/to) Delhi.

1. I was China last year.

2. I stayed China January to July.

3. He wakes up 6 a.m. and goes a park a morning walk.

4. Look the camera and smile.

5. Children should not go

6. The cat jumped the wall.

7. Please sing a song us.

8. Would you pass the salt me, please?

9. We waited him but he did not come?

10. She always sits her best friend the class.

11. He wakes up early the morning and sleeps late night.

12. He was born 2009.

13. He was born 22 June, 2009.

14. He was born Jaipur Rajasthan.

15. I go school car but my friend goes foot.

PMPPPr.r.

MP January to Ja

M 6 a.m. and goes a.m. and goes Pg walk.

the camera and smile.he camera and smile.

not go not go

PMped ped PM the wa the

song song Pthe salt the saPP


1. Agree with a person; agree to a proposal 2. Angry with a person; angry for some reason 3. Annoyed with a person; annoyed at something 4. Complain to a person; complain against a person 5. Divide something between two persons; divide it among more than two

persons; divide into parts 6. Faithful to a person 7. Famous for some quality 8. Fond of something or someone 9. Grateful to a person; grateful for something 10. Jealous of a person 11. Junior to a person 12. Proud of a person or some quality 13. Similar to something 14. Waiting for a person 15. Wonder at something

Tip of the day

on on onIn

In

toto

PPMPethingething

qualityy

nethingething

PPPPPPPPday


Present and Past Perfect Tense

Present and Past Perfect Tense

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will know the format of perfect tense and how to use present and past perfect tense.

Students, you know that there are four sub divisions of each of the three tenses.

TENSES

Present Past Future

Simple Present Simple Past Simple Future

Present Continuous Past Continuous Future Continuous

Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Future Perfect Continuous

We use simple present tense to denote everyday events, habits, facts, universal truth, etc.

We use present continuous tense to express the actions that are taking place at the moment of speaking. We use present perfect tense to show an action that has just happened.

Examples: 1. He has just returned from gym. 2. The baby has spilled the whole milk. 3. We have seen this movie. 4. I my task.

1. She has to the Mughal Gardens. (go) 2. I have my books. (lose) 3. The teacher has already this topic. (explain) 4. You have the newspaper. (read)

19

PMPPPMPPPP

PMP

ns of eacns of eac

S

Pa

mple Past

Past Continuous

Past Perfec

PPuous Past Perfect Contin

nt tense to denote everydaynt tense to denote everyda

uous tense to express tuous tense toent perfect tensent pe

as just reas justjy hy h

MM


5. We have an invitation card. (make) 6. The police have many burglars. (arrest) 7. He has the gold medal. (win) 8. Samarth has a patriotic song for the formative

assessment. (memorise) 9. We have many saplings in our locality. (plant) 10. Has he ever in sports activities? (participate) 11. Why have you 12. People have not yet for the meeting. (assemble)

1. The train not yet at the plateform. (arrive)

2. We just from the market. (return)

3. I some comics for you. (bring)

4. They a new car. (buy)

5. Why you the tickets? (cancel)

6. He hundreds of stamps. (collect)

7. you ever to Switzerland? (be)

8. It for three days. (not rain)

9. The monitor the class. (control)

10. The customer to our terms and conditions. (agree)

11. I

12. you all your exams? (take)

PAST PERFECT TENSE

We use past perfect tense for telling about an action that was completed before another action in the past.

Examples: 1. The bus had already left when they reached the bus stop.

2. I had just shut the door when the doorbell rang.

3. They had just entered the home when it began to rain.

We use had and past participle form (third form) of the verb in the past perfect tense.

P a

P from the markm the

e comics for you. comics for you.

M a new car. new car

you you M the tick the tick

PM hundreds of stam hundreds of stam

P you ever you ever

PMPM for three hree PP


1. She her work. (do)

2. I my application. (submit)

3. He in the Common Wealth Games. (participate)

4. We this chapter. (read)

6. The coach his team before the match. (guide)

7. He the answers when the teacher called him. (write)

8. The programme not yet when we arrived. (start)

9. She so many slices of pizza before. (never eat)

10. I knew the answers because I the sums earlier. (solve)

1. I watch the match on television. (present perfect)

2. He decorates the house with balloons and streamers. (past perfect)

3. He has gone for mountain climbing. (past perfect)

4. We are painting a portrait. (present perfect)

5. She was checking the notebooks. (past perfect)

6. The train departed from the platform. (present perfect)

7. The kids clean their classroom. (past perfect)

8. The Principal awarded the winners. (present perfect)

MPPMP

et

Pny slices of pizza beny slices of pizz

MP the s

levision. (present perfect)t p

PMe house with bal ons and

PMe for mountaiffor mounPtraiort


ConjunctionsConjunctions

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise the use of conjunctions and they will also learn some proverbs.

so

All the underlined words are conjunctions.

Observe this table:

Conjunctions Usebecause, as, since, for to state reasontherefore, so to explain effector to show choiceotherwise, if, unless to state conditionbut, yet, in spite of, however to show contrastuntil, when to show timethough, although to show opposite feeling or actions.

they mean ‘in spite of’while to show a period of time

20

PMPMP

soso

ds are conjunctionds are coPPP


1. Please tell them that I am busy these days.2. Wait here until I come back.

4. He is intelligent but careless.5. Hurry up or you will miss the school bus. 6. He started eating as the food was getting cold.7. Consider everything carefully before you make up your mind.8. It was raining so we couldn’t play outside.9. Although they started early, they couldn’t reach the airport on time.10. I want to improve my writing skill so I read good books daily.

as, or, while, although, when, that, since, until, so, so that, if, still

1. You can watch television you can play video game.

2. It was too hot I opened the windows.

3. We know prevention is better than cure.

4. he was sleeping, a cat entered his room.

