Sun tracking System by Udayveer Singh Rohewal

SUN TRACKING SYSTEM

Project By : Narinder Kumar & Udaybeer

SinghB.tech E.C.E 8th Sem

BELLS INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY

1By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

THE SOLAR OPTION

Solar energy is a very large, inexhaustible source of energy. The power from the sun intercepted by the earth is approximately 1.8*1011MW, which is many thousands of times larger than the present consumption rate on the earth of all commercial energy sources.

Solar energy could supply all the present and future energy needs of the world on a continuing basis. This makes it one of the most promising of the unconventional energy sources.

Solar energy has two other factors in the favor.

1.  Firstly, unlike fossil fuels and nuclear power, it is environmentally clean source of energy.

2. Secondly, it is free and available in adequate quantities in almost all parts of the world where people live. Also it has no heavy mechanical section and is free from noise.

2By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

2. OBJECTIVE :The aim of our projects is to utilize the maximum solar energy through solar panel. For this a digital based automatic sun tracking system is proposed. This project helps the solar power generating equipment to get the maximum sunlight automatically thereby increasing the efficiency of the system. The solar panel tracks the sun from east to west automatically for maximum intensity of light.

To fabricate a DC motor control interfaced with driver circuit.

To construct a model prototype solar cell movement system with a mechanical assemble to move the panel from 180⁰ E to W.

To design an electronic circuit to sense the intensity of light and to control DC motor driver for the panel movement.

To construct an emergency light inverter circuit i.e. to operate tube light with the help of charged battery from the solar panel

3By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

4.How the Track Rack follow the sun

1.Sunrise "Wake- Up The Track Rack begins the day facing west. As the morning sun rises in the east, it heats the unshaded west-side canister with both.

2. Mid-Morning The Track Rack moved by the shifting weight of liquid flowing from one side of the tracker to the other through a copper tube that connects the east and

3. Mid-AfternoonAs the sun moves, the Track Rack follows (at approximately 15o per hour, continually seeking equilibrium as liquid moves from one side of the.

4. SunsetThe Track Rack completes its daily cycle facing west. It remains in this position overnight until it is "awakened" by the rising sun the following morning.

direct and reflected rays (from the inter surface of the "shadow plate") forcing liquid into the shaded east-side cannister.

tracker to the other.

west canisters .When one canister is exposed to the sun more than the other, its vapor pressure increases, forcing liquid to the cooler, shaded side.

4By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

AT89C4051Microcontroll

er

LM324Op-Amp

IC

ULN2003

LDRSENSOR

STEPPER MOTOR

Block Diagram

5By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

LM324

AT89C

2051 1

234

1µF

+5V

+5V

+5V

1K

1K

10

K

10

K1

0K

10

K

+5V

56K33P

33P

12MHz

22

K2

2K

6. Circuit

6By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

+12V

ULN 2003

7805Voltage

Regulator

12VBattery

-

1

2

3

7By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

8.Working with KEIL software

8By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

7.CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION

COMPONENT LIST 1.

IC1 LM324

2.

IC2 Microcontroller AT89C2051

3.

Voltage Regulator 7805

4.

IC3 ULN 2003

5.

LDR1 & LDR2 Light Dependent Resistor

6.

Oscillator Crystal Oscillator 12MHz

7.

Resistors 1K(2);10K(4);56K(1);

8.

Capacitors 1µF(1);33P(2)9By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar

Image of Project

10By :udaybeer singh & narinder kumar