Sugar Furr Acc 142056 Enzootic Nasal Adenocarcinoma of Small Ruminants Trisha Oura February 28, 2011
Feb 24, 2016
Sugar FurrAcc 142056
Enzootic Nasal
Adenocarcinoma of
Small Ruminants
Trisha OuraFebruary 28, 2011
Sugar Furr
• < 2yo F Suffolk Sheep• Unilateral nasal
discharge• Swelling on head (left
dorsal)– Fluctuant, “reducible”
Radiographs
• Left nasal mass with frontal sinus obstruction or extension
• DDX: cyst, hematoma, abscess, granuloma, neoplasia
Echogenic fluid (aspirated)
Minimally vascular, echogenic mass
Ultrasound
Neoplasia
• Enzootic Nasal Adenocarcinoma of Small Ruminants– Rare (few case reports/case series in literature)– Sheep > goats– Young (e.g. 2-4yo), M=F– Upper respiratory signs (stridor, mouth breath), nasal discharge,
head shaking, sneezing– Facial asymmetry, exophthalmos– Occasionally with concurrent inflammatory polyps in nasal cavity– Can have concurrent pneumonia– DDX: Oestrus ovis myiasis
Enzootic Nasal Adenocarcinoma (ENA)aka: infectious adenopapillomatosis, infectious adenopapilloma, infectious adenocarcinoma
• Bilateral or unilateral• Can invade sinuses/adjacent bony
structures– Usually arises from ethmoid mucosa
• Rarely metastasize• Death due to anorexia, weight loss• Retroviral etiology
– Similar to Jaagsiekte virus• ovine pulmonary carcinoma
– Both are contagious tumors of respiratory epithelium, low grade malignancy
ENA
• Transmission:– Experimental intranasal innoculation
• Prevalence:– US, Canada, Europe (Spain, Italy), Japan, China, India,
Africa– No breed predisposition– Cases can be clustered in certain flocks/herds
• FYI: other ovine/caprine retroviruses:– Maedi-Visna (ovine progressive pneumonia), caprine
arthritis encephalitis
Gross Lesions
Further Diagnostics
• PCR• Immunohistochemistry
• Electron microscopy
Sugar Not Sugar
Treatment
• Surgical removal– Can be very bloody! Prepare for transfusion
• Many die within 3 months after diagnosis
Sugar
• IHC positive on biopsy and aspirated fluid• EM was less rewarding – hard to differentiate from cilia
• PCR is pending…
References• De Las Heras M, et al. Pathology of enzootic intranasal tumor in thirty-
eight goats. Vet Pathol. 1991;28:474-481.• McKinnon AO, et al. Enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma of sheep in Canada.
Can Vet J. 1982;23:88-94.• Martini JC, DF York. Retrovirus-associated neoplasms of the respiratory
system of sheep and goats. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 1997;13:55-70.
• Pugh DG. Upper Respiratory Diseases in Sheep and goat medicine. 2002. Elsevier.
• Svara T, et al. Enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma of sheep in Slovenia. J Vet Med. 2006;53:26-29.
• Yi G, et al. Descriptive study of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma in goats in southwestern China. Trans Emerg Diseases. 2010;57:197-200.