5. She went to bed early she was tired.

6. She was so tired she continued her work.

7. he is old, he does his work himself.

8. he is old, he needs help of others.

9. He rented his house he could get extra income.

10. You can’t invest in this project feedback.

11. you chew some mint leaves, you will feel better.

12. He was feeding the dogs I saw him.

1. This town is small. It is peaceful. (and)

2. This town is small. It is very crowded. (but)

PMPPPP since, until, so

MP you can play vid you can

M I opened the windows.opened the win

M prevention is better than ion is better than

was sleeping, a cat entered hs sleeping, a cat entered

early early

PM she w she

red red PM she co sh P he is old, he does h he is old, he does h

he is old, he nehe is oPP


3. She wants to take rest. She is unwell. (because)

4. He ordered a pizza. He ordered sandwiches. (and)

5. It was getting dark. I took a cab. (so)

6. I took a cab. It was getting dark. (as)

7. He tried to call you. Your phone was out of coverage area. (but)

8. Tanu was learning Japanese. She wanted to go to Japan. (because)

9. Is this book written by Premchand? Is this book written by Amrita Pritam? (or)

10. She did not apologize. She had used rude language. (though)

11. We must practise. We are perfect. (till)

12. Don’t waste electricity. It is precious. (because)

Now you have noticed that a conjunction helps us to make our sentences shorter and easier to understand.

1. although

2. until

3. because

4. when

5. or

PMPPnted to go tooo JaPand? Is this boboooo

MShe had used rude lan

PMractise. We are perfect. (tiPricity. P


1. Time and/but tide wait for none.

2. When/Though the going gets tough, the tough gets going.

3. Hope for the best but/as prepare for the worst.

4. The teacher has not taught until/or the student has learned.

5. Slow and/if steady wins the race.

6. You can lead a horse to water, but/if you can’t make him drink.

7. Talk of the devil or/and he is sure to appear.

8. If /But life gives you lemons, make lemonade.

9. Keep your friends close, but/if your enemies closer.

10. Men proposes but/until God disposes.

11. Use it and/or lose it.

12. You can’t have an omelette unless/since you break the egg.

Tip of the day

PMPMPP

es clo

ess/since you break the egess/since you bre

PMPMPPPPP


AdverbsAdverbs

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will revise the kinds of adverb and formation of adverbs.

too

soon!

21

PMP


He

It

so

1. Yash ate my lunch greedily. 2. He left just a few minutes ago. 3. This is so nice of you. 4. God is everywhere. 5. The sun is shining brightly. 6. I usually wash my clothes myself. 7. We recently heard the good news. 8. He was driving carelessly. 9. Stay away from dogs. 10. She is not feeling well. 11. She is sleeping upstairs. 12. The water tank is almost empty.

1. wonderful 9. sincere 2. quick 10. happy 3. heavy 11. wise 4. strict 12. silent 5. cheerful 13. gentle 6. brave 14. whole 7. merry 15. lazy 8. slow 16. rare

PMPightly. ghtly.

y clothes myself. clothes myself. rd the good news. rd the good newsaacarelessly. carelesslyving dogs. dogs. rom g well. g wellngg

stairs. stairs.most most


1. Who is standing ? (downstairs/early)

2. He works . (sincere/sincerely)

3. This bus runs . (fast/fastly)

4. I am happy today. (very/there)

5. We are waiting for you. (anxious/anxiously)

6. He is sitting . (well/there)

7. The man got injured in an accident. (bad/badly)

8. I'm busy these days. I get time to meet my relatives. (hard/hardly)

9. He worked and succeeded. (hard/hardly)

10. You can sit quietly! (always/never)

11. He visits his grandparents. (often/here)

12. They will work

13. The baby cried . (sweet/bitterly)

14. we went to the museum. (Yesterday/Tomorrow)

15. The hall was full. (total/totally)

16. He faced a

1. We should waste natural resources. (adverb of frequency)

2. We gets up in the morning. (adverb of time)

pretty. (adverb of degree)

4. The library opens at 9. a.m. (adverb of frequency)

5. They shouted . (adverb of manner)

6. I have misplaced my pens . (adverb of place)

7. She speaks English . (adverb of manner)

8. The soldiers fought . (adverb of manner)

9. Complete your work . (adverb of time)

10. I agree with you. (adverb of degree)

PMP

ded. ded.

andparents. andparents.

MM. went to the museum. nt to the museum

PM full. full

PMPw


Simple Future Tense and Future

Continuous Tense

Simple Future Tense and Future

Continuous TenseTeacher’s

NoteTeacher’s

NoteIn this unit, students will revise simple future tense and learn about future continuous tense.

Read the following sentences carefully:

1. I shall join English Speaking Course in next month.

2. It will rain tomorrow.

3. He will participate in the street play.

4. We shall go to Jammu this weekend.

5. I will think over your proposal.

6. India will win the match.

We use 'will/shall' with the pronouns 'I' and 'We'. We use 'will' with other nouns and pronouns.

