Sum Writing Pp

8/13/2019 Sum Writing Pp

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How Do You TeachSummary Writing?


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RECAPWhat is a summary?

a shortened version of a text

such a as newspaper article, a

chapter of a book, a whole book,

report or essay

a brief description of a series ofevents, a play, opera, film etc.


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What are some of the good

characteristics ofsummaries?

not a word-for-word copy

from original text

in your own words

key information/main ideas


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What is summary writing?

1. A short version of a longerpiece of writing.

2. Contains all the important partsof the original.

3. Written in your own words.


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WHAT TO DO IN A SUMMARY?

1. Read the original text.

2. Underline or make a note of the

main issues.3. Look up any words or ideas you

dont know.

4. Work through the writing to spot itsmain sections or arguments.


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WHAT STUDENTS USUALLYDO IN A SUMMARY

1. They write down everything.

2. They write down next to nothing.

3. They write down completesentences.

4. They write too much.

5. They dont write enough.

6. They copy word for word.


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WHAT STUDENTS SHOULDDO IN A SUMMARY

1. Pull out main ideas.

2. Focus on key details.3. Use key words and phrases.

4. Break down the larger ideas.

5. Write just enough to convey thegist.


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TIPS TO STUDENTS

Read the passage carefully.

Identify & highlight the main points in the

passage. Use as few words as possible to rephrase main

points.

Do not include ideas not found in the passage. Use proper linking words to connect main

points.


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Write out the summary in ONE paragraph.

Count the number of words used.

Read through the whole summary and checkfor grammatical and spelling errors.


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APPROACH?

Word/Phrase level

Sentence level

Paragraph level


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Strategies?

Reading and understanding the passage

Giving the passage a title to helpunderstanding of the passage

Identifying topic sentences Identifying supporting details

Word substitution

Leaving out unnecessary details Selective underlining


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1. Fruits

2. Furniture3. Cutlery

4. Flowers

5. Animals

6. Desserts7. Disasters

8. Clothes/Clothing

9. Crockery

10.Food

11.Sports/games

12.plants

13. Tools

14. People15. Buildings

16. Colours

17. Drinks/beverage

18. ---------19. Birds

20. Food

21. Gemstones

22. Horoscopes

23. Insects/pests

24. Vehicles


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1. Record

2. Shortly

3. Occasionally

4. Shallow

5. Money-minded

6. Annually

7. Fragile

8. Illegible

9. Whisper

10. Repeatedly


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11. Innocent

12. Invisible13. Scream

14. Useless

15. Weekly

16. Scream

17. Mute

18. Survive

19. Illiterate

20. Stare


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1. Barren

2. Barrier3. Alma mater

4. Advise

5. Continue6. Flashback

7. Flair

8. Hoard9. Strong

10. Playfully


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1. enter

2. extract

3. accompany

4. conduct

5. whisper

6. jot

7. stress8. exceed

9. discuss

10. requested

11. selected12. omit

13. demanding

14. minute

15. exaggerate

16. discover

17. plenty

18. annually

19. fortnightly

20. immediately

21. carefully22. then

23. again

24. chase

25. noiselessly26. fearlessly

27. silently

28. inconsistent


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a. expert

b. excavate

c. extinguishd. exhibition

e. exhale

a. infliction

b. infirm

c. inaccessibled. intelligible

e. infidel


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A twenty-ringgit bag An eleven-player team

A fully-illustrated book

A one-month holiday A twenty-floor building

A two-hour concert

A four-hour operation


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A hundred-year-old antique

A twenty-sibling family

A badly-written-error-filledreport

A four-day-three-night trip

A 3-kilogram fish

An eight-wheeled truck A three-in-one printer

A fun-filled evening


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a. postponed

b. are illiterate

c. an enjoyable show

d. fashionable clothes

e. Our American visitorf. The bins were full of rubbish.

g. Hashim sat silently.

h. Kluang is a small and clean town.i. I think teaching is a fine career.


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a. All the society members made

donations to the flood victimsvoluntarily.

b. The two school football teams

decided to form a teamto defeat the

team from the rival school.

c. The equipment we are taking alongfor the trip must be portable.


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a. investigate

b. reduce

c. confiscatedd. discussed

e. destroyed


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a. I could not believe my eyes. I wasso surprisedto see Melina. Shehad dyed her hair blonde.

