SULUKULE RENEWAL PROJECT IST ANBU L, TURKE Y 20 0 5 Victoria Kim Professor Pipkin PPD 113: Poverty in Dev Countries 3/7/2014
Jan 17, 2016
SULUKULE
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Victoria KimProfessor Pipkin
PPD 113: Poverty in Dev Countries3/7/2014
INTRODUCTION
Law no. 5366 (2005): “Preservation by Renovation and Utilization by Revitalizing of Deteriorated Immovable Historical and Cultural Properties”
Demolition & reconstruction: Urban Transformation Project (UTP)
Sulukule (“Water Tower”) Renewal Project = first UTP in Istanbul
Historic neighborhood, rich cultural assets UNESCO World Heritage Site, 1985
Theodosian Walls, Byzantine Empire
REGIONAL MAP OF ISTANBUL
DEMOGRAPHICS 80% of the Fatih residents are Roma (Gypsy) Community dating from Byzantine Empire Socially and economically ostracized– not recognized as an
official ethnic group in Turkey Informal settlement (shanty town, squatter community)
high unemployment, substandard infrastructure Ethnic enclave in Sulukule Historical settlement rich with music/entertainment
GOVERNANCE &PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY Fatih District, Istanbul Metropolitan District, TOKI (State Housing
Administration), 2006“Renovation, restoration, rehabilitation”Clear area for luxury villas/townhomes, entertainment/cultural center, and hotel
Three options given to Sulukule residents 1. Pay difference between current property value and proposed townhome
(determined by Fatih District) 2. Sell property/title deed to private developer(s)or TOKI
receive subsidy to TOKI apartment in massive housing project at Tasoluk Tasoluk = 25 miles away from Istanbul
3. Face forced eviction
TOKI paid 500 TL/sq meter for original property;
auction at 3000 TL/sq meter for each townhome
Before After
Sulukule
Tasoluk
ECONOMIC SECTOR
Social value of cultural assets underappreciated in decision-making process
Human capital, social network, solidarity Private benefit > social benefit
New townhomes aimed towards middle-high income groups Proposed cultural center have displays of Roma community
Construction sector stable in financial crisis Increasing urbanization rates -> housing demands
CIVIL SOCIETY
Sulukule Platform “40 days 40 nights” 2007Publicity, media
STOP Initiative (Planners without Borders), AnkaraProfessional network propose alternative plans and solutions (rejected)
Sulukule Platform + STOP Initiative = Sulukule Studio
Istanbul Chamber of Architects, Istanbul Chamber of City Planners, Sulukule Roma Association
File petitions an lawsuits to domestic courtsProject implementation continue despite legal battles in 2008
UNESCO: gentrification project Underground water channels, archeological discoveries during excavation
Sulukule Roma Association apply to European Courts of Human Rights, 2010
ALTERNATIVE PLANS
Fatih District’s plan
CONCLUSION
2012 Istanbul 4th Administrative Court revoke plan: “not in the public interest”
BUT according to Hurriyet Daily News on March 3, 2013 “Fatih Municipality did not revoke its plans…appealed to….Council of State”
Currently (2014): Project still ongoing