1. They to Mumbai next year. (shift)

2. I hard this year. (study)

3. Don’t disturb the dog, it you. (bite)

4. He your books within a week. (return)

22

PMP

es carefully:efully:

lish Speaking Course in nelish Speaking Course in ne

tomorrow.tomo

ipate in the street pipate in thp

mmu this wemmu t

propro


5. Our class a ballet. (perform)

6. The ice soon. (not melt)

7. The cake ready in twenty minutes. (be)

8. I am sure that my sister the class. (top)

9. Eco-club of our school Tree Plantation Drive. (organize)

10. Mrs Satya Bose the students. (guide)

11. He

12. Mrs Kusum our class next year. (teach)

13. Mr R.B. Pal next year. (retire)

14. The birds egg in the nest. (lay)

15. you us tonight? (join)

16. Pankaj to the party on Friday. (go)

1. The bus leaves at 8.30 a.m.

2. He locks the door when I go.

3. We watch the movie at home.

4. It is raining tonight.

5. I talk to you later.

6. They stay at school for extra classes.

8. The children share their views in the class.

PPMPMMPMP

he nest. he nest.

P us

the party on Friday. the party on Frid

Mor when I go.

PMhe movie at hP


9. You reach the auditorium by 6 p.m.

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSEWe use the future continuous tense to talk about the actions which will be in progress at some given time in future.

Read these sentences:

1. He will be enjoying the snowfall in January.

2. His friends will be making snowman.

3. They will be skiing over snow.

4. I shall be missing their company.

5. We shall be celebrating Sam’s birthday on 14th March.

The verb in all these sentences are in the future continuous tense.

We use will be/shall be with –ing form of the verb in the future continuous tense.

1

1. He the comedy show at night. (watch)

2. They the auditions for the play very soon. (conduct)

3. She the showroom. ( inaugurate)

4. I for Manali in the coming week. (leave)

5. People the autograph of Shahrukh Khan. (take)

6. They

7. India other countries for ‘Make in India’ project. (invite)

8. The Principal

9. Mother for us. (wait)

10. We for the theme song. (rehearse)

11. The students the mock drill. (perform)

12. They in Disaster Management Workshop. (participate)

PMPy on 14th Marchy on 14th Ma

ure continuous tense.re continuous

of the verb in the future cof the verb in the

PM the comedy show the comedy sh

PM the auditions fo the auditions foP the showhowP for ManP


1. He will swallow the medicine.

2. They are having breakfast.

3. He was working hard for better grades.

4. We are travelling to Paris.

5. She will talk to her mother on phone.

PMPPPP


PunctuationPunctuation

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will learn the use of some common punctuation marks and capital letters.

ATTENTIONToilets Only For Disabled

Elderly Kids

COWS,keep your pets under

control

I like cooking my family and my pets

Let's eat kids.

. , ‘ Punctuation ! ? “ ”A complete sentence tells a complete thought.It tells who or what the sentence is about.It begins with a capital letter.A complete sentence always ends with a punctuation mark.

. Period (full stop) .If you write a statement or command, Your sentence has a small friend.It’s a tiny, round dot called a full stopAnd you will place it at the end.

23

MMPPMMled eep

y family and pets


? Question Mark ?When writing a sentence that asks something,There’s a funny mark to know.It’s curved and called a question mark.Put it at the end and go.

! Exclamation mark !Help me! Oh no! Hurray, it’s my birthday!We won! Let’s have fun in the park!When writing to show an exciting thought,You should use an exclamation mark!

The full stop (.) is used to mark the end of a statement or a command. It also follows most abbreviations.Examples: India is a great country.

Respect your nation.He is the M.L.A. of our area.

The question mark (?) is used at the end of a question.Examples: Why were you absent yesterday?

Who is your favourite singer?

The exclamation mark (!) is used when we express some strong feeling. It is used at the end of an exclamation.

Examples: Wow! What a catch.

Well done!

What a pretty dress!

The comma (,) is used to indicate the shortest pause.It separates three or more single items on a list.It is used to separate different parts of an address.It is used to separate some expressions like yes, no, oh, however, etc.It is used just before quotation marks.

Examples: I brought carrots, cabbages, peas and mushrooms.

Ritu, come here.

Yes, I’m ready for the test.

Priya said, “My favourite colour is blue.”

PMPa.a.

end of a question.f a question.ent yesterday?ent yesterday?

vourite singer?rite singer?

!) is used when we express!) is used when we expressn.n.

hat a catch.hat a catch

s!s!


The apostrophe (‘) is used to show ownership of an object. It also shows contraction.Examples: This is Aditya’s mansion.

He is Mr A.N. Jha’s son.I’m proud of his achievements.Why don’t you meet him?

The quotation marks (“ ”) are used to enclose what is said directly. They enclose the exact words spoken by a person. They are also called inverted commas.Examples: The teacher said, “Well begun is half done.”

Swami Vivekanand said, “Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man.”I said to her, “Why do you wake up so late?”

1. Children stop talking

2. Raju why are you late

3. Aarti Sangam Mona and Ashu are friends

6. Of course I will help you

7. Driver said The road is blocked

8. I said to him Take the shortcut

9. No I don’t know you

10. Alas His grandpa is no more

11. Where is the India Gate

12. Can I wear Seemas dress

13. Rajni please draw the curtains

14. Do you write neatly

15. Have you seen the latest episodes of Art Attack

16. Nitin where is my cardboard

17. Jia said My mother is a doctor

18. Sapnas way of talking is very impressive

PPMPPare friends

help you

he road is blocked

m Take the sh

you

no m


Tip of the day

!