I was surprised to see that Melinahad dyed her hair blonde.

SELECTIVE UNDERLINING


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b. I was shocked when I saw Jamilrunning towards me. My little

brother had blood on his hands, Idid not know what had happened.

I was shocked when I saw Jamilwith blood on his hands.



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c. Last monththere were bush firesin Australia.The fires destroyedhundreds of plants. They also

killedmany animals. Last month, bush fires in Australia

destroyed plants and killed

animals.



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d. Many animals lost their homes.The animals fledfrom the forest totry and save themselves.

Many animals lost their homes andthey fled to save themselves.



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e. As Iwalked past the bakery, thesmellof freshly bakedbread, bunsand cakescame wafting to my

nostrils.

I smelled freshly baked pastries as

I passed the bakery.



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f. Charles Dickenswas a famousauthor who lived centuries ago. Hewrote many famous novelsthat

are still being enjoyed bypeopletoday.

Many people still read Dickensfamous novels.



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g. Have you been to Rainbow cafona Friday? They have lovely cakesand pastrieson that day. The

varietyon that day is much morethan on the other days.

On Fridays, Rainbow Caf hasmore variety of cakes and pastries.



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Complete the box with repetition,

definition, example and direct speech

I saw Rita walking down the

road yesterday. She was wearing a

blue dress. She looked very pretty in

her blue dressI think you would call

that shade of blue, sea blue as it was

bluish green, like the colou r of the

seawhen she saw me, she came upand talked to me She said, Hello,

June, how are you?

definitionrepetition

exampleDirect

speech


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Summary:

Yesterday, I saw Ritawearing a blue dress.She said hello to me.


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a. The following paragraph contains one

sentence which is irrelevant. Cross outthat sentence and explain why it does

not belong in that paragraph.

Cats make wonderful house pets. Theyare very loving and friendly. They are

clean. They dont eat much, so they are

not expensive. Many people are allergic

to their hair.They look beautiful.


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b. Read the following paragraph. Cross out theunnecessary details.

Last Saturday, a competition organized by theorphanages from around the state was held atthe Town Hall. Choirs from severalorphanages took part in the competition. The

musicians, who accompanied the singing,played beautifully.The judgesawarded thefirst prize to the choir from Little Angels Home.The staff of Little Angels Home said that thechildren had been practising for monthsAgroup of students from SMK Sungai Rejangpresented RM1000 to the winners. The moneywas donated by the students of the school.


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Answer: Last Saturday, choirs from orphanages in

the state took part in a competition at the

Town Hall. Little Angles Home was

awarded the first prize and received

RM1000 from the students of SMK Sungai

Rejang.


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c. Each passage is followed by some statements. Put a tick

( / ) against the main points and a cross ( x ) against

unnecessary details.Malaysia is not a drug-producing country. It however is a

centre for drug-trafficking because of its nearness to the

Golden Trianglewhich ceaselessly produces narcotic

drugslike marijuana and opium. This explains why

Malaysia has tough laws relating to drug abuse and

trafficking. These laws have been formulated to

safeguard the security of the country.

1. Malaysia is not a drug-producing country. /

2. Malaysia is close to the Golden Triangle. /

3. The Golden Triangle produces narcotic drugs. /

4. Malaysia has tough laws against drug abuse

and trafficking to keep the country safe. /


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Rural folks have a higher risk of drinking contaminated

watersince one out of three do not get water suitable

for drinking. Many have contracted cholera becausethey rely on polluted rivers for drinking water.Villagers

of Kampung Belum Baru near Grik , Perak, for

instance, turn to Sg Kenering because of the frequent

cuts in their water supply.Water-borne diseases like

cholera, typhoid, hepatitis and dysentery can causenationwide epidemicswhich are of great concern to

the health authorities. Few people have the habit of

drinking water directly from the tap. Water that pours

out of the taps these days in various parts of thecountry is cloudy, sometimes yellowishwater which is

enough to put anyone off.


