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H2SO4
Sulphuric
Acid
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How is Sulphuric Acid
made? The Contact Process
What is needed?Sulphur DioxideAirWaterCatalyst – Vanadium (V !xide
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" Production o# Sulphur
Dioxide1) S(s) + O2(g) SO2(g)
2)4FeS2(s) + 11O2(g) 2Fe2o3(s) + 8SO2(g)
3) 2CaSO4(s)+C(s) 2CaO(s)+CO2(g)+2SO2(g)
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ion o# Sulphur Dioxide to Sulphur Tr
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)
H = -196 kJmol -1
Temperatre ! 4"##C
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in$ the Sulphur Trioxide to Sulphuri
H2S#
4(l) +SO
3(g) H
2S
2#
$(l)
H2S2#$(l) + H2O (l) H2S#4(l)
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Sitin$ o# A
Sulphuric Acid
Production Plant
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Considerations to %e made include&'Sources o# aw )aterials – sulphur
ores* access to Vanadium !xide
+Sources o# Power – hi$htemperatures needed to oxidise
Sulphur Dioxide
,Transport #acilities – limitedinteraction with metal as this
li%erates Hydro$en $as
-Water esources – water isneeded #or the process
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The uses o# compounds o#
Sulphur
" Sulphur1sed to 0ulcani2e natural
ru%%er3 impro0in$elasticity and tensile
stren$th4umi$ants and #un$icides)ost sulphur is used to
produce Sulphur Dioxide5
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" SulphurDioxideeducin$ a$ent
used to %leach wool3straw and paper5
Preser0ation o# #ood3
alcoholic drin/s and
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" Sulphuricacid4ertili2ers
Deter$entsCar %atteriesHi$h Stren$th 4i%res
Paints 6 Pi$ments
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The impact o#the Sulphuric
Acid industry onthe en0ironment
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Sulphuric acid production is a 0eryclean process3 pro0idin$ minimalris/s o# en0ironmentalcontamination5
Almost all the processes used in
the production o# sulphuric acidactually result in the reduction o#addition o# sulphur dioxide to the
atmosphere Then3 sulphur dioxide that remainsunused durin$ the Contactprocess is recycled and scru%%ed
with %asic solutions – some non"
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