?

,'

USE OF CAPITAL LETTERS

Examples: My mother takes green tea. She goes for a walk after dinner.2. Proper nouns begin with a capital letter. Examples: Etika went to the Golden Temple at Amritsar. The Hindu is a very popular newspaper. He went to Sri Lanka in December.3. Important words in the tittle of a book, movie or story begin with a capital letter. Examples: ‘My Experiments with Truth’ is a famous book. ‘Reader’s Digest’ is my favourite magazine.

PPPPMP

PMPMMPMPMPMPP

USE OUSE


‘Taare Zameen Par’ is an inspirational movie.I also liked watching ‘Home Alone’.

4. The pronoun ‘I’ is always written in capital.Examples: Reema and I went for a walk.

close in a letter.Examples: Dear Anushka

Yours sincerely

1. “delhi is a big city,” said meena.

2. i need some milk for making custard.

3. the gateway of india is in mumbai.

4. “my birthday falls in june,” said aditya.

5. “what are you doing, ashu?” said preety.

6. "well, i am making some phone calls, gunjan,” replied ashu.

7. “what a lovely day!” said raju.

8. william shakespeare and john keats were great authors.

9. shahjahan built the red fort.

10. i said, “it is very cold in srinagar.”

PPPPMPMPPd

MPai.

Min june,” said aaadditya.

PMou doing, ashu?” said pryouu dd ing, ashPg som


HomophonesHomophones

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

In this unit, students will learn some homophones.

1. aloud – Please read aloud.allowed - My mother allowed me to go to Goa.

2. brake – I applied the brake when I saw a dog in front of my bicycle.break – Don’t break the glass.

3. blue – She likes blue colour.blew – He blew the horn.

4. cell – This wall clock needs two pencil cells.sell – They sell furniture.

5. cent – Cent is a unit of money.sent – We sent a bouquet to the patient.

6. deer – I saw a deer in the forest.dear – Dear God, I’m thankful to you.

8. great – He is a great social worker.grate – Please grate some carrots.

9. hair – My hair is soft and silky but yours is frizzy.hare – The hare slept and lost the race.

24

PMMPMPMPPd

her allowed me to go to pplied the brake when I

Don’t break the glasShe likes blue colour.He blew t

is walsell fu


10. heard – Have you heard the latest news?herd – The shepherd took care of his herd.

11. heal – This wound will heal soon.heel – Don’t wear high heel sandals.

12. know – We know that honesty is the best policy.no – There is no peace in his life.

13. meat – Vegetarians don’t eat meat.meet – They want to meet your parents.

14. one – I have only one travel bag.won – We have won the championship.

15. principal – The Principal gave a motivational speech.principle – We should follow some principles in life.

16. peace – India is a peace loving country.piece – Give me a piece of tape.

17. right – Your decision was right.write – Don’t write on the walls or desks.

18. stair – He was climbing the stairs.stare – Don’t stare at anyone.

19. storey – Your room is on the upper storey of the building.story – That story has a different plot.

20. tail – The dog was wagging its tail.tale – The tale about the ghosts was horrifying.

21. their – Their house is far from our school.there – There are many shops near my home.

22. waist – This dress is tight at the waist.waste – I never waste food.

23. wait – Please wait for a moment.weight – Reduce your weight and stop eating junk food.

25. which – Which of these books is yours?witch – The witch turned the princess into a parrot.

26. wood – Trees give us wood.would – Would you like to have something?

PMP

principles ing cou

f tape.as righe walls or desks.

climbing the stairs.tare at anyone.

Your room is on the uppeThat story has a diffThe dog was wagginThe tale

heir hare


1. What is the of this bag? (wait/weight)

2. Our wants discipline in the classes. (principal/principle)

3. Sh D.R. Patel was a visionary. (grate/great)

4. street leads to the medical store? (Witch/Which)

5. of my friends is an artist. (One/Won)

6. These are boring. (tales/tails)

7. The butcher sells . (meat/meet)

9. The furniture is made of . (would/wood)

10. I don’t the answer of this question. (know/no)

11. Don’t for the taxi. (weight/wait)

12. Give some

1. berth a. quite

2. died b. made

3. quiet c. dyed

4. fare d. rode

5. maid e. fair

6. road f. birth

1. We went to Trade Fare.

2. The old man died his hair.

3. I maid this card for you.

4. They aloud us to stay at their home.

5. The lion attacked the dear.

6. Please keep quite.

PMPP

. .

of this question.of this questi

axi.

a. a.

bMMMMM


Synonyms and Antonyms

Synonyms and Antonyms

Teacher’s Note

Teacher’s Note

SYNONYMS

Words with similar meanings are called synonyms. Read these words and their synonyms.

Word Synonym Word Synonym

1. admit confess 13. mistake error

2. allow permit 14. nice decent

3. begin start 15. precious valuable

4. build construct 16. rich wealthy

5. decrease reduce 17. scold rebuke

6. tough 18. silent quiet

7. do perform 19. sorrow grief

8. faithful loyal 20. enough

9. famous renowned 21. teach instruct

10. glow shine 22. useful

11. happiness joy 23. wish desire

12. honour prestige 24. wonderful marvellous

In this unit, students will enhance their vocabulary by learning synonyms and antonyms.