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1. Rural folks have a greater chance of drinking

contaminated water. /

2. Many rural folks get cholera because they relyheavily on polluted rivers for their drinking water. /

3. Villagers of Kampung Belum Baru near Grik,

Perak, for instance, sometimes turn to Sg

Kenering for drinking water. X

4. Water-borne diseases such as cholera,

typhoid, hepatitis and dysentery are

common in rural areas. X5. What flows out of taps these days is cloudy and

yellowish water. /


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The Amazonis the largest river in the world It is 6674

kmlong, second only to the Nile which is about 200km

longer. The Amazon River starts high up the icy Andesmountain in Peru, only a few kilometers from the Pacific

Ocean. From its source it flows towards the north, then

it turns and flows eastwards. There are almost no roads

in the Amazon jungle and the river is the main means

of transport.

It is so large that ships can sail as far as Iquitos in

Peru. All along the river there are villagers and towns.

At its mouth the Amazon River is about 720km wide.

This is roughly the distance from Johor Bahru toSeremban.


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1. The Amazon is 6437 km long. X

2. The Amazon river starts high up inthe icy Andes mountains in Peru. /

3. There are no roads in Amazon jungle. /

4. The river is the main means of transport. /

5. This is roughly the same distance by roadfrom Johor Bahru to Seremban. X


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In the interior of Sarawak, the Ibans build their long

houses on stilts. A long house, as the name suggests,

is a house that is very long. Each house has a numberof rooms. Each room is known as a bilikand it houses

one family.As the family grows, so does the number of

rooms. In Papua New Guinea, long houses sometimes

house a whole village. Some less fortunate people in

neighbouring countries like Hong Kong live in floating

homes called sampans. These sampans are actually

covered boats with roofs and walls made of bamboo

matting or canvas. The people who live in sampans

fear that the children might fall overboardand drown.So children living in sampans have pieces of bamboo

tied their backs which act as life-jackets.


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1. The Ibans build their long houses on

stilts. /

2. As the family grows, so does the number

of rooms in the long house. /

3. Some less fortunate people live in floating

homes. /

4. The people who live in sampans live in

constant fear of falling overboard. X

5. Children living in sampans in Hong Kong wearlife-jackets made of bamboo. X


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a. Leena thought of the lovely beaches and thesunsets she had enjoyed painting. She hadbeen lucky to have seen the huge sea-turtlescome ashore to lay their eggs. One evening,she had even surprised a tiger that waslooking for turtle eggs on the sandy beaches.On some mornings she had enjoyed pickingshells and now she owned some wonderful

specimens. She would always remember thisholiday because of so many wonderful things.

LOCATING TOPIC SENTENCES


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b. Malaysia is a country of great natural wealth.The climate and the soil are ideal for thecultivation of rice, rubber, coconuts and palm

oil. Other agricultural products includepineapples, pepper and tea. The country isalso rich in minerals such as copper and oil.Moreover mineral exploration is also being

carried on in search of new oil fields and otherbase materials


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c. The Rahman family began moving theirfurniture and other belongings upstairs. It hadbeen raining the past hour and the water level

seemed to be rising. Very soon, the waterwould be flowing into their home. Whenever itrained, the Rahman house was flooded. Afterthe rain, the whole family would begin the

difficult task of cleaning up the mess andarranging the furniture all over again.


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d. Although I have never trained him, my dog,Rex, is very smart.For example, he has agreat sense of time. He knows exactly whattime I should be getting home from school and

there he is, waiting for me at the gate. Rex caneven forecast the weather. When I hear himscratching furiously on the front door, I knowwe are in for a thunderstorm. Rex hates themand prefers to be under my bed than anywhereelse while the storm lasts. But if a strangerwere to come by then, he was out in a flash tocheck him out. He takes his guard duties veryseriously


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e. All insects are very small animals They live onland or in fresh water, but never in the seaThere are hundreds of thousands of differentkinds of insects in the world.Indeed, the

number is so large that scientists divided theminto groups to study them. For example, thereare large groups of beetles, ants, wasps andbees. Other large groups are butterflies and

moths with their two large pairs of wings, andthe flies, which have only one pair of wings,bugs, which feed by sucking plant juices, formanother huge group.


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Topic sentence:

The coconut has many uses

a. Coconuts are commonly found in warm tropical

climates.

b. People use coconuts for cooking and baking.

c. Copra is obtained from coconut and exported.

d. People often use the shell and husk to make

spoons, ropes, brooms, etc.

e. Monkeys are sometimes used to pluck


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Topic sentence:


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Topic sentence:A camel is well-suited to life in

the deserta. A camel is a bad-tempered, ugly-looking beast thatmoves about in a clumsy manner.

b. A camel s broad and padded feet make it easy towalk on loose sand.

c. A camel can go without food and water for daysbecause it can store fat in its hump and water in its specialstomach.

d. Overhanging eyelids and a double fringe of eye lashesprotect its small, dark eyes from the sun.

e. Its nostrils can be opened wide to take a deep breath,or almost closed to keep out the sand when a strong windis blowing.

