Summary How Far And Quickly Did England Shift Towards

Where was the driving force behind religious change in

Edward’s reign?

AimsUnderstand the key factors / individuals

creating religious change under Edward VI

Driving force behind the religious

change during Henry VIII’s

reign

Archbishop

Cranmer

Cromwell

Reformers a broad

Henry VIII

Divorce/Successio

n

Power

Wealth

Act of Supremacy

Dissolved the monasteries

Act of Succession

Ten Articles

Bible translated into English

Edward VI

SomersetNorthumberland

Archbishop Cranmer

John Hooper

Hugh LatimerNicholas Ridley

How far and quickly did England shift towards Protestantism under Edward

VI?

AimsUnderstand the religious changes under

Edward VIBy completing a sorting exerciseUnderstand how far England became

ProtestantTo complete an AS level question tomorrow

in exam conditions

4 Phases The changes taken in Edward’s reign can

be viewed as 4 phases (stages)Phase 1 – Destructive (removal of Catholicism)Phase 2 – State of Limbo (dealing with

Protestant activity)Phase 3 – Formative (Protestant form of

worship and belief established)Phase 4 – Completion (reform saw

establishment of full Protestantism)

End of Henry VII’s

reign

Removal of

Catholicism

Unofficial Protestanti

sm

Ceremonial

Change

Doctrinal Change

Full Protestanti

sm

End of Henry VII’s

reign

Removal of

Catholicism

Unofficial Protestanti

sm

Ceremonial

Change

Doctrinal Change

Full Protestanti

sm

End of Henry VII’s

reign

Removal of

Catholicism

Unofficial Protestanti

sm

Ceremonial

Change

Doctrinal Change

Full Protestanti

sm

End of Henry VII’s

reign

Removal of

Catholicism

Unofficial Protestanti

sm

Ceremonial

Change

Doctrinal Change

Full Protestanti

sm

End of Henry VII’s

reign

Removal of

Catholicism

Unofficial Protestanti

sm

Ceremonial

Change

Doctrinal Change

Full Protestanti

sm

End of Henry VII’s

reign

Removal of

Catholicism

Unofficial Protestanti

sm

Ceremonial

Change

Doctrinal Change

Full Protestanti

sm

Key Change – First Book of Common Prayer 1548Cranmer’s workEnforced by Act of UniformityA half way measure fearing that anything more

radical would not be acceptedTherefore satisfied few people – Catholics saw it as

Protestant and the Protestants thought it was full of Popery.

Outlined the Liturgy – e.g. o Services in Englisho Sacraments like baptism, last rites, confirmation,

marriageo Communion of both kindso No prayers for the deado Worship of Saints discouraged (not banned)o Fast and holy days remained

Furthermost swing towards ProtestantismCranmer satisfied many radical reformersFollowed Calvinist ideasEucharist or Communion followed the principle that

the bread and the wine did not represent the body and blood of Christ – but a symbol of remembrance of Christ.

Altars replacedIn conformation the sign of the cross was abolished

Enforced by Second Act of Uniformity – under which offence for clergy and laity not to attend Church of England services.

Key Change – Second Book of Common Prayer 1552

Summary – How Protestant? Key PointsCranmer wrote both books of common prayer

which gave the Church a Protestant Service.Enforced by the Acts of Uniformity – the second

Act of Uniformity actually making no attendance at Church an offence.

Edward was a radical Protestant and was involved in the religious changes –e .g attendance at PC meetings where religious issues were discussed.

There were other factors influencing change e.g. greed, European reformers, John Hooper, Latimer and Ridley, lack of opposition and Somerset and Northumberland

Summary – How Protestant? Key PointsThe Edwardian Reformation can in the final

analysis be seen in three stages – 1) Catholicism swept away 2) Protestant ceremonial changes 3) Reformed Protestant doctrine introduced.

Protector Somerset was a committed Protestant but was restrained by war, finance and Catholics.

Duke of Northumberland moved England toward Protestantism – however it can be argued this was for personal rather than religious gain. Gaining the favour of Edward, preventing Mary’s potential succession and reducing Catholic influence generally.

Summary – How Protestant? Key PointsYES Removal of Catholicism - chantries were

closed, images removed and altars replaced etc. Removal of Six Articles, heresy and treason laws.

Ceremonies changed

Doctrine – Prayer books enforced by the Acts of Uniformity and laid out particularly in Second Prayer book. E.g. Changes to communion / Eucharist

Summary – How Protestant? Key PointsHOWEVERBut the extent to which the people became

Protestant is hard to measure. Many welcomed Mary who would return

England to Catholicism, others were against her. There was a lack of good preachers to spread

Protestantism. Many conformed in public, however private

Catholic worship remained. Some opposition e.g. Western (Prayer Book)

rebellion and Gardiner