25

PPPPPPPPPPPPPMPMMPMMMMMPMPMMMMPPMPMMMMPMMMMMPMPMMMMPPMPMMPyms. Read theseyms. Read the

MPMPPMPMPMMPMMPMPPMPMPMMPMMPMPW

13. mista

ermit 14.

start 15.

construct

r

t


ANTONYMS

Words with opposite meanings are called antonyms. Read these words and their antonyms.

Word Antonym Word Antonym

1. absence presence 16. loss

2. accept reject 17. punish reward

3. begin 18. smile frown

4. borrow lend 19. strict lenient

5. create destroy 20. support oppose

6. cruel kind 21. legal illegal

7. entrance exit 22. patient impatient

8. familiar strange 23. obey disobey

9. last 24. responsible irresponsible

10. humble proud 25. comfortable uncomfortable

11. kindness cruelty 26. necessary unnecessary

12. major minor 27. advantage disadvantage

13. natural 28. regular irregular

14. peace war 29. complete incomplete

15. poor wealthy 30. perfect imperfect

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMPMPMPMPMPPPPPMPMMPMMPMMMMMPMMMMMMPMMMMMMMMMPMMMMMMMMMMPMMPMMPMMPMMPMMMPMPMMPMPMPPMMPMMPPMMPMMPPPPPMMMPMPMPMMPMPMPPP

suppo

21. lega

22. p

range 23. obe

last 24. re

proud 25.

cruelty


M A R V E L L O U S

B L O W E R E G O M

S L E E P I G O T I

M O B E Y G A L L L

S W E E T S L O V E

B E N E F I C I A L

B I T E R E J E C T

D E S T R O Y H A T

I P R E S T I G E O

S U F F I C I E N T

1. synonym of ‘honour’ P

2. synonym of ‘wonderful’ M

3. antonym of ‘accept’ R

4. antonym of ‘illegal’ L

5. synonym of ‘permit’ A

6. antonym of ‘hate’ L

7. antonym of ‘disobey’ O

8. synonym of ‘useful’ B

9. synonym of ‘enough’ S

10. antonym of ‘create’ D

11. antonym of ‘frown’ S

12. antonym of ‘sour’ S

PMPMMMMMMMPMMMPPPMMMMPMMPMPMPPPPPMPMPPPPPPPMMPMMPMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMMMMMMMMMM

C

E J E

Y H

T I

F I C I E

onour’ onour’ PP

f ‘wonderful’ f ‘wonderful’

cept’ cept’


1. We like

2. They our proposal. (rejected)

3. He is an boy. (patient)

4. Our teacher is not . (strict)

5. The baby had a sweet on his face. (frown)

6. He is a businessman. (poor)

7. We our elders. (disobey)

8. They are and caring. (cruel)

1. lucky a. glad

2. happy b. large

3. correct c. purchase

4. huge d. stupid

5. foolish e. fortunate

6. buy f. right

PMPa. glada. glad

b. largeb. larg

c. purchasec. pu

d. stupidd. stup

e. foe. f

f

PPPPMPMPMPMPMPMPMMPMM


ComprehensionComprehension

One day Emperor Akbar was walking with Birbal in his garden. It was a beautiful summer morning. Akbar exclaimed, “Birbal! Look at the crows. How nicely they are enjoying in my garden! Do you know how many crows are there in my kingdom? I don't think that anyone can count them.” Birbal quickly replied, “Your Majesty, I can tell you the exact number of crows in our kingdom.

ninety nine crows in our kingdom.” Akbar was amazed at this quick reply. He said, “What if there are more crows than that?”

Birbal smiled and said, “If there are more crows then my answer will be that some crows are visiting their friends and relatives from neighbouring kingdoms.”

Akbar smiled and asked, “And what if there are less than you are saying?”

Birbal said, “Then I would say that some crows of our kingdom have gone on holidays to other places.”

Akbar smiled at his quick wit and praised Birbal whole-heartedly.

1. Which season was going on?

2. What did Akbar want to know from Birbal?

3. How many crows were there in Akbar’s kingdom, according to Birbal?

4. True/False:

(i) Birbal knew the exact number of crows in the kingdom.

(ii) Akbar praised Birbal for his quick wit.

5. Find synonyms from the passage:

Surprised; fast; pretty; appreciated

6. Find any two adverbs from the passage.

26

PMP

w you you

ngdom? ngdomm.” m.”

ty, I can tell ty, I can tell n our kingdom. our kingdom.

ingdom.” Akbar was Akbar was . He said, “What if there . He said, “What if there

at?”

aid, “If there are more crowaid, “If there are more crog their friends and relativeg their friends and rela

nd asked, “And what if nd asked, “And what if

I would say thI woues.”es.”

ww

PPP


the space was Kalpana Chawla. She was born on March 17, 1962 in Karnal. She was fascinated with stars, planets and space. She studied aeronautical engineering in Punjab. She moved to the United States in 1982 to obtain a Master of Science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Texas. She continued higher studies. In 1994, she was selected for NASA’s astronaut training programme. In 1988, she began working at the NASA Ames Research Center. Later she joined NASA Astronaut Corps in March 1995

team conducted several successful experiments during their stay in the space. On February 1, 2003 while returning, the space shuttle exploded, just sixteen minutes before landing and all the astronauts in the shuttle were killed. It was a tragic moment for India.