Topic sentence:


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Topic sentence:

Lightning isnt dangerous if you

take proper carea. People are perfectly safe if they stay in the

open during thunderstorm.

b. Many people are afraid of lightning

c. Dont take shelter under trees; stay in theopen as much as possible.

d. People are safe from lightning in cars as longas the cars are moving.

e. There are four kinds of lightning.


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Many of the buses need repair work. Cityofficials say there is not enough money to

fix them. They will borrow from the state

Topic sentence/Main idea:

a. The city needs money.

b. The city needs money to fix thebuses.

c. The state government has plentyof money.

Did you ever stop to think how many lights


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Did you ever stop to think how many lightsare turned on at night? People need lights toread and work, and street lights help make theroads and highways safe for people. Watch afootball match at night. Players need hundredsof lights in order to play at night. Factories thatrun at night consume vast amounts of electricenergy. Signs on shop-fronts and along roads

are usually lit up at night so that people canread them.


Signs need to be lit in order to be seen at night.

Factories need electricity to run at night.

Much electricity is used at night.


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Lift the receiver. Dial 108 to get theInternational Exchange. When the telephoneanswers, say you want to make an internationalcall. Give the name of the person you want tocall, his town or city and his telephone number.Then the operator will ask you your name andnumber. After that you put down the receiverand wait for the operator to connect you to theperson you wish to call.


How do you use a telephone?

How do you place a long-distance call?

How does a telephone work?

Many people who rent houses feel thath h f i h


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the house owners are very unfair to them.Rents are raised too often. Services such asrepairing roofs, providing sufficient light etc.)

are poor. On the other hand, a large numberof house owners wonder why they ever gotinto this business in the first place. Theirtenants dont take care of the property. Theydamage bathroom fittings, drive nails into

walls and others. They also do not take careof the garden.


House owners treat their tenants badly

Both tenants and house owners havecomplaints about each other.

Tenants destroy property.

h l h h


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The more people there are, the moreproducts we use. The use of these productscreates wastes such as rubbish, sewage and

smoke. When we leave litter cans, bottles andpaper products about we are creating danger toour environment. Furthermore, dumping ofsewage and rubbish into seas causes harmfuleffects like polluting beaches and killing fishes.

Not only do people pollute the land and seasbut also the sky. The amount dangerousexhaust fumes from the cars and lorries, forexample, grows with human populationbecause more people use cars. Because thehuman population is increasing rapidly, itsinfluence on our environment, health and dailylife, becomes more and more important.


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There is too much rubbish in our world.

Overpopulation is the main cause of pollution.

Pollution of the seas causes danger to fish.


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1

Andrija Markovich is a thin pale-looking thirteen-year-old For a 1


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1

2

Andrija Markovich is a thin, pale-looking thirteen-year-old. For a

teenager, he is too serious and earnest-looking. He is from Bratunac, a

small town in Eastern Bosnia which has been torn apart by two years

of civil war. He has just returned to school after a long absence. Its

been a long holiday, said Andrija.

But its too long. Ive forgotten everything. Not quite. His English

was good enough to give an insiders view of how to spend many

hours fighting in the front line.

Because of the shortage of the heating fuel, the two schoolsin

Bratunac were closedfor three months. The classrooms were so coldthe children could not hold their pens. When the worst of the

winter was over, the schools reopened to 2,000 children between the

ages of 7 and 18 but the building remained cold. It was necessary to

reduce the length of the school dayand cut individual lessonsfrom

45 minutes to 30 minutes. Teachers and pupils had to wear coats,glove and hatsin the classroom. To compensate for the shorter hours,

the school week was extendedto include Saturday and Sunday.

1

5

10

11


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The effects of war on thechildren and teachers of Bosnia.

1. schools were closed

2. because of the lack of heat/because therewas no heating fuel

3. the classrooms were too cold to workin/pupils could not write properly.

4. then the school days were made shorter

5. lessons did not last long/were cut back

6. the working week was extended7. teachers and pupils had to wear outdoor

clothes


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