1. When and where was Kalpna Chawla born? 2. Why did she study aeronautical engineering? 3. From where did she do her post graduation? 4. When was she selected for NASA’s astronaut training programme? 5. Complete the lines:

(i)

(ii) Kalpana Chawla joined NASA Astronaut Crops in .

(iii) The name of their space shuttle was .

(iv) The space shuttle exploded on just sixteen minutes before landing.

PMPMPMPral successful experiments al successful experime

hile returning, the space shhile returning, the space sand all the astronauts in tand all the astronauts

dia.dia.ere was Kalpna Chere was K

y aeronautiy aerodo hdo h


Once Mrs Lion told Mr Lion to brush his teeth as his mouth smelt very bad. Mr Lion could not tolerate such an insult. He was very upset. He called a sheep and said, “Is my mouth smelling very bad?” The innocent sheep told the truth. “Yes, sir, you have a bad breath.” Mr Lion roared angrily and killed the sheep. Then Mr Lion called a wolf and asked him the same question. The wolf had secretly seen how the sheep was killed, just a few minutes ago. So he thought to tell a lie. “Sir, your breath is as

Mr Lion understood that the wolf was telling a lie. So he killed the wolf. Then he called a fox and said, “Tell me quickly, how does my breath smell?” The fox had seen the fate of both the sheep and the wolf who chose to speak the truth and lie. So the clever fox said, Sir, “I have a very bad cough and cold. My nose is blocked. I can’t smell anything at all.” Mr Lion let the fox go.Moral: In time of danger, it is better to keep quiet.

Q 1. Give a suitable title to the story. Q 2. Why was Mr Lion very upset? Q 3. What happened when the sheep told the truth to Mr Lion? Q 4. What did the wolf tell Mr Lion? Q 5. Who was the cleverest of all? Q 6. Find any two adjectives and adverbs from the story.

DaffodilsI wander lonely as a cloud

When all at once I saw a crowd, A host of golden daffodils,Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way,They stretched in never-ending line

PMP

ng ng a fox a fox

my breath smell?” They breath smello chose to speak the truth ao chose to speak t

cough and cold. My nose iugh and cold. Mhe fox go.go.

t is better to keep quiet. t is better to keep quiettle to the story.o the story.

Lion very upset?Lion very upsetpened when the sheep toldpened when the sheep

d the wolf tell Mr Lion?d the wolf tell Mr Lion?e cleverest of all?e clevere

djectives andjectiv


Along the margin of a bay;Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.The waves beside them danced; but theyOut-did the sparkling waves in glee:A poet could not but be gay,In such a jocund company;I gazed and gazed but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought;For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,

Which is the bliss of solitude;

And dances with the daffodils.

-William WordsworthQ 1. Who has composed this poem?

William Wordsworth Keats Daffodils Q 2. The poet was __________ when he saw the daffodils.

with a friend alone at home Q 3. The poet compared himself with __________.

waves cloud trees

happy sad angry Q 5. Which of these pairs of words do not rhyme?

cloud, crowd shine, line thought, mood Q 6. Which of these is the synonym of ‘jocund’?

solitude cheerful and happy sad Q 7. Which of these is the antonym of ‘pensive’?

solitude host gay Q 8. Which of these is an adjective?

golden wander cloud

PMPworthorth

s poem?

rth th

PMPMKeats Keats

__________ when he saw th__________ when he saww

nd nd PMPMalone alocompared himself with compared himself with PP


Paragraph WritingParagraph Writing

1. A VISIT TO THE MUGHAL GARDENS If you want to see nature at its full bloom, you must visit the Mughal Gardens at the

Rashtrapati Bhawan in Delhi. The gardens are opened to the public in February just

Gardens. Last week, we went there by car. I was surprised to see very long queues

water channels running across the garden added to the beauty of the place. Roses, dahlias, marigolds of different breeds were adorning the garden. The visitors were

plants, cacti, bonsai of a large variety which made us marvel at the diversity of God's

Terrace Gardens and the circular Garden were particularly awesome. We also saw many birds and animals roaming freely. We went around slowly watching the

was the most beautiful place that we had ever seen. I still watch those pictures and recall the visit. The Mughal Gardens are indeed 'a thing of beauty and a joy forever.'

2. MY HOBBY A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment during one's leisure time.

Hobby is good for everyone as it keeps us busy but frees our mind. A hobby helps us by giving us immense pleasure and peace of mind and soul. It also helps in discovering our talents and abilities in right direction. My hobby is gardening and I like taking care of our terrace garden. I water the plants daily in the morning.

daisy, rose, hibiscus, lily and marigold. Our neighbours and relatives also praise our garden. We have grown some vegetables in our backyard. It gives us great

27

PMP

GHAL GARGHAL GARm, you must visit the, you must visi

dens are opened to the pudens are opened

here by car. I was surprisedby car. I was surp

g across the garden added tross the garden added tf different breeds were adof different breeds were a

nsai of a large variety whichnsai of a large variety whi

and the circular Gaand the cimals roaminmals r

aceace


healthy and strong. My hobby is not only a great source of enjoyment but also a way of rejuvenation. It makes my mind fresh and peaceful.

3. VALUE OF DISCIPLINE Discipline is a way of behaving that shows a willingness to obey rules or orders.

It is a way of self-control. There is importance of discipline in every aspect of life.

necessity. Discipline teaches us to operate by principle rather than desire. Discipline gives us an opportunity to learn, experience and become a good person. Without discipline, there will be complete chaos and disorder. Discipline means to follow the rules, to obey the elders and to behave in an orderly manner. Without discipline students can't learn anything at school, we can't even cross a road safely. If there is

expected to complete the assignments within the allotted time. The country will not

and the police are unwilling to follow the orders of their higher authorities, there will not be any safety and security of the people. Discipline is required everywhere to maintain peace and order. Discipline builds character, develops strength and unity and fosters cooperation. It is, therefore, necessary that children should be taught discipline since childhood. It is the secret of success in life. Discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment. A disciplined mind leads to happiness whereas an indisciplined mind leads to suffering. The choice is ours!

I. Now write a paragraph on 'The Most Enjoyable Vacation'. (Hints: when and where you went, how; with whom you went; what made it special; what you saw and purchased; what you enjoyed the most and why)II. Write a paragraph on 'The Television serial I like the Most'. (Hints: a variety of programmes, different variety for people of all ages, name the serial you like, why,

III. Write a paragraph on 'My Visit to the Historical Monuments of Delhi'. (Hints: which place you visited; why, when, what you saw, what impressed you, describe the monuments, your feelings)

IV. Write a paragraph on 'Value of Good Manners'. (Hints: use quotations, common good manners, why we should follow them)V. Write a paragraph on 'An Unforgettable Dream'. (Hints: when did the dream occur, about whom, share the dream, how you felt, whether it was funny or horrifying, what happened when the dream ended, what helped you wake up, why will you not forget it)

PMP

eve

within the allotted timithin the allotte

llow the orders of their higow the orders oity of the people. Disciplinethe people. Disc

r. Discipline builds characr. Discipline builds charaation. It is, therefore, necesation. It is, therefore, ne

childhood. It is the secret odhood. It is the secret os and accomplishment. A ds and accomplishment. A

ciplined mind leads to suffciplined mind leads to suffragraph on 'The Most Enjoyragraph on 'The Most Enjoy

h whom you went; h whom yoou enjoyed the mou enjo

'The Tele'The arietariet


Letter WritingLetter Writing

INFORMAL LETTER

C-365, New Friends Colony

Ludhiana

April 15, 20XX

Dear Gurdeep

I've just received your letter and the gifts aunt has sent for me. I was wishing to write to you but I was too busy these days. The session has just started and I'm trying to mix up with the new environment of this school. I must tell you that the school is even better than that I had imagined. The teachers are very caring and helpful. The students are cooperative too. The school has a large building and separate playgrounds for different sports. We have smart classrooms and digital books. There are various activities like- western and classical dance, orchestra, crafts, gardening, yoga, karate and so on. I have joined the Eco-club as I have a keen concern for the environment.

I spend my leisure time in the library where I can have whatever book I like. I have also made a number of friends. My class teacher has made me the class monitor. I'm enjoying studies as well as other activities.

Give my warm regards to Uncle and Aunt. Take care of yourself. I hope to meet you during summer vacation.

Yours affectionately

Surjeet Singh

28

L LETTERLET

ed your letter and the gifed your letter and the gifI was too busy thesI was too with the new enwith th

ter than tter thas ares are


FORMAL LETTER

C-345, Vikas MargDelhiAugust 25, 20xxThe PrincipalS. D. Public SchoolVasant Vihar

Subject: Application for leaveDear Madam

I wish to inform you that I’m participating in a music fest at Goa alongwith my father. We have to perform there for three days. It’s a great opportunity for me to perform among the veteran artists.

August 30, 20xx. Yours faithfully Ravish Tripathi (Class V-B)

Tips of the dayPMP’m participating in a musi’m participating in a musi

rm there for three days. It’sm there for three days. Ieteran artists.eran artists.

x. x.


A-675, Shivaji ParkShahadra, DelhiJuly 23, 20XXThe LibrarianL F International SchoolKabir Nagar Subject: Loss of library cardDear MadamI am extremely sorry to inform you that I have lost my library card somewhere. I might have lost it while getting off the school bus yesterday afternoon.I request you to issue me a new library card. I assure you that I will be more alert in future.I apologise once again for the loss.Thanking You.Yours obedientlyAyush BhardwajClass V-A

PMP

losbus yebus ye

rd. I assure yourd. I assure y


Formative ActivitiesFormative Activities

1. Why you not yet submitted the project?

has have will have

2. Absence the heart grow fonder.

makes make has make

3. This choir of singers won a talent show.

has have is

4. How money do you require?

many much most

5. Could I have milk, please?

few a few some

6. book is this?

Whose Where How

7. I all the bulbs by the CFLs to save electricity.

has replaced have replaced have replace

8. Which of these is an abstract noun?

friendly friend friendship

9. Which of these is not an abstract noun?

knowledge wide honesty

10. My spectacles new and trendy.

is are was

11. The condition of these rooms not good.

is are were

29

PMP

fonder.fonder.

M won a talent show.won a talent

ave

oney do you require?oney do you require

muchmuch

PM milk, please? milk, please

a fewew P book is this? book is th

Wh

the buthe b

PPPPPPPPP


12. people are not liked.

Unhonest Dishonest Inhonest

I am a

high in the sky.

Come with me,

I can give

you a

ride. Kite Moon

I look like a cradle,I want you to sleep.

I shine the whole night,You bid me good night!

PMPMPMPMte

loowa

I shiYo

PMPM


Two crows lived on a tree— a snake lived nearby— snake ate crow’s eggs— crows felt helpless— one day a princess came to bathe in a nearby pond— crows stole her ornaments— soldiers followed them— they dropped ornaments in snake’s hole— Soldiers killed the snake to get ornaments— crows took revenge

thumb impression/ear-bud printing in an aesthetic way to prepare your drawing activity. Arrange all these activities in a folder/spiral binding. Your project is ready.

1. Birds of a feather a. than the tail of a lion.

2. A barking dog b. before they hatch.

4. A bird in hand d. that catches the worm.

5. A leopard cannot e. seldom bites.

6. Better be the head of a dog f. is worth two in a bush.

7. Don’t count your chickens g. change his spots.

8. It is the early bird h. mice will play.

heat, bunch, truth, mountain, army, train, cassette, December, pack, anger, Raipur, swarm, Shatabdi Express, bees, love, Gomti,

PMP

aesthetic wayaesthetic waolder/spiral bindinolder/spiral bin

dd

dd

MPMPMPMPMPMPPPPMPMPMPPPP


COMMON NOUN

COLLECTIVE NOUN

PROPER NOUN

ABSTRACT NOUN

PMPCOLLECTIVE NOUNCOLLECTIVE NOU


Mixed BagMixed Bag

1. Page 25 of this book is torn. 2. In a corner of the garden stood a little child. 3. Don't disobey your parents. 4. Your classroom is very dusty. 5. All the students of my class are very punctual.

1. I am going to a new apartment. (buy/by)

2.

3. Deep wounds take longer time to . (heel/heal)

4. He met European scientist. (a/an)

5. Why are you sitting on last bench? (a/the)

6. I am suffering malaria. (from/for)

7. He will not leave

8. I would prefer green tea it is available. (so/if)

9. A of thieves entered the shop. (troop/gang)

10. Who the Red Fort? (build/built)

11. 'Beauty' is an . (adjective/abstract noun)

12. Delhi is than Bengaluru in summer. (hot/hotter)

Adil is waiting for Sandy at the railway station. The train (arrive)

at the station. The guard

(give) the whistle. People (board) the train. Porters

30

PMPPPpunct

M a new apartment. new apartment.

onger time to nger time to MPM European scientist European scienti

u sitting on u sitting on PMng ng P malal

veve Pn tea n tea P


(carry) out the luggage from the train. Adil just

(receive) Sandy's phone call. He is about to reach the station.

1. swati said to ravi what are you doing2. chandigarh is a well-planned city3. sonu nigam and shreya ghoshal sang a song4. i went to market and bought a toy for mini5. wow isha is looking amazing6. my uncle will go to japan and china for a business trip

1. They will include you in their team.

2. The beggar was eating the food .

3. Priya is beautiful.

4. The train has arrived.

5. I accept your invitation.

6. He has changed his job.

7. did you attend the function?

8. Are you feeling well ?

1. Jaspreet went to market. Jaspreet bought a gift for her mother.2. Rohan could not attend the function. Rohan was out of station.3. Garvita was unwell. She did not go to school.4. Would you like soup? Would you like noodles?5. Jia went to market. She did not buy anything.6. Run fast. You will miss the bus.

1. Hope for the best.

3. How can you behave so rudely?

greedily, twice, when, just, willingly, today, gladly, extremely

PMPPPPde you in their team.de you in their tea

ood

MP .

beautiful.b M arrived. arrived.

accept your invitation. accept your invitation.

PM changed his job changed hisP did you attend the did you attend the

well well PPPPPingly, today,


5. Take two tablets daily with warm water. 6. It is nice to meet you.

2. They don't eat stale food. (simple future tense)

3. We have joined yoga classes. (past perfect tense)

4. She was waiting for you. (simple present tense)

5. People are bursting crackers. (present perfect tense)

6. He is writing a story. (future continuous tense)

1. Don't made a noise.

2. He does not thinks sensibly.

3. She did not saw the movie.

4. The childrens smile sweetly.

5. She will ate pizza.

1. These machines are new.2. Rahul is driving a car.3. They keep their things neatly.4. I have forgotten my phone number.5. He goes to church every week.6. Ms Sudesh Arora teaches us.

1. Where does yesterday always follow today?

PMPPP

PPMP

PMPMPMPMPMPMPPMMPMPMMMMMMMMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMPMPMP

(

nsibly.

he movie.

ns smile sweet

pizza.


1. R O T A M L (antonym of immortal)

2. O T L C S Y (synonym of expensive)

3. A E L G G G (a group of geese)

4. D E A B V R (a part of speech in English language)

5. E R O W T (past form of write)

6. C C P A T E (antonym of reject)

7. R B T T E E (comparative degree of good)

8. R S T O W (superlative degree of bad)

3. What always ends everything?

4. Imagine you are in a sinking boat and surrounded by sharks. How would you survive?

5. What has a head and a tail but no body?

6. What starts with a T, ends with a T and has T in it?

7. Say my name and I disappear. What am I?

8. What gets wetter as it dries?

Answers:

1. In a dictionary 2. Two 3. The letter 'g'

4. Just stop imagining 5. a coin 6. a teapot

7. Silence 8. a towelPMP

PMPMym of immortal) ym of immortal)

nonym of expensive) onym of expensiv

(a group of geese) (a group of geese)

R (a part of speech in ER (a part of speech in

(past form of w(past

antonym oantony

P2.

SUPERB ENGLISH SUPERB ENGLISH

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